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Less attention, however, is paid to how teachers themselves can use AI tools to streamline lesson planning, generate classroom materials and personalize instruction. “With some of these tasks that we can use AI for, one would hope it would help alleviate some of the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/57568/burnout-isnt-just-exhaustion-heres-how-to-deal-with-it\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">burnout\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> teachers feel,” said \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TeachBacon\">Allison Bacon\u003c/a>, the instructional technology coordinator at Ossining Union Free School District in New York. “We don’t need to be so perfect. [We can] use a tool that’ll pick up the things that we know how to do, but we don’t have the time.” She joked about how AI tools are like a personal assistant. “I’m looking at it as a tool to do my legwork,” said Bacon. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bacon cautioned that the companies that create AI tools may not be attuned to student privacy laws like \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">FERPA\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> or \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ftc.gov/legal-library/browse/rules/childrens-online-privacy-protection-rule-coppa\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">COPPA\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, so teachers should reach out to decision makers in their school district to ensure they are following \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61098/worried-about-chatgpt-and-cheating-here-are-4-things-teachers-should-know\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">guidelines around third-party services and privacy\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Once teachers get the green light, there’s a lot to explore. Bacon identified eight free AI-powered tools that educators can experiment with to bring innovation and efficiency to their classrooms. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Enhance assessments with Conker AI and Question Well\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://conker.ai\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conker AI\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is a system designed to help educators create an assessment or assignment based on an input, such as a reading or specific topic. Educators can choose what types of questions they want in the assessment, including read-and-response, multiple-choice, and drag-and-drop questions. Conker AI also provides the option to convert quizzes into Google Forms for automatic grading. “It gives you that framework that you start with. And then a teacher can go in and really make the modifications and make it specific to the students in front of them,” said Bacon.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Similarly, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.questionwell.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">QuestionWell\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is an AI-driven platform that analyzes learning objectives and generates high-quality assessment questions in various languages. These tools could save teachers time while ensuring well-structured assessments.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Personalize learning with ChatGPT and Brisk\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chat.openai.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ChatGPT\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is an AI-driven language model, meaning it generates human-like writing. “I think the first thing that people are getting wrong is that it is just a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61098/worried-about-chatgpt-and-cheating-here-are-4-things-teachers-should-know\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">tool for cheating\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” said Bacon, who believes ChatGPT has more to offer. For example, teachers have prompted students to use ChatGPT \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60897/everybody-is-cheating-why-this-teacher-has-adopted-an-open-chatgpt-policy\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to generate project ideas\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edutopia.org/article/teaching-students-use-ai-tools/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">build critical thinking skills\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edutopia.org/article/using-ai-encourage-productive-struggle-math-chatgpt-wolfram-alpha\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">check their work\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bacon, who previously was an English teacher, said these tools can also help teachers provide students with different examples and scaffolds. For example, if students are doing a unit on introductions, a teacher might provide examples of what a developing, grade level, and exceeding grade level introduction might look like. Instead of a teacher having to write all of the examples, the examples can be generated by ChatGPT.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another option is \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.briskteaching.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Brisk\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a Google Chrome extension that adapts articles and other resources for students at different proficiency levels. “You can go to a news article and it’ll tell you the reading level and then you can say, ‘Can you give it to me like an 11th grade New York Times article?’ Or ‘can you give it to me at the sixth grade level in Spanish?'” said Bacon. Brisk will also come up with questions based on the resources so it can be used to make multiple choice quizzes too.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"What is Brisk Teaching?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/4ikGFxqYTTc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Simplify lesson planning with Twee and Curipod\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://app.twee.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Twee\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is designed to help English teachers lesson plan. Educators can input a YouTube video link and Twee will provide questions about the video content to build students’ listening comprehension skills. Bacon suggested that teachers use Twee during interactive, whole-class activities with students. As an example, a teacher could present a video to the class and prompt students with the questions generated by Twee for classroom discussion. For students who struggle with listening comprehension skills, teachers can use Twee to generate transcripts for videos and work with small groups of students who need extra support.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Twee can also make writing prompts, multiple choice questions and fill-in-the blank exercises based on a specific topic for any learning level. Bacon explained that if the class is reading a book, Twee can offer recommendations for book-related activities, including vocabulary exercises, discussion prompts and supplementary readings.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://curipod.com\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Curipod\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> uses AI to simplify administrative tasks like creating course materials, schedules and assignments. Bacon recalled how different things are from when she started teaching nearly two decades ago. “We operated on paper. We would write things on chalkboards,” said Bacon. In today’s digital age, handwritten lesson plans have become less efficient. Curipod can save time by creating slide decks that teachers can customize as needed, whether it’s at the beginning of a new school year or mid-year to cater to evolving needs in the classroom. Additionally, Curipod will prompt teachers while they are creating slides to add interactive games like the ones found on the popular quiz platform Kahoot. Similar to interactive presentation platforms like Peardeck and Nearpod, Curipod offers ways for students to interact individually with the slides their teacher makes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Refine student writing skills with Pressto\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.joinpressto.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pressto\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is an AI-powered writing assistant. It’s different from language-focused AIs like ChatGPT in that it provides real-time feedback on grammar, style and clarity, helping students enhance their essays, reports and assignments. Pressto not only corrects errors but also explains the reasoning behind suggested changes. Bacon suggested that teachers project their screen while doing a writing demonstration and read the suggestions from Pressto so instruction is embedded. Bacon also noted that Pressto was willing to sign \u003ca href=\"https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EDN/2-D\">Education Law 2-D\u003c/a> paperwork, which would make them compliant with New York’s student data privacy laws.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Welcome to Pressto\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/o8Z4j802sfM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While all of the AI tools Bacon recommended are free, she notes that these products may start to charge for use. New AI products are always coming out, however, so it’s likely that teachers can find a few that fit their needs. Bacon frequently scans Facebook and TikTok for groups and resources about new tools. “Things are coming out so fast, it is hard to keep up,” wrote Bacon in an email. She linked to yet another tool she recently discovered called \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.magicschool.ai/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Magic School AI\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and described it as an exciting blend of all of the other products she recommended.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Have you heard of Conker AI? Question Well? Twee? Curipod? One educator recommends her favorite AI-powered tools to boost teacher efficiency and curb burnout.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713534330,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":1109},"headData":{"title":"8 Free AI-powered Tools that Can Save Teachers Time and Enhance Instruction | KQED","description":"Have you heard of Conker AI? Question Well? Twee? Curipod? An educator recommends her favorite AI-powered tools to boost teachers' efficiency.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"Have you heard of Conker AI? Question Well? Twee? Curipod? An educator recommends her favorite AI-powered tools to boost teachers' efficiency.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"8 Free AI-powered Tools that Can Save Teachers Time and Enhance Instruction","datePublished":"2023-10-03T10:00:14.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-19T13:45:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/62462/8-free-ai-powered-tools-that-can-save-teachers-time-and-enhance-instruction","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With AI tools becoming increasingly accessible and advanced, many teachers are worried about \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/62317/how-easy-is-it-to-fool-chatgpt-detectors\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">how to catch cheaters\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Less attention, however, is paid to how teachers themselves can use AI tools to streamline lesson planning, generate classroom materials and personalize instruction. “With some of these tasks that we can use AI for, one would hope it would help alleviate some of the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/57568/burnout-isnt-just-exhaustion-heres-how-to-deal-with-it\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">burnout\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> teachers feel,” said \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TeachBacon\">Allison Bacon\u003c/a>, the instructional technology coordinator at Ossining Union Free School District in New York. “We don’t need to be so perfect. [We can] use a tool that’ll pick up the things that we know how to do, but we don’t have the time.” She joked about how AI tools are like a personal assistant. “I’m looking at it as a tool to do my legwork,” said Bacon. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bacon cautioned that the companies that create AI tools may not be attuned to student privacy laws like \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">FERPA\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> or \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ftc.gov/legal-library/browse/rules/childrens-online-privacy-protection-rule-coppa\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">COPPA\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, so teachers should reach out to decision makers in their school district to ensure they are following \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61098/worried-about-chatgpt-and-cheating-here-are-4-things-teachers-should-know\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">guidelines around third-party services and privacy\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Once teachers get the green light, there’s a lot to explore. Bacon identified eight free AI-powered tools that educators can experiment with to bring innovation and efficiency to their classrooms. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Enhance assessments with Conker AI and Question Well\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://conker.ai\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conker AI\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is a system designed to help educators create an assessment or assignment based on an input, such as a reading or specific topic. Educators can choose what types of questions they want in the assessment, including read-and-response, multiple-choice, and drag-and-drop questions. Conker AI also provides the option to convert quizzes into Google Forms for automatic grading. “It gives you that framework that you start with. And then a teacher can go in and really make the modifications and make it specific to the students in front of them,” said Bacon.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Similarly, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.questionwell.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">QuestionWell\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is an AI-driven platform that analyzes learning objectives and generates high-quality assessment questions in various languages. These tools could save teachers time while ensuring well-structured assessments.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Personalize learning with ChatGPT and Brisk\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chat.openai.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ChatGPT\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is an AI-driven language model, meaning it generates human-like writing. “I think the first thing that people are getting wrong is that it is just a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61098/worried-about-chatgpt-and-cheating-here-are-4-things-teachers-should-know\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">tool for cheating\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” said Bacon, who believes ChatGPT has more to offer. For example, teachers have prompted students to use ChatGPT \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60897/everybody-is-cheating-why-this-teacher-has-adopted-an-open-chatgpt-policy\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to generate project ideas\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edutopia.org/article/teaching-students-use-ai-tools/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">build critical thinking skills\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edutopia.org/article/using-ai-encourage-productive-struggle-math-chatgpt-wolfram-alpha\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">check their work\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bacon, who previously was an English teacher, said these tools can also help teachers provide students with different examples and scaffolds. For example, if students are doing a unit on introductions, a teacher might provide examples of what a developing, grade level, and exceeding grade level introduction might look like. Instead of a teacher having to write all of the examples, the examples can be generated by ChatGPT.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another option is \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.briskteaching.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Brisk\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a Google Chrome extension that adapts articles and other resources for students at different proficiency levels. “You can go to a news article and it’ll tell you the reading level and then you can say, ‘Can you give it to me like an 11th grade New York Times article?’ Or ‘can you give it to me at the sixth grade level in Spanish?'” said Bacon. Brisk will also come up with questions based on the resources so it can be used to make multiple choice quizzes too.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"What is Brisk Teaching?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/4ikGFxqYTTc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Simplify lesson planning with Twee and Curipod\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://app.twee.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Twee\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is designed to help English teachers lesson plan. Educators can input a YouTube video link and Twee will provide questions about the video content to build students’ listening comprehension skills. Bacon suggested that teachers use Twee during interactive, whole-class activities with students. As an example, a teacher could present a video to the class and prompt students with the questions generated by Twee for classroom discussion. For students who struggle with listening comprehension skills, teachers can use Twee to generate transcripts for videos and work with small groups of students who need extra support.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Twee can also make writing prompts, multiple choice questions and fill-in-the blank exercises based on a specific topic for any learning level. Bacon explained that if the class is reading a book, Twee can offer recommendations for book-related activities, including vocabulary exercises, discussion prompts and supplementary readings.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://curipod.com\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Curipod\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> uses AI to simplify administrative tasks like creating course materials, schedules and assignments. Bacon recalled how different things are from when she started teaching nearly two decades ago. “We operated on paper. We would write things on chalkboards,” said Bacon. In today’s digital age, handwritten lesson plans have become less efficient. Curipod can save time by creating slide decks that teachers can customize as needed, whether it’s at the beginning of a new school year or mid-year to cater to evolving needs in the classroom. Additionally, Curipod will prompt teachers while they are creating slides to add interactive games like the ones found on the popular quiz platform Kahoot. Similar to interactive presentation platforms like Peardeck and Nearpod, Curipod offers ways for students to interact individually with the slides their teacher makes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Refine student writing skills with Pressto\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.joinpressto.