Scanning students' rooms during remote tests is unconstitutional, judge rules
You can now ask Google to scrub images of minors from its search results
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Four Student Data Privacy Issues Adults Should Be Aware Of
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last year. Before starting the exam, he was asked to show the virtual proctor his bedroom. He complied, and the recording data was stored by one of the school's third-party proctoring tools, Honorlock, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://bbgohio.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/MSJ-decision.pdf\">ruling documents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ogletree then sued his university, alleging that the room scan violated his Fourth Amendment rights protecting U.S. citizens against \"unreasonable searches and seizures.\" In its defense, Cleveland State argued that room scans are not \"searches,\" because they are limited in scope, conducted to ensure academic fairness and exam integrity, and not coerced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. district court Judge J. Philip Calabrese on Monday decided in Ogletree's favor: Room scans are unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Ogletree's privacy interest in his home outweighs Cleveland State's interests in scanning his room. Accordingly, the Court determines that Cleveland State's practice of conducting room scans is unreasonable under the Fourth Amendment,\" Judge Calabrese concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2020, COVID-19 restrictions have forced students to take remote exams, so universities have come to rely on browser plug-ins and other software from third-party proctor companies to prevent cheating on tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil rights attorney Matthew Besser, who represented Ogletree, described the decision as a landmark case in a post \u003ca href=\"https://bbgohio.com/blog/landmark-student-privacy-victory/\">on his firm's blog\u003c/a>: \"The case appears to be the first in the nation to hold that the Fourth Amendment protects students from unreasonable video searches of their homes before taking a remote test.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Privacy advocates laud the ruling\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Digital privacy advocates have raised red flags over online proctoring services' alleged civil liberty violations in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2020, the Electronic Privacy Information Center \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/documents/in-re-online-test-proctoring-companies/\">filed a complaint\u003c/a> against five popular proctoring services, including Honorlock, for their \"invasive\" and \"deceptive\" data collection practices. Fight for the Future, a nonprofit that created the website \u003ca href=\"http://baneproctoring.com/\">BanEproctoring.com\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fightforthefuture.org/news/2022-08-22-no-more-student-room-scans-statement-on-a-major-victory-over-eproctoring-surveillance\">called the decision\u003c/a> a \"major victory.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The opinion documents state that the Ohio university is not aware of any data breaches related to remote exam recordings, and that access to the video is strictly controlled. Cleveland State University has not yet responded to NPR's request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The definition of a \"search\" is in question\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The university contested the fact that remote virtual room scans constituted \"searches.\" It argued that the scan was a regulatory process unrelated to criminality, with a goal of exam integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scan of Ogletree's room lasted no more than a minute, and as little as 10 seconds. The defense argued, according to court documents, that the scan was \"brief, only revealed items in plain view, and the student controlled the inspection to the extent that the student chose where in the house to take the exam and where in the room to direct the camera.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiff was free to object to the scan, the defense added. A student who refused to perform the exam could still take the test, the school argued, even if opting out meant getting no credit for the exam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge didn't agree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Rooms scans go where people otherwise would not, at least not without a warrant or an invitation. Nor does it follow that room scans are not searches because the technology is 'in general public use,'\" Judge Calabrese said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Scanning+students%27+rooms+during+remote+tests+is+unconstitutional%2C+judge+rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In what's believed to be the first case of its kind, a student argued that Cleveland State University violated his Fourth Amendment rights when he complied with a webcam recording of his exam space.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1661498008,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":625},"headData":{"title":"Scanning students' rooms during remote tests is unconstitutional, judge rules - MindShift","description":"In what's believed to be the first case of its kind, a student argued that Cleveland State University violated his Fourth Amendment rights when he complied with a webcam recording of his exam space.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Scanning students' rooms during remote tests is unconstitutional, judge rules","datePublished":"2022-08-26T06:10:56.000Z","dateModified":"2022-08-26T07:13:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"59789 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=59789","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2022/08/25/scanning-students-rooms-during-remote-tests-is-unconstitutional-judge-rules/","disqusTitle":"Scanning students' rooms during remote tests is unconstitutional, judge rules","nprImageCredit":"Leon Neal","nprByline":"Emma Bowman","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"1119337956","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1119337956&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/25/1119337956/test-proctoring-room-scans-unconstitutional-cleveland-state-university?ft=nprml&f=1119337956","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 25 Aug 2022 19:17:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 25 Aug 2022 05:30:47 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 25 Aug 2022 19:17:54 -0400","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/mindshift/59789/scanning-students-rooms-during-remote-tests-is-unconstitutional-judge-rules","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The remote-proctored exam that colleges began using widely during the pandemic saw a first big legal test of its own — one that concluded in a ruling applauded by digital privacy advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge this week sided with a student at Cleveland State University in Ohio, who alleged that a room scan taken before his online test as a proctoring measure was unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aaron Ogletree, a chemistry student, sat for a test during his spring semester last year. Before starting the exam, he was asked to show the virtual proctor his bedroom. He complied, and the recording data was stored by one of the school's third-party proctoring tools, Honorlock, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://bbgohio.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/MSJ-decision.pdf\">ruling documents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ogletree then sued his university, alleging that the room scan violated his Fourth Amendment rights protecting U.S. citizens against \"unreasonable searches and seizures.\" In its defense, Cleveland State argued that room scans are not \"searches,\" because they are limited in scope, conducted to ensure academic fairness and exam integrity, and not coerced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. district court Judge J. Philip Calabrese on Monday decided in Ogletree's favor: Room scans are unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Ogletree's privacy interest in his home outweighs Cleveland State's interests in scanning his room. Accordingly, the Court determines that Cleveland State's practice of conducting room scans is unreasonable under the Fourth Amendment,\" Judge Calabrese concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2020, COVID-19 restrictions have forced students to take remote exams, so universities have come to rely on browser plug-ins and other software from third-party proctor companies to prevent cheating on tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil rights attorney Matthew Besser, who represented Ogletree, described the decision as a landmark case in a post \u003ca href=\"https://bbgohio.com/blog/landmark-student-privacy-victory/\">on his firm's blog\u003c/a>: \"The case appears to be the first in the nation to hold that the Fourth Amendment protects students from unreasonable video searches of their homes before taking a remote test.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Privacy advocates laud the ruling\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Digital privacy advocates have raised red flags over online proctoring services' alleged civil liberty violations in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2020, the Electronic Privacy Information Center \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/documents/in-re-online-test-proctoring-companies/\">filed a complaint\u003c/a> against five popular proctoring services, including Honorlock, for their \"invasive\" and \"deceptive\" data collection practices. Fight for the Future, a nonprofit that created the website \u003ca href=\"http://baneproctoring.com/\">BanEproctoring.com\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fightforthefuture.org/news/2022-08-22-no-more-student-room-scans-statement-on-a-major-victory-over-eproctoring-surveillance\">called the decision\u003c/a> a \"major victory.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The opinion documents state that the Ohio university is not aware of any data breaches related to remote exam recordings, and that access to the video is strictly controlled. Cleveland State University has not yet responded to NPR's request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The definition of a \"search\" is in question\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The university contested the fact that remote virtual room scans constituted \"searches.\" It argued that the scan was a regulatory process unrelated to criminality, with a goal of exam integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scan of Ogletree's room lasted no more than a minute, and as little as 10 seconds. The defense argued, according to court documents, that the scan was \"brief, only revealed items in plain view, and the student controlled the inspection to the extent that the student chose where in the house to take the exam and where in the room to direct the camera.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiff was free to object to the scan, the defense added. A student who refused to perform the exam could still take the test, the school argued, even if opting out meant getting no credit for the exam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge didn't agree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Rooms scans go where people otherwise would not, at least not without a warrant or an invitation. Nor does it follow that room scans are not searches because the technology is 'in general public use,'\" Judge Calabrese said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Scanning+students%27+rooms+during+remote+tests+is+unconstitutional%2C+judge+rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/59789/scanning-students-rooms-during-remote-tests-is-unconstitutional-judge-rules","authors":["byline_mindshift_59789"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_739","mindshift_117","mindshift_21475"],"featImg":"mindshift_59790","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_58688":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_58688","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"58688","score":null,"sort":[1635398121000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"you-can-now-ask-google-to-scrub-images-of-minors-from-its-search-results","title":"You can now ask Google to scrub images of minors from its search results","publishDate":1635398121,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Google installed a new policy Wednesday that will allow minors or their caregivers to request their images be removed from the company's search results, saying that \"kids and teens have to navigate some unique challenges online, especially when a picture of them is unexpectedly available on the internet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy follows up on Google's announcement in August that it would take a number of steps aiming to protect minors' privacy and their mental well-being, giving them more control over how they appear online.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>You can fill out a form to ask that an image be removed\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Google says the process for taking a minor's image out of its search results starts with \u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/websearch/troubleshooter/9685456#ts=2889054%2C2889099%2C9166584%2C10949490%2C10949809\">filling out a form\u003c/a> that asks for the URL of the target image. The form also asks for the URL of the Google search page used to find the image, and the search terms that were used. The company will then evaluate the removal request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the request could wind up scrubbing problematic images from Google's search tools, \"It's important to note that removing an image from Google results doesn't remove it from the internet,\" the company said as it \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/products/search/giving-kids-and-teens-more-control-over-their-images-search/\">announced the policy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes come after Google and other tech companies have faced intense criticism for their policies toward children, who now live in the public eye more than any previous generation — facing the prospect of having any moment in their lives shared and preserved online, regardless of their own wishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tool states that it is intended for cases in which the subject is under 18. Google says that if adults want material related to them to be removed, they should use a separate \u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/websearch/troubleshooter/3111061\">set of options\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Google has faced pressure to protect children and privacy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In 2019, allegations that Google's YouTube subsidiary collected personal information from children without their parents' knowledge or consent resulted in the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/04/757441886/google-youtube-to-pay-170-million-penalty-over-collecting-kids-personal-info\">paying a $170 million settlement\u003c/a> to state and federal regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our children's privacy law doesn't allow companies to track kids across the internet and collect individual data on them without their parents' consent,\" then-FTC commissioner Rohit Chopra \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/05/757803879/ftc-fines-google-170-million-for-youtube-childrens-privacy-violation\">told NPR\u003c/a> at the time. \"And that's exactly what YouTube did, and YouTube knew it was targeting children with some of these videos.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Google first \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/technology/families/giving-kids-and-teens-safer-experience-online/\">announced the image-removal initiative\u003c/a> in August, it also pledged to block ads that target people based on their age, gender or interests if they're younger than 18. It also said its YouTube division would change the default privacy settings on video uploads to the tightest restrictions if they come from teens between 13 and 17 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest early adjustments for Google's search tools stem from Europe, where a Spanish man's case established the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/02/28/589411543/google-received-650-000-right-to-be-forgotten-requests-since-2014\">\"right to be forgotten\"\u003c/a> in 2014. In the four years that followed, Google said, people made more than 650,000 requests to remove specific websites from its search results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Editor's note:\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cem> Google and YouTube are among NPR's financial sponsors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=You+can+now+ask+Google+to+scrub+images+of+minors+from+its+search+results&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The new policy follows up on the tech giant's August announcement that it would take a number of steps aiming to protect minors' privacy. It is intended for cases in which the subject is under 18.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1635398121,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":523},"headData":{"title":"You can now ask Google to scrub images of minors from its search results - MindShift","description":"The new policy follows up on the tech giant's August announcement that it would take a number of steps aiming to protect minors' privacy. It is intended for cases in which the subject is under 18.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"You can now ask Google to scrub images of minors from its search results","datePublished":"2021-10-28T05:15:21.000Z","dateModified":"2021-10-28T05:15:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"58688 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=58688","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2021/10/27/you-can-now-ask-google-to-scrub-images-of-minors-from-its-search-results/","disqusTitle":"You can now ask Google to scrub images of minors from its search results","nprByline":"Bill Chappell","nprImageAgency":"Screengrab by NPR","nprStoryId":"1049736477","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1049736477&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/27/1049736477/google-minors-remove-images-search-results?ft=nprml&f=1049736477","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 27 Oct 2021 16:45:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 27 Oct 2021 16:00:55 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 27 Oct 2021 16:45:20 -0400","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/mindshift/58688/you-can-now-ask-google-to-scrub-images-of-minors-from-its-search-results","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Google installed a new policy Wednesday that will allow minors or their caregivers to request their images be removed from the company's search results, saying that \"kids and teens have to navigate some unique challenges online, especially when a picture of them is unexpectedly available on the internet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy follows up on Google's announcement in August that it would take a number of steps aiming to protect minors' privacy and their mental well-being, giving them more control over how they appear online.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>You can fill out a form to ask that an image be removed\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Google says the process for taking a minor's image out of its search results starts with \u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/websearch/troubleshooter/9685456#ts=2889054%2C2889099%2C9166584%2C10949490%2C10949809\">filling out a form\u003c/a> that asks for the URL of the target image. The form also asks for the URL of the Google search page used to find the image, and the search terms that were used. The company will then evaluate the removal request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the request could wind up scrubbing problematic images from Google's search tools, \"It's important to note that removing an image from Google results doesn't remove it from the internet,\" the company said as it \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/products/search/giving-kids-and-teens-more-control-over-their-images-search/\">announced the policy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes come after Google and other tech companies have faced intense criticism for their policies toward children, who now live in the public eye more than any previous generation — facing the prospect of having any moment in their lives shared and preserved online, regardless of their own wishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tool states that it is intended for cases in which the subject is under 18. Google says that if adults want material related to them to be removed, they should use a separate \u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/websearch/troubleshooter/3111061\">set of options\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Google has faced pressure to protect children and privacy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In 2019, allegations that Google's YouTube subsidiary collected personal information from children without their parents' knowledge or consent resulted in the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/04/757441886/google-youtube-to-pay-170-million-penalty-over-collecting-kids-personal-info\">paying a $170 million settlement\u003c/a> to state and federal regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our children's privacy law doesn't allow companies to track kids across the internet and collect individual data on them without their parents' consent,\" then-FTC commissioner Rohit Chopra \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/05/757803879/ftc-fines-google-170-million-for-youtube-childrens-privacy-violation\">told NPR\u003c/a> at the time. \"And that's exactly what YouTube did, and YouTube knew it was targeting children with some of these videos.