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He covers the absence and excess of water in the Bay Area — think sea level rise, flooding and drought. For nearly a decade he’s covered how warming temperatures are altering the lives of Californians. He’s reported on farmers worried their pistachio trees aren’t getting enough sleep, families desperate for water, scientists studying dying giant sequoias, and alongside firefighters containing wildfires. His work has appeared on local stations across California and nationally on public radio shows like Morning Edition, Here and Now, All Things Considered and Science Friday. ","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9c15bb8bab267e058708a9eeaeef16bf?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"ezraromero","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ezra David Romero | KQED","description":"Climate Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9c15bb8bab267e058708a9eeaeef16bf?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9c15bb8bab267e058708a9eeaeef16bf?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/eromero"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"science_1983299":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1983299","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1983299","score":null,"sort":[1688851437000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"san-franciscos-aging-infrastructure-isnt-ready-for-its-wetter-future","title":"San Francisco's Aging Infrastructure Isn't Ready for Its Wetter Future","publishDate":1688851437,"format":"standard","headTitle":"San Francisco’s Aging Infrastructure Isn’t Ready for Its Wetter Future | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>San Francisco’s future looks a whole lot wetter, thanks in part to human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s according to a new city-funded study that predicts that San Francisco will be hit by\u003ca href=\"https://sfpuc.org/about-us/reports/san-francisco-bay-area-precipitation-warmer-world\"> increasingly intense storms in the coming decades\u003c/a>, and needs to dramatically update its stormwater infrastructure to try to handle the deluge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re gonna see more areas that flood that have never flooded before,” said Kris May, founder of the Pathways Climate Institute, a San Francisco-based consulting firm, who helped lead the study. “I don’t think we have nomenclature anymore for what is coming with climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, which was released weeks after KQED filed a public records request about it, predicts that storms in San Francisco, and throughout the Bay Area, could become 37% wetter by the end of this century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our infrastructure is not designed for these big storms, and we’re never going to really be able to design it to handle them,” said May, noting that the study stops short of recommending how the city should adapt its sewer system and water-related infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know how to solve this yet and that’s what’s scary for most of the folks I’ve been working with,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While San Francisco has its own unique challenges, May added, it’s among scores of coastal cities that are now being forced to address storm-related threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think any city is really in the shape to prepare for the storms that are coming,” May said. “It’s just going to be a big change that the country as a whole has to deal with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"more on climate adaptation\" tag=\"climate-change-adaptation\"]Unlike typical climate studies that cover larger geographic areas, this report focuses on only 3 kilometers (just under 2 miles), in an effort to identify which parts of the city are most vulnerable to flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It enables us to look at extreme weather in ways we hadn’t before,” said study co-author Michael Wehner, a senior scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. “If you use the old techniques, you’re underestimating how bad the future is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For San Francisco, that future periodically brings the heightened risk of intense flooding in a city with aging infrastructure that’s bordered by water on three sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The public needs to know that dangerous climate change is already here,” he said, pointing to the intense atmospheric river storms that battered the city earlier this year. “This is not our grandchildren’s problem or our children’s problem. It’s ours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to overall wetter conditions, the study predicts increasingly intense bursts of heavy rain during storms — up to two-thirds wetter by the end of the century — the type of brief torrents that can easily overwhelm sewer systems, swamp cars and cause significant property damage and even loss of life, said Michael Mak, a Pathways water resources engineer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco got a preview of that this winter, when massive amounts of rainfall in short periods left thousands without power, turned roads into rivers and downed scores of trees across the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the city does not adapt, “we’re going to see more events like we saw over the past few months, except it might be much more frequent than once every few decades and might be every other year, or it might be multiple times a season,” said Mak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Mak, San Francisco’s sewer system and flood infrastructure, designed to clean and push water out to the bay during storms, simply don’t have the capacity to handle the extreme influxes of water that are expected to become more frequent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first, it was like, ‘Wow, OK, these extreme storms are going to be much more extreme than what we’ve seen,’” said Brian Strong, San Francisco’s chief resilience officer. “Then this past year, we’ve seen some of that come true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strong, whose office helped commission the study, recognizes there are limits to how San Francisco can physically adapt its infrastructure to deal with substantially more rainfall. But he hopes the study will help guide future development decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t build streets without thinking about where the water is going to go,” he said. “We can’t completely engineer our way out of all of these things. So, we will have to work together and figure out how to do a better job capturing water and reducing runoff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New infrastructure, Strong said, can only help so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t make sense to keep building a bigger pipe if, ultimately, it’s still not going to be big enough,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The city will be hit by increasingly intense storms in the coming decades and needs to dramatically update its stormwater infrastructure to handle the deluge, according to a new city-funded report.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704845967,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":852},"headData":{"title":"San Francisco's Aging Infrastructure Isn't Ready for Its Wetter Future | KQED","description":"The city will be hit by increasingly intense storms in the coming decades and needs to dramatically update its stormwater infrastructure to handle the deluge, according to a new city-funded report.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"San Francisco's Aging Infrastructure Isn't Ready for Its Wetter Future","datePublished":"2023-07-08T21:23:57.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:19:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1983299/san-franciscos-aging-infrastructure-isnt-ready-for-its-wetter-future","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco’s future looks a whole lot wetter, thanks in part to human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s according to a new city-funded study that predicts that San Francisco will be hit by\u003ca href=\"https://sfpuc.org/about-us/reports/san-francisco-bay-area-precipitation-warmer-world\"> increasingly intense storms in the coming decades\u003c/a>, and needs to dramatically update its stormwater infrastructure to try to handle the deluge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re gonna see more areas that flood that have never flooded before,” said Kris May, founder of the Pathways Climate Institute, a San Francisco-based consulting firm, who helped lead the study. “I don’t think we have nomenclature anymore for what is coming with climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, which was released weeks after KQED filed a public records request about it, predicts that storms in San Francisco, and throughout the Bay Area, could become 37% wetter by the end of this century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our infrastructure is not designed for these big storms, and we’re never going to really be able to design it to handle them,” said May, noting that the study stops short of recommending how the city should adapt its sewer system and water-related infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know how to solve this yet and that’s what’s scary for most of the folks I’ve been working with,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While San Francisco has its own unique challenges, May added, it’s among scores of coastal cities that are now being forced to address storm-related threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think any city is really in the shape to prepare for the storms that are coming,” May said. “It’s just going to be a big change that the country as a whole has to deal with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"more on climate adaptation ","tag":"climate-change-adaptation"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Unlike typical climate studies that cover larger geographic areas, this report focuses on only 3 kilometers (just under 2 miles), in an effort to identify which parts of the city are most vulnerable to flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It enables us to look at extreme weather in ways we hadn’t before,” said study co-author Michael Wehner, a senior scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. “If you use the old techniques, you’re underestimating how bad the future is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For San Francisco, that future periodically brings the heightened risk of intense flooding in a city with aging infrastructure that’s bordered by water on three sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The public needs to know that dangerous climate change is already here,” he said, pointing to the intense atmospheric river storms that battered the city earlier this year. “This is not our grandchildren’s problem or our children’s problem. It’s ours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to overall wetter conditions, the study predicts increasingly intense bursts of heavy rain during storms — up to two-thirds wetter by the end of the century — the type of brief torrents that can easily overwhelm sewer systems, swamp cars and cause significant property damage and even loss of life, said Michael Mak, a Pathways water resources engineer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco got a preview of that this winter, when massive amounts of rainfall in short periods left thousands without power, turned roads into rivers and downed scores of trees across the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the city does not adapt, “we’re going to see more events like we saw over the past few months, except it might be much more frequent than once every few decades and might be every other year, or it might be multiple times a season,” said Mak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Mak, San Francisco’s sewer system and flood infrastructure, designed to clean and push water out to the bay during storms, simply don’t have the capacity to handle the extreme influxes of water that are expected to become more frequent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first, it was like, ‘Wow, OK, these extreme storms are going to be much more extreme than what we’ve seen,’” said Brian Strong, San Francisco’s chief resilience officer. “Then this past year, we’ve seen some of that come true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strong, whose office helped commission the study, recognizes there are limits to how San Francisco can physically adapt its infrastructure to deal with substantially more rainfall. But he hopes the study will help guide future development decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t build streets without thinking about where the water is going to go,” he said. “We can’t completely engineer our way out of all of these things. So, we will have to work together and figure out how to do a better job capturing water and reducing runoff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New infrastructure, Strong said, can only help so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t make sense to keep building a bigger pipe if, ultimately, it’s still not going to be big enough,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1983299/san-franciscos-aging-infrastructure-isnt-ready-for-its-wetter-future","authors":["11746"],"categories":["science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_194","science_1461","science_4414","science_2114","science_271","science_813","science_5183"],"featImg":"science_1983305","label":"science"},"science_1930451":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1930451","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1930451","score":null,"sort":[1535565657000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-hot-new-venue-for-summer-weddings-your-local-sewage-plant","title":"The Hot New Venue for Summer Weddings – Your Local Sewage Plant","publishDate":1535565657,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Hot New Venue for Summer Weddings – Your Local Sewage Plant | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Among the great variety of locations a couple might consider as their wedding venue, a sewage treatment plant probably would not rank highly. Yet weddings are happening at the Brightwater Treatment Plant near Maltby, Washington.[contextly_sidebar id=”rQxnceJoqJ3B0lRAcObWEcPRCXxm5C1a”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be precise, couples are booking the Brightwater Education and Community Center for their nuptials. Two dozen couples have tied the knot within the center’s striking contemporary architecture since 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a revolutionary complement to the utility’s basic sewage processing mission, offering lush gardens, forested hiking trails, a visitor center, rental halls, a commercial kitchen and a salmon-bearing stream fed by treated wastewater. All of it is open to the public as a park and museum-like interpretive facility, designed from the start to share the gospel of wastewater management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public facilities cost about $8 million, or less than 1 percent of the new treatment plant’s $1.8 billion cost. Both were completed in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brightwater is not the first or the only center of its kind in the West. A growing number of wastewater utilities are investing in public amenities in an effort to bring their work out of the shadows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They view it as a survival strategy: As recycled wastewater goes mainstream and decaying infrastructure demands expensive maintenance, they’ve decided Americans need to know more about what happens after they flush the toilet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re finding out that people are interested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The public has told us they value having an education center as part of the treatment system,” said Annie Kolb-Nelson, a King County spokesperson. “We want people to be connected to the water quality mission of our treatment facilities. We also want them to understand the wastewater process, because that can help them take actions at home that can help us better protect the environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930455\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930455\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-800x542.