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pressto\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is an AI-powered writing assistant. It’s different from language-focused AIs like ChatGPT in that it provides real-time feedback on grammar, style and clarity, helping students enhance their essays, reports and assignments. Pressto not only corrects errors but also explains the reasoning behind suggested changes. Bacon suggested that teachers project their screen while doing a writing demonstration and read the suggestions from Pressto so instruction is embedded. Bacon also noted that Pressto was willing to sign \u003ca href=\"https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EDN/2-D\">Education Law 2-D\u003c/a> paperwork, which would make them compliant with New York’s student data privacy laws.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Welcome to Pressto\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/o8Z4j802sfM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While all of the AI tools Bacon recommended are free, she notes that these products may start to charge for use. New AI products are always coming out, however, so it’s likely that teachers can find a few that fit their needs. Bacon frequently scans Facebook and TikTok for groups and resources about new tools. “Things are coming out so fast, it is hard to keep up,” wrote Bacon in an email. She linked to yet another tool she recently discovered called \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.magicschool.ai/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Magic School AI\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and described it as an exciting blend of all of the other products she recommended.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/62462/8-free-ai-powered-tools-that-can-save-teachers-time-and-enhance-instruction","authors":["11721"],"categories":["mindshift_192","mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_1023","mindshift_108","mindshift_21027","mindshift_739","mindshift_22","mindshift_962","mindshift_21294","mindshift_995","mindshift_421","mindshift_21398"],"featImg":"mindshift_62466","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_62317":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_62317","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"62317","score":null,"sort":[1693821626000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-easy-is-it-to-fool-chatgpt-detectors","title":"How easy is it to fool ChatGPT detectors?","publishDate":1693821626,"format":"standard","headTitle":"How easy is it to fool ChatGPT detectors? | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp class=\"p6\">A high school English teacher recently explained to me how she’s coping with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61098/worried-about-chatgpt-and-cheating-here-are-4-things-teachers-should-know\">latest challenge\u003c/a> to education in America: ChatGPT. She runs every student essay through five different generative AI detectors. She thought the extra effort would \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60897/everybody-is-cheating-why-this-teacher-has-adopted-an-open-chatgpt-policy\">catch the cheaters\u003c/a> in her classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">A clever series of experiments by computer scientists and engineers at Stanford University indicate that her labors to vet each essay five ways might be in vain. The researchers demonstrated how seven commonly used GPT detectors are so primitive that they are both easily fooled by machine generated essays and improperly \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/04/01/chatgpt-cheating-detection-turnitin/\">flagging innocent students\u003c/a>. Layering several detectors on top of each other does little to solve the problem of false negatives and positives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">“If AI-generated content can easily evade detection while human text is frequently misclassified, how effective are these detectors truly?” the Stanford scientists wrote in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/patterns/fulltext/S2666-3899(23)00130-7?_returnURL=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2666389923001307?showall=true\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">July 2023 paper\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, published under the banner, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2666-3899(23)00130-7\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">opinion\u003c/span>\u003c/a>,” in the peer-reviewed data science journal Patterns. “Claims of GPT detectors’ ‘99% accuracy’ are often taken at face value by a broader audience, which is misleading at best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">The scientists began by generating 31 counterfeit college admissions essays using \u003ca href=\"https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">ChatGPT 3.5\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, the free version that any student can use. GPT detectors were pretty good at flagging them. Two of the seven detectors they tested caught all 31 counterfeits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">But all seven GPT detectors could be easily tricked with a simple tweak. The scientists asked ChatGPT to rewrite the same fake essays with this prompt: “Elevate the provided text by employing literary language.” Detection rates plummeted to near zero (3%, on average).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-62322\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image1-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"780\" height=\"978\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image1-1.png 780w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image1-1-160x201.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image1-1-768x963.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">I wondered what constitutes literary language in the ChatGPT universe. Instead of college essays, I asked ChatGPT to write a paragraph about the perils of plagiarism. In ChatGPT’s first version, it wrote: “Plagiarism presents a grave threat not only to academic integrity but also to the development of critical thinking and originality among students.” In the second, “elevated” version, plagiarism is “a lurking specter” that “casts a formidable shadow over the realm of academia, threatening not only the sanctity of scholastic honesty but also the very essence of intellectual maturation.”\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>If I were a teacher, the preposterous magniloquence would have been a red flag. But when I ran both drafts through several AI detectors, the boring first one was flagged by all of them. The flamboyant second draft was flagged by none. Compare the \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/090423-Plagiarism-drafts-1.pdf\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">two drafts side by side\u003c/span>\u003c/a> for yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p10\">\u003cb>Simple prompts bypass ChatGPT detectors. Red bars are AI detection before making the language loftier; gray bars are after.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_62320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 780px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-62320\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image3-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"780\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image3-1.png 780w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image3-1-160x93.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image3-1-768x447.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For ChatGPT 3.5 generated college admission essays, the performance of seven widely used ChatGPT detectors declines markedly when a second round self-edit prompt (“Elevate the provided text by employing literary language”) is applied. \u003ccite>(Source: Liang, W., et al. “GPT detectors are biased against non-native English writers,” 2023.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">Meanwhile, these same GPT detectors incorrectly flagged essays written by real humans as AI generated more than half the time when the students were not native English speakers. The researchers collected a batch of 91 practice English TOEFL essays that Chinese students had voluntarily uploaded to a \u003cspan class=\"s2\">test-prep forum\u003c/span> before ChatGPT was invented. (TOEFL is the acronym for the Test of English as a Foreign Language, which is taken by international students who are applying to U.S. universities.) After running the 91 essays through all seven ChatGPT detectors, 89 essays were identified by one or more detectors as possibly AI-generated. All seven detectors unanimously marked one out of five essays as AI authored. By contrast, the researchers found that GPT detectors accurately categorized a separate batch of 88 eighth grade essays, submitted by real American students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">My former colleague Tara García Mathewson brought this research to my attention in her first story for The Markup, which highlighted how international college students are facing \u003ca href=\"https://themarkup.org/machine-learning/2023/08/14/ai-detection-tools-falsely-accuse-international-students-of-cheating\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">unjust accusations of cheating\u003c/span>\u003c/a> and need to prove their innocence. The Stanford scientists are warning not only about unfair bias but also about the futility of using the current generation of AI detectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p10\">\u003cb>Bias in ChatGPT detectors. Leading detectors incorrectly flag a majority of essays written by international students, but accurately classify writing of American eighth graders. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_62321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 780px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-62321\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image2-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"780\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image2-1.png 780w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image2-1-160x92.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image2-1-768x442.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than half of the TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) essays written by non-native English speakers were incorrectly classified as “AI-generated,” while detectors exhibit near-perfect accuracy for U.S. eighth graders’ essays. \u003ccite>(Source: Liang, W., et al. “GPT detectors are biased against non-native English writers,” 2023.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">The reason that the AI detectors are failing in both cases – with a bot’s fancy language and with foreign students’ real writing – is the same. And it has to do with how the AI detectors work. Detectors are a machine learning model that analyzes vocabulary choices, syntax and grammar. A widely adopted measure inside numerous GPT detectors is something called “text perplexity,” a calculation of how predictable or banal the writing is. It gauges the degree of “surprise” in how words are strung together in an essay. If the model can predict the next word in a sentence easily, the perplexity is low. If the next word is hard to predict, the perplexity is high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">Low perplexity is a symptom of an AI generated text, while high perplexity is a sign of human writing. My intentional use of the word “banal” above, for example, is a lexical choice that might “surprise” the detector and put this column squarely in the non-AI generated bucket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">Because text perplexity is a key measure inside the GPT detectors, it becomes easy to game with loftier language. Non-native speakers get flagged because they are likely to exhibit less linguistic variability and syntactic complexity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">The seven detectors were created by \u003ca href=\"https://originality.ai/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">originality.ai\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, Quill.org, \u003ca href=\"https://sapling.ai/ai-content-detector\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Sapling\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://crossplag.com/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Crossplag\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://gptzero.me/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">GPTZero\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.zerogpt.com/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">ZeroGPT\u003c/span>\u003c/a> and OpenAI (the creator of ChatGPT). During the summer of 2023, Quill and \u003cspan class=\"s2\">OpenAI\u003c/span> both \u003ca href=\"https://openai.com/blog/new-ai-classifier-for-indicating-ai-written-text\">decommissioned\u003c/a> their free AI checkers because of inaccuracies. Open AI’s website says it’s planning to launch a \u003ca href=\"https://openai.com/blog/new-ai-classifier-for-indicating-ai-written-text\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">new one\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">“We have taken down AI Writing Check,” Quill.org wrote on its website, “because the new versions of Generative AI tools are too sophisticated for detection by AI.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">The site blamed newer generative AI tools that have come out since ChatGPT launched last year. For example, \u003ca href=\"https://undetectable.ai/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Undetectable AI\u003c/span>\u003c/a> promises to turn any AI-generated essay into one that can evade detectors … for a fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">Quill recommends a clever workaround: check students’ Google doc version history, which Google captures and saves every few minutes. A normal document history should show every typo and sentence change as a student is writing. But someone who had an essay written for them – either by a robot or a ghostwriter – will simply copy and paste the entire essay at once into a blank screen. “No human writes that way,” the Quill site says. A more detailed explanation of how to check a document’s version history is \u003ca href=\"https://aiwritingcheck.org/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">Checking revision histories might be more effective, but this level of detective work is ridiculously time consuming for a high school English teacher who is grading dozens of essays. AI was supposed to save us time, but right now, it’s adding to the workload of time-pressed teachers!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">\u003ci>This story about \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proof-points-its-easy-to-fool-chatgpt-detectors/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003ci>ChatGPT detectors\u003c/i>\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003ci> was written by Jill Barshay and produced by \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proofpoints/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003ci>Proof Points\u003c/i>\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003ci> and other \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/newsletters/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003ci>Hechinger newsletters\u003c/i>\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003ci>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A Stanford study shows that ChatGPT detectors often fail to catch AI-generated content and have biases against non-native English, making them less useful than English teachers hope.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1693594023,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":3,"wordCount":1305},"headData":{"title":"How easy is it to fool ChatGPT detectors? | KQED","description":"GPT detectors often fail to catch AI-generated content and misclassify work by non-native English speakers, making them less useful than teachers hope.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"GPT detectors often fail to catch AI-generated content and misclassify work by non-native English speakers, making them less useful than teachers hope.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How easy is it to fool ChatGPT detectors?","datePublished":"2023-09-04T10:00:26.000Z","dateModified":"2023-09-01T18:47:03.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"nprByline":"Jill Barshay, \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/62317/how-easy-is-it-to-fool-chatgpt-detectors","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p6\">A high school English teacher recently explained to me how she’s coping with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61098/worried-about-chatgpt-and-cheating-here-are-4-things-teachers-should-know\">latest challenge\u003c/a> to education in America: ChatGPT. She runs every student essay through five different generative AI detectors. She thought the extra effort would \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60897/everybody-is-cheating-why-this-teacher-has-adopted-an-open-chatgpt-policy\">catch the cheaters\u003c/a> in her classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">A clever series of experiments by computer scientists and engineers at Stanford University indicate that her labors to vet each essay five ways might be in vain. The researchers demonstrated how seven commonly used GPT detectors are so primitive that they are both easily fooled by machine generated essays and improperly \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/04/01/chatgpt-cheating-detection-turnitin/\">flagging innocent students\u003c/a>. Layering several detectors on top of each other does little to solve the problem of false negatives and positives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">“If AI-generated content can easily evade detection while human text is frequently misclassified, how effective are these detectors truly?” the Stanford scientists wrote in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/patterns/fulltext/S2666-3899(23)00130-7?_returnURL=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2666389923001307?showall=true\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">July 2023 paper\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, published under the banner, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2666-3899(23)00130-7\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">opinion\u003c/span>\u003c/a>,” in the peer-reviewed data science journal Patterns. “Claims of GPT detectors’ ‘99% accuracy’ are often taken at face value by a broader audience, which is misleading at best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">The scientists began by generating 31 counterfeit college admissions essays using \u003ca href=\"https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">ChatGPT 3.5\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, the free version that any student can use. GPT detectors were pretty good at flagging them. Two of the seven detectors they tested caught all 31 counterfeits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">But all seven GPT detectors could be easily tricked with a simple tweak. The scientists asked ChatGPT to rewrite the same fake essays with this prompt: “Elevate the provided text by employing literary language.” Detection rates plummeted to near zero (3%, on average).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-62322\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image1-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"780\" height=\"978\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image1-1.png 780w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image1-1-160x201.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image1-1-768x963.