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Google first \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/technology/families/giving-kids-and-teens-safer-experience-online/\">announced the image-removal initiative\u003c/a> in August, it also pledged to block ads that target people based on their age, gender or interests if they're younger than 18. It also said its YouTube division would change the default privacy settings on video uploads to the tightest restrictions if they come from teens between 13 and 17 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest early adjustments for Google's search tools stem from Europe, where a Spanish man's case established the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/02/28/589411543/google-received-650-000-right-to-be-forgotten-requests-since-2014\">\"right to be forgotten\"\u003c/a> in 2014. In the four years that followed, Google said, people made more than 650,000 requests to remove specific websites from its search results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Editor's note:\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cem> Google and YouTube are among NPR's financial sponsors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=You+can+now+ask+Google+to+scrub+images+of+minors+from+its+search+results&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/58688/you-can-now-ask-google-to-scrub-images-of-minors-from-its-search-results","authors":["byline_mindshift_58688"],"categories":["mindshift_21385"],"tags":["mindshift_105","mindshift_117"],"featImg":"mindshift_58689","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_54396":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_54396","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"54396","score":null,"sort":[1568305364000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"when-school-safety-becomes-school-surveillance","title":"When School Safety Becomes School Surveillance","publishDate":1568305364,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>In a photo taken last March, a teenage boy is sitting at his desk with a plastic pellet gun that looks a lot like an AR-15. The airsoft rifle is propped up on the arm of a chair, pointing at the ceiling, and the boy, Eric, is looking at the camera. We're not using his last name to protect his privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric's friend took the picture. At the time, Eric says, he didn't realize his friend had captioned the photo \"Don't come to school Monday\" and had sent it to others on Snapchat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think he really had the intention of getting me in trouble,\" Eric says, explaining his friend's post as \"dark humor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Eric, who is now in 10th grade, did get in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Someone reported the photo to Miami-Dade County Public Schools, where Eric is a student. Two police officers and Eric's principal took him out of class to question him. \"I was terrified,\" Eric says. \"They think that I wanted to shoot up the school, and I didn't. I didn't want to at all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric was recommended for expulsion. His parents fought it, explaining that he didn't take the picture, caption it or send it to anyone himself. Ultimately, he was moved from his A-rated magnet school to a different school with a C rating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His parents want to transfer him somewhere else. But they worry about what his record now says. Eric's dad, Ricardo, says, \"Anybody that doesn't know the story will read this and say, 'There's no way in the world I'm gonna put this child in my school.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for Miami-Dade schools said the district takes threats seriously, investigates them thoroughly and disciplines students when necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many students, this new school year will mean more reasons to watch what they do or say online. Spurred in part by the school shooting in Parkland, Fla., a year and a half ago, schools nationwide are collaborating with law enforcement in new ways in efforts to avoid the kind of tragedies that, while still rare, are far too familiar. They're investing in new security technologies that scan social media posts, school assignments and even student emails for potential threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These companies say they are saving lives. Privacy hawks and advocates for vulnerable students, such as those with disabilities, worry that these new surveillance technologies could threaten students' privacy and have far-reaching implications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Florida out in front\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not surprisingly, Florida is at the forefront of this new wave of school security efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the Parkland shooting, the Miami-Dade school district has opened a police command center with live video feeds from 18,000 cameras located in its public schools. It has installed GPS tracking on every school bus. There is an app through which the public can report threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, on Aug. 1, the state launched an ambitious data repository called the\u003ca href=\"http://www.fldoe.org/newsroom/latest-news/department-of-education-announces-the-florida-schools-safety-portal.stml\"> Florida Schools Safety Portal\u003c/a>. It's intended to collect information from school discipline records, law enforcement and mental health and child welfare systems and display it all in one place, alongside tips sent in by the public and automatic scans of social media posts for potential threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the state's answer to a problem that policymakers have been trying to solve since the Feb. 14, 2018, mass shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, which left 17 people dead and 17 injured. Various people had concerns that the confessed shooter was dangerous, but they weren't always comparing notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system has been controversial from the start. State advocates for students with disabilities and students with mental illnesses raised alarms that children would be unfairly stigmatized and tracked for actions rooted in their conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social Sentinel, one of the largest companies in the business of scanning social media for schools, declined to be a part of the portal, because, it said in a statement, \"we did not feel comfortable participating in an extensive database of student profiles.\" The firm is still serving schools in Florida — it just won't link its results to the portal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The portal just launched, but officials involved with the process have already started to question whether it will work as designed, as a one-stop shop of information. Because of privacy concerns, no one will be able to access the data without authorization — and only a cop can see the law enforcement records, and only a school official can see the discipline records. So instead of integrating data, the portal essentially keeps it siloed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Department of Education and all the other stakeholders that were tasked with doing this have done the absolute best possible job they could with what they were asked to ... accomplish,\" Bob Gualtieri, a Florida sheriff and the chair of the state's Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Public Safety Commission, said at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fdle.state.fl.us/MSDHS/Meetings/2019/August/815-19-MSD-Commission-Closed-Session-Removd_Redact.aspx\">public meeting Aug. 15\u003c/a>. \"What they were asked to accomplish is, in essence, the impossible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initially set up to investigate the Parkland shooting, the commission's brief has grown to encompass school safety across the state, including the portal effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>False alarms\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late one night last spring, after an event, David Cittadino got an alert that someone might want to hurt his students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cittadino is the superintendent of schools in Old Bridge, N.J. Safety has been an increasing concern in this suburban township, as it has been around the United States. Cittadino's first year as assistant superintendent, 2012, not only was the year of the Sandy Hook school shooting, but was when, in his own small community, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nj.com/middlesex/2012/08/nj_supermarket_shooting_killer.html\">two young graduates\u003c/a> of Old Bridge High School were shot and killed by a troubled veteran at a local supermarket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the school district has \"hardened\" schools, Cittadino says: more police, more security measures at the doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he adds, he has seen a new urgency in the past year. \"Things changed after Parkland,\" he says. He remembers a school board meeting with members of the public asking, \"What are you going to do?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his district, as for hundreds more around the country, the answer was new technology. Cittadino dug through his old phone messages and returned a call to Social Sentinel. It offers school professionals \"Total Awareness,\" its website says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social Sentinel scans public posts to social media for potential threats to a school community. The company won't say exactly how it identifies which accounts to scan. When a threat is found, it is shared automatically with district officials and sometimes with the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A different company with a parallel mission, called Gaggle, scans learning software for similar threats. That means emails sent by students and faculty on school accounts, school assignments written with Google Docs or within the student software Canvas, and even calendar entries made in Microsoft Office. Gaggle safety experts manually review each alert before passing it along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaggle reported that between July and December 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gaggle.net/wp-content/uploads/ThroughTheGaggleLens-interactive.pdf\">it found 51,000 \u003c/a>examples of what it called \"questionable content\" — most often bullying or sexual content, less often self-harm and least often threats of violence to others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On its website, Gaggle claims that it has \"helped districts save 722 students from carrying out an act of suicide.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That figure, says Gaggle CEO Jeff Patterson, is based \"on the severity of the incident, the specificity of it and the imminent nature.\" He gives an example: \"I'm getting on the bus, my parents aren't home and I'm going to kill myself.\" Stories like these are what sell these technology products. But details often can't be shared with the public or the press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Trimble-Oliver is the chief information officer of Cincinnati Public Schools, which is a customer of Gaggle. The school district has about 36,000 students, and last year, it had about 90 serious incidents that came into it through Gaggle. In one such case, \"it actually came through as an alert for self-harm,\" Trimble-Oliver says. \"We did find that there was some actual planning for self-harm and harm to others.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Software offerings like these promise to partially automate school safety, giving school leaders like Cittadino and Trimble-Oliver peace of mind. They're meant to help administrators answer the question \"What are you going to do to prevent the next incident?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cittadino points out that shootings like the ones in Parkland and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/08/04/748111546/dayton-police-killed-shooter-within-30-seconds-of-first-shot\">Dayton, Ohio\u003c/a>, were preceded by threatening statements made online. \"For every incident we're reading about, not just the ones at schools, there was a social media footprint that led to these tragedies — people putting it on social media, dealing with feelings of loss, shut out by society, left alone, seeking revenge,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, after the Columbine High School shooting, the U.S. Secret Service studied shootings committed by adolescents. In 81% of cases, at least one person knew the shooter was planning or thinking about committing violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what happened that night in the spring of 2018 — the incident that Cittadino remembers as proving the usefulness of his security system, the reason that Social Sentinel connected him to a reporter — also shows the drawbacks of this move toward high-tech surveillance in schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First of all, the post, which Cittadino paraphrases as \"I would not have a problem with taking out a bunch of people all at once, and I would have no remorse for it,\" didn't come from a current student. It was from an account that Social Sentinel connected to Old Bridge schools based on its algorithm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second, after Cittadino contacted police, they showed up at the person's house and determined that it was not a serious threat. It was more like someone venting emotions, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, as a result of this system, a school official experienced anxiety and sent the police to a young person's home late at night, with unknown repercussions to that person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cittadino sees a success story, a potential crisis averted. Social Sentinel sees the validation of its model. Amelia Vance, a student privacy advocate with the Future of Privacy Forum, sees a false alarm that burdens school and law enforcement resources, even as it infringes on civil liberties and free speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no proven information showing that social media monitoring is useful,\" she says. \"We have a lot of data showing it overwhelms with false flags.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>No easy answers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the hard truth: School shootings of any kind — and mass shootings in general — are still so rare that there is no evidence that any particular security measure will reduce them. That was the conclusion of a review of literature by Jagdish Khubchandani, a professor at Ball State University, that was \u003ca href=\"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/vio.2018.0044\">published this year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether you're talking about locked doors to the building, security cameras, metal detectors, more police officers, random checks of lockers — none of it has been shown to improve safety. To prove so, says Khubchandani, would involve randomly assigning similar schools to use a particular measure rather than another and then following up for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newer high-tech alert systems, as well as facial and voice recognition, have no evidence behind them either, Khubchandani tells NPR. Still, he holds out hope: \"If ... shooters have these warning signs, it does seem like a new out-of-the-box approach. It could be promising.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also sees a drawback. \"I hope that the social media monitoring does not make criminals out of a bunch of students who are having problems.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School leaders, for their part, feel bound to do something to help. In fact, according to Vance, the student privacy advocate, in today's climate they may face legal liabilities if they don't — if they miss something, if something happens and they should have known. And technology companies, having taken millions of dollars from investors, are offering solutions for that anxiety. But it's not clear that students are any safer as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+School+Safety+Becomes+School+Surveillance&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"More and more schools are investing in technologies that scan social media posts, school assignments and even student emails for potential threats. Privacy experts say the trade-offs aren't worth it.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1568305990,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":49,"wordCount":2029},"headData":{"title":"When School Safety Becomes School Surveillance | KQED","description":"More and more schools are investing in technologies that scan social media posts, school assignments and even student emails for potential threats. Privacy experts say the trade-offs aren't worth it.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"When School Safety Becomes School Surveillance","datePublished":"2019-09-12T16:22:44.000Z","dateModified":"2019-09-12T16:33:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"54396 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=54396","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2019/09/12/when-school-safety-becomes-school-surveillance/","disqusTitle":"When School Safety Becomes School Surveillance","nprImageCredit":"Delphine Lee","nprByline":"Anya Kamenetz and Jessica Bakeman","nprImageAgency":"NPR","nprStoryId":"752341188","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=752341188&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/12/752341188/when-school-safety-becomes-school-surveillance?ft=nprml&f=752341188","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 12 Sep 2019 11:16:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 12 Sep 2019 08:58:45 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 12 Sep 2019 11:16:36 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2019/08/20190826_atc_privacy_experts_say_the_use_of_tech_to_track_kids_in_school_isnt_worth_it.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=447&story=752341188&ft=nprml&f=752341188","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1759508160-c160fd.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=447&story=752341188&ft=nprml&f=752341188","audioTrackLength":447,"path":"/mindshift/54396/when-school-safety-becomes-school-surveillance","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2019/08/20190826_atc_privacy_experts_say_the_use_of_tech_to_track_kids_in_school_isnt_worth_it.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1013&d=447&story=752341188&ft=nprml&f=752341188","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a photo taken last March, a teenage boy is sitting at his desk with a plastic pellet gun that looks a lot like an AR-15. The airsoft rifle is propped up on the arm of a chair, pointing at the ceiling, and the boy, Eric, is looking at the camera. We're not using his last name to protect his privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric's friend took the picture. At the time, Eric says, he didn't realize his friend had captioned the photo \"Don't come to school Monday\" and had sent it to others on Snapchat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think he really had the intention of getting me in trouble,\" Eric says, explaining his friend's post as \"dark humor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Eric, who is now in 10th grade, did get in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Someone reported the photo to Miami-Dade County Public Schools, where Eric is a student. Two police officers and Eric's principal took him out of class to question him. \"I was terrified,\" Eric says. \"They think that I wanted to shoot up the school, and I didn't. I didn't want to at all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric was recommended for expulsion. His parents fought it, explaining that he didn't take the picture, caption it or send it to anyone himself. Ultimately, he was moved from his A-rated magnet school to a different school with a C rating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His parents want to transfer him somewhere else. But they worry about what his record now says. Eric's dad, Ricardo, says, \"Anybody that doesn't know the story will read this and say, 'There's no way in the world I'm gonna put this child in my school.