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-768x520.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-240x163.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-375x254.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-520x352.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A wedding party at the Brightwater Education and Community Center in King County, Washington. The facility was built adjacent to the county’s Brightwater wastewater treatment plant and has hosted 24 weddings since 2014. \u003ccite>(King County Wastewater Treatment Division)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">For decades, many wastewater treatment plants have offered guided tours for school classes and community groups. Some offer access by appointment to wetland habitats used for wastewater disposal.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">These new facilities are different. They have regular public hours during which visitors can drop in for an educational experience that may include hiking, picnicking or attending a special event.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“There are some people who would rather flush it and forget it. And that’s \u003cspan class=\"caps\">OK\u003c/span>,” said Ely O’Connor, who oversees education and outreach at \u003ca href=\"http://www.cleanwaterservices.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Clean Water Services\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, a wastewater treatment utility based in Hillsboro, Oregon. “We’re not trying to cram it down people’s throats. But there are a lot of other people that are interested, and we should offer as many opportunities to engage them as we can.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">O’Connor’s agency invites people to visit its \u003ca href=\"https://fernhillnts.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Fernhill Wetlands\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, a 700-acre park-like setting where wastewater is treated naturally in a complex of streams, ponds and wetlands before discharge to the Tualatin River. There’s a \u003cspan class=\"caps\">1.5\u003c/span>-mile trail network open to the public, with more trails in the works. The agency is also constructing a small education building, at a cost of $150,000, that will offer multimedia displays explaining the wastewater treatment process.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930456\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1930456\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-1020x723.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-1020x723.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-800x567.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-768x545.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-1200x851.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-1180x837.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-960x681.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-240x170.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-375x266.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-520x369.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors enjoy a stroll at Fernhill Wetlands, a natural wastewater treatment complex and trail network built by Clean Water Services in Forest Grove, Oregon. The utility is also building a small education center. \u003ccite>(Clean Water Services)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“Our big goal is for folks to understand the water cycle, and to realize there is only one water cycle,” O’Connor said. “All the water we are using is really all the water we will ever have, so it’s really important to be responsible with it. It takes all of us to be stewards of water, and there are lots of ways to do that.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">One of the first wastewater utilities to embrace this new mission was the \u003ca href=\"https://lottcleanwater.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cspan class=\"caps\">LOTT\u003c/span> Clean Water Alliance\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in Olympia, Washington. The agency’s name is an acronym that stands for the communities it serves: the cities of Lacey, Olympia, Tumwater and Thurston County. In 2010, it opened the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wetsciencecenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Water Education and Technology (\u003cspan class=\"caps\">WET\u003c/span>) Science Center\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, where interactive displays allow visitors to locate their own home in the sewage treatment network, then learn how their wastewater is cleaned and returned to the environment.[contextly_sidebar id=”sHuHREzc0hHiD6qkpCVWqtO7RBs9JAom”]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Its most remarkable feature is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wetsciencecenter.org/visit-us/play-at-the-plaza/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">East Bay Public Plaza\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, a constructed stream and wetland that flow with recycled wastewater. Visitors are invited to wade in the stream. It has become a popular destination for families, especially on hot summer days. Signs and artwork in the plaza educate visitors about the importance of clean water and the wastewater treatment process.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The plaza was built for $4 million in partnership with the city and port of Olympia.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“On a hot day, it’s like wall-to-wall people,” said spokesperson Joanne Lind. “We get tons of visitors and tons of kids coming to the stream and the museum.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The \u003cspan class=\"caps\">WET\u003c/span> Science Center draws about 17,000 visitors a year, Lind said. It was placed in the lobby of the agency’s new administration building, which carries a \u003cspan class=\"caps\">LEED\u003c/span> Platinum certification, recognized as the highest achievement in sustainable design and construction. The building cost $\u003cspan class=\"caps\">13.5\u003c/span> million, and the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">WET\u003c/span> Center accounted for about 10 percent of that.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The visitor appeal is helped by the fact that the building and stream are located next door to the \u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.hocm.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Hands On Children’s Museum\u003c/a>\u003c/span>, a nonprofit that promotes science and arts education.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We developed the plaza stream as a demonstration to help people gain acceptance of reclaimed water,” Lind said. “We want them to understand what we do and why treating wastewater is expensive. But we also try to share with them messages about what they can do to protect water quality.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">These facilities were all built in relatively affluent communities that already have other outstanding outdoor recreation available. But the newest in this genre is starting from a different place.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Later this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eastvalley.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">East Valley Water District\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in San Bernardino County, California, will start construction on its Sterling Natural Resource Center, a brand-new wastewater treatment plant. It will be built in the city of Highland, where the poverty rate is about 50 percent higher than the national average.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Historically, utilities often built their wastewater treatment plants in poor neighborhoods or out-of-the-way places, because it was assumed the public didn’t want to think about sewage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Rather than repeat that practice, East Valley set out to design the new plant as an asset for the community, said John Mura, the district’s general manager and chief executive. He believes the $140 million investment in the treatment plant is buying not just a sewage processing factory, but a catalyst for community improvement.[contextly_sidebar id=”epSCU75mdlCGVsMnzsA3OMEJOZ7DLjaw”]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It could have gone controversial,\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">” said Mura. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“But we had a community that was highly supportive of this. Instead of building something that you’re trying to hide behind walls, we’re actually going to make it the crown jewel of the community.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930457\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1930457 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-1020x495.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-1020x495.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-160x78.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-800x389.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-768x373.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-1200x583.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-1180x573.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-960x466.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-240x117.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-375x182.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-520x253.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1.jpg 1287w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A site plan for the Sterling Natural Resource Center in Highland, California, which the East Valley Water District will start building this fall. On the right is a new sewage treatment facility, and on the left is a new public park and community center. (Image Courtesy East Valley Water District) \u003ccite>(LOTT Clean Water Alliance)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Among other things, he hopes the facility becomes popular for weddings and regular events, like a weekly farmers\u003c/span>’ market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Indoor spaces will include a community center with meeting spaces available to rent, a catering kitchen and classrooms with computers and multimedia equipment. Rental fees for ratepayers will be nominal \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– just enough to cover custodial costs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Highland also has a shortage of public parks, and the new Sterling Natural Resource Center will help remedy that. The grounds will include an 8-acre public park, walking trails, an outdoor amphitheater and stage, native plant gardens and kiosks offering educational information about wastewater treatment.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Sewage treatment plants are required to include detention basins to hold treated wastewater in the event of a power outage or other disruption. Often these are ugly, industrial things. At the Sterling Center, the detention basin will be built as a landscaped pond with picnic platforms and boardwalks built over the water.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We live in the middle of the San Bernardino Valley. There’s no lakes or standing water anywhere,\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">” Mura said. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“So it will really create a nice ambience.\u003c/span>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930458\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1930458\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-1020x486.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"305\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-1020x486.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-160x76.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-800x381.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-768x366.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-1200x572.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-1180x563.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-960x458.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-240x114.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-375x179.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-520x248.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1.jpg 1296w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist’s rendering of the proposed Sterling Natural Resource Center in Highland, California, showing the community center and a pond to hold recycled wastewater. (East Valley Water District)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The project also represents a major step toward self-sufficiency for the community. Since its founding in 1954, the district has provided drinking water but not sewage treatment. Instead, it has conveyed raw wastewater to the city of San Bernardino, which does the treatment and disposal under contract.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">With the new Sterling Center, the district will begin treating its own wastewater. Instead of shipping it out of the community, the highly refined wastewater will be used to recharge groundwater, which provides about 75 percent of the community’s drinking water.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We saw this as an opportunity to insulate our community from future droughts,” said Mura. “If you’re going to spend $100 million and all people get is the ability to flush their toilet, are you really adding value to the community?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The entire project is being built at no more expense to ratepayers than what they currently pay the city of San Bernardino for wastewater treatment, Mura said. No rate increases will be necessary. And by treating its own wastewater, the district will gain more control over future rate increases.[contextly_sidebar id=”83K8e5kijc3GMyQ4yFNz2FiPdnK4Lt9J”]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The district also plans to use the facility to promote careers in water and wastewater management \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– a goal also cited by the other utilities interviewed here. The industry is graying, Mura said, with nearly half of current employees eligible for retirement within five years.