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">I wondered what constitutes literary language in the ChatGPT universe. Instead of college essays, I asked ChatGPT to write a paragraph about the perils of plagiarism. In ChatGPT’s first version, it wrote: “Plagiarism presents a grave threat not only to academic integrity but also to the development of critical thinking and originality among students.” In the second, “elevated” version, plagiarism is “a lurking specter” that “casts a formidable shadow over the realm of academia, threatening not only the sanctity of scholastic honesty but also the very essence of intellectual maturation.”\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>If I were a teacher, the preposterous magniloquence would have been a red flag. But when I ran both drafts through several AI detectors, the boring first one was flagged by all of them. The flamboyant second draft was flagged by none. Compare the \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/090423-Plagiarism-drafts-1.pdf\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">two drafts side by side\u003c/span>\u003c/a> for yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p10\">\u003cb>Simple prompts bypass ChatGPT detectors. Red bars are AI detection before making the language loftier; gray bars are after.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_62320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 780px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-62320\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image3-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"780\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image3-1.png 780w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image3-1-160x93.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image3-1-768x447.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For ChatGPT 3.5 generated college admission essays, the performance of seven widely used ChatGPT detectors declines markedly when a second round self-edit prompt (“Elevate the provided text by employing literary language”) is applied. \u003ccite>(Source: Liang, W., et al. “GPT detectors are biased against non-native English writers,” 2023.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">Meanwhile, these same GPT detectors incorrectly flagged essays written by real humans as AI generated more than half the time when the students were not native English speakers. The researchers collected a batch of 91 practice English TOEFL essays that Chinese students had voluntarily uploaded to a \u003cspan class=\"s2\">test-prep forum\u003c/span> before ChatGPT was invented. (TOEFL is the acronym for the Test of English as a Foreign Language, which is taken by international students who are applying to U.S. universities.) After running the 91 essays through all seven ChatGPT detectors, 89 essays were identified by one or more detectors as possibly AI-generated. All seven detectors unanimously marked one out of five essays as AI authored. By contrast, the researchers found that GPT detectors accurately categorized a separate batch of 88 eighth grade essays, submitted by real American students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">My former colleague Tara García Mathewson brought this research to my attention in her first story for The Markup, which highlighted how international college students are facing \u003ca href=\"https://themarkup.org/machine-learning/2023/08/14/ai-detection-tools-falsely-accuse-international-students-of-cheating\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">unjust accusations of cheating\u003c/span>\u003c/a> and need to prove their innocence. The Stanford scientists are warning not only about unfair bias but also about the futility of using the current generation of AI detectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p10\">\u003cb>Bias in ChatGPT detectors. Leading detectors incorrectly flag a majority of essays written by international students, but accurately classify writing of American eighth graders. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_62321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 780px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-62321\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image2-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"780\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image2-1.png 780w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image2-1-160x92.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/08/image2-1-768x442.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than half of the TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) essays written by non-native English speakers were incorrectly classified as “AI-generated,” while detectors exhibit near-perfect accuracy for U.S. eighth graders’ essays. \u003ccite>(Source: Liang, W., et al. “GPT detectors are biased against non-native English writers,” 2023.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">The reason that the AI detectors are failing in both cases – with a bot’s fancy language and with foreign students’ real writing – is the same. And it has to do with how the AI detectors work. Detectors are a machine learning model that analyzes vocabulary choices, syntax and grammar. A widely adopted measure inside numerous GPT detectors is something called “text perplexity,” a calculation of how predictable or banal the writing is. It gauges the degree of “surprise” in how words are strung together in an essay. If the model can predict the next word in a sentence easily, the perplexity is low. If the next word is hard to predict, the perplexity is high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">Low perplexity is a symptom of an AI generated text, while high perplexity is a sign of human writing. My intentional use of the word “banal” above, for example, is a lexical choice that might “surprise” the detector and put this column squarely in the non-AI generated bucket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">Because text perplexity is a key measure inside the GPT detectors, it becomes easy to game with loftier language. Non-native speakers get flagged because they are likely to exhibit less linguistic variability and syntactic complexity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">The seven detectors were created by \u003ca href=\"https://originality.ai/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">originality.ai\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, Quill.org, \u003ca href=\"https://sapling.ai/ai-content-detector\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Sapling\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://crossplag.com/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Crossplag\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://gptzero.me/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">GPTZero\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.zerogpt.com/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">ZeroGPT\u003c/span>\u003c/a> and OpenAI (the creator of ChatGPT). During the summer of 2023, Quill and \u003cspan class=\"s2\">OpenAI\u003c/span> both \u003ca href=\"https://openai.com/blog/new-ai-classifier-for-indicating-ai-written-text\">decommissioned\u003c/a> their free AI checkers because of inaccuracies. Open AI’s website says it’s planning to launch a \u003ca href=\"https://openai.com/blog/new-ai-classifier-for-indicating-ai-written-text\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">new one\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">“We have taken down AI Writing Check,” Quill.org wrote on its website, “because the new versions of Generative AI tools are too sophisticated for detection by AI.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">The site blamed newer generative AI tools that have come out since ChatGPT launched last year. For example, \u003ca href=\"https://undetectable.ai/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Undetectable AI\u003c/span>\u003c/a> promises to turn any AI-generated essay into one that can evade detectors … for a fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">Quill recommends a clever workaround: check students’ Google doc version history, which Google captures and saves every few minutes. A normal document history should show every typo and sentence change as a student is writing. But someone who had an essay written for them – either by a robot or a ghostwriter – will simply copy and paste the entire essay at once into a blank screen. “No human writes that way,” the Quill site says. A more detailed explanation of how to check a document’s version history is \u003ca href=\"https://aiwritingcheck.org/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">Checking revision histories might be more effective, but this level of detective work is ridiculously time consuming for a high school English teacher who is grading dozens of essays. AI was supposed to save us time, but right now, it’s adding to the workload of time-pressed teachers!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p7\">\u003ci>This story about \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proof-points-its-easy-to-fool-chatgpt-detectors/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003ci>ChatGPT detectors\u003c/i>\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003ci> was written by Jill Barshay and produced by \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">The Hechinger Report\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/proofpoints/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003ci>Proof Points\u003c/i>\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003ci> and other \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/newsletters/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">\u003ci>Hechinger newsletters\u003c/i>\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003ci>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/62317/how-easy-is-it-to-fool-chatgpt-detectors","authors":["byline_mindshift_62317"],"categories":["mindshift_195","mindshift_21504"],"tags":["mindshift_1023","mindshift_21511","mindshift_739","mindshift_482"],"featImg":"mindshift_62319","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_61098":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_61098","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"61098","score":null,"sort":[1677582039000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"worried-about-chatgpt-and-cheating-here-are-4-things-teachers-should-know","title":"Worried about ChatGPT and cheating? Here are 4 things teachers should know","publishDate":1677582039,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In his university teaching days, Mark Schneider watched as his students’ research sources moved from the library to Wikipedia to Google. With greater access to online information, cheating and plagiarism became easier. So Schneider, who taught at State University of New York, Stony Brook for 30 years, crafted essay prompts in ways that he hoped would deter copy-paste responses. Even then, he once received a student essay with a bill from a paper-writing company stapled to the back. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers probably spend more time than they’d like trying to thwart students who are able to cheat in creative ways. And many educators are alarmed that ChatGPT, a new and widely available artificial intelligence (AI) model developed by OpenAI, offers yet another way for students to sidestep assignments. ChatGPT uses machine learning and large language modeling to produce convincingly human-like writing. Because users can input prompts or questions into ChatGPT and get paragraphs of text, it has become a popular way for students to complete essays and research papers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some schools have already banned ChatGPT for students. At the same time, some educators are exploring ways to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/chatgpt-ai-use-school-essay-7bc171932ff9b994e04f6eaefc09319f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">harness the tool for learning\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. To help educators understand how artificial intelligence might fit into a classroom environment, Schneider, who is now the director of the Institute of Education Sciences (IES), an independent research arm of the U.S. Department of Education, compares it to the invention of the calculator. “For years there was a question about whether or not students should have calculators when they do a math assessment,” he said. “And this happens all over the place: Some new technology comes [and] it’s overwhelming.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eventually educators decided to permit calculators and make test questions more complex instead of constantly having to monitor students’ behavior. Similarly, with ChatGPT, Schneider urges educators to ask themselves, “What do you need to do with this incredibly powerful tool so that it is used in the furtherance of education rather than as a cheat sheet?” In a conversation with MindShift, he addressed teachers’ ChatGPT worries and offered insights on how to ensure students continue to have meaningful learning experiences.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Using ChatGPT to cheat isn’t fool-proof\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ChatGPT produces essays that are grammatically correct and free of spelling errors in a matter of seconds; however, its information isn’t always factual. ChatGPT provides answers that draw from webpages that may be biased, outdated or incorrect. Schneider described ChatGPT’s output as “semi reliable.” It has been shown to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60639/a-new-ai-chatbot-might-do-your-homework-for-you-but-its-still-not-an-a-student\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">produce plausible references that are inaccurate\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and supply convincing answers that are not rooted in science. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“So when people get lazy and [say], ‘Hey, write this thing for me,’ and then take it and use it, there could be errors in it,” said Schneider. This makes it a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60897/everybody-is-cheating-why-this-teacher-has-adopted-an-open-chatgpt-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">valuable tool for generating ideas\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and writing rough drafts, but a risky option when using it for final assignments. Students who decide to use ChatGPT will likely need to double check that the information it provides is correct either by knowing the information in the first place or confirming with other dependable sources.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>ChatGPT can support teachers, not replace them\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For some educators, ChatGPT also raises alarm that the widespread adoption of AI could lead to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edsurge.com/news/2023-01-19-ai-tools-like-chatgpt-may-reshape-teaching-materials-and-possibly-substitute-teach\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">job losses\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, particularly in areas such as tutoring and teaching languages. Schneider said that’s unlikely. “I can't imagine a school system that has no teachers in it,” he said. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/why-teacher-student-relationships-matter/2019/03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Numerous studies\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> show a correlation between strong student-teacher connections and increased student involvement, attendance and academic performance.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As people explore how AI will support teaching and learning, teachers' roles may change as these tech tools become more widely used. “Teachers are going to have to evolve and figure out how to harness the power of this tool to improve instruction,” said Schneider. For example, the AI Institute for Transforming Education for Children with Speech and Language Processing Challenges, which was awarded $20 million in funding from IES and the National Science Foundation, is exploring how ChatGPT can support speech pathologists. According to a recent \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asha.org/siteassets/surveys/2022-schools-survey-slp-caseload.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">survey by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, the median number of students served by one speech pathologist is 48. “There are simply not enough pathologists in schools,” said Schneider. ChatGPT has the potential to help speech pathologists complete paperwork, which takes up \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asha.org/siteassets/surveys/2022-schools-survey-slp-caseload.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">almost six hours each week\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and build personalized treatment plans for students with cognitive disabilities, such as dyslexia.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We need to rethink what we can do to free up teachers to do the work that they are really good at and how to help them individualize their interventions and provide instruction and support,” said Schneider.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>When you use ChatGPT, your data is not secure\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ChatGPT is convincing because it references a massive amount of data and identifies patterns to generate text that seems like it is written by a human. It can even mimic the writing style and tone of the person who uses it. “The more data they have, the better the model,” said Schneider, referring to ChatGPT’s ability to generate responses. “And there's tons of data floating around.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The information that users put into ChatGPT to make it generate a response – also known as the input – can take the form of a question, a statement or even a partial text that the user wants ChatGPT to complete. But when students use ChatGPT they may be putting their data at risk.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://openai.com/privacy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to Open AI’s privacy policy\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, inputs – including ones with personal information, such as names, addresses, phone numbers or other sensitive content – may be reviewed and shared with third parties. Also, there is the ever present risk that if ChatGPT is hacked, a bad actor can access users’ data. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Schneider acknowledged that if ChatGPT will be used to support teaching and learning, privacy is a major concern. “We are developing much better methods for preserving privacy than we have in the past,” he said. “We have to remember it's a bit of a cost analysis. Using all this data has many benefits. It also has some risks. We have to balance those.” He added that ChatGPT is similar to wearing an Apple Watch or talking to an Amazon Alexa, because those tools also rely on data from users. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Banning ChatGPT isn’t a long-term solution\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because students can input original prompts into ChatGPT and get unique answers, it raises the question: \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/chatgpt-college-university-plagiarism/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Is using ChatGPT plagiarism?\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And how much does AI-generated text need to be edited until it is considered a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cultofpedagogy.com/preventing-plagiarism/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">students’ own work\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">? In lieu of answering these questions, some schools, including districts in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2023/01/05/nyc-schools-ban-chatgpt/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Los Angeles, New York City\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.geekwire.com/2023/seattle-public-schools-bans-chatgpt-district-requires-original-thought-and-work-from-students/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Seattle\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, have opted to ban use of ChatGPT outright.