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for Miami-Dade schools said the district takes threats seriously, investigates them thoroughly and disciplines students when necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many students, this new school year will mean more reasons to watch what they do or say online. Spurred in part by the school shooting in Parkland, Fla., a year and a half ago, schools nationwide are collaborating with law enforcement in new ways in efforts to avoid the kind of tragedies that, while still rare, are far too familiar. They're investing in new security technologies that scan social media posts, school assignments and even student emails for potential threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These companies say they are saving lives. Privacy hawks and advocates for vulnerable students, such as those with disabilities, worry that these new surveillance technologies could threaten students' privacy and have far-reaching implications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Florida out in front\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not surprisingly, Florida is at the forefront of this new wave of school security efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the Parkland shooting, the Miami-Dade school district has opened a police command center with live video feeds from 18,000 cameras located in its public schools. It has installed GPS tracking on every school bus. There is an app through which the public can report threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, on Aug. 1, the state launched an ambitious data repository called the\u003ca href=\"http://www.fldoe.org/newsroom/latest-news/department-of-education-announces-the-florida-schools-safety-portal.stml\"> Florida Schools Safety Portal\u003c/a>. It's intended to collect information from school discipline records, law enforcement and mental health and child welfare systems and display it all in one place, alongside tips sent in by the public and automatic scans of social media posts for potential threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the state's answer to a problem that policymakers have been trying to solve since the Feb. 14, 2018, mass shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, which left 17 people dead and 17 injured. Various people had concerns that the confessed shooter was dangerous, but they weren't always comparing notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system has been controversial from the start. State advocates for students with disabilities and students with mental illnesses raised alarms that children would be unfairly stigmatized and tracked for actions rooted in their conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social Sentinel, one of the largest companies in the business of scanning social media for schools, declined to be a part of the portal, because, it said in a statement, \"we did not feel comfortable participating in an extensive database of student profiles.\" The firm is still serving schools in Florida — it just won't link its results to the portal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The portal just launched, but officials involved with the process have already started to question whether it will work as designed, as a one-stop shop of information. Because of privacy concerns, no one will be able to access the data without authorization — and only a cop can see the law enforcement records, and only a school official can see the discipline records. So instead of integrating data, the portal essentially keeps it siloed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Department of Education and all the other stakeholders that were tasked with doing this have done the absolute best possible job they could with what they were asked to ... accomplish,\" Bob Gualtieri, a Florida sheriff and the chair of the state's Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Public Safety Commission, said at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fdle.state.fl.us/MSDHS/Meetings/2019/August/815-19-MSD-Commission-Closed-Session-Removd_Redact.aspx\">public meeting Aug. 15\u003c/a>. \"What they were asked to accomplish is, in essence, the impossible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initially set up to investigate the Parkland shooting, the commission's brief has grown to encompass school safety across the state, including the portal effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>False alarms\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late one night last spring, after an event, David Cittadino got an alert that someone might want to hurt his students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cittadino is the superintendent of schools in Old Bridge, N.J. Safety has been an increasing concern in this suburban township, as it has been around the United States. Cittadino's first year as assistant superintendent, 2012, not only was the year of the Sandy Hook school shooting, but was when, in his own small community, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nj.com/middlesex/2012/08/nj_supermarket_shooting_killer.html\">two young graduates\u003c/a> of Old Bridge High School were shot and killed by a troubled veteran at a local supermarket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the school district has \"hardened\" schools, Cittadino says: more police, more security measures at the doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he adds, he has seen a new urgency in the past year. \"Things changed after Parkland,\" he says. He remembers a school board meeting with members of the public asking, \"What are you going to do?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his district, as for hundreds more around the country, the answer was new technology. Cittadino dug through his old phone messages and returned a call to Social Sentinel. It offers school professionals \"Total Awareness,\" its website says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social Sentinel scans public posts to social media for potential threats to a school community. The company won't say exactly how it identifies which accounts to scan. When a threat is found, it is shared automatically with district officials and sometimes with the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A different company with a parallel mission, called Gaggle, scans learning software for similar threats. That means emails sent by students and faculty on school accounts, school assignments written with Google Docs or within the student software Canvas, and even calendar entries made in Microsoft Office. Gaggle safety experts manually review each alert before passing it along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaggle reported that between July and December 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gaggle.net/wp-content/uploads/ThroughTheGaggleLens-interactive.pdf\">it found 51,000 \u003c/a>examples of what it called \"questionable content\" — most often bullying or sexual content, less often self-harm and least often threats of violence to others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On its website, Gaggle claims that it has \"helped districts save 722 students from carrying out an act of suicide.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That figure, says Gaggle CEO Jeff Patterson, is based \"on the severity of the incident, the specificity of it and the imminent nature.\" He gives an example: \"I'm getting on the bus, my parents aren't home and I'm going to kill myself.\" Stories like these are what sell these technology products. But details often can't be shared with the public or the press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Trimble-Oliver is the chief information officer of Cincinnati Public Schools, which is a customer of Gaggle. The school district has about 36,000 students, and last year, it had about 90 serious incidents that came into it through Gaggle. In one such case, \"it actually came through as an alert for self-harm,\" Trimble-Oliver says. \"We did find that there was some actual planning for self-harm and harm to others.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Software offerings like these promise to partially automate school safety, giving school leaders like Cittadino and Trimble-Oliver peace of mind. They're meant to help administrators answer the question \"What are you going to do to prevent the next incident?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cittadino points out that shootings like the ones in Parkland and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/08/04/748111546/dayton-police-killed-shooter-within-30-seconds-of-first-shot\">Dayton, Ohio\u003c/a>, were preceded by threatening statements made online. \"For every incident we're reading about, not just the ones at schools, there was a social media footprint that led to these tragedies — people putting it on social media, dealing with feelings of loss, shut out by society, left alone, seeking revenge,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, after the Columbine High School shooting, the U.S. Secret Service studied shootings committed by adolescents. In 81% of cases, at least one person knew the shooter was planning or thinking about committing violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what happened that night in the spring of 2018 — the incident that Cittadino remembers as proving the usefulness of his security system, the reason that Social Sentinel connected him to a reporter — also shows the drawbacks of this move toward high-tech surveillance in schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First of all, the post, which Cittadino paraphrases as \"I would not have a problem with taking out a bunch of people all at once, and I would have no remorse for it,\" didn't come from a current student. It was from an account that Social Sentinel connected to Old Bridge schools based on its algorithm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second, after Cittadino contacted police, they showed up at the person's house and determined that it was not a serious threat. It was more like someone venting emotions, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, as a result of this system, a school official experienced anxiety and sent the police to a young person's home late at night, with unknown repercussions to that person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cittadino sees a success story, a potential crisis averted. Social Sentinel sees the validation of its model. Amelia Vance, a student privacy advocate with the Future of Privacy Forum, sees a false alarm that burdens school and law enforcement resources, even as it infringes on civil liberties and free speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no proven information showing that social media monitoring is useful,\" she says. \"We have a lot of data showing it overwhelms with false flags.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>No easy answers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the hard truth: School shootings of any kind — and mass shootings in general — are still so rare that there is no evidence that any particular security measure will reduce them. That was the conclusion of a review of literature by Jagdish Khubchandani, a professor at Ball State University, that was \u003ca href=\"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/vio.2018.0044\">published this year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether you're talking about locked doors to the building, security cameras, metal detectors, more police officers, random checks of lockers — none of it has been shown to improve safety. To prove so, says Khubchandani, would involve randomly assigning similar schools to use a particular measure rather than another and then following up for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newer high-tech alert systems, as well as facial and voice recognition, have no evidence behind them either, Khubchandani tells NPR. Still, he holds out hope: \"If ... shooters have these warning signs, it does seem like a new out-of-the-box approach. It could be promising.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also sees a drawback. \"I hope that the social media monitoring does not make criminals out of a bunch of students who are having problems.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School leaders, for their part, feel bound to do something to help. In fact, according to Vance, the student privacy advocate, in today's climate they may face legal liabilities if they don't — if they miss something, if something happens and they should have known. And technology companies, having taken millions of dollars from investors, are offering solutions for that anxiety. But it's not clear that students are any safer as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+School+Safety+Becomes+School+Surveillance&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/54396/when-school-safety-becomes-school-surveillance","authors":["byline_mindshift_54396"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_117","mindshift_21290"],"featImg":"mindshift_54397","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_51772":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_51772","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"51772","score":null,"sort":[1535695130000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-data-privacy-lessons-in-alternative-reality-games-can-help-kids-in-real-life","title":"How Data Privacy Lessons in Alternative Reality Games Can Help Kids In Real Life","publishDate":1535695130,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ubiquitous social media platforms—including Facebook, Twitter and Instagram—have created a venue for people to share and connect with others. We use these services by clicking “I Agree” on Terms of Service screens, trading off some of our private and personal data for seemingly free services. While these services say data collection helps create a better user experience, that data is also potentially exploitable. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The news about how third parties \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/19/technology/facebook-cambridge-analytica-explained.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">obtain and use Facebook users’\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> data to wage political campaigns and the mounting evidence of election interference have shined a spotlight on just how secure our data is when we share online. Educating youth about data security can fall under the larger umbrella of\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/videos/what-is-digital-citizenship\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">digital citizenship\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, such as social media uses and misuses and learning how not to embarrass or endanger oneself while using the internet. But few resources compare to actually experiencing a data and privacy breach. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To ensure that students learn about online privacy and data security, high school English language arts teachers \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://thealternateclassroom.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">John Fallon\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Connecticut and\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ludiclearning.org/\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Paul Darvasi\u003c/span>\u003c/a> (who also reports for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/pauldarvasi\">\u003cem>MindShift\u003c/em>\u003c/a>)\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Toronto co-created Blind Protocol, an\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternate_reality_game\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">alternate reality game\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. ARGs blend fiction with the real world by creating narratives and puzzles that take participants deeper into the story by way of their actions. F\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">allon and Darvasi’s ARG goal was not to inform students on how to actually hack or spy; rather, they use game tactics to teach about the vulnerability of their data.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Every decision and click you make is being recorded and scraped by somebody who doesn’t have your privacy and interests at heart,” Fallon says to his students. “Think carefully about whether you want your cookie crumbs to be spread.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51774\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-51774 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668.jpeg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-1180x885.jpeg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-960x720.jpeg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-240x180.jpeg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-375x281.jpeg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-520x390.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Fallon's students create work that will earn them faux bitcoins that can be used for purchasing and launching protocols against the other team so they can uncover their identities. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Fallon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>HOW ALTERNATE REALITY BEGINS\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ARG unit starts with the viewing of several privacy-focused films, including the Edward Snowden documentary\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://watchdocumentaries.com/citizenfour/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Citizenfour\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” PBS Frontline's\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/film/united-states-of-secrets/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The United States of Secrets\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” which is about the National Security Administration, and the film “Terms and Conditions May Apply.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When the teachers are ready to begin the ARG -- Fallon in Connecticut with his Fairfield Country Day School students and Darvasi in Toronto with his Royal St. George's College pupils -- students start out by viewing a TED Talk about online privacy and data surveillance. (The two classes are experiencing the ARG separately and the students are unaware of each other's existence, until they eventually interact halfway through the four-week unit.) \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“All of a sudden, I get a phone call,” Darvasi said. Fallon gets the same fake phone call, too, as each follows the same setup. Each teacher then steps outside his classroom, leaving the students alone. Then the video restarts, seemingly gets hacked and a voice urges students to check their email. Students then find an email from a mysterious entity named HORUS that has an email with the school domain address. The message from HORUS contains a video message with instructions for the ARG. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://vimeo.com/200696219\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students are then given a series of clues that unlock more clues as the game progresses. For example, clues in the email lead students to four canopic jars containing USB drives. Details on the jars unlock access to the contents of the password-protected USB drives. The clues within the drives lead students to a game manual buried somewhere on campus that allows them to unlock more clues. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the second week, students come up with user profiles on a PDF that include four details -- a self-selected image, nickname, symbol and motto -- and turn them into their teacher, who acts as a conduit for HORUS. Several days later, much to their shock, according to the teachers, the students find a stash of profiles delivered by HORUS that include photos, nicknames, symbols and mottos -- but the profiles are not their own. They are surprised to discover that, somewhere else in the world, HORUS has clearly led another group of students through the same steps. The questions is: Who are they and where are they?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The students’ game goal is to uncover the location and identities of their newly discovered counterparts. The process of uncovering this data is the win condition of the game, and the central mechanic that drives student engagement and learning.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“John and I play dumb,” said Darvasi, who said it’s up to the students to solve the game while the teachers act as intermediaries. “We tell the students we know a little more than you do. Obviously, they know we're pulling the wool over their eyes and we’re in on it, but they still happily play along.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51776\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-51776 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/Library-Clue-e1533161308966.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1695\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A clue for a side mission was planted at the school library inside a digital privacy book, \"I Know Who You Are and I Saw What You Did: Social Networks and the Death of Privacy\" by Lori Andrews. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Paul Darvasi)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the process of uncovering data about the other students with four details and additional tools, students learn about how much data people, especially teens, reveal about themselves online and how little information it takes to identify someone. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>LAUNCHING PROTOCOLS\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Through an additional series of clues, students are led to another important tool to unlock the game: a catalog of 20 protocols. Inspired by the NSA ANT \u003ca href=\"https://gizmodo.com/a-peek-inside-the-nsas-spy-gear-catalog-1491827763\">catalog\u003c/a> that detailed the types of protocols that can be launched against a target for cyber surveillance (with names such as GOPHERSET and COTTONMOUTH-1), Darvasi and Fallon created their own catalog from which students can purchase protocols with faux cryptocurrency they’re given at the start of the game. No student has enough to buy a protocol on their own, so students have to pool their money and make selections strategically as a group. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For example, Darvasi’s students in Toronto can pool together 55 faux bitcoins to purchase and launch the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/Catalog-Protocol-16.pdf\">BOTTING\u003c/a> protocol against an opponent. The student targeted at Fallon’s school in Connecticut would then have 48 hours to record audio of 10 words of Darvasi’s students choosing and send it back to them through an intermediary (Darvasi or Fallon). For a higher price of 65 faux bitcoins, students can launch \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/Catalog-Protocol-008.pdf\">MORPHLING\u003c/a>, which would give the opponent 48 hours to record a one-minute video explaining three ways to stay safe while using Facebook, while making their school mascot (or a close approximation of) appear in the video in some way during the entire minute. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ultimately, the students on the receiving end of the protocol are trying to comply with the request while revealing as little information as possible. The goal is to avoid having their true identities revealed. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In an example of how snippets of data can reveal a bigger picture, students launched a desktop protocol, in which the opponent is required to take a screenshot of their own computer desktop. The student whose screenshot was submitted left his first name on one file and last name on another document that was visible. Opponents searched for that student’s name and identified their Facebook profile -- where he was wearing his school colors -- and won. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51775\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-51775 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/Pole-Poster-Clue-e1533161469485.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of several clues planted near Darvasi's school that helped students advance in the game. (Courtesy of Paul Darvasi)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MAKING LEARNING REAL\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Running the game with two different groups imbues students with\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the sensation of online vulnerability without actually putting anyone’s real-life data at risk. The two teachers run the game together, but are exploring playing with more classes around the world. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ultimately, the teachers’ learning goal is to drive home a deeper understanding of what it takes to maintain good online security and privacy practices. More than \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">how\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, students learn \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">why\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> they should be careful about what they post on social media. “Students learn why they must change passwords, and why they should be careful about their digital footprints,” Fallon said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fallon and Darvasi carefully mediate the entire experience, pulling the game’s strings and levers in the background, as students play in class. “The game is metaphorical, not real—but the impact is,” said Fallon, who now teaches at a different school. Students know they are in a game and that their actual identities are safe. “If a group of strangers from another country only needed a street sign and your school colors to figure out where you are, think about how vulnerable you are online.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"By creating an alternative reality game about data and privacy, teachers imbue students with a deeper understanding of what's at stake in regards to what they reveal online. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1535695904,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":1473},"headData":{"title":"How Data Privacy Lessons in Alternative Reality Games Can Help Kids In Real Life | KQED","description":"By creating an alternative reality game about data and privacy, teachers imbue students with a deeper understanding of what's at stake in regards to what they reveal online. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Data Privacy Lessons in Alternative Reality Games Can Help Kids In Real Life","datePublished":"2018-08-31T05:58:50.000Z","dateModified":"2018-08-31T06:11:44.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"51772 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=51772","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2018/08/30/how-data-privacy-lessons-in-alternative-reality-games-can-help-kids-in-real-life/","disqusTitle":"How Data Privacy Lessons in Alternative Reality Games Can Help Kids In Real Life","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MatthewFarber\">Matthew Farber\u003c/a>","path":"/mindshift/51772/how-data-privacy-lessons-in-alternative-reality-games-can-help-kids-in-real-life","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ubiquitous social media platforms—including Facebook, Twitter and Instagram—have created a venue for people to share and connect with others. We use these services by clicking “I Agree” on Terms of Service screens, trading off some of our private and personal data for seemingly free services. While these services say data collection helps create a better user experience, that data is also potentially exploitable. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The news about how third parties \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/19/technology/facebook-cambridge-analytica-explained.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">obtain and use Facebook users’\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> data to wage political campaigns and the mounting evidence of election interference have shined a spotlight on just how secure our data is when we share online. Educating youth about data security can fall under the larger umbrella of\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/videos/what-is-digital-citizenship\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">digital citizenship\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, such as social media uses and misuses and learning how not to embarrass or endanger oneself while using the internet. But few resources compare to actually experiencing a data and privacy breach. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To ensure that students learn about online privacy and data security, high school English language arts teachers \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://thealternateclassroom.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">John Fallon\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Connecticut and\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ludiclearning.org/\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Paul Darvasi\u003c/span>\u003c/a> (who also reports for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/pauldarvasi\">\u003cem>MindShift\u003c/em>\u003c/a>)\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Toronto co-created Blind Protocol, an\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternate_reality_game\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">alternate reality game\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. ARGs blend fiction with the real world by creating narratives and puzzles that take participants deeper into the story by way of their actions. F\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">allon and Darvasi’s ARG goal was not to inform students on how to actually hack or spy; rather, they use game tactics to teach about the vulnerability of their data.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Every decision and click you make is being recorded and scraped by somebody who doesn’t have your privacy and interests at heart,” Fallon says to his students. “Think carefully about whether you want your cookie crumbs to be spread.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51774\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-51774 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668.jpeg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-1200x900.jpeg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-1180x885.jpeg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-960x720.jpeg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-240x180.jpeg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-375x281.jpeg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/2017-02-03_11-00-02_9291-e1533161202668-520x390.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Fallon's students create work that will earn them faux bitcoins that can be used for purchasing and launching protocols against the other team so they can uncover their identities. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Fallon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>HOW ALTERNATE REALITY BEGINS\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ARG unit starts with the viewing of several privacy-focused films, including the Edward Snowden documentary\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://watchdocumentaries.com/citizenfour/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Citizenfour\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” PBS Frontline's\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/film/united-states-of-secrets/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The United States of Secrets\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” which is about the National Security Administration, and the film “Terms and Conditions May Apply.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When the teachers are ready to begin the ARG -- Fallon in Connecticut with his Fairfield Country Day School students and Darvasi in Toronto with his Royal St. George's College pupils -- students start out by viewing a TED Talk about online privacy and data surveillance. (The two classes are experiencing the ARG separately and the students are unaware of each other's existence, until they eventually interact halfway through the four-week unit.) \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“All of a sudden, I get a phone call,” Darvasi said. Fallon gets the same fake phone call, too, as each follows the same setup. Each teacher then steps outside his classroom, leaving the students alone. Then the video restarts, seemingly gets hacked and a voice urges students to check their email. Students then find an email from a mysterious entity named HORUS that has an email with the school domain address. The message from HORUS contains a video message with instructions for the ARG. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"vimeoLink","attributes":{"named":{"vimeoId":"200696219"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students are then given a series of clues that unlock more clues as the game progresses. For example, clues in the email lead students to four canopic jars containing USB drives. Details on the jars unlock access to the contents of the password-protected USB drives. The clues within the drives lead students to a game manual buried somewhere on campus that allows them to unlock more clues. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the second week, students come up with user profiles on a PDF that include four details -- a self-selected image, nickname, symbol and motto -- and turn them into their teacher, who acts as a conduit for HORUS. Several days later, much to their shock, according to the teachers, the students find a stash of profiles delivered by HORUS that include photos, nicknames, symbols and mottos -- but the profiles are not their own. They are surprised to discover that, somewhere else in the world, HORUS has clearly led another group of students through the same steps. The questions is: Who are they and where are they?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The students’ game goal is to uncover the location and identities of their newly discovered counterparts. The process of uncovering this data is the win condition of the game, and the central mechanic that drives student engagement and learning.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“John and I play dumb,” said Darvasi, who said it’s up to the students to solve the game while the teachers act as intermediaries. “We tell the students we know a little more than you do. Obviously, they know we're pulling the wool over their eyes and we’re in on it, but they still happily play along.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51776\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-51776 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/Library-Clue-e1533161308966.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1695\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A clue for a side mission was planted at the school library inside a digital privacy book, \"I Know Who You Are and I Saw What You Did: Social Networks and the Death of Privacy\" by Lori Andrews. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Paul Darvasi)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the process of uncovering data about the other students with four details and additional tools, students learn about how much data people, especially teens, reveal about themselves online and how little information it takes to identify someone. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>LAUNCHING PROTOCOLS\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Through an additional series of clues, students are led to another important tool to unlock the game: a catalog of 20 protocols. Inspired by the NSA ANT \u003ca href=\"https://gizmodo.com/a-peek-inside-the-nsas-spy-gear-catalog-1491827763\">catalog\u003c/a> that detailed the types of protocols that can be launched against a target for cyber surveillance (with names such as GOPHERSET and COTTONMOUTH-1), Darvasi and Fallon created their own catalog from which students can purchase protocols with faux cryptocurrency they’re given at the start of the game. No student has enough to buy a protocol on their own, so students have to pool their money and make selections strategically as a group. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For example, Darvasi’s students in Toronto can pool together 55 faux bitcoins to purchase and launch the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/Catalog-Protocol-16.pdf\">BOTTING\u003c/a> protocol against an opponent. The student targeted at Fallon’s school in Connecticut would then have 48 hours to record audio of 10 words of Darvasi’s students choosing and send it back to them through an intermediary (Darvasi or Fallon). For a higher price of 65 faux bitcoins, students can launch \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/Catalog-Protocol-008.pdf\">MORPHLING\u003c/a>, which would give the opponent 48 hours to record a one-minute video explaining three ways to stay safe while using Facebook, while making their school mascot (or a close approximation of) appear in the video in some way during the entire minute. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ultimately, the students on the receiving end of the protocol are trying to comply with the request while revealing as little information as possible. The goal is to avoid having their true identities revealed. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In an example of how snippets of data can reveal a bigger picture, students launched a desktop protocol, in which the opponent is required to take a screenshot of their own computer desktop. The student whose screenshot was submitted left his first name on one file and last name on another document that was visible. Opponents searched for that student’s name and identified their Facebook profile -- where he was wearing his school colors -- and won. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51775\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-51775 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/08/Pole-Poster-Clue-e1533161469485.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of several clues planted near Darvasi's school that helped students advance in the game. (Courtesy of Paul Darvasi)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>MAKING LEARNING REAL\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Running the game with two different groups imbues students with\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the sensation of online vulnerability without actually putting anyone’s real-life data at risk. The two teachers run the game together, but are exploring playing with more classes around the world. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ultimately, the teachers’ learning goal is to drive home a deeper understanding of what it takes to maintain good online security and privacy practices. More than \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">how\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, students learn \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">why\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> they should be careful about what they post on social media. “Students learn why they must change passwords, and why they should be careful about their digital footprints,” Fallon said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fallon and Darvasi carefully mediate the entire experience, pulling the game’s strings and levers in the background, as students play in class. “The game is metaphorical, not real—but the impact is,” said Fallon, who now teaches at a different school. Students know they are in a game and that their actual identities are safe. “If a group of strangers from another country only needed a street sign and your school colors to figure out where you are, think about how vulnerable you are online.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/51772/how-data-privacy-lessons-in-alternative-reality-games-can-help-kids-in-real-life","authors":["byline_mindshift_51772"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_631","mindshift_968","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_548","mindshift_117"],"featImg":"mindshift_52032","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_45396":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_45396","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"45396","score":null,"sort":[1465284098000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"whats-at-risk-when-schools-focus-too-much-on-student-data","title":"What's At Risk When Schools Focus Too Much on Student Data?","publishDate":1465284098,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Have you ever seen a school data wall?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a struggling Newark, N.J., public school, I've seen bulletin boards showing the test scores of each grade compared with state averages. And in one in affluent Silicon Valley, I've seen smartboards that track individual students' math responses in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These kinds of public displays send a message: This school cares about student performance by the numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You've probably heard about the positive side of all that data gathering and sharing. Like this story we ran just last week about \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2016/05/30/477506418/what-one-districts-data-mining-did-for-chronic-absence\">a district that used data as the catalyst to conquer chronic absences\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as \"data-driven\" education becomes more popular, critics are also raising a range of concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Education has increasingly encouraged and funded states to collect and analyze information about students: grades, state test scores, attendance, behavior, lateness, graduation rates and school climate measures like surveys of student engagement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its recent announcement of new regulations, the department emphasizes \"\u003ca href=\"http://www2.ed.gov/policy/elsec/leg/essa/nprmaccountabilitychart52016.pdf\">ensuring the use of multiple measures of school success based on academic outcomes, student progress, and school quality\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The education technology industry, meanwhile, keeps making it easier for teachers to record and share information on students. Check out the \"dashboards\" inside programs like Google Apps for Education, or freestanding gradebook apps like JumpRope, or ClassDojo, focused on behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Software also collects information on students all by itself. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2015/10/13/437265231/meet-the-mind-reading-robo-tutor-in-the-sky\">Jose Ferreira, CEO of Knewton\u003c/a>, said in a 2012 speech that his \"adaptive learning\" platform, used by 10 million students globally, collects 5 to 10 million data points per student per day — down to how many seconds it takes you to answer that algebra problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We literally have more data about our students than any company has about anybody else about anything,\" Ferreira said. \u003ca href=\"http://nepc.colorado.edu/publication/schoolhouse-commercialism-2015\">\"And it's not even close.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The argument in favor of all this is that the more we know about how students are doing, the better we can target instruction and other interventions. And sharing that information with parents and the community at large is crucial. It can motivate big changes. It's to serve equity and uphold civil rights, say the latest Ed Department regulations, that states must \"provide clear and transparent information on critical measures of school quality and equity to parents and community members.