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">At the Sterling Center, the East Valley Water District will partner with the local K-12 school district to launch a career training program. Students at Indian Springs High School \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– located across the street \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– will be able to take classes to qualify for state certification as water plant operators. The day they graduate from high school, they’ll be eligible for career-track jobs in the industry that come with health benefits, pensions and tuition assistance for a college degree.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">All these new programs and amenities \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– parks, meeting rooms, trails and classes \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– are expected to add only about 10 percent to the cost of the basic wastewater plant, Mura said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“For the last 100 years, the philosophy has been that wastewater is something people want out of their community as fast as possible,” said Mura. “But with advancements in technology and engineering \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– and for a little bit extra money \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– you can actually make it into a resource.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/08/29/the-hot-new-venue-for-summer-weddings-your-local-sewage-plant\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Wastewater treatment has always been hidden away, as nobody wanted to be near it. Now utility managers are inviting the community into their world by building parks, hiking trails and attractive spaces for special events.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927542,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":40,"wordCount":1991},"headData":{"title":"The Hot New Venue for Summer Weddings – Your Local Sewage Plant | KQED","description":"Wastewater treatment has always been hidden away, as nobody wanted to be near it. Now utility managers are inviting the community into their world by building parks, hiking trails and attractive spaces for special events.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Hot New Venue for Summer Weddings – Your Local Sewage Plant","datePublished":"2018-08-29T18:00:57.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T22:59:02.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Water","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Matt Weiser\u003cbr />Water Deeply","path":"/science/1930451/the-hot-new-venue-for-summer-weddings-your-local-sewage-plant","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Among the great variety of locations a couple might consider as their wedding venue, a sewage treatment plant probably would not rank highly. Yet weddings are happening at the Brightwater Treatment Plant near Maltby, Washington.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be precise, couples are booking the Brightwater Education and Community Center for their nuptials. Two dozen couples have tied the knot within the center’s striking contemporary architecture since 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a revolutionary complement to the utility’s basic sewage processing mission, offering lush gardens, forested hiking trails, a visitor center, rental halls, a commercial kitchen and a salmon-bearing stream fed by treated wastewater. All of it is open to the public as a park and museum-like interpretive facility, designed from the start to share the gospel of wastewater management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public facilities cost about $8 million, or less than 1 percent of the new treatment plant’s $1.8 billion cost. Both were completed in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brightwater is not the first or the only center of its kind in the West. A growing number of wastewater utilities are investing in public amenities in an effort to bring their work out of the shadows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They view it as a survival strategy: As recycled wastewater goes mainstream and decaying infrastructure demands expensive maintenance, they’ve decided Americans need to know more about what happens after they flush the toilet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re finding out that people are interested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The public has told us they value having an education center as part of the treatment system,” said Annie Kolb-Nelson, a King County spokesperson. “We want people to be connected to the water quality mission of our treatment facilities. We also want them to understand the wastewater process, because that can help them take actions at home that can help us better protect the environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930455\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930455\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-800x542.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-768x520.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-240x163.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-375x254.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/Wedding_One2-520x352.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A wedding party at the Brightwater Education and Community Center in King County, Washington. The facility was built adjacent to the county’s Brightwater wastewater treatment plant and has hosted 24 weddings since 2014. \u003ccite>(King County Wastewater Treatment Division)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">For decades, many wastewater treatment plants have offered guided tours for school classes and community groups. Some offer access by appointment to wetland habitats used for wastewater disposal.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">These new facilities are different. They have regular public hours during which visitors can drop in for an educational experience that may include hiking, picnicking or attending a special event.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“There are some people who would rather flush it and forget it. And that’s \u003cspan class=\"caps\">OK\u003c/span>,” said Ely O’Connor, who oversees education and outreach at \u003ca href=\"http://www.cleanwaterservices.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Clean Water Services\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, a wastewater treatment utility based in Hillsboro, Oregon. “We’re not trying to cram it down people’s throats. But there are a lot of other people that are interested, and we should offer as many opportunities to engage them as we can.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">O’Connor’s agency invites people to visit its \u003ca href=\"https://fernhillnts.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Fernhill Wetlands\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, a 700-acre park-like setting where wastewater is treated naturally in a complex of streams, ponds and wetlands before discharge to the Tualatin River. There’s a \u003cspan class=\"caps\">1.5\u003c/span>-mile trail network open to the public, with more trails in the works. The agency is also constructing a small education building, at a cost of $150,000, that will offer multimedia displays explaining the wastewater treatment process.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930456\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1930456\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-1020x723.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-1020x723.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-800x567.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-768x545.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-1200x851.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-1180x837.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-960x681.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-240x170.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-375x266.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011-520x369.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2F5A89011.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors enjoy a stroll at Fernhill Wetlands, a natural wastewater treatment complex and trail network built by Clean Water Services in Forest Grove, Oregon. The utility is also building a small education center. \u003ccite>(Clean Water Services)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“Our big goal is for folks to understand the water cycle, and to realize there is only one water cycle,” O’Connor said. “All the water we are using is really all the water we will ever have, so it’s really important to be responsible with it. It takes all of us to be stewards of water, and there are lots of ways to do that.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">One of the first wastewater utilities to embrace this new mission was the \u003ca href=\"https://lottcleanwater.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003cspan class=\"caps\">LOTT\u003c/span> Clean Water Alliance\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in Olympia, Washington. The agency’s name is an acronym that stands for the communities it serves: the cities of Lacey, Olympia, Tumwater and Thurston County. In 2010, it opened the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wetsciencecenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Water Education and Technology (\u003cspan class=\"caps\">WET\u003c/span>) Science Center\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, where interactive displays allow visitors to locate their own home in the sewage treatment network, then learn how their wastewater is cleaned and returned to the environment.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Its most remarkable feature is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wetsciencecenter.org/visit-us/play-at-the-plaza/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">East Bay Public Plaza\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, a constructed stream and wetland that flow with recycled wastewater. Visitors are invited to wade in the stream. It has become a popular destination for families, especially on hot summer days. Signs and artwork in the plaza educate visitors about the importance of clean water and the wastewater treatment process.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The plaza was built for $4 million in partnership with the city and port of Olympia.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“On a hot day, it’s like wall-to-wall people,” said spokesperson Joanne Lind. “We get tons of visitors and tons of kids coming to the stream and the museum.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The \u003cspan class=\"caps\">WET\u003c/span> Science Center draws about 17,000 visitors a year, Lind said. It was placed in the lobby of the agency’s new administration building, which carries a \u003cspan class=\"caps\">LEED\u003c/span> Platinum certification, recognized as the highest achievement in sustainable design and construction. The building cost $\u003cspan class=\"caps\">13.5\u003c/span> million, and the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">WET\u003c/span> Center accounted for about 10 percent of that.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The visitor appeal is helped by the fact that the building and stream are located next door to the \u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.hocm.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Hands On Children’s Museum\u003c/a>\u003c/span>, a nonprofit that promotes science and arts education.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We developed the plaza stream as a demonstration to help people gain acceptance of reclaimed water,” Lind said. “We want them to understand what we do and why treating wastewater is expensive. But we also try to share with them messages about what they can do to protect water quality.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">These facilities were all built in relatively affluent communities that already have other outstanding outdoor recreation available. But the newest in this genre is starting from a different place.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Later this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eastvalley.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">East Valley Water District\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in San Bernardino County, California, will start construction on its Sterling Natural Resource Center, a brand-new wastewater treatment plant. It will be built in the city of Highland, where the poverty rate is about 50 percent higher than the national average.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Historically, utilities often built their wastewater treatment plants in poor neighborhoods or out-of-the-way places, because it was assumed the public didn’t want to think about sewage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Rather than repeat that practice, East Valley set out to design the new plant as an asset for the community, said John Mura, the district’s general manager and chief executive. He believes the $140 million investment in the treatment plant is buying not just a sewage processing factory, but a catalyst for community improvement.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It could have gone controversial,\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">” said Mura. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“But we had a community that was highly supportive of this. Instead of building something that you’re trying to hide behind walls, we’re actually going to make it the crown jewel of the community.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930457\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1930457 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-1020x495.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-1020x495.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-160x78.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-800x389.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-768x373.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-1200x583.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-1180x573.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-960x466.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-240x117.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-375x182.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1-520x253.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/2018_07_26_EVWD_siteplan_updated_Reduced1.jpg 1287w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A site plan for the Sterling Natural Resource Center in Highland, California, which the East Valley Water District will start building this fall. On the right is a new sewage treatment facility, and on the left is a new public park and community center. (Image Courtesy East Valley Water District) \u003ccite>(LOTT Clean Water Alliance)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Among other things, he hopes the facility becomes popular for weddings and regular events, like a weekly farmers\u003c/span>’ market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Indoor spaces will include a community center with meeting spaces available to rent, a catering kitchen and classrooms with computers and multimedia equipment. Rental fees for ratepayers will be nominal \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– just enough to cover custodial costs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Highland also has a shortage of public parks, and the new Sterling Natural Resource Center will help remedy that. The grounds will include an 8-acre public park, walking trails, an outdoor amphitheater and stage, native plant gardens and kiosks offering educational information about wastewater treatment.