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Schneider concedes that it makes sense for schools and teachers to hold ChatGPT at bay for the rest of the school year so they can take the summer to figure out how to use it next year. For example, ChatGPT can be used to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/12/technology/chatgpt-schools-teachers.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">help students outline essays\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> before they write a rough draft longhand. Other teachers have used ChatGPT to suggest classroom activities or generate test questions. Trying to ban it completely won’t work and it’s an innovation in education that teachers will eventually have to face, Schneider said. “Just like they had to face calculators and computers and laptops and iPhones.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Mark Schneider, the director of the Institute of Education Sciences, addressed teachers’ ChatGPT worries and offered insights on how to ensure students continue to have meaningful learning experiences.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1677305871,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":1281},"headData":{"title":"Worried about ChatGPT and cheating? Here are 4 things teachers should know | KQED","description":"Should teachers be concerned about students using ChatGPT to cheat? Mark Schneider, the director of the Institute of Education Sciences, talks about Chat GPT’s limitations and potential.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Worried about ChatGPT and cheating? Here are 4 things teachers should know","datePublished":"2023-02-28T11:00:39.000Z","dateModified":"2023-02-25T06:17:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/61098/worried-about-chatgpt-and-cheating-here-are-4-things-teachers-should-know","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In his university teaching days, Mark Schneider watched as his students’ research sources moved from the library to Wikipedia to Google. With greater access to online information, cheating and plagiarism became easier. So Schneider, who taught at State University of New York, Stony Brook for 30 years, crafted essay prompts in ways that he hoped would deter copy-paste responses. Even then, he once received a student essay with a bill from a paper-writing company stapled to the back. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers probably spend more time than they’d like trying to thwart students who are able to cheat in creative ways. And many educators are alarmed that ChatGPT, a new and widely available artificial intelligence (AI) model developed by OpenAI, offers yet another way for students to sidestep assignments. ChatGPT uses machine learning and large language modeling to produce convincingly human-like writing. Because users can input prompts or questions into ChatGPT and get paragraphs of text, it has become a popular way for students to complete essays and research papers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some schools have already banned ChatGPT for students. At the same time, some educators are exploring ways to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/chatgpt-ai-use-school-essay-7bc171932ff9b994e04f6eaefc09319f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">harness the tool for learning\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. To help educators understand how artificial intelligence might fit into a classroom environment, Schneider, who is now the director of the Institute of Education Sciences (IES), an independent research arm of the U.S. Department of Education, compares it to the invention of the calculator. “For years there was a question about whether or not students should have calculators when they do a math assessment,” he said. “And this happens all over the place: Some new technology comes [and] it’s overwhelming.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eventually educators decided to permit calculators and make test questions more complex instead of constantly having to monitor students’ behavior. Similarly, with ChatGPT, Schneider urges educators to ask themselves, “What do you need to do with this incredibly powerful tool so that it is used in the furtherance of education rather than as a cheat sheet?” In a conversation with MindShift, he addressed teachers’ ChatGPT worries and offered insights on how to ensure students continue to have meaningful learning experiences.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Using ChatGPT to cheat isn’t fool-proof\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ChatGPT produces essays that are grammatically correct and free of spelling errors in a matter of seconds; however, its information isn’t always factual. ChatGPT provides answers that draw from webpages that may be biased, outdated or incorrect. Schneider described ChatGPT’s output as “semi reliable.” It has been shown to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60639/a-new-ai-chatbot-might-do-your-homework-for-you-but-its-still-not-an-a-student\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">produce plausible references that are inaccurate\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and supply convincing answers that are not rooted in science. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“So when people get lazy and [say], ‘Hey, write this thing for me,’ and then take it and use it, there could be errors in it,” said Schneider. This makes it a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/60897/everybody-is-cheating-why-this-teacher-has-adopted-an-open-chatgpt-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">valuable tool for generating ideas\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and writing rough drafts, but a risky option when using it for final assignments. Students who decide to use ChatGPT will likely need to double check that the information it provides is correct either by knowing the information in the first place or confirming with other dependable sources.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>ChatGPT can support teachers, not replace them\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For some educators, ChatGPT also raises alarm that the widespread adoption of AI could lead to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edsurge.com/news/2023-01-19-ai-tools-like-chatgpt-may-reshape-teaching-materials-and-possibly-substitute-teach\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">job losses\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, particularly in areas such as tutoring and teaching languages. Schneider said that’s unlikely. “I can't imagine a school system that has no teachers in it,” he said. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/why-teacher-student-relationships-matter/2019/03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Numerous studies\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> show a correlation between strong student-teacher connections and increased student involvement, attendance and academic performance.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As people explore how AI will support teaching and learning, teachers' roles may change as these tech tools become more widely used. “Teachers are going to have to evolve and figure out how to harness the power of this tool to improve instruction,” said Schneider. For example, the AI Institute for Transforming Education for Children with Speech and Language Processing Challenges, which was awarded $20 million in funding from IES and the National Science Foundation, is exploring how ChatGPT can support speech pathologists. According to a recent \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asha.org/siteassets/surveys/2022-schools-survey-slp-caseload.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">survey by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, the median number of students served by one speech pathologist is 48. “There are simply not enough pathologists in schools,” said Schneider. ChatGPT has the potential to help speech pathologists complete paperwork, which takes up \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asha.org/siteassets/surveys/2022-schools-survey-slp-caseload.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">almost six hours each week\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and build personalized treatment plans for students with cognitive disabilities, such as dyslexia.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We need to rethink what we can do to free up teachers to do the work that they are really good at and how to help them individualize their interventions and provide instruction and support,” said Schneider.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>When you use ChatGPT, your data is not secure\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ChatGPT is convincing because it references a massive amount of data and identifies patterns to generate text that seems like it is written by a human. It can even mimic the writing style and tone of the person who uses it. “The more data they have, the better the model,” said Schneider, referring to ChatGPT’s ability to generate responses. “And there's tons of data floating around.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The information that users put into ChatGPT to make it generate a response – also known as the input – can take the form of a question, a statement or even a partial text that the user wants ChatGPT to complete. But when students use ChatGPT they may be putting their data at risk.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://openai.com/privacy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to Open AI’s privacy policy\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, inputs – including ones with personal information, such as names, addresses, phone numbers or other sensitive content – may be reviewed and shared with third parties. Also, there is the ever present risk that if ChatGPT is hacked, a bad actor can access users’ data. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Schneider acknowledged that if ChatGPT will be used to support teaching and learning, privacy is a major concern. “We are developing much better methods for preserving privacy than we have in the past,” he said. “We have to remember it's a bit of a cost analysis. Using all this data has many benefits. It also has some risks. We have to balance those.” He added that ChatGPT is similar to wearing an Apple Watch or talking to an Amazon Alexa, because those tools also rely on data from users. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Banning ChatGPT isn’t a long-term solution\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because students can input original prompts into ChatGPT and get unique answers, it raises the question: \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/chatgpt-college-university-plagiarism/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Is using ChatGPT plagiarism?\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And how much does AI-generated text need to be edited until it is considered a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cultofpedagogy.com/preventing-plagiarism/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">students’ own work\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">? In lieu of answering these questions, some schools, including districts in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2023/01/05/nyc-schools-ban-chatgpt/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Los Angeles, New York City\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.geekwire.com/2023/seattle-public-schools-bans-chatgpt-district-requires-original-thought-and-work-from-students/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Seattle\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, have opted to ban use of ChatGPT outright.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Schneider concedes that it makes sense for schools and teachers to hold ChatGPT at bay for the rest of the school year so they can take the summer to figure out how to use it next year. For example, ChatGPT can be used to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/12/technology/chatgpt-schools-teachers.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">help students outline essays\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> before they write a rough draft longhand. Other teachers have used ChatGPT to suggest classroom activities or generate test questions. Trying to ban it completely won’t work and it’s an innovation in education that teachers will eventually have to face, Schneider said. “Just like they had to face calculators and computers and laptops and iPhones.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/61098/worried-about-chatgpt-and-cheating-here-are-4-things-teachers-should-know","authors":["11721"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_1023","mindshift_108","mindshift_21511","mindshift_739","mindshift_631","mindshift_918","mindshift_21213","mindshift_20898","mindshift_166","mindshift_125","mindshift_21094","mindshift_851"],"featImg":"mindshift_61099","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_59789":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_59789","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"59789","score":null,"sort":[1661494256000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"scanning-students-rooms-during-remote-tests-is-unconstitutional-judge-rules","title":"Scanning students' rooms during remote tests is unconstitutional, judge rules","publishDate":1661494256,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>The remote-proctored exam that colleges began using widely during the pandemic saw a first big legal test of its own — one that concluded in a ruling applauded by digital privacy advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge this week sided with a student at Cleveland State University in Ohio, who alleged that a room scan taken before his online test as a proctoring measure was unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aaron Ogletree, a chemistry student, sat for a test during his spring semester last year. Before starting the exam, he was asked to show the virtual proctor his bedroom. He complied, and the recording data was stored by one of the school's third-party proctoring tools, Honorlock, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://bbgohio.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/MSJ-decision.pdf\">ruling documents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ogletree then sued his university, alleging that the room scan violated his Fourth Amendment rights protecting U.S. citizens against \"unreasonable searches and seizures.\" In its defense, Cleveland State argued that room scans are not \"searches,\" because they are limited in scope, conducted to ensure academic fairness and exam integrity, and not coerced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. district court Judge J. Philip Calabrese on Monday decided in Ogletree's favor: Room scans are unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Ogletree's privacy interest in his home outweighs Cleveland State's interests in scanning his room. Accordingly, the Court determines that Cleveland State's practice of conducting room scans is unreasonable under the Fourth Amendment,\" Judge Calabrese concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2020, COVID-19 restrictions have forced students to take remote exams, so universities have come to rely on browser plug-ins and other software from third-party proctor companies to prevent cheating on tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil rights attorney Matthew Besser, who represented Ogletree, described the decision as a landmark case in a post \u003ca href=\"https://bbgohio.com/blog/landmark-student-privacy-victory/\">on his firm's blog\u003c/a>: \"The case appears to be the first in the nation to hold that the Fourth Amendment protects students from unreasonable video searches of their homes before taking a remote test.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Privacy advocates laud the ruling\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Digital privacy advocates have raised red flags over online proctoring services' alleged civil liberty violations in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2020, the Electronic Privacy Information Center \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/documents/in-re-online-test-proctoring-companies/\">filed a complaint\u003c/a> against five popular proctoring services, including Honorlock, for their \"invasive\" and \"deceptive\" data collection practices. Fight for the Future, a nonprofit that created the website \u003ca href=\"http://baneproctoring.com/\">BanEproctoring.com\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fightforthefuture.org/news/2022-08-22-no-more-student-room-scans-statement-on-a-major-victory-over-eproctoring-surveillance\">called the decision\u003c/a> a \"major victory.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The opinion documents state that the Ohio university is not aware of any data breaches related to remote exam recordings, and that access to the video is strictly controlled. Cleveland State University has not yet responded to NPR's request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The definition of a \"search\" is in question\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The university contested the fact that remote virtual room scans constituted \"searches.\" It argued that the scan was a regulatory process unrelated to criminality, with a goal of exam integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scan of Ogletree's room lasted no more than a minute, and as little as 10 seconds. The defense argued, according to court documents, that the scan was \"brief, only revealed items in plain view, and the student controlled the inspection to the extent that the student chose where in the house to take the exam and where in the room to direct the camera.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiff was free to object to the scan, the defense added. A student who refused to perform the exam could still take the test, the school argued, even if opting out meant getting no credit for the exam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge didn't agree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Rooms scans go where people otherwise would not, at least not without a warrant or an invitation. Nor does it follow that room scans are not searches because the technology is 'in general public use,'\" Judge Calabrese said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Scanning+students%27+rooms+during+remote+tests+is+unconstitutional%2C+judge+rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In what's believed to be the first case of its kind, a student argued that Cleveland State University violated his Fourth Amendment rights when he complied with a webcam recording of his exam space.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1661498008,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":625},"headData":{"title":"Scanning students' rooms during remote tests is unconstitutional, judge rules - MindShift","description":"In what's believed to be the first case of its kind, a student argued that Cleveland State University violated his Fourth Amendment rights when he complied with a webcam recording of his exam space.