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we're also starting to hear more about what might be lost when schools focus too much on data. Here are five arguments against the excesses of data-driven instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1) Motivation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A body of psychology research shows that merely being reminded of one's group identity, or that a certain test has shown differences in performance between, say, women and men, can be enough to depress outcomes on that test for the affected group. This is known as \u003ca href=\"http://www.apa.org/research/action/stereotype.aspx\">stereotype threat\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a highly data-driven classroom, students who struggle may be made acutely aware, to the percentile, of how far behind the average they are. This could be enough to trigger stereotype threat, depressing performance still more. Or, it could create negative feelings about school, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2016/05/24/478239416/helping-children-succeed-starts-at-birth-heres-how-to-do-it\">threatening students' sense of belonging, which is key to academic motivation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what about the students who are leading the dashboard, collecting badges, prizes or virtual stickers? These kinds of extrinsic rewards could depress their interest in an activity for its own sake, \u003ca href=\"http://selfdeterminationtheory.org/SDT/documents/2001_DeciKoestnerRyan.pdf\">researchers have found\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> 2) Helicoptering\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '80s, my parents dropped me off at school and hoped for the best. They may have gotten a call from the teacher if something was wrong; otherwise, no news was good news until the first report card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, parents increasingly are receiving \u003ca href=\"https://www.classdojo.com/#LearnMore\">daily text messages\u003c/a> with photos and videos from the classroom. And some software systems let them log on and see exactly how Jasper or Alaia are performing, assignment by assignment, even down to the number of minutes spent reading or practicing Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this info could be a great way for parents to partner in their kids' education. It could also enable or even encourage a new level of educational helicopter parenting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A style of overly involved \"intrusive parenting\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2015/07/helicopter_parenting_is_increasingly_correlated_with_college_age_depression.html\">has been associated in studies with increased levels of anxiety and depression when students reach college\u003c/a>. \"Parent portals as utilized in K-12 education are doing significant harm to student development,\" argues college instructor John Warner in a recent piece for \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/just-visiting/shut-down-parent-portals-dangers-real-time-data#_ftnref\">Inside Higher Ed\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3) Commercial Monitoring and Marketing\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Have you ever been served an ad in the middle of your English homework? The \u003ca href=\"http://nepc.colorado.edu/publication/schoolhouse-commercialism-2015\">National Education Policy Center\u003c/a> releases annual reports on commercialization and marketing in public schools. In its most recent report in May, researchers there raised concerns about targeted marketing to students using computers for schoolwork and homework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.siia.net/blog/index/Post/66600/Myths-in-Student-Privacy-and-Advertising\">Companies like Google pledge not to track\u003c/a> the content of schoolwork for the purposes of advertising. But in reality these boundaries can be a lot more porous. For example, a high school student profiled in the NEPC report often consulted commercial programs like \u003ca href=\"http://www.dictionary.com/\">dictionary.com\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sparknotes.com/\">Sparknotes\u003c/a>: \"Once when she had been looking at shoes, she mentioned, an ad for shoes appeared in the middle of a Sparknotes chapter summary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors of the NEPC report observed:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Schools have proven to be a soft target for data gathering and marketing. Not only are they eager to adopt technology that promises better learning, but their lack of resources makes them susceptible to offers of free technology, free programs and activities, free educational materials, and help with fundraising.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4) Missing What Data Can't Capture\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Computer systems are most comfortable recording and analyzing quantifiable, structured data. The number of absences in a semester, say; or a three-digit score on a multiple-choice test that can be graded by machine, where every question has just one right answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what about a semester-long group project where one student overcame her natural tendency to procrastinate, excelled in the design and construction of Odysseus's ship out of cardboard, but then plagiarized part of the explanatory text? What about a student who manages \"only\" 10 absences despite changing living situations three times during the semester? Can dashboards reflect these complexities?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5) Exposing Students' \"Permanent Records\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past few years \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/financial-services-and-commerce/use-of-credit-info-in-employ-2013-legis.aspx\">several states have passed laws\u003c/a> banning employers from looking at the credit reports of job applicants. Employers want people who are reliable and responsible. But privacy advocates argue that a past medical issue or even a bankruptcy shouldn't unfairly dun a person who needs a fresh start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, for young people who get in trouble with the law, there is a procedure for sealing juvenile records, because it's understood that even grave mistakes shouldn't haunt young people forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educational transcripts, unlike credit reports or juvenile court records, are currently considered fair game for gatekeepers like colleges and employers. These records, though, are getting much more detailed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arguably, they more closely resemble credit reports, court records or even psychological dossiers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ClassDojo, for example, reports on students' \"Perseverance,\" \"Teamwork,\" \"Leadership,\" \"Resourcefulness\" and \"Curiosity.\" That kind of information in the past would come, if at all, from carefully curated recommendation letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's certainly imaginable that both colleges and employers will want to see this info now that it's available in a broader, more accessible format. Should they have access to it? Only if it's beneficial or if it's damaging as well? Who decides?\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=5+Doubts+About+Data-Driven+Schools&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Schools are measuring students in multiple ways — sometimes making that information public. The potential pitfalls are multiplying, too.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1465284098,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":38,"wordCount":1244},"headData":{"title":"What's At Risk When Schools Focus Too Much on Student Data? | KQED","description":"Schools are measuring students in multiple ways — sometimes making that information public. The potential pitfalls are multiplying, too.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"What's At Risk When Schools Focus Too Much on Student Data?","datePublished":"2016-06-07T07:21:38.000Z","dateModified":"2016-06-07T07:21:38.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"45396 http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=45396","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2016/06/07/whats-at-risk-when-schools-focus-too-much-on-student-data/","disqusTitle":"What's At Risk When Schools Focus Too Much on Student Data?","nprImageCredit":"Jamie Jones","nprByline":"Anya Kamenetz","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images/Ikon Images","nprStoryId":"480029234","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=480029234&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2016/06/03/480029234/5-doubts-about-data-driven-schools?ft=nprml&f=480029234","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 03 Jun 2016 11:11:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 03 Jun 2016 06:00:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 03 Jun 2016 11:11:44 -0400","path":"/mindshift/45396/whats-at-risk-when-schools-focus-too-much-on-student-data","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Have you ever seen a school data wall?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a struggling Newark, N.J., public school, I've seen bulletin boards showing the test scores of each grade compared with state averages. And in one in affluent Silicon Valley, I've seen smartboards that track individual students' math responses in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These kinds of public displays send a message: This school cares about student performance by the numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You've probably heard about the positive side of all that data gathering and sharing. Like this story we ran just last week about \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2016/05/30/477506418/what-one-districts-data-mining-did-for-chronic-absence\">a district that used data as the catalyst to conquer chronic absences\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as \"data-driven\" education becomes more popular, critics are also raising a range of concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Education has increasingly encouraged and funded states to collect and analyze information about students: grades, state test scores, attendance, behavior, lateness, graduation rates and school climate measures like surveys of student engagement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its recent announcement of new regulations, the department emphasizes \"\u003ca href=\"http://www2.ed.gov/policy/elsec/leg/essa/nprmaccountabilitychart52016.pdf\">ensuring the use of multiple measures of school success based on academic outcomes, student progress, and school quality\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The education technology industry, meanwhile, keeps making it easier for teachers to record and share information on students. Check out the \"dashboards\" inside programs like Google Apps for Education, or freestanding gradebook apps like JumpRope, or ClassDojo, focused on behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Software also collects information on students all by itself. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2015/10/13/437265231/meet-the-mind-reading-robo-tutor-in-the-sky\">Jose Ferreira, CEO of Knewton\u003c/a>, said in a 2012 speech that his \"adaptive learning\" platform, used by 10 million students globally, collects 5 to 10 million data points per student per day — down to how many seconds it takes you to answer that algebra problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We literally have more data about our students than any company has about anybody else about anything,\" Ferreira said. \u003ca href=\"http://nepc.colorado.edu/publication/schoolhouse-commercialism-2015\">\"And it's not even close.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The argument in favor of all this is that the more we know about how students are doing, the better we can target instruction and other interventions. And sharing that information with parents and the community at large is crucial. It can motivate big changes. It's to serve equity and uphold civil rights, say the latest Ed Department regulations, that states must \"provide clear and transparent information on critical measures of school quality and equity to parents and community members.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we're also starting to hear more about what might be lost when schools focus too much on data. Here are five arguments against the excesses of data-driven instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1) Motivation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A body of psychology research shows that merely being reminded of one's group identity, or that a certain test has shown differences in performance between, say, women and men, can be enough to depress outcomes on that test for the affected group. This is known as \u003ca href=\"http://www.apa.org/research/action/stereotype.aspx\">stereotype threat\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a highly data-driven classroom, students who struggle may be made acutely aware, to the percentile, of how far behind the average they are. This could be enough to trigger stereotype threat, depressing performance still more. Or, it could create negative feelings about school, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2016/05/24/478239416/helping-children-succeed-starts-at-birth-heres-how-to-do-it\">threatening students' sense of belonging, which is key to academic motivation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what about the students who are leading the dashboard, collecting badges, prizes or virtual stickers? These kinds of extrinsic rewards could depress their interest in an activity for its own sake, \u003ca href=\"http://selfdeterminationtheory.org/SDT/documents/2001_DeciKoestnerRyan.pdf\">researchers have found\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> 2) Helicoptering\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '80s, my parents dropped me off at school and hoped for the best. They may have gotten a call from the teacher if something was wrong; otherwise, no news was good news until the first report card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, parents increasingly are receiving \u003ca href=\"https://www.classdojo.com/#LearnMore\">daily text messages\u003c/a> with photos and videos from the classroom. And some software systems let them log on and see exactly how Jasper or Alaia are performing, assignment by assignment, even down to the number of minutes spent reading or practicing Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this info could be a great way for parents to partner in their kids' education. It could also enable or even encourage a new level of educational helicopter parenting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A style of overly involved \"intrusive parenting\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2015/07/helicopter_parenting_is_increasingly_correlated_with_college_age_depression.html\">has been associated in studies with increased levels of anxiety and depression when students reach college\u003c/a>. \"Parent portals as utilized in K-12 education are doing significant harm to student development,\" argues college instructor John Warner in a recent piece for \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/just-visiting/shut-down-parent-portals-dangers-real-time-data#_ftnref\">Inside Higher Ed\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3) Commercial Monitoring and Marketing\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Have you ever been served an ad in the middle of your English homework? The \u003ca href=\"http://nepc.colorado.edu/publication/schoolhouse-commercialism-2015\">National Education Policy Center\u003c/a> releases annual reports on commercialization and marketing in public schools. In its most recent report in May, researchers there raised concerns about targeted marketing to students using computers for schoolwork and homework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.siia.net/blog/index/Post/66600/Myths-in-Student-Privacy-and-Advertising\">Companies like Google pledge not to track\u003c/a> the content of schoolwork for the purposes of advertising. But in reality these boundaries can be a lot more porous. For example, a high school student profiled in the NEPC report often consulted commercial programs like \u003ca href=\"http://www.dictionary.com/\">dictionary.com\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sparknotes.com/\">Sparknotes\u003c/a>: \"Once when she had been looking at shoes, she mentioned, an ad for shoes appeared in the middle of a Sparknotes chapter summary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors of the NEPC report observed:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Schools have proven to be a soft target for data gathering and marketing. Not only are they eager to adopt technology that promises better learning, but their lack of resources makes them susceptible to offers of free technology, free programs and activities, free educational materials, and help with fundraising.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4) Missing What Data Can't Capture\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Computer systems are most comfortable recording and analyzing quantifiable, structured data. The number of absences in a semester, say; or a three-digit score on a multiple-choice test that can be graded by machine, where every question has just one right answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what about a semester-long group project where one student overcame her natural tendency to procrastinate, excelled in the design and construction of Odysseus's ship out of cardboard, but then plagiarized part of the explanatory text? What about a student who manages \"only\" 10 absences despite changing living situations three times during the semester? Can dashboards reflect these complexities?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5) Exposing Students' \"Permanent Records\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past few years \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/financial-services-and-commerce/use-of-credit-info-in-employ-2013-legis.aspx\">several states have passed laws\u003c/a> banning employers from looking at the credit reports of job applicants. Employers want people who are reliable and responsible. But privacy advocates argue that a past medical issue or even a bankruptcy shouldn't unfairly dun a person who needs a fresh start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, for young people who get in trouble with the law, there is a procedure for sealing juvenile records, because it's understood that even grave mistakes shouldn't haunt young people forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educational transcripts, unlike credit reports or juvenile court records, are currently considered fair game for gatekeepers like colleges and employers. These records, though, are getting much more detailed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arguably, they more closely resemble credit reports, court records or even psychological dossiers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ClassDojo, for example, reports on students' \"Perseverance,\" \"Teamwork,\" \"Leadership,\" \"Resourcefulness\" and \"Curiosity.\" That kind of information in the past would come, if at all, from carefully curated recommendation letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's certainly imaginable that both colleges and employers will want to see this info now that it's available in a broader, more accessible format. Should they have access to it? Only if it's beneficial or if it's damaging as well? Who decides?