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Sewage treatment plants are required to include detention basins to hold treated wastewater in the event of a power outage or other disruption. Often these are ugly, industrial things. At the Sterling Center, the detention basin will be built as a landscaped pond with picnic platforms and boardwalks built over the water.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We live in the middle of the San Bernardino Valley. There’s no lakes or standing water anywhere,\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">” Mura said. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“So it will really create a nice ambience.\u003c/span>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930458\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1930458\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-1020x486.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"305\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-1020x486.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-160x76.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-800x381.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-768x366.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-1200x572.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-1180x563.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-960x458.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-240x114.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-375x179.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1-520x248.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/EVWD-SNRC10_Reduced1.jpg 1296w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist’s rendering of the proposed Sterling Natural Resource Center in Highland, California, showing the community center and a pond to hold recycled wastewater. (East Valley Water District)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The project also represents a major step toward self-sufficiency for the community. Since its founding in 1954, the district has provided drinking water but not sewage treatment. Instead, it has conveyed raw wastewater to the city of San Bernardino, which does the treatment and disposal under contract.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">With the new Sterling Center, the district will begin treating its own wastewater. Instead of shipping it out of the community, the highly refined wastewater will be used to recharge groundwater, which provides about 75 percent of the community’s drinking water.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We saw this as an opportunity to insulate our community from future droughts,” said Mura. “If you’re going to spend $100 million and all people get is the ability to flush their toilet, are you really adding value to the community?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The entire project is being built at no more expense to ratepayers than what they currently pay the city of San Bernardino for wastewater treatment, Mura said. No rate increases will be necessary. And by treating its own wastewater, the district will gain more control over future rate increases.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The district also plans to use the facility to promote careers in water and wastewater management \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– a goal also cited by the other utilities interviewed here. The industry is graying, Mura said, with nearly half of current employees eligible for retirement within five years.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">At the Sterling Center, the East Valley Water District will partner with the local K-12 school district to launch a career training program. Students at Indian Springs High School \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– located across the street \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– will be able to take classes to qualify for state certification as water plant operators. The day they graduate from high school, they’ll be eligible for career-track jobs in the industry that come with health benefits, pensions and tuition assistance for a college degree.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">All these new programs and amenities \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– parks, meeting rooms, trails and classes \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– are expected to add only about 10 percent to the cost of the basic wastewater plant, Mura said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“For the last 100 years, the philosophy has been that wastewater is something people want out of their community as fast as possible,” said Mura. “But with advancements in technology and engineering \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– and for a little bit extra money \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">– you can actually make it into a resource.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/08/29/the-hot-new-venue-for-summer-weddings-your-local-sewage-plant\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1930451/the-hot-new-venue-for-summer-weddings-your-local-sewage-plant","authors":["byline_science_1930451"],"categories":["science_35","science_37","science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_271","science_201"],"featImg":"science_1930460","label":"source_science_1930451"},"science_1924854":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1924854","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1924854","score":null,"sort":[1527876052000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"1924854","title":"California To Spend $768M On Electric Vehicle Infrastructure","publishDate":1527876052,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California To Spend $768M On Electric Vehicle Infrastructure | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>California utilities will invest nearly $768 million to expand a network of charging stations and build other infrastructure for electric vehicles as the state moves toward a goal of 5 million zero-emission cars on the roads by 2030.[contextly_sidebar id=”8Otz20GKvE2W2ODwNEDfFvBarpZObIqX”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission voted 5-0 Thursday to pay for programs statewide over the next five years, with an emphasis on establishing facilities in disadvantaged communities where traffic and air pollution are often heaviest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The funding includes $136 million by San Diego Gas & Electric Co. to provide rebates for as many as 60,000 customers to install home charging stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Gas & Electric will build 230 direct current fast-charging stations, for a total of nearly $22.5 million. And PG&E and Southern California Edison will spend a combined $580 million to support the electrification of almost 15,000 medium- and heavy-duty vehicles including transit and school buses, semi-trucks, forklifts and cargo equipment at ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we’re successful with this and other electrification efforts already underway, much of the nation will likely follow California’s lead,” said CPUC Commissioner Carla J. Peterman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utilities initially asked for $1 billion to implement the projects. After a series of workshops and hearings, the CPUC decided on a budget of approximately $738 million, with an additional $29.5 million for program evaluation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overall plan is a result of a 2016 CPUC order directing utilities to submit applications proposing projects aimed at accelerating transportation electrification across all sectors, from light-duty passenger cars to medium- and heavy-duty fleet, transit and freight vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edison’s Katie Sloan estimated its projects would lead to a monthly bill increase for customers of about 50 cents over a few years. After that, she said, ratepayers will see their bills steadily drop as the infrastructure is completed.[contextly_sidebar id=”MURzGbfzpuBlzEbCG9L6iEyWDNtxBSPO”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E and SDGE did not immediately have estimates for whether their plans would increase monthly bills for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown in January outlined a $2.5 billion proposal to help Californians buy electric vehicles as part of a long-term plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Currently there are about 350,000 zero-emission vehicles on California roads; Brown wants that number to grow 15-fold over the next dozen years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic governor has positioned California as a global leader in fighting climate change amid President Donald Trump’s decision to pull the U.S. out of the Paris climate accord.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The new program will be rolled out over the next 5 years, with an emphasis on establishing facilities in disadvantaged communities where traffic and air pollution are often heaviest.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927863,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":430},"headData":{"title":"California To Spend $768M On Electric Vehicle Infrastructure | KQED","description":"The new program will be rolled out over the next 5 years, with an emphasis on establishing facilities in disadvantaged communities where traffic and air pollution are often heaviest.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California To Spend $768M On Electric Vehicle Infrastructure","datePublished":"2018-06-01T18:00:52.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:04:23.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Environment","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Christopher Weber\u003cbr />The Associated Press","path":"/science/1924854/1924854","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California utilities will invest nearly $768 million to expand a network of charging stations and build other infrastructure for electric vehicles as the state moves toward a goal of 5 million zero-emission cars on the roads by 2030.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission voted 5-0 Thursday to pay for programs statewide over the next five years, with an emphasis on establishing facilities in disadvantaged communities where traffic and air pollution are often heaviest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The funding includes $136 million by San Diego Gas & Electric Co. to provide rebates for as many as 60,000 customers to install home charging stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Gas & Electric will build 230 direct current fast-charging stations, for a total of nearly $22.5 million. And PG&E and Southern California Edison will spend a combined $580 million to support the electrification of almost 15,000 medium- and heavy-duty vehicles including transit and school buses, semi-trucks, forklifts and cargo equipment at ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we’re successful with this and other electrification efforts already underway, much of the nation will likely follow California’s lead,” said CPUC Commissioner Carla J. Peterman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utilities initially asked for $1 billion to implement the projects. After a series of workshops and hearings, the CPUC decided on a budget of approximately $738 million, with an additional $29.5 million for program evaluation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overall plan is a result of a 2016 CPUC order directing utilities to submit applications proposing projects aimed at accelerating transportation electrification across all sectors, from light-duty passenger cars to medium- and heavy-duty fleet, transit and freight vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edison’s Katie Sloan estimated its projects would lead to a monthly bill increase for customers of about 50 cents over a few years. After that, she said, ratepayers will see their bills steadily drop as the infrastructure is completed.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E and SDGE did not immediately have estimates for whether their plans would increase monthly bills for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown in January outlined a $2.5 billion proposal to help Californians buy electric vehicles as part of a long-term plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Currently there are about 350,000 zero-emission vehicles on California roads; Brown wants that number to grow 15-fold over the next dozen years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic governor has positioned California as a global leader in fighting climate change amid President Donald Trump’s decision to pull the U.S. out of the Paris climate accord.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1924854/1924854","authors":["byline_science_1924854"],"categories":["science_31","science_35","science_3151","science_3424","science_40"],"tags":["science_505","science_182","science_3028","science_1133","science_192","science_271"],"featImg":"science_1924865","label":"source_science_1924854"},"science_1922856":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1922856","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1922856","score":null,"sort":[1524171627000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-california-water-suppliers-are-getting-earthquake-ready","title":"How California Water Suppliers Are Getting Earthquake-Ready","publishDate":1524171627,"format":"standard","headTitle":"How California Water Suppliers Are Getting Earthquake-Ready | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"start\">As is often \u003c/span>said, it’s not a matter of if, but of when, a large earthquake strikes the heart of one of California’s most densely populated regions. State officials and local agencies know the clock is ticking, and mile by mile, pipe by pipe, work crews are replacing or retrofitting water lines throughout much of the Los Angeles and San Francisco Bay areas. Upgrades have also been made in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, the heart of the state’s water distribution system, where potential levee ruptures have made water officials uneasy for decades.[contextly_sidebar id=”eCyZJgsECfXTErNlRtmykxjLXaQjXZXR”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Andreas Fault, which generated the 1906 (\u003cspan class=\"caps\">7.9\u003c/span> magnitude) and the 1989 (\u003cspan class=\"caps\">6.9\u003c/span> magnitude) Bay Area earthquakes, could potentially produce a quake greater than \u003cspan class=\"caps\">8.0.\u003c/span> However, the Hayward Fault is widely considered the greater threat at this moment in geologic time. Scientists consider a \u003cspan class=\"caps\">7.0\u003c/span> magnitude quake to be the largest likely to occur on the Hayward Fault, an offshoot of the San Andreas that runs through San Jose, Oakland, Berkeley and Richmond. The Hayward Fault hasn’t slipped significantly since 1868, and experts say it’s overdue for the proverbial “Big One.