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Scanning students' rooms during remote tests is unconstitutional, judge rules","datePublished":"2022-08-26T06:10:56.000Z","dateModified":"2022-08-26T07:13:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"59789 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=59789","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2022/08/25/scanning-students-rooms-during-remote-tests-is-unconstitutional-judge-rules/","disqusTitle":"Scanning students' rooms during remote tests is unconstitutional, judge rules","nprImageCredit":"Leon Neal","nprByline":"Emma Bowman","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"1119337956","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1119337956&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/25/1119337956/test-proctoring-room-scans-unconstitutional-cleveland-state-university?ft=nprml&f=1119337956","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 25 Aug 2022 19:17:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 25 Aug 2022 05:30:47 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 25 Aug 2022 19:17:54 -0400","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/mindshift/59789/scanning-students-rooms-during-remote-tests-is-unconstitutional-judge-rules","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The remote-proctored exam that colleges began using widely during the pandemic saw a first big legal test of its own — one that concluded in a ruling applauded by digital privacy advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge this week sided with a student at Cleveland State University in Ohio, who alleged that a room scan taken before his online test as a proctoring measure was unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aaron Ogletree, a chemistry student, sat for a test during his spring semester last year. Before starting the exam, he was asked to show the virtual proctor his bedroom. He complied, and the recording data was stored by one of the school's third-party proctoring tools, Honorlock, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://bbgohio.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/MSJ-decision.pdf\">ruling documents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ogletree then sued his university, alleging that the room scan violated his Fourth Amendment rights protecting U.S. citizens against \"unreasonable searches and seizures.\" In its defense, Cleveland State argued that room scans are not \"searches,\" because they are limited in scope, conducted to ensure academic fairness and exam integrity, and not coerced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. district court Judge J. Philip Calabrese on Monday decided in Ogletree's favor: Room scans are unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Ogletree's privacy interest in his home outweighs Cleveland State's interests in scanning his room. Accordingly, the Court determines that Cleveland State's practice of conducting room scans is unreasonable under the Fourth Amendment,\" Judge Calabrese concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2020, COVID-19 restrictions have forced students to take remote exams, so universities have come to rely on browser plug-ins and other software from third-party proctor companies to prevent cheating on tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil rights attorney Matthew Besser, who represented Ogletree, described the decision as a landmark case in a post \u003ca href=\"https://bbgohio.com/blog/landmark-student-privacy-victory/\">on his firm's blog\u003c/a>: \"The case appears to be the first in the nation to hold that the Fourth Amendment protects students from unreasonable video searches of their homes before taking a remote test.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Privacy advocates laud the ruling\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Digital privacy advocates have raised red flags over online proctoring services' alleged civil liberty violations in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2020, the Electronic Privacy Information Center \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/documents/in-re-online-test-proctoring-companies/\">filed a complaint\u003c/a> against five popular proctoring services, including Honorlock, for their \"invasive\" and \"deceptive\" data collection practices. Fight for the Future, a nonprofit that created the website \u003ca href=\"http://baneproctoring.com/\">BanEproctoring.com\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fightforthefuture.org/news/2022-08-22-no-more-student-room-scans-statement-on-a-major-victory-over-eproctoring-surveillance\">called the decision\u003c/a> a \"major victory.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The opinion documents state that the Ohio university is not aware of any data breaches related to remote exam recordings, and that access to the video is strictly controlled. Cleveland State University has not yet responded to NPR's request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The definition of a \"search\" is in question\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The university contested the fact that remote virtual room scans constituted \"searches.\" It argued that the scan was a regulatory process unrelated to criminality, with a goal of exam integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scan of Ogletree's room lasted no more than a minute, and as little as 10 seconds. The defense argued, according to court documents, that the scan was \"brief, only revealed items in plain view, and the student controlled the inspection to the extent that the student chose where in the house to take the exam and where in the room to direct the camera.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiff was free to object to the scan, the defense added. A student who refused to perform the exam could still take the test, the school argued, even if opting out meant getting no credit for the exam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge didn't agree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Rooms scans go where people otherwise would not, at least not without a warrant or an invitation. Nor does it follow that room scans are not searches because the technology is 'in general public use,'\" Judge Calabrese said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Scanning+students%27+rooms+during+remote+tests+is+unconstitutional%2C+judge+rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/59789/scanning-students-rooms-during-remote-tests-is-unconstitutional-judge-rules","authors":["byline_mindshift_59789"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_739","mindshift_117","mindshift_21475"],"featImg":"mindshift_59790","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_59560":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_59560","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"59560","score":null,"sort":[1658216441000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-do-you-stop-cheating-students-hint-tech-isnt-the-only-answer","title":"How do you stop cheating students? (Hint: tech isn’t the only answer)","publishDate":1658216441,"format":"audio","headTitle":"How do you stop cheating students? (Hint: tech isn’t the only answer) | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":21847,"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem>This article was updated on August 30 to include more information about a recent court ruling related to virtual proctoring. \u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amaya Ross encountered artificial intelligence (AI) proctoring this year when she tried to take her biology quiz online in her dorm room at Ohio State University. Despite repeated attempts, the software could not detect her face, so it would not let her start taking the test, which was stressful. So she started to do some troubleshooting, like getting closer to the screen, moving around her room and standing up on a table to put her face under the overhead light attached to the ceiling. None of that worked. Finally, she grabbed a flashlight to shine on her face. “And it ended up working,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In person, a teacher could check Ross’s identification or monitor wandering students’ eyes during a test. But as so much learning goes online, there’s also been a growth in virtual test proctoring. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Virtual proctoring isn’t new – students have had lockdown browsers so they can’t go to other tabs while taking a test or have been supervised by human proctors who can watch students through webcams. But in the wake of the pandemic, AI proctoring has found a home in colleges, high schools, and even elementary schools, with some virtual proctoring companies \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/10/us/online-testing-cheating-universities-coronavirus.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">growing as much as 900%\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. AI proctoring systems may scan a student’s face, ask for a 360-degree view of their workspace, and track keystrokes or mouse movement. The data is used to flag irregularities, such as unusual eye movement, additional people in the test space, navigation to another browser and talking. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But there are many problems with this approach. Virtual proctoring invites privacy and security concerns that don’t come into play when a teacher monitors a test in-person. For instance, the inside of one’s home is visible and recorded; the program can identify who else is there, and their scanned faces may enter a database. In January, a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.rtlnieuws.nl/nieuws/nederland/artikel/5273869/studenten-nederland-proctorio-hacken-plugin-uva\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">proctoring service was hacked, giving hackers access to students’ web history and their webcams\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“There’s all these ways that the scope and scale of these things is magnified by using these technologies,” said Chris Gilliard, a fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School Shorenstein Center. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Since light was a factor, Ross had a feeling that the AI proctoring program was racially biased. After all, her light-skinned classmates didn’t seem to have any issues taking their test. Ross is Black. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">These kinds of problems are well documented in AI and they \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/15/technology/artificial-intelligence-google-bias.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">stem from the lack of diversity in who creates the software\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The outcome is often racist. Recent examples of AI discrimination include incidents from \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/qj4abv/palantir-says-faulty-ai-and-privacy-regulation-are-a-risk-to-the-company\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Palantir\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://theintercept.com/2018/09/06/nypd-surveillance-camera-skin-tone-search/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">IBM\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/2021/09/03/bias-persists-in-face-detection-systems-from-amazon-microsoft-and-google/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Microsoft, Google and Amazon\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n\u003cp lang=\"zxx\" dir=\"ltr\">\u003ca href=\"https://t.co/BELU35m6Bg\">pic.twitter.com/BELU35m6Bg\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Janice Wyatt-Ross, EdD (@JaniceWyattRoss) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JaniceWyattRoss/status/1375439448582856711?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 26, 2021\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While corporations may prioritize business interests over the harmful consequences AI can have on the broader population, schools are different. Children are still developing and discriminatory ed tech can cause lasting damage as young people grapple with their place and purpose in the world. Despite racial bias and ableism claims leveled against popular AI proctoring systems like \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/06/long-overdue-reckoning-online-proctoring-companies-may-finally-be-here\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ExamSoft, ProctorU, and Proctorio\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://er.educause.edu/articles/2021/2/proctoring-software-in-higher-ed-prevalence-and-patterns#:~:text=A%20November%202020%20Washington%20Post,had%20been%20using%20proctoring%20software.&text=The%20proctoring%20company%20Examity%20indicates,works%20with%20over%201%2C000%20institutions.\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">many colleges\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> continue to use proctoring software to administer millions of tests. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This raises questions about what’s acceptable by education decision makers and who is served by AI proctoring services. When remote learning was sudden and new, teachers who were not familiar with online proctoring felt panicked. “Test proctoring companies came along and said, ‘We have a solution to help you address some of these issues.’ And so lots of places found it easier – at least initially – to adopt those kinds of approaches,” said MIT educator \u003ca href=\"https://tsl.mit.edu/team/justin-reich/\">Justin Reich, \u003c/a>author of the book, “\u003ca href=\"https://failuretodisrupt.com/\">Failure to Disrupt: Why Technology Alone Can’t Transform Education.\u003c/a>“\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teachers have hard jobs and they have to make hard choices, and I’m sympathetic to folks who decide them,” he said. After all, teachers were also navigating uncertainty, anxiety, grief and loss as COVID-19 caused school closures and devastated communities. AI proctoring systems seemed to promise that testing could function normally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because these software programs disadvantage Black and brown students – not to mention, those who don’t have adequate internet or share space with family members and siblings – Gilliard said they have no place in schools. “There’s no acceptable level of harm when we’re talking about these kinds of systems. Even if you’re only discriminating against two percent or three percent or 10 percent of your population, that’s completely unacceptable.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>100% Test Scores \u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cheating is, however, a big problem, especially during distance learning, when teachers couldn’t walk up and down the rows of desks in the classroom. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students kept getting 100% on their tests in Julia Anker’s precalculus class when she was teaching online during COVID-19 school closures. But when she gave out a different test that required students to explain how they got their answers, the average grade on the test was significantly lower than usual. That confirmed it for her: “There was rampant cheating,” said Anker. Phones and tech tools gave students the ability to cheat in ways that would not have been possible even ten years ago. “There are \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://photomath.com/en\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">these apps\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> where they can scan the problem with their phone camera and it’ll give them the answer,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC5076798519\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Being new to teaching remotely, Anker didn’t feel like there was much she could do at the time. “I just told them, ‘You know what, if you guys are choosing to cheat, this is precalculus – you’re going to have a bad time in calculus next year,’” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Anker wasn’t alone in being unsure about how to address cheating. It has stumped teachers since long before the pandemic. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://mds.marshall.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=eft_faculty\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One out of three students\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> admit to cheating online and the same proportion of students admit to cheating in-person. Many educators feel that if cheating is allowed to go unchecked, it puts students on an uneven playing field, cheapens assessments and, in some cases, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.hbs.edu/ris/Publication%20Files/16-137_f21f96ff-961d-4d57-a5b4-7eae7fda50c8.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">tarnishes a school’s reputation\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. To curb cheating, many schools have academic integrity policies in place. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Even with policies, some students will still take their chances with cheating; getting into college has only gotten harder, in addition to the internships and jobs a college degree is supposed to unlock. “We want there to be some kind of academic integrity and there are enormous pressures on students to be academically successful,” said Reich about why students opt to cheat. “They perceive the cost of not succeeding as high.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some teachers breathed a sigh of relief when virtual proctoring technologies became available at their schools. Sophie Morton was a live proctor for her fifth grade students in Georgia when they had to take their yearly Measure of Academic Progress (MAP) test online. She monitored her students on Zoom and required them to keep their cameras on during the test. She also used GoGuardian, which allows teachers to see students’ screens. The tool gave her access to data, such as how long students spent on each question. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ultimately, she was happy to have a way to keep her 5th grade students focused. “I was comfortable using it. I’m seeing your face, looking at your body language. I can see if you get up off the chair,” she said. Morton also emphasized the importance of having a relationship with her students before using surveillance and monitoring technologies. She had taught these same students the year before. “The behavior definitely could have been different or the results could have been different. They know who their teacher is versus if we would have gotten substitute teachers to monitor testing.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, Gilliard questions traditional testing and the proctoring services it requires because it applies a misunderstanding of how learning happens. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Learning is a very social activity,” he said. For instance, a veterinarian who encounters an animal with a rare disease they’ve never seen before might go to a message board or call up a colleague to get more information about how to treat the disease. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“In these old-fashioned or traditional ways of testing, there’s an idea that you’re a solitary person by yourself and the knowledge that you have in your head at that moment somehow represents your capabilities. If you don’t know the answer to a particular question at that time, then you’re somehow seen as lacking or deficient,” said Gilliard. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers claim tests prepare students for their future in the real world, but students don’t see the connection between high-stakes testing and holding down a real job. “You’re going to have Google and all this other stuff at your fingertips,” said Ross. “It’s not like you’re not going to have these resources. So trying to be so rigorous and say you should know this information doesn’t make sense.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Pushback from students\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the age of COVID, rising prices, climate change and polarized politics, people are rethinking the value of everything. And students are questioning how they learn. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/58274/safety-agency-connection-priorities-to-help-students-transition-back-to-school\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">During distance learning, people craved\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> connection, but some students say AI proctoring has frayed the relationship between teachers and learners. While the full picture of the pandemic’s \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edweek.org/technology/extreme-chronic-absenteeism-pandemic-school-attendance-data-is-bleak-but-incomplete/2021/07\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">effects on student engagement is incomplete\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, many schools report that \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edweek.org/leadership/how-bad-is-student-absenteeism-right-now-educators-tell-us/2022/01\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">significantly more kids are chronically absent\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students have been pushing back against these technologies being a part of their learning experience, with \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/09/students-are-pushing-back-against-proctoring-surveillance-apps\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">petitions springing up in dozens of states across this country\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. An Ohio State University student sued his school for scanning his room before he took an online test. He claimed that it violated his Fourth Amendment right against “unreasonable search and seizure.” A federal judge ruled in the student’s favor deciding in a first-of-its-kind case that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59560/how-do-you-stop-cheating-students-hint-tech-isnt-the-only-answer\">room scans violate students’ constitutional rights\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Zoe Harwood, an intern at Oakland-based youth organization YR Media, created \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1AOVNpZN27YA4KmWgMbVrJkMESNoBApfA3-CCcw9DFx0/edit\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Surveillance U\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to highlight students’ experiences with proctoring software. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I want to make people more aware of [AI] proctoring and try to protect the little bit of privacy we have. Granted, we live in a day and age where – let’s face it – I don’t even know what privacy means,” said Harwood. “I have grown up my entire life with Google and Apple and Facebook and Instagram and all the major tech companies mining me for every single bit of data I have.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Surveillance U, students shared that virtual proctoring feels invasive and adds more anxiety to already stressful circumstances. Additionally, many students spoke about racial bias, telling stories similar to Ross’s about having to stand on tables to get enough light for their faces to be detected. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“There’s this misperception that AI is colorblind when study after study, after study showed that is just not true. And the last thing I think we want to do is automate racism,” said Harwood. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gilliard urges educators to discuss data and security with students instead of leveraging these technologies to exploit students further.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “They’ve grown up using a lot of these technologies, but they’ve also grown up under the microscope of these technologies,” said Gilliard. Even video monitors, at one time used to make sure babies are sleeping through the night, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://parenting.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/thanks-to-video-monitors-parents-are-the-new-big-brother/?referringSource=articleShare\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">have become increasingly widespread and used past the baby stage\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. As a result, kids are becoming used to less privacy and possibly more prone to narcissism. “Some of them don’t know, for instance, that there existed a way of being on the web in the before times when every single action that you did wasn’t tracked,” said Gilliard. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Given the near future of AI proctoring, students have reason for concern. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As school buildings reopened and students are no longer learning from home, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101886864/as-more-schools-surveil-students-online-privacy-concerns-intensify\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">these surveillance tools don’t seem to be going anywhere any time soon\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The ability to take a test at home remains appealing to those who don’t want to commute to a testing facility; even the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59002/for-those-who-need-to-take-the-sat-testing-will-shift-to-online-starting-2024-in-u-s\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">SATs will be offered online starting 2024 in the U.S.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Schools may not know it, but they play a meaningful role in teaching students privacy and data practices. Reich does an exercise with his MIT students in which he asks them to list all the data they think their school has on them. “People start with the obvious like, ‘They know my age. They know my grades,’” he said. “And then they’re like, ‘I need to have this smartphone app to use the laundry.’” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">School-related apps, campus WiFi and even a keycard used to scan into buildings provide schools with all kinds of information about a student’s movement and online activity.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We’ve got to think really carefully as educators [about] what kind of world we want to model and invite young people to be in,” said Reich.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before inviting a new technology into a school, Reich suggests school leaders do a deep dive into what these systems say they offer. “Find out what kind of research there is about them and whether or not the lofty claims that they often make have any bearing in truth and to what extent these companies are engaged in a level of hype that promises things that they can’t deliver.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Though many proctoring companies say they reduce cheating, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/06/long-overdue-reckoning-online-proctoring-companies-may-finally-be-here\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">there has been no independent research that supports this claim.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Reich also encourages schools to ask themselves a simple question: “Will this new technology make students feel like it’s okay to be surveilled?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>How to makes a class “cheat-proof”\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers are finding a way to make tests totally cheat-proof, and it turns out, what they’re doing is really just good teaching. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In her role as distance education coordinator, Maritez Apigo was approached by students who said they don’t want to be required to use virtual proctoring services. She worked with a team of instructional designers and accessibility specialists to draft guidelines for online testing. They focused on accessibility and equity and ended up with \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gl-9sCB6LePMYS9kIsrpeWuGHcG1gVu_Ic0iOa6kY3w/edit\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a guidance memo that shows ways to break away from Scantron tests and virtual proctoring\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The majority of educators voted to adopt the guidelines, which lay out the equity concerns with AI proctoring and ways for educators to do “authentic assessment,” which reduces the need for proctoring services. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It takes a lot of time to create tests in general and it’s even more time-consuming to create assessments that are “cheat-proof.” “It actually requires more work to grade, especially if you’re giving feedback to students,” said Apigo. “But you do get to be more creative in your assessment.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a biology class, instead of having a 100-question multiple choice test where students have to regurgitate information that they’ve memorized, an authentic assessment method may require students to instead create a brochure that might be found in a doctor’s office on a topic they studied. Alternatively, teachers can provide students with a list of topics and students can choose one to create a final project around. Students are able to demonstrate what they’ve learned while eliminating the ability to cheat because there is not one right answer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“You need to set up your class keeping cheating already in mind, so it’s already part of your design. [Then] the types of assessments that you give your students are already designed so that students can’t cheat,” said Apigo.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers who use authentic assessment are on the cutting edge right now, but they are few. Switching over to new assessment practices while teachers are facing increased student behavioral issues and burnout might feel impossible. Certainly, AI and Scantron tests are way easier, but if schools are tasked with providing meaningful learning experiences, caring for students’ mental health and helping young people see their place in a world without “automated racism,” isn’t it worth the effort?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"These teaching strategies prevent cheating and ensure academic integrity without relying on harmful tech services that claim to detect cheaters. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700528909,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":50,"wordCount":2837},"headData":{"title":"How do you stop cheating students? (Hint: tech isn’t the only answer) | KQED","description":"These teaching strategies prevent cheating and ensure academic integrity without relying on harmful tech services that claim to detect cheaters.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"These teaching strategies prevent cheating and ensure academic integrity without relying on harmful tech services that claim to detect cheaters.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How do you stop cheating students? (Hint: tech isn’t the only answer)","datePublished":"2022-07-19T07:40:41.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-21T01:08:29.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC5076798519.mp3?updated=1658183104","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/59560/how-do-you-stop-cheating-students-hint-tech-isnt-the-only-answer","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem>This article was updated on August 30 to include more information about a recent court ruling related to virtual proctoring. \u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amaya Ross encountered artificial intelligence (AI) proctoring this year when she tried to take her biology quiz online in her dorm room at Ohio State University. Despite repeated attempts, the software could not detect her face, so it would not let her start taking the test, which was stressful. So she started to do some troubleshooting, like getting closer to the screen, moving around her room and standing up on a table to put her face under the overhead light attached to the ceiling. None of that worked. Finally, she grabbed a flashlight to shine on her face. “And it ended up working,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In person, a teacher could check Ross’s identification or monitor wandering students’ eyes during a test. But as so much learning goes online, there’s also been a growth in virtual test proctoring. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Virtual proctoring isn’t new – students have had lockdown browsers so they can’t go to other tabs while taking a test or have been supervised by human proctors who can watch students through webcams. But in the wake of the pandemic, AI proctoring has found a home in colleges, high schools, and even elementary schools, with some virtual proctoring companies \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/10/us/online-testing-cheating-universities-coronavirus.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">growing as much as 900%\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. AI proctoring systems may scan a student’s face, ask for a 360-degree view of their workspace, and track keystrokes or mouse movement. The data is used to flag irregularities, such as unusual eye movement, additional people in the test space, navigation to another browser and talking. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But there are many problems with this approach. Virtual proctoring invites privacy and security concerns that don’t come into play when a teacher monitors a test in-person. For instance, the inside of one’s home is visible and recorded; the program can identify who else is there, and their scanned faces may enter a database. In January, a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.rtlnieuws.nl/nieuws/nederland/artikel/5273869/studenten-nederland-proctorio-hacken-plugin-uva\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">proctoring service was hacked, giving hackers access to students’ web history and their webcams\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“There’s all these ways that the scope and scale of these things is magnified by using these technologies,” said Chris Gilliard, a fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School Shorenstein Center. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Since light was a factor, Ross had a feeling that the AI proctoring program was racially biased. After all, her light-skinned classmates didn’t seem to have any issues taking their test. Ross is Black. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">These kinds of problems are well documented in AI and they \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/15/technology/artificial-intelligence-google-bias.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">stem from the lack of diversity in who creates the software\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The outcome is often racist. Recent examples of AI discrimination include incidents from \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/qj4abv/palantir-says-faulty-ai-and-privacy-regulation-are-a-risk-to-the-company\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Palantir\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://theintercept.com/2018/09/06/nypd-surveillance-camera-skin-tone-search/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">IBM\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/2021/09/03/bias-persists-in-face-detection-systems-from-amazon-microsoft-and-google/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Microsoft, Google and Amazon\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n\u003cp lang=\"zxx\" dir=\"ltr\">\u003ca href=\"https://t.co/BELU35m6Bg\">pic.twitter.com/BELU35m6Bg\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Janice Wyatt-Ross, EdD (@JaniceWyattRoss) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JaniceWyattRoss/status/1375439448582856711?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 26, 2021\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While corporations may prioritize business interests over the harmful consequences AI can have on the broader population, schools are different. Children are still developing and discriminatory ed tech can cause lasting damage as young people grapple with their place and purpose in the world. Despite racial bias and ableism claims leveled against popular AI proctoring systems like \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/06/long-overdue-reckoning-online-proctoring-companies-may-finally-be-here\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ExamSoft, ProctorU, and Proctorio\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://er.educause.edu/articles/2021/2/proctoring-software-in-higher-ed-prevalence-and-patterns#:~:text=A%20November%202020%20Washington%20Post,had%20been%20using%20proctoring%20software.&text=The%20proctoring%20company%20Examity%20indicates,works%20with%20over%201%2C000%20institutions.\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">many colleges\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> continue to use proctoring software to administer millions of tests. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This raises questions about what’s acceptable by education decision makers and who is served by AI proctoring services. When remote learning was sudden and new, teachers who were not familiar with online proctoring felt panicked. “Test proctoring companies came along and said, ‘We have a solution to help you address some of these issues.’ And so lots of places found it easier – at least initially – to adopt those kinds of approaches,” said MIT educator \u003ca href=\"https://tsl.mit.edu/team/justin-reich/\">Justin Reich, \u003c/a>author of the book, “\u003ca href=\"https://failuretodisrupt.com/\">Failure to Disrupt: Why Technology Alone Can’t Transform Education.\u003c/a>“\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teachers have hard jobs and they have to make hard choices, and I’m sympathetic to folks who decide them,” he said. After all, teachers were also navigating uncertainty, anxiety, grief and loss as COVID-19 caused school closures and devastated communities. AI proctoring systems seemed to promise that testing could function normally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because these software programs disadvantage Black and brown students – not to mention, those who don’t have adequate internet or share space with family members and siblings – Gilliard said they have no place in schools. “There’s no acceptable level of harm when we’re talking about these kinds of systems. Even if you’re only discriminating against two percent or three percent or 10 percent of your population, that’s completely unacceptable.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>100% Test Scores \u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cheating is, however, a big problem, especially during distance learning, when teachers couldn’t walk up and down the rows of desks in the classroom. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students kept getting 100% on their tests in Julia Anker’s precalculus class when she was teaching online during COVID-19 school closures. But when she gave out a different test that required students to explain how they got their answers, the average grade on the test was significantly lower than usual. That confirmed it for her: “There was rampant cheating,” said Anker. Phones and tech tools gave students the ability to cheat in ways that would not have been possible even ten years ago. “There are \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://photomath.com/en\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">these apps\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> where they can scan the problem with their phone camera and it’ll give them the answer,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC5076798519\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Being new to teaching remotely, Anker didn’t feel like there was much she could do at the time. “I just told them, ‘You know what, if you guys are choosing to cheat, this is precalculus – you’re going to have a bad time in calculus next year,’” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Anker wasn’t alone in being unsure about how to address cheating. It has stumped teachers since long before the pandemic. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://mds.marshall.