\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=5+Doubts+About+Data-Driven+Schools&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/45396/whats-at-risk-when-schools-focus-too-much-on-student-data","authors":["byline_mindshift_45396"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_561","mindshift_631","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_20985","mindshift_117","mindshift_20898"],"featImg":"mindshift_45402","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_39845":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_39845","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"39845","score":null,"sort":[1427227711000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"four-student-data-privacy-issues-adults-should-be-aware-of","title":"Four Student Data Privacy Issues Adults Should Be Aware Of","publishDate":1427227711,"format":"aside","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_39846\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2015/03/four-student-data-privacy-issues-adults-should-be-aware-of/student-data-privacy/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39846\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2015/03/student-data-security-a68dcebb859a895479da51b0759e8ba3294a9fc0-e1427221452719.jpg\" alt=\"LA Johnson/NPR\" width=\"640\" height=\"1080\" class=\"size-full wp-image-39846\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">LA Johnson/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Anya Kamenetz, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/ed/2015/03/23/393399168/in-congress-new-attention-to-student-privacy-fears\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several efforts in Washington are converging on the sensitive question of how best to safeguard the information software programs are gathering on students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A proposed Student Digital Privacy and Parental Rights Act of 2015 is circulating in draft form. It has bipartisan sponsorship from Democratic Rep. Jared S. Polis of Colorado and Republican Rep. Luke Messer of Indiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drafted with \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/01/12/fact-sheet-safeguarding-american-consumers-families\">White House\u003c/a> input, the bill joins a previous \u003ca href=\"http://www.markey.senate.gov/news/press-releases/markey-hatch-release-discussion-draft-of-legislation-addressing-student-privacy\">Senate proposal,\u003c/a> plus much \u003ca href=\"http://dataqualitycampaign.org/files/Privacy%20Legislation_Summary.pdf\">action on the state level\u003c/a>, from \u003ca href=\"http://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/department-releases-new-guidance-protecting-student-privacy-while-using-online-educational-services\">regulators,\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/image/signatories_consumer_protection.pdf\">from industry\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://studentdataprinciples.org/the-principleshttp://studentdataprinciples.org/principles-supporters/\">other\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://studentdataprinciples.org/principles-supporters/\">sector leaders\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer groups like Common Sense Media and companies like Microsoft have spoken positively of the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some student-privacy advocates are saying it doesn't go far enough in restricting what private companies can do with student data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is a start to try to get at a very complex issue,\" says Elana Zeide, an expert on student privacy at the Information Law Institute of New York University, who saw an earlier draft of the bill. \"But it's not going to satisfy a lot of parent advocates, because it leaves a lot of discretion to schools and companies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"GRCwXnKxdzytrvOmRmXkYAdM9tonL0CC\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Goldstein, who works with education clients at the law firm Cooley, says there's been an \"explosion\" of interest in privacy issues over the past five years. Technological advances have schools and universities outsourcing many more basic functions than in years past. Everything from grade books to tests to entire academic programs, he adds, is being handled by third-party, for-profit providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And these providers are capturing far more than names, addresses and end-of-term grades. In some cases, large amounts of student work, and literally millions of tiny interactions, are collected and stored in the cloud. Think of all the edits on a school paper written in Google Docs. Or all the interactions a student has with a Khan Academy math program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The major federal student privacy law on the books, \u003ca href=\"http://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html\">FERPA\u003c/a>, doesn't have much to say about this avalanche of data. That's because it deals mainly with the security of basic demographic information collected and held by schools themselves. \"There's been a shift in focus in terms of privacy laws and regulations affecting both schools and colleges — from a focus on what the schools do, to what providers do,\" says Goldstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand this issue, Goldstein and Zeide say, it's important to separate out several distinct, but related, concerns that fall under the broad umbrella of student privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Security. \u003c/strong>My child's information will be stolen and misused by hackers. She will be a victim of identity theft or her information will be exposed in an accidental data breach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Setting rules about how long data can be stored, and who can access the information, helps security. The draft House bill contains some broad security provisions, but security, says Zeide, is also determined by good training and protocols, not just regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Transparency.\u003c/strong> My child's information is being collected, circulated, stored and shared, but I don't know where or by whom or why. I won't be informed if there's a data breach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This bill includes some provisions on disclosure and parental notification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Commercialization.\u003c/strong> My child's information will be used to target online advertising or otherwise exploited for commercial gain. My child will be marketed to while she's doing her homework — or her homework will be used to sell things to other students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where the House bill focuses. It would prohibit the sale of student information and the targeting of advertising based on a profile of a student assembled over time. It contains an exception, though, meant for companies like The College Board, which sells information on students who take the SAT to colleges, which is then used to target scholarship offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Reputation. \u003c/strong>My child's information will be \"out there,\" discoverable in the ether somewhere. Her youthful mistakes and foibles, her low-income or English-language-learner status will follow her around. One day, her \"permanent record\" could limit her options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These \"reputational\" issues are much more complicated than the rest. They cover not only privacy, as it's been discussed here, but related situations, like the recent reports of Pearson's monitoring public posts on social media for mentions of the PARCC test by students. One day, student data could start to wield reputational power similar to what a bad credit record does for adults: It could limit your ability to get a job, not just your access to credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a whole other set of more difficult, deeply troubling concerns about the use of information for educational purposes,\" that aren't addressed in the new bill -\u003cem>- \u003c/em>or in most of the proposals out there, Zeide says. \"There are harms that can happen regardless of intent.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=In+Congress%2C+New+Attention+To+Student-Privacy+Fears&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A House bill seeks to restrict what private companies can do with information collected on students.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1427227715,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":828},"headData":{"title":"Four Student Data Privacy Issues Adults Should Be Aware Of | KQED","description":"A House bill seeks to restrict what private companies can do with information collected on students.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Four Student Data Privacy Issues Adults Should Be Aware Of","datePublished":"2015-03-24T20:08:31.000Z","dateModified":"2015-03-24T20:08:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"39845 http://blogs.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=39845","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2015/03/24/four-student-data-privacy-issues-adults-should-be-aware-of/","disqusTitle":"Four Student Data Privacy Issues Adults Should Be Aware Of","nprByline":"Anya Kamenetz","nprStoryId":"393399168","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=393399168&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/ed/2015/03/23/393399168/in-congress-new-attention-to-student-privacy-fears?ft=nprml&f=393399168","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 24 Mar 2015 10:30:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 23 Mar 2015 16:20:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 24 Mar 2015 10:30:37 -0400","path":"/mindshift/39845/four-student-data-privacy-issues-adults-should-be-aware-of","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_39846\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2015/03/four-student-data-privacy-issues-adults-should-be-aware-of/student-data-privacy/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-39846\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2015/03/student-data-security-a68dcebb859a895479da51b0759e8ba3294a9fc0-e1427221452719.jpg\" alt=\"LA Johnson/NPR\" width=\"640\" height=\"1080\" class=\"size-full wp-image-39846\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">LA Johnson/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Anya Kamenetz, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/ed/2015/03/23/393399168/in-congress-new-attention-to-student-privacy-fears\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several efforts in Washington are converging on the sensitive question of how best to safeguard the information software programs are gathering on students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A proposed Student Digital Privacy and Parental Rights Act of 2015 is circulating in draft form. It has bipartisan sponsorship from Democratic Rep. Jared S. Polis of Colorado and Republican Rep. Luke Messer of Indiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drafted with \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/01/12/fact-sheet-safeguarding-american-consumers-families\">White House\u003c/a> input, the bill joins a previous \u003ca href=\"http://www.markey.senate.gov/news/press-releases/markey-hatch-release-discussion-draft-of-legislation-addressing-student-privacy\">Senate proposal,\u003c/a> plus much \u003ca href=\"http://dataqualitycampaign.org/files/Privacy%20Legislation_Summary.pdf\">action on the state level\u003c/a>, from \u003ca href=\"http://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/department-releases-new-guidance-protecting-student-privacy-while-using-online-educational-services\">regulators,\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/image/signatories_consumer_protection.pdf\">from industry\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://studentdataprinciples.org/the-principleshttp://studentdataprinciples.org/principles-supporters/\">other\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://studentdataprinciples.org/principles-supporters/\">sector leaders\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer groups like Common Sense Media and companies like Microsoft have spoken positively of the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some student-privacy advocates are saying it doesn't go far enough in restricting what private companies can do with student data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is a start to try to get at a very complex issue,\" says Elana Zeide, an expert on student privacy at the Information Law Institute of New York University, who saw an earlier draft of the bill. \"But it's not going to satisfy a lot of parent advocates, because it leaves a lot of discretion to schools and companies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Goldstein, who works with education clients at the law firm Cooley, says there's been an \"explosion\" of interest in privacy issues over the past five years. Technological advances have schools and universities outsourcing many more basic functions than in years past. Everything from grade books to tests to entire academic programs, he adds, is being handled by third-party, for-profit providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And these providers are capturing far more than names, addresses and end-of-term grades. In some cases, large amounts of student work, and literally millions of tiny interactions, are collected and stored in the cloud. Think of all the edits on a school paper written in Google Docs. Or all the interactions a student has with a Khan Academy math program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The major federal student privacy law on the books, \u003ca href=\"http://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html\">FERPA\u003c/a>, doesn't have much to say about this avalanche of data. That's because it deals mainly with the security of basic demographic information collected and held by schools themselves. \"There's been a shift in focus in terms of privacy laws and regulations affecting both schools and colleges — from a focus on what the schools do, to what providers do,\" says Goldstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand this issue, Goldstein and Zeide say, it's important to separate out several distinct, but related, concerns that fall under the broad umbrella of student privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Security. \u003c/strong>My child's information will be stolen and misused by hackers. She will be a victim of identity theft or her information will be exposed in an accidental data breach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Setting rules about how long data can be stored, and who can access the information, helps security. The draft House bill contains some broad security provisions, but security, says Zeide, is also determined by good training and protocols, not just regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Transparency.\u003c/strong> My child's information is being collected, circulated, stored and shared, but I don't know where or by whom or why. I won't be informed if there's a data breach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This bill includes some provisions on disclosure and parental notification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Commercialization.\u003c/strong> My child's information will be used to target online advertising or otherwise exploited for commercial gain. My child will be marketed to while she's doing her homework — or her homework will be used to sell things to other students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where the House bill focuses. It would prohibit the sale of student information and the targeting of advertising based on a profile of a student assembled over time. It contains an exception, though, meant for companies like The College Board, which sells information on students who take the SAT to colleges, which is then used to target scholarship offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Reputation. \u003c/strong>My child's information will be \"out there,\" discoverable in the ether somewhere. Her youthful mistakes and foibles, her low-income or English-language-learner status will follow her around. One day, her \"permanent record\" could limit her options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These \"reputational\" issues are much more complicated than the rest. They cover not only privacy, as it's been discussed here, but related situations, like the recent reports of Pearson's monitoring public posts on social media for mentions of the PARCC test by students. One day, student data could start to wield reputational power similar to what a bad credit record does for adults: It could limit your ability to get a job, not just your access to credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a whole other set of more difficult, deeply troubling concerns about the use of information for educational purposes,\" that aren't addressed in the new bill -\u003cem>- \u003c/em>or in most of the proposals out there, Zeide says. \"There are harms that can happen regardless of intent.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=In+Congress%2C+New+Attention+To+Student-Privacy+Fears&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/39845/four-student-data-privacy-issues-adults-should-be-aware-of","authors":["byline_mindshift_39845"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_117","mindshift_632"],"featImg":"mindshift_39846","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_35439":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_35439","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"35439","score":null,"sort":[1400769353000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"whats-really-at-stake-untangling-issues-around-student-data-privacy","title":"What's Really At Stake? Untangling the Big Issues Around Student Data","publishDate":1400769353,"format":"aside","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_35776\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 531px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-35776\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2014/05/5749839627_d88a8ce537_z.jpg\" alt=\"CEA\" width=\"531\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2014/05/5749839627_d88a8ce537_z.jpg 531w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2014/05/5749839627_d88a8ce537_z-400x325.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2014/05/5749839627_d88a8ce537_z-320x260.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 531px) 100vw, 531px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CEA\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"dropcap-serif\">As student data moves online, concerns from some parents and teachers are mounting around the safety of protecting the data from getting in the hands of corporations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the root of the angst surrounding the use of student data is a lack of trust and familiarity with how the data is collected, stored, shared, and protected. It’s a challenge to track this constantly expanding and changing landscape, as companies – each with their own set of privacy policies -- vie for their share of the \u003ca href=\"http://siia.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1627:siia-estimates-79-billion-us-market-for-educational-software-and-digital-content&catid=62:press-room-overview&Itemid=1672\">$8 billion ed-tech market\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s an enormous tidal wave of new applications being built for schools and for the first time, schools have tons of options for each little thing,” said Tyler Bosmeny, CEO of Clever, which provides software that works with students information systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sole purpose and function of many educational application developers is to collect and analyze student data and assessments in order to help teachers \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2011/06/has-the-holy-grail-of-adaptive-tech-been-discovered/\" target=\"_blank\">adapt curriculum to students' specific levels\u003c/a>. But fears of what will become of that data have led to a backlash against the companies collecting, storing and analyzing student data. In turn, policymakers have responded to these mounting concerns, introducing \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-admin/www.npr.org/blogs/alltechconsidered/2014/04/28/305715935/what-parents-need-to-know-about-big-data-and-student-privacy\">82 bills in 32 states\u003c/a> this year that address student privacy, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dataqualitycampaign.org/\">Data Quality Campaign\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How is Student Data Collected and Stored?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents often kick off their child’s electronic trail well before the first day of class. At some schools, parents register their child for school online, typing in their child’s name, address, birth date, schools, medical and behavioral history. This information (or parts of it), are often stored in a virtual folder next to other student’s registration in a Student Information System. Administrators can add attendance records to these files through integrated systems and teachers can upload test scores and scan in bubble sheets to complete the picture. Over the years, a child’s school life could be told in data points. The goal of keeping this data is build a profile that can help educators analyze the information and tailor teaching approaches to help the child learn and grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To keep all this growing data in one place, states created the \u003ca href=\"http://nces.ed.gov/programs/slds/about_SLDS.asp\">Statewide Longitudinal Data Systems \u003c/a>in 2005. (Read more about SLDS \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/ed/2014/05/16/313117187/what-parents-need-to-know-about-big-data-and-student-privacy\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“If a child is wrongly branded as a trouble maker in third grade and the profile follows him like the no-fly list – that’s a problem.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But the more data is collected, the harder it is for schools to keep track. Schools often find it’s cheaper and easier to have third party cloud providers like Google, Amazon and Microsoft store and maintain the student data on their servers than it is to own and operate a unique school district data center. In fact, 95 percent of schools and districts store their student information in the cloud, according \u003ca href=\"http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=clip\">a recent study\u003c/a> on data privacy led by Professor Joel Reidenberg, director of the Center on Law and Information Policy at Fordham Law School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is this outsourcing of student data to third parties that puts privacy advocates on edge. In mid-April, privacy concerns grew so pronounced about inBloom – a non-profit corporation that was created to store and manage student data from a handful of states – that the group shut down as state after state pulled out of the massive project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Are the Fears?