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the historical and global context, \u003cspan class=\"caps\">7.0\u003c/span> isn’t huge, but if it strikes a heavily populated area, the damage could be significant. About 5,000 water connections that cross the Hayward Fault, as well as several critical water mains, could potentially be sheared in half by a powerful temblor, according to Richard Sykes, director of natural resources for the East Bay Municipal Utility District. That’s just within East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span>’s service area. San Francisco’s water supply, sourced from Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park, also travels through large pipes that cross major East Bay fault zones. Several of its reservoirs, including Crystal Springs, San Andreas and Calaveras, sit literally on the San Andreas and Calaveras faults, with the water actually contained within the linear depressions created by these tectonic plate boundaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sort of a joke here that two of our reservoirs are named after faults,” said Steven Ritchie, the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission’s assistant general manager for water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”WuFTiINrd9wn9bgSlpCxrEE9cPxlt4ro”]To protect the water supply of their collective 4 million customers, both East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span> and the San Francisco \u003cspan class=\"caps\">PUC\u003c/span> have protected their water mains with clever engineering systems that allow the earth to shift around the pipes, which range from 6 to 9ft in diameter, without damaging them. One of the San Francisco \u003cspan class=\"caps\">PUC\u003c/span>’s major pipes is fitted with ball joints and slip joints that allow the steel-lined tube to shift and move without breaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco \u003cspan class=\"caps\">PUC\u003c/span>’s ongoing upgrades are part of the $\u003cspan class=\"caps\">4.8\u003c/span> billion Regional Management Program, of which a key element is major seismic upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span>’s major supply pipes, critical sections in high-risk fault zones have been retrofitted so they can shift and flex within spacious concrete tunnels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The pipe is on rollers so that when that offset occurs, it can move with the shifting earth,” said Andrea Pook, an East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span> spokesperson, referring to a 2,000ft section of pipeline bored through the East Bay Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That tunnel could actually shear, but without shearing the pipe itself,” Sykes added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the unlikely event that the main water line is ruptured, East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span>keeps a six-month supply of reservoir water ready on the west side of the hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Southern California, the Metropolitan Water District also has a six-month backup supply of water at hand, stored in reservoirs on the west side of the San Andreas Fault.[contextly_sidebar id=”epfspCdbJrK0CccGJFSslKijOVxyIufO”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That will buy us time to make any necessary repairs,” said Gordon Johnson, Metropolitan’s chief engineer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said his district began seriously seismically upgrading reservoirs, dams and various structures following the San Fernando earthquake of 1971, an early morning \u003cspan class=\"caps\">6.7\u003c/span> magnitude quake that tore the region apart, killing 64 people and destroying freeways, sewer lines and thousands of buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, he said, the agency – which delivers water to about 12 million people – is working on strengthening canals, aqueducts and pipelines. The district, in conjunction with the California Department of Water Resources and the City of Los Angeles, has formed a “seismic task force” that is currently identifying weak spots in the local water supply system and developing emergency response plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The preparations include stockpiling repair equipment and materials near likely rupture locations on numerous local faults. And two projects now in the works aim to seismically protect the Colorado River Aqueduct, as well as a 7ft-wide pipe that delivers treated water to several million people north of Long Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government also has its eye on California and its shifting tectonic plates. The \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.S.\u003c/span> Bureau of Reclamation has seismically retrofitted seven dams, according to Steve Melavic, the agency’s mid-Pacific region chief engineer. More upgrades, he said, are in the works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”B8EwpisdAimFkWYYr3VFxGpG3jLdGX1k”]Meanwhile, the California Division of Safety of Dams has mandated extensive upgrades to dams. Over the past two decades, inspections by the state agency – a branch of the Department of Water Resources – have resulted in dam owners spending more than $\u003cspan class=\"caps\">1.5\u003c/span> billion on repairing and upgrading dams to protect them from seismic risks, according to Erin Mellon, a spokesperson with the Department of Water Resources. Experts with her agency were unavailable for a phone interview, and questions sent via email about seismic upgrades in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta were not answered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Sykes at East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span>, the Department of Water Resources has provided his district with a $35 million grant to upgrade Delta levees that specifically protect the Mokelumne Aqueduct, which passes through the estuary. Sykes said upgrades to levees are generally made in accordance to the standards of the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.S.\u003c/span> Army Corps of Engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of California, Los Angeles, Scott Brandenberg, a professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, has extensively studied the delta and its levees. He said the earthen barriers, which protect and contain more than 1,000 maze-like miles of critical water supply channels, are not threatened as much by the Hayward and San Andreas faults as they are by more localized ones like the Dunnigan Hills Fault, the Gordon Valley Fault and the Midland Fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These faults wouldn’t be capable of producing a \u003cspan class=\"caps\">7.8\u003c/span> earthquake, like the San Andreas, but they could still cause strong shaking and serious damage,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One or more levee ruptures in the Delta could potentially flood freshwater supplies with saltwater – which would be a disaster for the state. These levees are vulnerable for a variety of reasons. For one, Brandenberg said, many were built on peat, which is soft and can become more so during an earthquake. In places, the levees are built of sand, which can essentially liquefy during intense shaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think any improvements to these levees have made them earthquake-proof,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All in all, he said, the system is very fragile. In fact, the Delta’s vulnerability to earthquake damage is among the main arguments for building the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/03/09/california-fish-experts-delta-tunnels-could-help-save-native-species\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">controversial Delta tunnels\u003c/a>. This system would move water under the Delta and connect it to the pumps at the south edge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">“It’s much easier to protect and maintain a system like that,” Brandenberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/04/19/how-california-water-suppliers-are-getting-earthquake-ready\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The state's water suppliers have been working to reform key infrastructure, but vulnerabilities remain.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927982,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":26,"wordCount":1351},"headData":{"title":"How California Water Suppliers Are Getting Earthquake-Ready | KQED","description":"The state's water suppliers have been working to reform key infrastructure, but vulnerabilities remain.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How California Water Suppliers Are Getting Earthquake-Ready","datePublished":"2018-04-19T21:00:27.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:06:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Water","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Alastair Bland\u003cbr />Water Deeply","path":"/science/1922856/how-california-water-suppliers-are-getting-earthquake-ready","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"start\">As is often \u003c/span>said, it’s not a matter of if, but of when, a large earthquake strikes the heart of one of California’s most densely populated regions. State officials and local agencies know the clock is ticking, and mile by mile, pipe by pipe, work crews are replacing or retrofitting water lines throughout much of the Los Angeles and San Francisco Bay areas. Upgrades have also been made in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, the heart of the state’s water distribution system, where potential levee ruptures have made water officials uneasy for decades.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Andreas Fault, which generated the 1906 (\u003cspan class=\"caps\">7.9\u003c/span> magnitude) and the 1989 (\u003cspan class=\"caps\">6.9\u003c/span> magnitude) Bay Area earthquakes, could potentially produce a quake greater than \u003cspan class=\"caps\">8.0.\u003c/span> However, the Hayward Fault is widely considered the greater threat at this moment in geologic time. Scientists consider a \u003cspan class=\"caps\">7.0\u003c/span> magnitude quake to be the largest likely to occur on the Hayward Fault, an offshoot of the San Andreas that runs through San Jose, Oakland, Berkeley and Richmond. The Hayward Fault hasn’t slipped significantly since 1868, and experts say it’s overdue for the proverbial “Big One.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the historical and global context, \u003cspan class=\"caps\">7.0\u003c/span> isn’t huge, but if it strikes a heavily populated area, the damage could be significant. About 5,000 water connections that cross the Hayward Fault, as well as several critical water mains, could potentially be sheared in half by a powerful temblor, according to Richard Sykes, director of natural resources for the East Bay Municipal Utility District. That’s just within East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span>’s service area. San Francisco’s water supply, sourced from Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park, also travels through large pipes that cross major East Bay fault zones. Several of its reservoirs, including Crystal Springs, San Andreas and Calaveras, sit literally on the San Andreas and Calaveras faults, with the water actually contained within the linear depressions created by these tectonic plate boundaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sort of a joke here that two of our reservoirs are named after faults,” said Steven Ritchie, the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission’s assistant general manager for water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>To protect the water supply of their collective 4 million customers, both East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span> and the San Francisco \u003cspan class=\"caps\">PUC\u003c/span> have protected their water mains with clever engineering systems that allow the earth to shift around the pipes, which range from 6 to 9ft in diameter, without damaging them. One of the San Francisco \u003cspan class=\"caps\">PUC\u003c/span>’s major pipes is fitted with ball joints and slip joints that allow the steel-lined tube to shift and move without breaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco \u003cspan class=\"caps\">PUC\u003c/span>’s ongoing upgrades are part of the $\u003cspan class=\"caps\">4.8\u003c/span> billion Regional Management Program, of which a key element is major seismic upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span>’s major supply pipes, critical sections in high-risk fault zones have been retrofitted so they can shift and flex within spacious concrete tunnels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The pipe is on rollers so that when that offset occurs, it can move with the shifting earth,” said Andrea Pook, an East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span> spokesperson, referring to a 2,000ft section of pipeline bored through the East Bay Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That tunnel could actually shear, but without shearing the pipe itself,” Sykes added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the unlikely event that the main water line is ruptured, East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span>keeps a six-month supply of reservoir water ready on the west side of the hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Southern California, the Metropolitan Water District also has a six-month backup supply of water at hand, stored in reservoirs on the west side of the San Andreas Fault.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That will buy us time to make any necessary repairs,” said Gordon Johnson, Metropolitan’s chief engineer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said his district began seriously seismically upgrading reservoirs, dams and various structures following the San Fernando earthquake of 1971, an early morning \u003cspan class=\"caps\">6.7\u003c/span> magnitude quake that tore the region apart, killing 64 people and destroying freeways, sewer lines and thousands of buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, he said, the agency – which delivers water to about 12 million people – is working on strengthening canals, aqueducts and pipelines. The district, in conjunction with the California Department of Water Resources and the City of Los Angeles, has formed a “seismic task force” that is currently identifying weak spots in the local water supply system and developing emergency response plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The preparations include stockpiling repair equipment and materials near likely rupture locations on numerous local faults. And two projects now in the works aim to seismically protect the Colorado River Aqueduct, as well as a 7ft-wide pipe that delivers treated water to several million people north of Long Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government also has its eye on California and its shifting tectonic plates. The \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.S.\u003c/span> Bureau of Reclamation has seismically retrofitted seven dams, according to Steve Melavic, the agency’s mid-Pacific region chief engineer. More upgrades, he said, are in the works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Meanwhile, the California Division of Safety of Dams has mandated extensive upgrades to dams. Over the past two decades, inspections by the state agency – a branch of the Department of Water Resources – have resulted in dam owners spending more than $\u003cspan class=\"caps\">1.5\u003c/span> billion on repairing and upgrading dams to protect them from seismic risks, according to Erin Mellon, a spokesperson with the Department of Water Resources. Experts with her agency were unavailable for a phone interview, and questions sent via email about seismic upgrades in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta were not answered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Sykes at East Bay \u003cspan class=\"caps\">MUD\u003c/span>, the Department of Water Resources has provided his district with a $35 million grant to upgrade Delta levees that specifically protect the Mokelumne Aqueduct, which passes through the estuary. Sykes said upgrades to levees are generally made in accordance to the standards of the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.S.