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=eft_faculty\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One out of three students\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> admit to cheating online and the same proportion of students admit to cheating in-person. Many educators feel that if cheating is allowed to go unchecked, it puts students on an uneven playing field, cheapens assessments and, in some cases, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.hbs.edu/ris/Publication%20Files/16-137_f21f96ff-961d-4d57-a5b4-7eae7fda50c8.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">tarnishes a school’s reputation\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. To curb cheating, many schools have academic integrity policies in place. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Even with policies, some students will still take their chances with cheating; getting into college has only gotten harder, in addition to the internships and jobs a college degree is supposed to unlock. “We want there to be some kind of academic integrity and there are enormous pressures on students to be academically successful,” said Reich about why students opt to cheat. “They perceive the cost of not succeeding as high.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some teachers breathed a sigh of relief when virtual proctoring technologies became available at their schools. Sophie Morton was a live proctor for her fifth grade students in Georgia when they had to take their yearly Measure of Academic Progress (MAP) test online. She monitored her students on Zoom and required them to keep their cameras on during the test. She also used GoGuardian, which allows teachers to see students’ screens. The tool gave her access to data, such as how long students spent on each question. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ultimately, she was happy to have a way to keep her 5th grade students focused. “I was comfortable using it. I’m seeing your face, looking at your body language. I can see if you get up off the chair,” she said. Morton also emphasized the importance of having a relationship with her students before using surveillance and monitoring technologies. She had taught these same students the year before. “The behavior definitely could have been different or the results could have been different. They know who their teacher is versus if we would have gotten substitute teachers to monitor testing.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, Gilliard questions traditional testing and the proctoring services it requires because it applies a misunderstanding of how learning happens. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Learning is a very social activity,” he said. For instance, a veterinarian who encounters an animal with a rare disease they’ve never seen before might go to a message board or call up a colleague to get more information about how to treat the disease. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“In these old-fashioned or traditional ways of testing, there’s an idea that you’re a solitary person by yourself and the knowledge that you have in your head at that moment somehow represents your capabilities. If you don’t know the answer to a particular question at that time, then you’re somehow seen as lacking or deficient,” said Gilliard. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers claim tests prepare students for their future in the real world, but students don’t see the connection between high-stakes testing and holding down a real job. “You’re going to have Google and all this other stuff at your fingertips,” said Ross. “It’s not like you’re not going to have these resources. So trying to be so rigorous and say you should know this information doesn’t make sense.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Pushback from students\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the age of COVID, rising prices, climate change and polarized politics, people are rethinking the value of everything. And students are questioning how they learn. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/58274/safety-agency-connection-priorities-to-help-students-transition-back-to-school\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">During distance learning, people craved\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> connection, but some students say AI proctoring has frayed the relationship between teachers and learners. While the full picture of the pandemic’s \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edweek.org/technology/extreme-chronic-absenteeism-pandemic-school-attendance-data-is-bleak-but-incomplete/2021/07\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">effects on student engagement is incomplete\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, many schools report that \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edweek.org/leadership/how-bad-is-student-absenteeism-right-now-educators-tell-us/2022/01\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">significantly more kids are chronically absent\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students have been pushing back against these technologies being a part of their learning experience, with \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/09/students-are-pushing-back-against-proctoring-surveillance-apps\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">petitions springing up in dozens of states across this country\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. An Ohio State University student sued his school for scanning his room before he took an online test. He claimed that it violated his Fourth Amendment right against “unreasonable search and seizure.” A federal judge ruled in the student’s favor deciding in a first-of-its-kind case that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59560/how-do-you-stop-cheating-students-hint-tech-isnt-the-only-answer\">room scans violate students’ constitutional rights\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Zoe Harwood, an intern at Oakland-based youth organization YR Media, created \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1AOVNpZN27YA4KmWgMbVrJkMESNoBApfA3-CCcw9DFx0/edit\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Surveillance U\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to highlight students’ experiences with proctoring software. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I want to make people more aware of [AI] proctoring and try to protect the little bit of privacy we have. Granted, we live in a day and age where – let’s face it – I don’t even know what privacy means,” said Harwood. “I have grown up my entire life with Google and Apple and Facebook and Instagram and all the major tech companies mining me for every single bit of data I have.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Surveillance U, students shared that virtual proctoring feels invasive and adds more anxiety to already stressful circumstances. Additionally, many students spoke about racial bias, telling stories similar to Ross’s about having to stand on tables to get enough light for their faces to be detected. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“There’s this misperception that AI is colorblind when study after study, after study showed that is just not true. And the last thing I think we want to do is automate racism,” said Harwood. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gilliard urges educators to discuss data and security with students instead of leveraging these technologies to exploit students further.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “They’ve grown up using a lot of these technologies, but they’ve also grown up under the microscope of these technologies,” said Gilliard. Even video monitors, at one time used to make sure babies are sleeping through the night, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://parenting.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/thanks-to-video-monitors-parents-are-the-new-big-brother/?referringSource=articleShare\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">have become increasingly widespread and used past the baby stage\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. As a result, kids are becoming used to less privacy and possibly more prone to narcissism. “Some of them don’t know, for instance, that there existed a way of being on the web in the before times when every single action that you did wasn’t tracked,” said Gilliard. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Given the near future of AI proctoring, students have reason for concern. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As school buildings reopened and students are no longer learning from home, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101886864/as-more-schools-surveil-students-online-privacy-concerns-intensify\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">these surveillance tools don’t seem to be going anywhere any time soon\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The ability to take a test at home remains appealing to those who don’t want to commute to a testing facility; even the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/59002/for-those-who-need-to-take-the-sat-testing-will-shift-to-online-starting-2024-in-u-s\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">SATs will be offered online starting 2024 in the U.S.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Schools may not know it, but they play a meaningful role in teaching students privacy and data practices. Reich does an exercise with his MIT students in which he asks them to list all the data they think their school has on them. “People start with the obvious like, ‘They know my age. They know my grades,’” he said. “And then they’re like, ‘I need to have this smartphone app to use the laundry.’” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">School-related apps, campus WiFi and even a keycard used to scan into buildings provide schools with all kinds of information about a student’s movement and online activity.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We’ve got to think really carefully as educators [about] what kind of world we want to model and invite young people to be in,” said Reich.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before inviting a new technology into a school, Reich suggests school leaders do a deep dive into what these systems say they offer. “Find out what kind of research there is about them and whether or not the lofty claims that they often make have any bearing in truth and to what extent these companies are engaged in a level of hype that promises things that they can’t deliver.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Though many proctoring companies say they reduce cheating, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/06/long-overdue-reckoning-online-proctoring-companies-may-finally-be-here\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">there has been no independent research that supports this claim.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Reich also encourages schools to ask themselves a simple question: “Will this new technology make students feel like it’s okay to be surveilled?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>How to makes a class “cheat-proof”\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers are finding a way to make tests totally cheat-proof, and it turns out, what they’re doing is really just good teaching. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In her role as distance education coordinator, Maritez Apigo was approached by students who said they don’t want to be required to use virtual proctoring services. She worked with a team of instructional designers and accessibility specialists to draft guidelines for online testing. They focused on accessibility and equity and ended up with \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gl-9sCB6LePMYS9kIsrpeWuGHcG1gVu_Ic0iOa6kY3w/edit\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a guidance memo that shows ways to break away from Scantron tests and virtual proctoring\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The majority of educators voted to adopt the guidelines, which lay out the equity concerns with AI proctoring and ways for educators to do “authentic assessment,” which reduces the need for proctoring services. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It takes a lot of time to create tests in general and it’s even more time-consuming to create assessments that are “cheat-proof.” “It actually requires more work to grade, especially if you’re giving feedback to students,” said Apigo. “But you do get to be more creative in your assessment.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a biology class, instead of having a 100-question multiple choice test where students have to regurgitate information that they’ve memorized, an authentic assessment method may require students to instead create a brochure that might be found in a doctor’s office on a topic they studied. Alternatively, teachers can provide students with a list of topics and students can choose one to create a final project around. Students are able to demonstrate what they’ve learned while eliminating the ability to cheat because there is not one right answer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“You need to set up your class keeping cheating already in mind, so it’s already part of your design. [Then] the types of assessments that you give your students are already designed so that students can’t cheat,” said Apigo.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teachers who use authentic assessment are on the cutting edge right now, but they are few. Switching over to new assessment practices while teachers are facing increased student behavioral issues and burnout might feel impossible. Certainly, AI and Scantron tests are way easier, but if schools are tasked with providing meaningful learning experiences, caring for students’ mental health and helping young people see their place in a world without “automated racism,” isn’t it worth the effort?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/59560/how-do-you-stop-cheating-students-hint-tech-isnt-the-only-answer","authors":["11721"],"programs":["mindshift_21847"],"categories":["mindshift_21130","mindshift_21848","mindshift_193"],"tags":["mindshift_1023","mindshift_108","mindshift_20818","mindshift_739","mindshift_21294","mindshift_21132","mindshift_21317","mindshift_21355","mindshift_21094"],"featImg":"mindshift_59568","label":"mindshift_21847"},"mindshift_53446":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_53446","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"53446","score":null,"sort":[1554961276000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"buying-college-essays-is-now-easier-than-ever-but-buyer-beware","title":"Buying College Essays Is Now Easier Than Ever. But Buyer Beware","publishDate":1554961276,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>As the recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/08/711136472/felicity-huffman-and-12-other-parents-to-plead-guilty-in-college-cheating-scanda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">college admissions scandal\u003c/a> is shedding light on how parents are cheating and bribing their children's way into college, schools are also focusing on how some students may be cheating their way through college. Concern is growing about a burgeoning online market that makes it easier than ever for students to buy essays written by others to turn in as their own work. And schools are trying new tools to catch it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not hard to understand the temptation for students. The pressure is enormous, the stakes are high and, for some, writing at a college level is a huge leap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We didn't really have a format to follow, so I was kind of lost on what to do,\" says one college freshman, who struggled recently with an English assignment. One night, when she was feeling particularly overwhelmed, she tweeted her frustration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was like, 'Someone, please help me write my essay!' \" she recalls. She ended her tweet with a crying emoji. Within a few minutes, she had a half-dozen offers of help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can write it for you,\" they tweeted back. \"Send us the prompt!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student, who asked that her name not be used for fear of repercussions at school, chose one that asked for $10 per page, and she breathed a sigh of relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For me, it was just that the work was piling up,\" she explains. \"As soon as I finish some big assignment, I get assigned more things, more homework for math, more homework for English. Some papers have to be six or 10 pages long. ... And even though I do my best to manage, the deadlines come closer and closer, and it's just ... the pressure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the cat-and-mouse game of academic cheating, students these days know that if they plagiarize, they're likely to get caught by computer programs that automatically compare essays against a massive database of other writings. So now, buying an original essay can seem like a good workaround.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Technically, I don't think it's cheating,\" the student says. \"Because you're paying someone to write an essay, which they don't plagiarize, and they write everything on their own.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her logic, of course, ignores the question of whether \u003cem>she's\u003c/em> plagiarizing. When pressed, she begins to stammer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's just a difficult question to answer,\" she says. \"I don't know how to feel about that. It's kind of like a gray area. It's maybe on the edge, kind of?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides she adds, she probably won't use all of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other students justify essay buying as the only way to keep up. They figure that everyone is doing it one way or another — whether they're purchasing help online or getting it from family or friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Oh yeah, collaboration at its finest,\" cracks Boston University freshman Grace Saathoff. While she says she would never do it herself, she's not really fazed by others doing it. She agrees with her friends that it has pretty much become socially acceptable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have a friend who writes essays and sells them,\" says Danielle Delafuente, another Boston University freshman. \"And my other friend buys them. He's just like, 'I can't handle it. I have five papers at once. I need her to do two of them, and I'll do the other three.' It's a time management thing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The war on contract cheating\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It breaks my heart that this is where we're at,\" sighs Ashley Finley, senior adviser to the president for the Association of American Colleges and Universities. She says campuses are abuzz about how to curb the rise in what they call contract cheating. Obviously, students buying essays is not new, but Finley says that what used to be mostly limited to small-scale side hustles has mushroomed on the internet to become a global industry of so-called essay mills. Hard numbers are difficult to come by, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2018.00067/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research suggests\u003c/a> that up to 16 percent of students have paid someone to do their work and that the number is rising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Definitely, this is really getting more and more serious,\" Finley says. \"It's part of the brave new world for sure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The essay mills market aggressively online, with slickly produced videos inviting students to \"Get instant help with your assignment\" and imploring them: \"Don't lag behind,\" \"Join the majority\" and \"Don't worry, be happy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're very crafty,\" says Tricia Bertram Gallant, director of the Academic Integrity Office at the University of California in San Diego and a board member of the International Center for Academic Integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies are equally brazen offline — leafleting on campuses, posting flyers in toilet stalls and flying banners over Florida beaches during spring break. Companies have also been known to bait students with emails that look like they're from official college help centers. And they pay social media influencers to sing the praises of their services, and they post testimonials from people they say are happy customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hired a service to write my paper and I got a 90 on it!