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fears around how student data can be improperly used fall into a few categories: data marketers, data breaches and unshakable data trails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the same way that Google recommends products based on your web searches, marketers with access to student data could suggest items to children. \"You don’t want to see a student write four essays on baseball and then have a company try to sell him baseball tickets,” says Joni Lupovitz, of Common Sense Media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second area of concern stems from the potential for data breaches, which have already happened. \u003ca href=\"https://news.tn.gov/node/1238\">One breach in Tennessee\u003c/a> in 2009 inadvertently left 18,000 K-12 student names, addresses, birth dates and full Social Security numbers on an unsecured web server for four months. “Every major financial institution has had their banking information compromised,” Reidenberg said. “There’s no reason to believe children’s information will be more secure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, there is the risk that student data, like a tattoo, will be hard to erase. \"If a child is wrongly branded as a trouble maker in third grade and the profile follows him like the no-fly list – that’s a problem,\" Reidenberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other education stakeholders hold a more tempered view. “There are a lot of misconceptions about storage of student data in the cloud,\" said Kathleen Styles, the Chief Privacy Officer at the U.S. Dept. of Education on \u003ca href=\"http://www.safegov.org/2013/4/18/interview-with-kathleen-styles,-chief-privacy-officer,-us-department-of-education\">a forum about cloud computing.\u003c/a> There’s nothing inherently more or less secure about cloud storage compared to traditional data storage – it all depends on the specific approach and the contract terms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How Is Student Data Protected?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Student data is protected under a variety of state and federal laws, but the \u003ca href=\"http://ptac.ed.gov/sites/default/files/Student%20Privacy%20and%20Online%20Educational%20Services%20%28February%202014%29.pdf\">Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act\u003c/a>, or FERPA is the most commonly cited. Under FERPA, student data can only be used for educational purposes and using student data to sell or market products is prohibited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But FERPA’s protections get murky. For starters, FERPA allows schools to release records to other education officials without parental consent. Those education officials can be vendors, including for-profit cloud service providers that are under \"direct control\" of schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, Reidenberg argues FERPA applies only to schools receiving federal funding –- not to private companies. In his study, he found that “fewer than 7 percent of agreements between schools and developers restrict the sale or marketing of student information by vendors, and many agreements allow vendors to change the terms without notice.” And his study only explored cloud computing contracts, not contracts with the myriad educational software programs and learning applications in existence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Selling Student Data Security\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some companies are conscious of the escalating concerns about privacy and are using security as a selling point. For example, Clever doesn’t even store student data, but has a policy of only making agreements with developers who are FERPA compliant. Clever software enables students to log onto multiple apps like eSpark Learning, DreamBox and Wowzers with just one username and password. “We created Clever to create some sanity in managing those applications and knowing which ones are FERPA compliant,” he says. “There are so many options to choose from that many schools don’t know where to start.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"e85ae72b5a6abb1bcf74755984434063\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another company, Illuminate, which provides student information systems, data and analysis and other software goes to great lengths to build trust with schools. Illuminate reports that it encrypts every page, stores most of its data on its own servers (not the cloud), has round the clock security on staff and trains each employee in the federal law protecting student data. “To stay up on security, it takes full-time people every day to stay on top of what’s out there. If you’re in a school district and trying to manage that on your own, that’s a very difficult task,” said company’s CEO Lane Rankin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with all the security precautions, Rankin, whose business is dependent on student data, believes the issue of privacy has been overblown to some extent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Parents should be much more concerned about what’s going on with their bank, about all the stuff Google’s tracking every time you’re on the web, about your cell phone and what Verizon knows about your location and where you took your pictures,\" he said. \"But student data? That’s in a very secure location, controlled by the local school district, there for the purposes of helping more students, classrooms and schools. Because it’s very benign data, advertisers aren’t going to care about this data. They care about when you’re clicking around so they can sell you more stuff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Setting Up Protocols\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School administrators, the stewards of student data, must institute technical protections against the misuse of information. “It’s up to the school or district to set the proper balance of physical, technological and administrative controls to prevent unauthorized access,” the DOE's Styles said. This means administrators decide what information goes into the cloud or to an app, who has access to it, what password protections those with access need and how much encryption to require considering the sensitivity of the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the technical agreements, all stakeholders can push for specific privacy principles in the contract language between schools and vendors. Common Sense Media, which launched a\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/school-privacy-zone\"> School Privacy Zone Campaign,\u003c/a> suggests contracts with software companies explicitly prohibit developers from using the data for commercial purposes and only use data for educational purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Common Sense Media and the \u003ca href=\"http://epic.org/%20\" target=\"_blank\">Electronic Privacy Information Center\u003c/a> recommend limits to the amount of data collected and the amount of time it can be stored. EPIC recommends \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/wp/2014/03/06/why-a-student-privacy-bill-of-rights-is-desperately-needed/\" target=\"_blank\">returning control of the data to the students\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents and students should feel entitled to ask administrators how they’re collecting, storing and sharing data, says the DOE’s Styles. “Make sure schools have self-awareness,” says Styles. “I would be looking for the currency of the privacy policy, evidence that the district is aware of what kind of data the schools and district are capturing and evidence that the data is classified by sensitivity -- that more sensitive data is being protected in a more stringent fashion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While guiding privacy principles and careful contractual language are critical, schools and parents are hard-pressed to keep pace with the technically complex and rapidly changing educational landscape. Increasingly, districts are adding a new layer of protection to their systems. They’re hiring Chief Technology Officers to guide their technological engagement, so schools have a sophisticated player of their own keeping pace in the tech race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As student data moves online, concerns from some parents and teachers are mounting around the safety of protecting the data from getting in the hands of corporations.\r\n\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1401822160,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":32,"wordCount":1731},"headData":{"title":"What's Really At Stake? Untangling the Big Issues Around Student Data | KQED","description":"As student data moves online, concerns from some parents and teachers are mounting around the safety of protecting the data from getting in the hands of corporations.\r\n\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"What's Really At Stake? Untangling the Big Issues Around Student Data","datePublished":"2014-05-22T14:35:53.000Z","dateModified":"2014-06-03T19:02:40.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"35439 http://blogs.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=35439","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2014/05/22/whats-really-at-stake-untangling-issues-around-student-data-privacy/","disqusTitle":"What's Really At Stake? Untangling the Big Issues Around Student Data","WpOldSlug":"whats-really-at-stake-untangling-issues-around-student-data","path":"/mindshift/35439/whats-really-at-stake-untangling-issues-around-student-data-privacy","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_35776\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 531px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-35776\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2014/05/5749839627_d88a8ce537_z.jpg\" alt=\"CEA\" width=\"531\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2014/05/5749839627_d88a8ce537_z.jpg 531w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2014/05/5749839627_d88a8ce537_z-400x325.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2014/05/5749839627_d88a8ce537_z-320x260.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 531px) 100vw, 531px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CEA\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"dropcap-serif\">As student data moves online, concerns from some parents and teachers are mounting around the safety of protecting the data from getting in the hands of corporations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the root of the angst surrounding the use of student data is a lack of trust and familiarity with how the data is collected, stored, shared, and protected. It’s a challenge to track this constantly expanding and changing landscape, as companies – each with their own set of privacy policies -- vie for their share of the \u003ca href=\"http://siia.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1627:siia-estimates-79-billion-us-market-for-educational-software-and-digital-content&catid=62:press-room-overview&Itemid=1672\">$8 billion ed-tech market\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s an enormous tidal wave of new applications being built for schools and for the first time, schools have tons of options for each little thing,” said Tyler Bosmeny, CEO of Clever, which provides software that works with students information systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sole purpose and function of many educational application developers is to collect and analyze student data and assessments in order to help teachers \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2011/06/has-the-holy-grail-of-adaptive-tech-been-discovered/\" target=\"_blank\">adapt curriculum to students' specific levels\u003c/a>. But fears of what will become of that data have led to a backlash against the companies collecting, storing and analyzing student data. In turn, policymakers have responded to these mounting concerns, introducing \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-admin/www.npr.org/blogs/alltechconsidered/2014/04/28/305715935/what-parents-need-to-know-about-big-data-and-student-privacy\">82 bills in 32 states\u003c/a> this year that address student privacy, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dataqualitycampaign.org/\">Data Quality Campaign\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How is Student Data Collected and Stored?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents often kick off their child’s electronic trail well before the first day of class. At some schools, parents register their child for school online, typing in their child’s name, address, birth date, schools, medical and behavioral history. This information (or parts of it), are often stored in a virtual folder next to other student’s registration in a Student Information System. Administrators can add attendance records to these files through integrated systems and teachers can upload test scores and scan in bubble sheets to complete the picture. Over the years, a child’s school life could be told in data points. The goal of keeping this data is build a profile that can help educators analyze the information and tailor teaching approaches to help the child learn and grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To keep all this growing data in one place, states created the \u003ca href=\"http://nces.ed.gov/programs/slds/about_SLDS.asp\">Statewide Longitudinal Data Systems \u003c/a>in 2005. (Read more about SLDS \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/ed/2014/05/16/313117187/what-parents-need-to-know-about-big-data-and-student-privacy\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“If a child is wrongly branded as a trouble maker in third grade and the profile follows him like the no-fly list – that’s a problem.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But the more data is collected, the harder it is for schools to keep track. Schools often find it’s cheaper and easier to have third party cloud providers like Google, Amazon and Microsoft store and maintain the student data on their servers than it is to own and operate a unique school district data center. In fact, 95 percent of schools and districts store their student information in the cloud, according \u003ca href=\"http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=clip\">a recent study\u003c/a> on data privacy led by Professor Joel Reidenberg, director of the Center on Law and Information Policy at Fordham Law School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is this outsourcing of student data to third parties that puts privacy advocates on edge. In mid-April, privacy concerns grew so pronounced about inBloom – a non-profit corporation that was created to store and manage student data from a handful of states – that the group shut down as state after state pulled out of the massive project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Are the Fears?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fears around how student data can be improperly used fall into a few categories: data marketers, data breaches and unshakable data trails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the same way that Google recommends products based on your web searches, marketers with access to student data could suggest items to children. \"You don’t want to see a student write four essays on baseball and then have a company try to sell him baseball tickets,” says Joni Lupovitz, of Common Sense Media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second area of concern stems from the potential for data breaches, which have already happened. \u003ca href=\"https://news.tn.gov/node/1238\">One breach in Tennessee\u003c/a> in 2009 inadvertently left 18,000 K-12 student names, addresses, birth dates and full Social Security numbers on an unsecured web server for four months. “Every major financial institution has had their banking information compromised,” Reidenberg said. “There’s no reason to believe children’s information will be more secure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, there is the risk that student data, like a tattoo, will be hard to erase. \"If a child is wrongly branded as a trouble maker in third grade and the profile follows him like the no-fly list – that’s a problem,\" Reidenberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other education stakeholders hold a more tempered view. “There are a lot of misconceptions about storage of student data in the cloud,\" said Kathleen Styles, the Chief Privacy Officer at the U.S. Dept. of Education on \u003ca href=\"http://www.safegov.org/2013/4/18/interview-with-kathleen-styles,-chief-privacy-officer,-us-department-of-education\">a forum about cloud computing.\u003c/a> There’s nothing inherently more or less secure about cloud storage compared to traditional data storage – it all depends on the specific approach and the contract terms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How Is Student Data Protected?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Student data is protected under a variety of state and federal laws, but the \u003ca href=\"http://ptac.ed.gov/sites/default/files/Student%20Privacy%20and%20Online%20Educational%20Services%20%28February%202014%29.pdf\">Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act\u003c/a>, or FERPA is the most commonly cited. Under FERPA, student data can only be used for educational purposes and using student data to sell or market products is prohibited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But FERPA’s protections get murky. For starters, FERPA allows schools to release records to other education officials without parental consent. Those education officials can be vendors, including for-profit cloud service providers that are under \"direct control\" of schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, Reidenberg argues FERPA applies only to schools receiving federal funding –- not to private companies. In his study, he found that “fewer than 7 percent of agreements between schools and developers restrict the sale or marketing of student information by vendors, and many agreements allow vendors to change the terms without notice.” And his study only explored cloud computing contracts, not contracts with the myriad educational software programs and learning applications in existence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Selling Student Data Security\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some companies are conscious of the escalating concerns about privacy and are using security as a selling point. For example, Clever doesn’t even store student data, but has a policy of only making agreements with developers who are FERPA compliant. Clever software enables students to log onto multiple apps like eSpark Learning, DreamBox and Wowzers with just one username and password. “We created Clever to create some sanity in managing those applications and knowing which ones are FERPA compliant,” he says. “There are so many options to choose from that many schools don’t know where to start.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another company, Illuminate, which provides student information systems, data and analysis and other software goes to great lengths to build trust with schools. Illuminate reports that it encrypts every page, stores most of its data on its own servers (not the cloud), has round the clock security on staff and trains each employee in the federal law protecting student data. “To stay up on security, it takes full-time people every day to stay on top of what’s out there. If you’re in a school district and trying to manage that on your own, that’s a very difficult task,” said company’s CEO Lane Rankin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with all the security precautions, Rankin, whose business is dependent on student data, believes the issue of privacy has been overblown to some extent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Parents should be much more concerned about what’s going on with their bank, about all the stuff Google’s tracking every time you’re on the web, about your cell phone and what Verizon knows about your location and where you took your pictures,\" he said. \"But student data? That’s in a very secure location, controlled by the local school district, there for the purposes of helping more students, classrooms and schools. Because it’s very benign data, advertisers aren’t going to care about this data. They care about when you’re clicking around so they can sell you more stuff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Setting Up Protocols\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School administrators, the stewards of student data, must institute technical protections against the misuse of information. “It’s up to the school or district to set the proper balance of physical, technological and administrative controls to prevent unauthorized access,” the DOE's Styles said. This means administrators decide what information goes into the cloud or to an app, who has access to it, what password protections those with access need and how much encryption to require considering the sensitivity of the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the technical agreements, all stakeholders can push for specific privacy principles in the contract language between schools and vendors. Common Sense Media, which launched a\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/school-privacy-zone\"> School Privacy Zone Campaign,\u003c/a> suggests contracts with software companies explicitly prohibit developers from using the data for commercial purposes and only use data for educational purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Common Sense Media and the \u003ca href=\"http://epic.org/%20\" target=\"_blank\">Electronic Privacy Information Center\u003c/a> recommend limits to the amount of data collected and the amount of time it can be stored. EPIC recommends \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/wp/2014/03/06/why-a-student-privacy-bill-of-rights-is-desperately-needed/\" target=\"_blank\">returning control of the data to the students\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents and students should feel entitled to ask administrators how they’re collecting, storing and sharing data, says the DOE’s Styles. “Make sure schools have self-awareness,” says Styles. “I would be looking for the currency of the privacy policy, evidence that the district is aware of what kind of data the schools and district are capturing and evidence that the data is classified by sensitivity -- that more sensitive data is being protected in a more stringent fashion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While guiding privacy principles and careful contractual language are critical, schools and parents are hard-pressed to keep pace with the technically complex and rapidly changing educational landscape. Increasingly, districts are adding a new layer of protection to their systems. They’re hiring Chief Technology Officers to guide their technological engagement, so schools have a sophisticated player of their own keeping pace in the tech race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/35439/whats-really-at-stake-untangling-issues-around-student-data-privacy","authors":["226"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_631","mindshift_1040","mindshift_117","mindshift_632"],"label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_35027":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_35027","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"35027","score":null,"sort":[1397577983000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-educators-can-protect-students-data-from-security-breaches-heartbleed-privacy","title":"How Educators Can Protect Students' Data from Security Breaches","publishDate":1397577983,"format":"aside","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_15000\" class=\"wp-caption center\" style=\"max-width: 506px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-15000\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2011/09/getty.jpg\" alt=\"getty\" width=\"506\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2011/09/getty.jpg 506w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2011/09/getty-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2011/09/getty-320x214.