\u003c/span> Army Corps of Engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of California, Los Angeles, Scott Brandenberg, a professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, has extensively studied the delta and its levees. He said the earthen barriers, which protect and contain more than 1,000 maze-like miles of critical water supply channels, are not threatened as much by the Hayward and San Andreas faults as they are by more localized ones like the Dunnigan Hills Fault, the Gordon Valley Fault and the Midland Fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These faults wouldn’t be capable of producing a \u003cspan class=\"caps\">7.8\u003c/span> earthquake, like the San Andreas, but they could still cause strong shaking and serious damage,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One or more levee ruptures in the Delta could potentially flood freshwater supplies with saltwater – which would be a disaster for the state. These levees are vulnerable for a variety of reasons. For one, Brandenberg said, many were built on peat, which is soft and can become more so during an earthquake. In places, the levees are built of sand, which can essentially liquefy during intense shaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think any improvements to these levees have made them earthquake-proof,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All in all, he said, the system is very fragile. In fact, the Delta’s vulnerability to earthquake damage is among the main arguments for building the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/03/09/california-fish-experts-delta-tunnels-could-help-save-native-species\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">controversial Delta tunnels\u003c/a>. This system would move water under the Delta and connect it to the pumps at the south edge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">“It’s much easier to protect and maintain a system like that,” Brandenberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/04/19/how-california-water-suppliers-are-getting-earthquake-ready\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1922856/how-california-water-suppliers-are-getting-earthquake-ready","authors":["byline_science_1922856"],"categories":["science_35","science_37","science_38","science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_5178","science_257","science_192","science_271","science_201"],"featImg":"science_1922866","label":"source_science_1922856"},"science_24877":{"type":"posts","id":"science_24877","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"24877","score":null,"sort":[1418328985000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"l-a-s-resilience-by-design-lays-out-ambitious-earthquake-infrastructure-plan","title":"L.A.'s \"Resilience By Design\" Report Lays Out Ambitious Earthquake Infrastructure Plan","publishDate":1418328985,"format":"aside","headTitle":"L.A.’s “Resilience By Design” Report Lays Out Ambitious Earthquake Infrastructure Plan | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24878\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/softstorynorthridge.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24878\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/softstorynorthridge.jpg\" alt=\"Soft-story building in Northridge, Calif.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This soft-story apartment building collapsed during the Northridge earthquake of January 17, 1994. A Los Angeles city task force has outlined new efforts to retrofit such buildings before a truly major earthquake in Southern California. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazardimages/picture/show/373\">J. Dewey, USGS/NOAA\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last year, Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti established a Seismic Safety Task Force, chaired by his Science Advisor for Seismic Safety, Dr. Lucy Jones, and gave the group a year to create a plan to tackle the city’s most important earthquake threats. \u003ca href=\"http://www.lamayor.org/earthquake\">Published this week\u003c/a>, the Task Force’s report “Resilience by Design” promises to set in motion a program of activities as momentous as anything in state history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force started with the ShakeOut earthquake scenario, a scientific model that calculates as closely as possible what an earthquake the size of the one that struck San Francisco in 1906—a magnitude 7.8 event—would do if it hit Southern California today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There would be about 1800 deaths, which is a very small number compared to the 88,000 who died in 2008 in Chengdu, China (M 7.9) or the 200,000-plus in Haiti in 2010 (M 7.0). Good building codes have reduced the risk to lives in California. But the report also measures catastrophe in dollars and jobs and economic destruction: “$213 billion of economic losses across Southern California, consisting of: $47.7 billion due to shaking damage; $65 billion due to fire damage; $96.2 billion due to business interruption costs; and $4.3 billion due to traffic delays.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force’s major recommendations aim at the city’s weakest weak points: water, communications and buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>WATER:\u003c/b> The report estimates that 1600 fires would start after its scenario earthquake. The aqueducts that carry water to Los Angeles cross the San Andreas fault in no less than 32 places. Getting them flowing again would take at least a year. Naturally the report recommends fortifying them all. And backup water sources, ranging from recycling and rainwater capture to refurbishing the San Fernando Valley’s groundwater basin, have valuable parts to play. Because firefighting doesn’t need drinking-quality water, alternative supplies for that purpose can help spare the best water for other purposes, like drinking and making a living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>COMMUNICATIONS:\u003c/b> Our lives rely on television, radio, phones, data connections. The electric power grid also crosses the San Andreas (as do the gas lines that support generators), and it’s run by a crazy-quilt of agencies. The report recommends that the city join those agencies in a consortium to work out plans in advance for broken power lines and cascading failures across the grid. Cellular towers need to be fortified as opportunities come up. And as a backup to everything, there should be a citywide, solar-powered Wi-Fi system (which would piggyback on the upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://ita.lacity.org/ForResidents/CommunityBroadband/LACBNProject/index.htm\">Los Angeles Community Broadbank Network\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>BUILDINGS:\u003c/b> Because “no building code in the world is retroactive,” the report says that the greatest losses would come from two classes of structures built before 1980 under old building codes: about 16,000 “soft-story” buildings and about 1400 “non-ductile” reinforced concrete buildings. Soft-story buildings are wood-frame structures with big open spaces (usually parking or shops) on their ground floors. Apartments in these buildings are subject to rent stabilization, and they house a sizeable population. Pre-1980 concrete buildings, which aren’t tied together with enough steel to withstand strong shaking, are described in the report as “among the deadliest buildings in earthquakes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All Angelenos, collectively, should care about these buildings because each one that fails can get the whole neighborhood red-tagged, sometimes for weeks. And retrofitting them for greater strength is a well-known procedure. The report contains suggested legislation that would require the owners of soft-story buildings to document them (by reporting that they have or haven’t been fixed) within 1 year and fix them within 5 years, and that concrete buildings be documented within 5 years and fixed within 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Somehow we must encourage the owners of these and other building types to keep improving them beyond the minimum. The report recommends a \u003ca href=\"http://www.usrc.org/rating-definitions\">proposed five-star rating system\u003c/a> to clarify everyone’s understanding. One-star buildings would be deadly; three-star buildings meet code and would not kill you, although they may well be a total loss anyway; and five-star buildings have the most advanced designs and would likely stay usable. Such a “safety star” rating should become as widely known as the LEED “green building” ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The steps recommended for water and communications are no surprise. They’ll be expensive, but they’re good subjects for bonds and federal funding, and the work can be done with expertise and oversight. However, the recommendations for buildings will touch the general public, and the necessary costs will surely concern different parties. Can landlords make their tenants pay for the retrofits? Will businesses pay higher rents for stronger buildings? There will be efforts to issue bonds and proposals to extend loans. Settling these matters in ways everyone can accept is what politics is for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will help to remember what’s at stake. Recall what happened to New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, its “big one,” in 2005. Not only did it take an immediate $100 billion hit in damages, but over 200,000 residents moved away and haven’t come back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Image1.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24879\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Image1.png\" alt=\"New Orleans after Katrina\" width=\"600\" height=\"404\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lucy Jones uses this graph in her talks to show that natural disasters can cripple a great city for decades. Unlike Nashville, a city of comparable economic strength, New Orleans has fallen and is still struggling to get up. The international insurer Swiss Re has estimated that Los Angeles presents a colossal risk of catastrophic losses from earthquakes, surpassed only by Tokyo, Manila and Jakarta. (USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now consider Los Angeles, many times larger—can we risk such a fate for America’s second largest city? Recall what happened to San Francisco in 1906, at the time America’s sixth-largest city—the effects of its “big one” led directly to the nationwide recession and financial crisis of 1907.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program laid out in “Resilience by Design” is aimed at building resilience—flexible strength—against those kinds of threats. The report is the first step in “a new proactive science-based approach toward resilience” and will get close attention in Northern California, in Sacramento, and (one hopes) in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles is part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.100resilientcities.org/\">100 Resilient Cities project\u003c/a>. So are \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/12/05/four-bay-area-cities-selected-as-future-models-of-resilience/\">San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The just-released seismic resiliency plan for Los Angeles goes beyond just saving lives; it hopes to ensure that the nation's second-largest city will still work after a magnitude 7.8 earthquake.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704932525,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":1135},"headData":{"title":"L.A.'s \"Resilience By Design\" Report Lays Out Ambitious Earthquake Infrastructure Plan | KQED","description":"The just-released seismic resiliency plan for Los Angeles goes beyond just saving lives; it hopes to ensure that the nation's second-largest city will still work after a magnitude 7.8 earthquake.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"L.A.'s \"Resilience By Design\" Report Lays Out Ambitious Earthquake Infrastructure Plan","datePublished":"2014-12-11T20:16:25.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T00:22:05.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/24877/l-a-s-resilience-by-design-lays-out-ambitious-earthquake-infrastructure-plan","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24878\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/softstorynorthridge.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24878\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/softstorynorthridge.jpg\" alt=\"Soft-story building in Northridge, Calif.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This soft-story apartment building collapsed during the Northridge earthquake of January 17, 1994. A Los Angeles city task force has outlined new efforts to retrofit such buildings before a truly major earthquake in Southern California. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazardimages/picture/show/373\">J. Dewey, USGS/NOAA\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last year, Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti established a Seismic Safety Task Force, chaired by his Science Advisor for Seismic Safety, Dr. Lucy Jones, and gave the group a year to create a plan to tackle the city’s most important earthquake threats. \u003ca href=\"http://www.lamayor.org/earthquake\">Published this week\u003c/a>, the Task Force’s report “Resilience by Design” promises to set in motion a program of activities as momentous as anything in state history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force started with the ShakeOut earthquake scenario, a scientific model that calculates as closely as possible what an earthquake the size of the one that struck San Francisco in 1906—a magnitude 7.8 event—would do if it hit Southern California today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There would be about 1800 deaths, which is a very small number compared to the 88,000 who died in 2008 in Chengdu, China (M 7.9) or the 200,000-plus in Haiti in 2010 (M 7.0). Good building codes have reduced the risk to lives in California. But the report also measures catastrophe in dollars and jobs and economic destruction: “$213 billion of economic losses across Southern California, consisting of: $47.7 billion due to shaking damage; $65 billion due to fire damage; $96.2 billion due to business interruption costs; and $4.3 billion due to traffic delays.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force’s major recommendations aim at the city’s weakest weak points: water, communications and buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>WATER:\u003c/b> The report estimates that 1600 fires would start after its scenario earthquake. The aqueducts that carry water to Los Angeles cross the San Andreas fault in no less than 32 places. Getting them flowing again would take at least a year. Naturally the report recommends fortifying them all. And backup water sources, ranging from recycling and rainwater capture to refurbishing the San Fernando Valley’s groundwater basin, have valuable parts to play. Because firefighting doesn’t need drinking-quality water, alternative supplies for that purpose can help spare the best water for other purposes, like drinking and making a living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>COMMUNICATIONS:\u003c/b> Our lives rely on television, radio, phones, data connections. The electric power grid also crosses the San Andreas (as do the gas lines that support generators), and it’s run by a crazy-quilt of agencies. The report recommends that the city join those agencies in a consortium to work out plans in advance for broken power lines and cascading failures across the grid. Cellular towers need to be fortified as opportunities come up. And as a backup to everything, there should be a citywide, solar-powered Wi-Fi system (which would piggyback on the upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://ita.lacity.org/ForResidents/CommunityBroadband/LACBNProject/index.htm\">Los Angeles Community Broadbank Network\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>BUILDINGS:\u003c/b> Because “no building code in the world is retroactive,” the report says that the greatest losses would come from two classes of structures built before 1980 under old building codes: about 16,000 “soft-story” buildings and about 1400 “non-ductile” reinforced concrete buildings. Soft-story buildings are wood-frame structures with big open spaces (usually parking or shops) on their ground floors. Apartments in these buildings are subject to rent stabilization, and they house a sizeable population. Pre-1980 concrete buildings, which aren’t tied together with enough steel to withstand strong shaking, are described in the report as “among the deadliest buildings in earthquakes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All Angelenos, collectively, should care about these buildings because each one that fails can get the whole neighborhood red-tagged, sometimes for weeks. And retrofitting them for greater strength is a well-known procedure. The report contains suggested legislation that would require the owners of soft-story buildings to document them (by reporting that they have or haven’t been fixed) within 1 year and fix them within 5 years, and that concrete buildings be documented within 5 years and fixed within 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Somehow we must encourage the owners of these and other building types to keep improving them beyond the minimum. The report recommends a \u003ca href=\"http://www.usrc.org/rating-definitions\">proposed five-star rating system\u003c/a> to clarify everyone’s understanding. One-star buildings would be deadly; three-star buildings meet code and would not kill you, although they may well be a total loss anyway; and five-star buildings have the most advanced designs and would likely stay usable. Such a “safety star” rating should become as widely known as the LEED “green building” ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The steps recommended for water and communications are no surprise. They’ll be expensive, but they’re good subjects for bonds and federal funding, and the work can be done with expertise and oversight. However, the recommendations for buildings will touch the general public, and the necessary costs will surely concern different parties. Can landlords make their tenants pay for the retrofits? Will businesses pay higher rents for stronger buildings? There will be efforts to issue bonds and proposals to extend loans. Settling these matters in ways everyone can accept is what politics is for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will help to remember what’s at stake. Recall what happened to New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, its “big one,” in 2005. Not only did it take an immediate $100 billion hit in damages, but over 200,000 residents moved away and haven’t come back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Image1.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24879\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Image1.png\" alt=\"New Orleans after Katrina\" width=\"600\" height=\"404\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lucy Jones uses this graph in her talks to show that natural disasters can cripple a great city for decades. Unlike Nashville, a city of comparable economic strength, New Orleans has fallen and is still struggling to get up. The international insurer Swiss Re has estimated that Los Angeles presents a colossal risk of catastrophic losses from earthquakes, surpassed only by Tokyo, Manila and Jakarta. (USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now consider Los Angeles, many times larger—can we risk such a fate for America’s second largest city? Recall what happened to San Francisco in 1906, at the time America’s sixth-largest city—the effects of its “big one” led directly to the nationwide recession and financial crisis of 1907.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program laid out in “Resilience by Design” is aimed at building resilience—flexible strength—against those kinds of threats. The report is the first step in “a new proactive science-based approach toward resilience” and will get close attention in Northern California, in Sacramento, and (one hopes) in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles is part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.100resilientcities.org/\">100 Resilient Cities project\u003c/a>. So are \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/12/05/four-bay-area-cities-selected-as-future-models-of-resilience/\">San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/24877/l-a-s-resilience-by-design-lays-out-ambitious-earthquake-infrastructure-plan","authors":["6228"],"categories":["science_38"],"tags":["science_257","science_271","science_5190"],"featImg":"science_24878","label":"science"},"science_21053":{"type":"posts","id":"science_21053","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"21053","score":null,"sort":[1409246648000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"leaky-pipes-lose-billions-of-gallons-of-water-every-year-in-the-bay-area","title":"Leaky Pipes Lose Billions of Gallons of Water Every Year in the Bay Area","publishDate":1409246648,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Leaky Pipes Lose Billions of Gallons of Water Every Year in the Bay Area | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1151,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21065\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/NapaWaterMainBreak.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21065 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/NapaWaterMainBreak.jpg\" alt=\"Water gushes from a water main break outside a mobile home park after the South Napa Earthquake on August 24, 2014. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water gushes from a water main break outside a mobile home park after the South Napa Earthquake on August 24, 2014. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California seems to be experiencing one water disaster after another. On top of the drought, last month a 90-year-old water pipe ruptured on the UCLA campus leaking an estimated 20 million gallons of drinking water. On Sunday, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake damaged dozens of water pipes, leaving hundreds of Napa and Vallejo residents without water. These major incidents beg the question: how strong is our water infrastructure?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a new report by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/drought/ci_26350962/california-drought-bay-area-loses-billions-gallons-leaky\">\u003cem>San Jose Mercury News\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, local water agencies are losing about 23 billion gallons of treated water each year. Most of that loss is attributed to aging pipelines that leak before reaching customer meters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The system is aging,” Mercury News Science Reporter Lisa Kreiger told Michael Krasny on KQED’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201408270900\">\u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. Her analysis of water records shows Bay Area agencies lost between 3 and 16 percent of treated water in 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the state is in a drought, these old, leaky pipes are gaining attention. “When water is precious, monitoring and stopping these losses becomes important,” Krieger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Krieger, the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission and East Bay Municipal Utility District have done a good job of reporting their water losses to the state. But reporting leaks and losses isn’t mandatory in California, so many water districts aren’t reporting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really don’t have a good grasp of what’s going on here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”DusLke8HF8575Sm1pXYimoeE00KWx7yo”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the Bay Area’s water system was built generations ago and is in need of repair and replacement. “Many of our pipes are 100 years old,” said Steven Ritchie, assistant general manager of water for the SFPUC, which is currently replacing six miles of pipe each year and is aiming to increase to 15 miles each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility is also in the midst of a $4.6 billion seismic upgrade that includes replacing and upgrading tanks and pipes. “We’re really improving our ability to deliver water subsequent to an earthquake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EBMUD has 4,200 miles of water pipeline and is currently replacing 10 miles of pipe each year. The utility is also using acoustic sensors called “loggers” to detect leaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are at the dawn of the era of replacement,” said Heather Cooley, with the Pacific Institute, a water policy think tank. Fixing the nation’s broken water system would cost $700 billion over the next 20 years, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just distribution systems that are in need of repair. California is wasting about 11 gallons of water per person per day on broken household systems like running toilets and leaking irrigation systems, Cooley said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"On top of the drought, the South Napa Quake damaged dozens of water pipes and last month a ruptured pipe ruptured on the UCLA campus leaked about 20 million gallons of water. So how strong is California's water infrastructure?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704933056,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":507},"headData":{"title":"Leaky Pipes Lose Billions of Gallons of Water Every Year in the Bay Area | KQED","description":"On top of the drought, the South Napa Quake damaged dozens of water pipes and last month a ruptured pipe ruptured on the UCLA campus leaked about 20 million gallons of water. So how strong is California's water infrastructure?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Leaky Pipes Lose Billions of Gallons of Water Every Year in the Bay Area","datePublished":"2014-08-28T17:24:08.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T00:30:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/21053/leaky-pipes-lose-billions-of-gallons-of-water-every-year-in-the-bay-area","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21065\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/NapaWaterMainBreak.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21065 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/NapaWaterMainBreak.jpg\" alt=\"Water gushes from a water main break outside a mobile home park after the South Napa Earthquake on August 24, 2014. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water gushes from a water main break outside a mobile home park after the South Napa Earthquake on August 24, 2014. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California seems to be experiencing one water disaster after another. On top of the drought, last month a 90-year-old water pipe ruptured on the UCLA campus leaking an estimated 20 million gallons of drinking water. On Sunday, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake damaged dozens of water pipes, leaving hundreds of Napa and Vallejo residents without water. These major incidents beg the question: how strong is our water infrastructure?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a new report by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/drought/ci_26350962/california-drought-bay-area-loses-billions-gallons-leaky\">\u003cem>San Jose Mercury News\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, local water agencies are losing about 23 billion gallons of treated water each year. Most of that loss is attributed to aging pipelines that leak before reaching customer meters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The system is aging,” Mercury News Science Reporter Lisa Kreiger told Michael Krasny on KQED’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201408270900\">\u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. Her analysis of water records shows Bay Area agencies lost between 3 and 16 percent of treated water in 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the state is in a drought, these old, leaky pipes are gaining attention. “When water is precious, monitoring and stopping these losses becomes important,” Krieger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Krieger, the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission and East Bay Municipal Utility District have done a good job of reporting their water losses to the state. But reporting leaks and losses isn’t mandatory in California, so many water districts aren’t reporting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really don’t have a good grasp of what’s going on here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the Bay Area’s water system was built generations ago and is in need of repair and replacement. “Many of our pipes are 100 years old,” said Steven Ritchie, assistant general manager of water for the SFPUC, which is currently replacing six miles of pipe each year and is aiming to increase to 15 miles each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility is also in the midst of a $4.6 billion seismic upgrade that includes replacing and upgrading tanks and pipes. “We’re really improving our ability to deliver water subsequent to an earthquake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EBMUD has 4,200 miles of water pipeline and is currently replacing 10 miles of pipe each year. The utility is also using acoustic sensors called “loggers” to detect leaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are at the dawn of the era of replacement,” said Heather Cooley, with the Pacific Institute, a water policy think tank. Fixing the nation’s broken water system would cost $700 billion over the next 20 years, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just distribution systems that are in need of repair. California is wasting about 11 gallons of water per person per day on broken household systems like running toilets and leaking irrigation systems, Cooley said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/21053/leaky-pipes-lose-billions-of-gallons-of-water-every-year-in-the-bay-area","authors":["1565"],"series":["science_1151"],"categories":["science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_572","science_271"],"featImg":"science_21065","label":"science_1151"},"science_4034":{"type":"posts","id":"science_4034","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"4034","score":null,"sort":[1370505620000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californias-pending-sand-and-gravel-crunch","title":"California's Looming Sand-and-Gravel Crunch","publishDate":1370505620,"format":"aside","headTitle":"California’s Looming Sand-and-Gravel Crunch | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_4035\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregate-top.