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 506px) 100vw, 506px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"> \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>By Jessy Irwin\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"dropcap-serif\">Every day, teachers are responsible for maintaining numerous logins, passwords, data, and other private information about their students. As chief technology officer in the modern century classroom, an educator’s role becomes more complex (and potentially overwhelming) as more tablets, computers, and web tools are put in the hands of students. With so many tools, security and privacy are often an afterthought despite the increasing number of websites that fall victim to data breaches and security vulnerabilities each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">Last week, researchers discovered \u003ca href=\"http://heartbleed.com/\">Heartbleed\u003c/a>, a massive security flaw in an encryption tool used to protect data across some of the most popular sites on the web. For almost two years, this hole in OpenSSL may have quietly left two-thirds of the web vulnerable to eavesdropping, leaking private data including logins, passwords, and other information stored in Web servers to anyone who might be listening. Given the enormous amounts of information entrusted to teachers about their students, colleagues, and their communities, here are a few important measures teachers can take to protect themselves from Heartbleed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>Don’t login to a site\u003c/strong> or attempt to change your passwords unless you’re certain that a vulnerable site has been fixed. Though most major web companies have fixed the Heartbleed bug, it’s important to note that logging in and changing passwords on a vulnerable site will leave you vulnerable to the likelihood of an attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>There are numerous resources\u003c/strong> that can help you determine whether a site is vulnerable or if it has been patched. If you use Google Apps for Education, Yahoo! Mail, Pinterest or Minecraft in your classroom and you haven’t changed your passwords in the last week, \u003ca href=\"http://mashable.com/2014/04/09/heartbleed-bug-websites-affected/\">it’s safe to do so now\u003c/a>. For Android users, \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.lookout.heartbleeddetector\">this tool\u003c/a> from mobile security firm Lookout will help identify whether your operating system is susceptible to Heartbleed. Alternately, there are many tools that can check encrypted sites for the bug \u003ca href=\"http://lastpass.com/heartbleed/\">here\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://filippo.io/Heartbleed/\">here\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/index.html\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>Your online accounts are more likely to be compromised\u003c/strong> by a phishing attack that attempts to steal account credentials than a hacker exploiting Heartbleed to steal data from servers. Because public awareness of Heartbleed is high, malicious hackers will do their best to make the most out of this situation as they can. For maximum security, educators should be manually accessing the sites they use when they want to login and change passwords instead of clicking through links within an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>If you’re using the same password for multiple accounts\u003c/strong> on the web, it is safest to assume all of the accounts using that password have been compromised. In the wake of major data breaches, criminals can and will employ tools that attempt to break into any online accounts they can. If you are one of many educators exercising this insecure habit, now is an excellent time time to break it. Password managers like \u003ca href=\"https://lastpass.com/\">LastPass\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://agilebits.com/onepassword\">1Password\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://keepass.info/\">KeePass\u003c/a> are valuable tools that can help educators to generate, store, and audit passwords for all of your web accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>Heartbleed may be affecting your school or district network, too.\u003c/strong> Security engineers are beginning to discover that firewalls, switches, virtual private networks, servers and other important network hardware are also susceptible to the hole in OpenSSL. In some cases, the records of your current and former students stored in an SIS are vulnerable, and sensitive information could be leaked without a trace to the rest of the web. District technology leaders, technology coordinators, and anyone maintaining databases full of student information should double check with hardware vendors to confirm whether their systems need patching or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Though technologists and engineers have patched many of the sites vulnerable to Heartbleed, it's impossible to determine if sensitive user data may have leaked onto the web. While there is no such thing as being completely safe from hacking and data breaches on the web, there are many preventative measures that can be taken to protect sensitive data and online accounts. If there’s a lesson that can be taken away from Heartbleed, it’s this-- there’s never a bad time to be proactive about online security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jessy Irwin is a privacy and security advocate who once integrated technology and social media into a class of 3,000 students.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Every day, teachers are responsible for maintaining numerous logins, passwords, data, and other private information about their students. With so many tools, security and privacy are often an afterthought despite the increasing number of websites that fall victim to data breaches and security vulnerabilities each day. In the wake of the Heartbleed data security flaw discovered last week, here are measures teachers can take to secure school data.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1397585786,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":724},"headData":{"title":"How Educators Can Protect Students' Data from Security Breaches | KQED","description":"Every day, teachers are responsible for maintaining numerous logins, passwords, data, and other private information about their students. With so many tools, security and privacy are often an afterthought despite the increasing number of websites that fall victim to data breaches and security vulnerabilities each day. In the wake of the Heartbleed data security flaw discovered last week, here are measures teachers can take to secure school data.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Educators Can Protect Students' Data from Security Breaches","datePublished":"2014-04-15T16:06:23.000Z","dateModified":"2014-04-15T18:16:26.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"35027 http://blogs.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=35027","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2014/04/15/how-educators-can-protect-students-data-from-security-breaches-heartbleed-privacy/","disqusTitle":"How Educators Can Protect Students' Data from Security Breaches","path":"/mindshift/35027/how-educators-can-protect-students-data-from-security-breaches-heartbleed-privacy","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_15000\" class=\"wp-caption center\" style=\"max-width: 506px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-15000\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2011/09/getty.jpg\" alt=\"getty\" width=\"506\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2011/09/getty.jpg 506w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2011/09/getty-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2011/09/getty-320x214.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 506px) 100vw, 506px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"> \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>By Jessy Irwin\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"dropcap-serif\">Every day, teachers are responsible for maintaining numerous logins, passwords, data, and other private information about their students. As chief technology officer in the modern century classroom, an educator’s role becomes more complex (and potentially overwhelming) as more tablets, computers, and web tools are put in the hands of students. With so many tools, security and privacy are often an afterthought despite the increasing number of websites that fall victim to data breaches and security vulnerabilities each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">Last week, researchers discovered \u003ca href=\"http://heartbleed.com/\">Heartbleed\u003c/a>, a massive security flaw in an encryption tool used to protect data across some of the most popular sites on the web. For almost two years, this hole in OpenSSL may have quietly left two-thirds of the web vulnerable to eavesdropping, leaking private data including logins, passwords, and other information stored in Web servers to anyone who might be listening. Given the enormous amounts of information entrusted to teachers about their students, colleagues, and their communities, here are a few important measures teachers can take to protect themselves from Heartbleed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>Don’t login to a site\u003c/strong> or attempt to change your passwords unless you’re certain that a vulnerable site has been fixed. Though most major web companies have fixed the Heartbleed bug, it’s important to note that logging in and changing passwords on a vulnerable site will leave you vulnerable to the likelihood of an attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>There are numerous resources\u003c/strong> that can help you determine whether a site is vulnerable or if it has been patched. If you use Google Apps for Education, Yahoo! Mail, Pinterest or Minecraft in your classroom and you haven’t changed your passwords in the last week, \u003ca href=\"http://mashable.com/2014/04/09/heartbleed-bug-websites-affected/\">it’s safe to do so now\u003c/a>. For Android users, \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.lookout.heartbleeddetector\">this tool\u003c/a> from mobile security firm Lookout will help identify whether your operating system is susceptible to Heartbleed. Alternately, there are many tools that can check encrypted sites for the bug \u003ca href=\"http://lastpass.com/heartbleed/\">here\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://filippo.io/Heartbleed/\">here\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/index.html\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>Your online accounts are more likely to be compromised\u003c/strong> by a phishing attack that attempts to steal account credentials than a hacker exploiting Heartbleed to steal data from servers. Because public awareness of Heartbleed is high, malicious hackers will do their best to make the most out of this situation as they can. For maximum security, educators should be manually accessing the sites they use when they want to login and change passwords instead of clicking through links within an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>If you’re using the same password for multiple accounts\u003c/strong> on the web, it is safest to assume all of the accounts using that password have been compromised. In the wake of major data breaches, criminals can and will employ tools that attempt to break into any online accounts they can. If you are one of many educators exercising this insecure habit, now is an excellent time time to break it. Password managers like \u003ca href=\"https://lastpass.com/\">LastPass\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://agilebits.com/onepassword\">1Password\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://keepass.info/\">KeePass\u003c/a> are valuable tools that can help educators to generate, store, and audit passwords for all of your web accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003cstrong>Heartbleed may be affecting your school or district network, too.\u003c/strong> Security engineers are beginning to discover that firewalls, switches, virtual private networks, servers and other important network hardware are also susceptible to the hole in OpenSSL. In some cases, the records of your current and former students stored in an SIS are vulnerable, and sensitive information could be leaked without a trace to the rest of the web. District technology leaders, technology coordinators, and anyone maintaining databases full of student information should double check with hardware vendors to confirm whether their systems need patching or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Though technologists and engineers have patched many of the sites vulnerable to Heartbleed, it's impossible to determine if sensitive user data may have leaked onto the web. While there is no such thing as being completely safe from hacking and data breaches on the web, there are many preventative measures that can be taken to protect sensitive data and online accounts. If there’s a lesson that can be taken away from Heartbleed, it’s this-- there’s never a bad time to be proactive about online security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jessy Irwin is a privacy and security advocate who once integrated technology and social media into a class of 3,000 students.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/35027/how-educators-can-protect-students-data-from-security-breaches-heartbleed-privacy","authors":["4354"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_631","mindshift_1040","mindshift_20666","mindshift_117"],"label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_30982":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_30982","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"30982","score":null,"sort":[1377639611000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-teens-deal-with-privacy-and-mobile-apps","title":"How Teens Deal With Privacy and Mobile Apps","publishDate":1377639611,"format":"aside","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/easel.ly/all_easels/187182/teenappprivacy/image.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/easel.ly/all_easels/187182/teenappprivacy/image.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/Teens-and-Mobile-Apps-Privacy.aspx?utm_source=Mailing+List&utm_campaign=8456873724-Newsletter_082313&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_79a7fe984b-8456873724-398527965\">A Pew Internet and American Life survey\u003c/a> shows how teens 12 to 17 years old think about privacy when using mobile apps. While some are nonchalant about the kind of personal information some apps collect, more than half avoid some apps due to privacy concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though socio-economics are a factor, that's not the predominant issues, probably because many teens favor free apps. \"Eight in ten (79%) teen mobile device owners living in households earning $50,000 or more per year download apps, compared with 60% of those living in households earning less than $50,000 per year. Teen app downloading does not vary significantly according to a parent’s education level or by their race or ethnicity,\" according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Girls who responded to the survey were more aware than boys of the risks associated with location tracking services in many mobile apps -- 59 percent responded that they turn off location services, while only 37 percent of boys reported turning off the service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeking outside advice about how to manage privacy settings is a big indicator of whether a teen is taking steps to protect his or her privacy; 70 percent of teens have sought privacy advice from an adult or outside source. Of those \"advice-seekers\" who have mobile devices, 50 percent turned off location tracking features, as compared to 37 percent of teens who did not seek advice on privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/easel.ly/all_easels/187182/teenappprivacy/image.jpg\">infographic created by MindShift\u003c/a> illustrates some of the highlights from the Pew survey.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1377639611,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":252},"headData":{"title":"How Teens Deal With Privacy and Mobile Apps | KQED","description":"A Pew Internet and American Life survey shows how teens 12 to 17 years old think about privacy when using mobile apps. While some are nonchalant about the kind of personal information some apps collect, more than half avoid some apps due to privacy concerns. Though socio-economics are a factor, that's not the predominant issues,","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Teens Deal With Privacy and Mobile Apps","datePublished":"2013-08-27T21:40:11.000Z","dateModified":"2013-08-27T21:40:11.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"30982 http://blogs.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=30982","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2013/08/27/how-teens-deal-with-privacy-and-mobile-apps/","disqusTitle":"How Teens Deal With Privacy and Mobile Apps","path":"/mindshift/30982/how-teens-deal-with-privacy-and-mobile-apps","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/easel.ly/all_easels/187182/teenappprivacy/image.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/easel.ly/all_easels/187182/teenappprivacy/image.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/Teens-and-Mobile-Apps-Privacy.aspx?utm_source=Mailing+List&utm_campaign=8456873724-Newsletter_082313&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_79a7fe984b-8456873724-398527965\">A Pew Internet and American Life survey\u003c/a> shows how teens 12 to 17 years old think about privacy when using mobile apps. While some are nonchalant about the kind of personal information some apps collect, more than half avoid some apps due to privacy concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though socio-economics are a factor, that's not the predominant issues, probably because many teens favor free apps. \"Eight in ten (79%) teen mobile device owners living in households earning $50,000 or more per year download apps, compared with 60% of those living in households earning less than $50,000 per year. Teen app downloading does not vary significantly according to a parent’s education level or by their race or ethnicity,\" according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Girls who responded to the survey were more aware than boys of the risks associated with location tracking services in many mobile apps -- 59 percent responded that they turn off location services, while only 37 percent of boys reported turning off the service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeking outside advice about how to manage privacy settings is a big indicator of whether a teen is taking steps to protect his or her privacy; 70 percent of teens have sought privacy advice from an adult or outside source. Of those \"advice-seekers\" who have mobile devices, 50 percent turned off location tracking features, as compared to 37 percent of teens who did not seek advice on privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/easel.ly/all_easels/187182/teenappprivacy/image.jpg\">infographic created by MindShift\u003c/a> illustrates some of the highlights from the Pew survey.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/30982/how-teens-deal-with-privacy-and-mobile-apps","authors":["234"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_134","mindshift_822","mindshift_117"],"featImg":"mindshift_30991","label":"mindshift"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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