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4035\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregate-top.jpg\" alt=\"Gravel piles at the Tiechert quarry near Yuba City\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4035\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graded gravel piles at the Tiechert quarry near Yuba City. Andrew Alden photos\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Civilization runs on refined energy and refined materials. While refined energy needs no introduction these days, most people need reminding that there is no economy without steady supplies of the most basic refined material of all: aggregate. A new map from the state government’s geologists is alerting us that California cities and regions must keep thinking locally to keep prospering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big three commodities that define aggregate are sand, gravel and crushed stone. They are essential for modern roads, whether white concrete or black asphalt, and for the deep roadbeds beneath them. They underlie foundations of all kinds: railroads, pipelines, skyscrapers and apartment blocks, gas station tanks, stadiums. Every pothole filled requires aggregate from somewhere, usually fresh from a quarry. Recycling is important, but limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can’t use any old sand and gravel. Some deposits have chemically active minerals like pyrite; others are too weak or full of dust. Every construction project specifies a tightly controlled grade of material, and concrete, the mixture of aggregate and portland cement holding it together, is the most demanding. Concrete is 80 percent aggregate. The numbers that follow refer to concrete-grade aggregate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_4036\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregate.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4036\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregate.jpg\" alt=\"crushed stone\" width=\"600\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4036\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crushed stone makes up the bulk of concrete\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, the state goes through more than 200 million tons of high-grade aggregate every year, the equivalent of more than 7 million trips by large diesel trucks. Take a minute and consider the wear and tear those 7 million truckloads put on the roads; beyond that, trucking aggregate produces a huge amount of carbon emissions. And it adds 15 cents per mile to the cost of every ton delivered, or $7.50 per ton for the typical 50-mile haul on straight roads with little traffic. The material itself costs around $10 per ton for mining, crushing and other processing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As California’s population rises, local regions must plan to reduce their waste output, decrease their water usage, and manage many other aspects of environmentally sustainable practices. Aggregate, too, needs to remain sustainable. The transportation costs of aggregate mean that it must always have a local source. Whether that source is artisanal aggregate from a boutique rock quarry or a big pit of good cheap river gravel—either is fine—is up to your local and regional jurisdictions. And quarries aren’t awful things; \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/\">once played out they can be repurposed for all sorts of uses\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where does the new map fit in this picture? The California Geological Survey has been classifying the state’s mineral lands, based strictly on geological data, since 1975, and it follows the aggregate industry closely. The CGS has found that population is the best gauge of demand for aggregate, so it’s a straightforward if intricate exercise to work out which regions are doing fine and which need to issue more quarry permits to keep up. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CGS issued its first statewide map of aggregate supply and demand in 2002 and updated it in 2006 and 2012. \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/minerals/mlc/Pages/Index.aspx\">The latest edition, Map Sheet 52, was released this spring\u003c/a> and covers about 85 percent of the total market. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_4037\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregatemap.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4037\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregatemap.png\" alt=\"part of CGS map sheet 52\" width=\"600\" height=\"420\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4037\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Part of CGS Map Sheet 52. Pie charts represent total demand for aggregate (circles) and permitted reserves (darker wedges). Triangles are aggregate suppliers\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today four “aggregate study areas” of California have aggregate reserves—bodies of suitable material with companies permitted to produce them—that will last less than 10 years. They are important, fast-growing regions: San Diego, Sacramento, Fresno and the San Fernando Valley. Only a little behind, with 11- to 20-year reserves, are 13 other areas that encompass the Bay Area and most of the Los Angeles conurbation. Placer County and the Yuba City–Marysville area are set for life with enormous reserves, but as I mentioned, transport costs limit where they can be profitably marketed. It seems to me that nearby Sacramento is probably OK if a dedicated rail connection can be set up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the distance of quarries from their markets continues to grow, the costs of aggregate will keep rising. Sooner or later those costs will hit limits that force hard choices. Surges in demand, such as those after a large earthquake or a Delta levee failure, could stress and fracture the system. It behooves our leaders, and citizens who care, to stay farsighted about this basic matter. Meanwhile \u003ca href=\"http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/eposters/eposter/gc11b-0996/\">the CGS is considering more sophisticated maps\u003c/a> to help decision-makers. The aggregate industry is weighing in too; the website \u003ca href=\"http://www.calcima.org/\">calcima.org\u003c/a> sends mixed messages (imported Chinese cement is not related to the aggregate supply), but its \u003ca href=\"http://www.calcima.org/html/links.html\">links page\u003c/a> is useful background.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new map of sand and gravel resources from government geologists is alerting us that California cities and regions must keep thinking locally to keep prospering.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704935662,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":788},"headData":{"title":"California's Looming Sand-and-Gravel Crunch | KQED","description":"A new map of sand and gravel resources from government geologists is alerting us that California cities and regions must keep thinking locally to keep prospering.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California's Looming Sand-and-Gravel Crunch","datePublished":"2013-06-06T08:00:20.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T01:14:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/4034/californias-pending-sand-and-gravel-crunch","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_4035\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregate-top.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4035\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregate-top.jpg\" alt=\"Gravel piles at the Tiechert quarry near Yuba City\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4035\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graded gravel piles at the Tiechert quarry near Yuba City. Andrew Alden photos\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Civilization runs on refined energy and refined materials. While refined energy needs no introduction these days, most people need reminding that there is no economy without steady supplies of the most basic refined material of all: aggregate. A new map from the state government’s geologists is alerting us that California cities and regions must keep thinking locally to keep prospering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big three commodities that define aggregate are sand, gravel and crushed stone. They are essential for modern roads, whether white concrete or black asphalt, and for the deep roadbeds beneath them. They underlie foundations of all kinds: railroads, pipelines, skyscrapers and apartment blocks, gas station tanks, stadiums. Every pothole filled requires aggregate from somewhere, usually fresh from a quarry. Recycling is important, but limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can’t use any old sand and gravel. Some deposits have chemically active minerals like pyrite; others are too weak or full of dust. Every construction project specifies a tightly controlled grade of material, and concrete, the mixture of aggregate and portland cement holding it together, is the most demanding. Concrete is 80 percent aggregate. The numbers that follow refer to concrete-grade aggregate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_4036\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregate.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4036\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregate.jpg\" alt=\"crushed stone\" width=\"600\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4036\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crushed stone makes up the bulk of concrete\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, the state goes through more than 200 million tons of high-grade aggregate every year, the equivalent of more than 7 million trips by large diesel trucks. Take a minute and consider the wear and tear those 7 million truckloads put on the roads; beyond that, trucking aggregate produces a huge amount of carbon emissions. And it adds 15 cents per mile to the cost of every ton delivered, or $7.50 per ton for the typical 50-mile haul on straight roads with little traffic. The material itself costs around $10 per ton for mining, crushing and other processing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As California’s population rises, local regions must plan to reduce their waste output, decrease their water usage, and manage many other aspects of environmentally sustainable practices. Aggregate, too, needs to remain sustainable. The transportation costs of aggregate mean that it must always have a local source. Whether that source is artisanal aggregate from a boutique rock quarry or a big pit of good cheap river gravel—either is fine—is up to your local and regional jurisdictions. And quarries aren’t awful things; \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/11/what-happens-to-old-quarries/\">once played out they can be repurposed for all sorts of uses\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where does the new map fit in this picture? The California Geological Survey has been classifying the state’s mineral lands, based strictly on geological data, since 1975, and it follows the aggregate industry closely. The CGS has found that population is the best gauge of demand for aggregate, so it’s a straightforward if intricate exercise to work out which regions are doing fine and which need to issue more quarry permits to keep up. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CGS issued its first statewide map of aggregate supply and demand in 2002 and updated it in 2006 and 2012. \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/minerals/mlc/Pages/Index.aspx\">The latest edition, Map Sheet 52, was released this spring\u003c/a> and covers about 85 percent of the total market. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_4037\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregatemap.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4037\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/06/aggregatemap.png\" alt=\"part of CGS map sheet 52\" width=\"600\" height=\"420\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4037\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Part of CGS Map Sheet 52. Pie charts represent total demand for aggregate (circles) and permitted reserves (darker wedges). Triangles are aggregate suppliers\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today four “aggregate study areas” of California have aggregate reserves—bodies of suitable material with companies permitted to produce them—that will last less than 10 years. They are important, fast-growing regions: San Diego, Sacramento, Fresno and the San Fernando Valley. Only a little behind, with 11- to 20-year reserves, are 13 other areas that encompass the Bay Area and most of the Los Angeles conurbation. Placer County and the Yuba City–Marysville area are set for life with enormous reserves, but as I mentioned, transport costs limit where they can be profitably marketed. It seems to me that nearby Sacramento is probably OK if a dedicated rail connection can be set up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the distance of quarries from their markets continues to grow, the costs of aggregate will keep rising. Sooner or later those costs will hit limits that force hard choices. Surges in demand, such as those after a large earthquake or a Delta levee failure, could stress and fracture the system. It behooves our leaders, and citizens who care, to stay farsighted about this basic matter. Meanwhile \u003ca href=\"http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/eposters/eposter/gc11b-0996/\">the CGS is considering more sophisticated maps\u003c/a> to help decision-makers. The aggregate industry is weighing in too; the website \u003ca href=\"http://www.calcima.org/\">calcima.org\u003c/a> sends mixed messages (imported Chinese cement is not related to the aggregate supply), but its \u003ca href=\"http://www.calcima.org/html/links.html\">links page\u003c/a> is useful background.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/4034/californias-pending-sand-and-gravel-crunch","authors":["6228"],"categories":["science_38"],"tags":["science_271","science_275"],"featImg":"science_4035","label":"science"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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By that time, the record-setting winter of 2016-17 had removed all doubt that the drought was over, though concerns over depleted groundwater levels still remain. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">U.S. Drought Monitor\u003c/a>, less than 10 percent of California remains in “moderate drought” — compared to nearly 100 percent of the state a year ago.\r\n\r\n[http_redir]","featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Drought Watch Archives | KQED Science","description":"What California's reservoirs look like right now (From KQED's The Lowdown) [iframe src=\"http://kroodsma.com/KQED/water-supply-master/public/map.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"720\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"] We’re collecting all of our California drought coverage here, starting with the current state of the drought, then providing the background and rounding up all the stories we’ve produced. Relief at Last In early April, after more than five years of the most withering drought on record, California Governor Jerry Brown finally lifted the emergency drought order he issued in January of 2014. By that time, the record-setting winter of 2016-17 had removed all doubt that the drought was over, though concerns over depleted groundwater levels still remain. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, less than 10 percent of California remains in “moderate drought” — compared to nearly 100 percent of the state a year ago. 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