\" gloats one. \"Save your time, and have extra time to party!\" advises another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very much a seduction,\" says Bertram Gallant. \"So you can maybe see why students could get drawn into the contract cheating world.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>YouTube has been cracking down on essay mills; it says it has pulled thousands of videos that violate its policies against promoting dishonest behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But new videos constantly pop up, and their hard sell flies in the face of their small-print warnings that their essays should be used only as a guide, not a final product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several essay mills declined or didn't respond to requests to be interviewed by NPR. But one answered questions by email and offered up one of its writers to explain her role in the company, called EduBirdie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, just like the little birdie that's there to help you in your education,\" explains April Short, a former grade school teacher from Australia who's now based in Philadelphia. She has been writing for a year and a half for the company, which bills itself as a \"professional essay writing service for students who can't even.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some students just want some \"foundational research\" to get started or a little \"polish\" to finish up, Short says. But the idea that many others may be taking a paper written completely by her and turning it in as their own doesn't keep her up at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These kids are so time poor,\" she says, and they're \"missing out on opportunities of travel and internships because they're studying and writing papers.\" Relieving students of some of that burden, she figures, allows them to become more \"well-rounded.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't necessarily think that being able to create an essay is going to be a defining factor in a very long career, so it's not something that bothers me,\" says Short. Indeed, she thinks students who hire writers are demonstrating resourcefulness and creativity. \"I actually applaud students that look for options to get the job done and get it done well,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This just shows you the extent of our ability to rationalize all kinds of bad things we do,\" sighs Dan Ariely, professor of psychology and behavioral economics at Duke University. The rise in contract cheating is especially worrisome, he says, because when it comes to dishonest behavior, more begets more. As he puts it, it's not just about \"a few bad apples.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Instead, what we have is a lot ... of blemished apples, and we take our cues for our behavior from the social world around us,\" he says. \"We know officially what is right and what's wrong. But really what's driving our behavior is what we see others around us doing\" or, Ariely adds, what we perceive them to be doing. So even the proliferation of advertising for essays mills can have a pernicious effect, he says, by fueling the perception that \"everyone's doing it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few nations have recently proposed or passed laws outlawing essay mills, and more than a dozen U.S. states have laws on the books against them. But prosecuting essay mills, which are often based overseas in Pakistan, Kenya and Ukraine, for example, is complicated. And most educators are loath to criminalize students' behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, they're serious mistakes. They're egregious mistakes,\" says Cath Ellis, an associate dean and integrity officer at the University of New South Wales, where students were among the hundreds alleged to have bought essays in a massive scandal in Australia in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But we're educational institutions,\" she adds. \"We've got to give students the opportunity to learn from these mistakes. That's our responsibility. And that's better in our hands than in the hands of the police and the courts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Staying one step ahead\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the war on contract cheating, some schools see new technology as their best weapon and their best shot to stay one step ahead of unscrupulous students. The company that makes the Turnitin plagiarism detection software has just upped its game with a new program called Authorship Investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The software first inspects a document's metadata, like when it was created, by whom it was created and how many times it was reopened and re-edited. Turnitin's vice president for product management, Bill Loller, says sometimes it's as simple as looking at the document's name. Essay mills typically name their documents something like \"Order Number 123,\" and students have been known to actually submit it that way. \"You would be amazed at how frequently that happens,\" says Loller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using cutting-edge linguistic forensics, the software also evaluates the level of writing and its style.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Think of it as a writing fingerprint,\" Loller says. The software looks at hundreds of telltale characteristics of an essay, like whether the author double spaces after a period or writes with Oxford commas or semicolons. It all gets instantly compared against a student's other work, and, Loller says, suspicions can be confirmed — or alleviated — in minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the end of the day, you get to a really good determination on whether the student wrote what they submitted or not,\" he says, \"and you get it really quickly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coventry University in the U.K. has been testing out a beta version of the software, and Irene Glendinning, the school's academic manager for student experience, agrees that the software has the potential to give schools a leg up on cheating students. After the software is officially adopted, \"we'll see a spike in the number of cases we find, and we'll have a very hard few years,\" she says. \"But then the message will get through to students that we've got the tools now to find these things out.\" Then, Glendinning hopes, students might consider contract cheating to be as risky as plagiarizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, schools are trying to spread the word that buying essays is risky in other ways as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Ariely says that when he posed as a student and ordered papers from several companies, much of it was \"gibberish\" and about a third of it was actually plagiarized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even worse, when he complained to the company and demanded his money back, they resorted to blackmail. Still believing him to be a student, the company threatened to tell his school he was cheating. Others say companies have also attempted to shake down students for more money, threatening to rat them out if they didn't pay up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lesson, Ariely says, is \"buyer beware.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But ultimately, experts say, many desperate students may not be deterred by the risks — whether from shady businesses or from new technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bertram Gallant, of UC San Diego, says the right way to dissuade students from buying essays is to remind them why it's wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we engage in a technological arms race with the students, we won't win,\" she says. \"What are we going to do when Google glasses start to look like regular glasses and a student wears them into an exam? Are we going to tell them they can't wear their glasses because we're afraid they might be sending the exam out to someone else who is sending them back the answers?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solution, Bertram Gallant says, has to be about \"creating a culture where integrity and ethics matter\" and where education is valued more than grades. Only then will students believe that cheating on essays is only cheating themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Buying+College+Essays+Is+Now+Easier+Than+Ever.+But+Buyer+Beware+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"What was once limited to small-scale side hustles has mushroomed into so-called essay mills on the Internet, becoming a global industry.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1554961276,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":52,"wordCount":2131},"headData":{"title":"Buying College Essays Is Now Easier Than Ever. But Buyer Beware | KQED","description":"What was once limited to small-scale side hustles has mushroomed into so-called essay mills on the Internet, becoming a global industry.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Buying College Essays Is Now Easier Than Ever. But Buyer Beware","datePublished":"2019-04-11T05:41:16.000Z","dateModified":"2019-04-11T05:41:16.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"53446 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=53446","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2019/04/10/buying-college-essays-is-now-easier-than-ever-but-buyer-beware/","disqusTitle":"Buying College Essays Is Now Easier Than Ever. But Buyer Beware","nprImageCredit":"Angela Hsieh","nprByline":"Tovia Smith","nprImageAgency":"NPR","nprStoryId":"710985799","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=710985799&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/10/710985799/contract-cheating-colleges-crack-down-on-ghostwritten-essays?ft=nprml&f=710985799","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 10 Apr 2019 16:22:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 10 Apr 2019 05:00:53 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 10 Apr 2019 16:22:47 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2019/04/20190408_me_schools_focus_on_how_students_may_be_cheating_their_way_through_college.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=347&story=710985799&ft=nprml&f=710985799","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1711724487-46d223.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=347&story=710985799&ft=nprml&f=710985799","audioTrackLength":347,"path":"/mindshift/53446/buying-college-essays-is-now-easier-than-ever-but-buyer-beware","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2019/04/20190408_me_schools_focus_on_how_students_may_be_cheating_their_way_through_college.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=347&story=710985799&ft=nprml&f=710985799","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/08/711136472/felicity-huffman-and-12-other-parents-to-plead-guilty-in-college-cheating-scanda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">college admissions scandal\u003c/a> is shedding light on how parents are cheating and bribing their children's way into college, schools are also focusing on how some students may be cheating their way through college. Concern is growing about a burgeoning online market that makes it easier than ever for students to buy essays written by others to turn in as their own work. And schools are trying new tools to catch it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not hard to understand the temptation for students. The pressure is enormous, the stakes are high and, for some, writing at a college level is a huge leap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We didn't really have a format to follow, so I was kind of lost on what to do,\" says one college freshman, who struggled recently with an English assignment. One night, when she was feeling particularly overwhelmed, she tweeted her frustration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was like, 'Someone, please help me write my essay!' \" she recalls. She ended her tweet with a crying emoji. Within a few minutes, she had a half-dozen offers of help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can write it for you,\" they tweeted back. \"Send us the prompt!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student, who asked that her name not be used for fear of repercussions at school, chose one that asked for $10 per page, and she breathed a sigh of relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For me, it was just that the work was piling up,\" she explains. \"As soon as I finish some big assignment, I get assigned more things, more homework for math, more homework for English. Some papers have to be six or 10 pages long. ... And even though I do my best to manage, the deadlines come closer and closer, and it's just ... the pressure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the cat-and-mouse game of academic cheating, students these days know that if they plagiarize, they're likely to get caught by computer programs that automatically compare essays against a massive database of other writings. So now, buying an original essay can seem like a good workaround.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Technically, I don't think it's cheating,\" the student says. \"Because you're paying someone to write an essay, which they don't plagiarize, and they write everything on their own.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her logic, of course, ignores the question of whether \u003cem>she's\u003c/em> plagiarizing. When pressed, she begins to stammer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's just a difficult question to answer,\" she says. \"I don't know how to feel about that. It's kind of like a gray area. It's maybe on the edge, kind of?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides she adds, she probably won't use all of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other students justify essay buying as the only way to keep up. They figure that everyone is doing it one way or another — whether they're purchasing help online or getting it from family or friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Oh yeah, collaboration at its finest,\" cracks Boston University freshman Grace Saathoff. While she says she would never do it herself, she's not really fazed by others doing it. She agrees with her friends that it has pretty much become socially acceptable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have a friend who writes essays and sells them,\" says Danielle Delafuente, another Boston University freshman. \"And my other friend buys them. He's just like, 'I can't handle it. I have five papers at once. I need her to do two of them, and I'll do the other three.' It's a time management thing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The war on contract cheating\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It breaks my heart that this is where we're at,\" sighs Ashley Finley, senior adviser to the president for the Association of American Colleges and Universities. She says campuses are abuzz about how to curb the rise in what they call contract cheating. Obviously, students buying essays is not new, but Finley says that what used to be mostly limited to small-scale side hustles has mushroomed on the internet to become a global industry of so-called essay mills. Hard numbers are difficult to come by, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2018.00067/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research suggests\u003c/a> that up to 16 percent of students have paid someone to do their work and that the number is rising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Definitely, this is really getting more and more serious,\" Finley says. \"It's part of the brave new world for sure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The essay mills market aggressively online, with slickly produced videos inviting students to \"Get instant help with your assignment\" and imploring them: \"Don't lag behind,\" \"Join the majority\" and \"Don't worry, be happy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're very crafty,\" says Tricia Bertram Gallant, director of the Academic Integrity Office at the University of California in San Diego and a board member of the International Center for Academic Integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies are equally brazen offline — leafleting on campuses, posting flyers in toilet stalls and flying banners over Florida beaches during spring break. Companies have also been known to bait students with emails that look like they're from official college help centers. And they pay social media influencers to sing the praises of their services, and they post testimonials from people they say are happy customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hired a service to write my paper and I got a 90 on it!\" gloats one. \"Save your time, and have extra time to party!\" advises another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very much a seduction,\" says Bertram Gallant. \"So you can maybe see why students could get drawn into the contract cheating world.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>YouTube has been cracking down on essay mills; it says it has pulled thousands of videos that violate its policies against promoting dishonest behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But new videos constantly pop up, and their hard sell flies in the face of their small-print warnings that their essays should be used only as a guide, not a final product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several essay mills declined or didn't respond to requests to be interviewed by NPR. But one answered questions by email and offered up one of its writers to explain her role in the company, called EduBirdie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, just like the little birdie that's there to help you in your education,\" explains April Short, a former grade school teacher from Australia who's now based in Philadelphia. She has been writing for a year and a half for the company, which bills itself as a \"professional essay writing service for students who can't even.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some students just want some \"foundational research\" to get started or a little \"polish\" to finish up, Short says. But the idea that many others may be taking a paper written completely by her and turning it in as their own doesn't keep her up at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These kids are so time poor,\" she says, and they're \"missing out on opportunities of travel and internships because they're studying and writing papers.\" Relieving students of some of that burden, she figures, allows them to become more \"well-rounded.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't necessarily think that being able to create an essay is going to be a defining factor in a very long career, so it's not something that bothers me,\" says Short. Indeed, she thinks students who hire writers are demonstrating resourcefulness and creativity. \"I actually applaud students that look for options to get the job done and get it done well,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This just shows you the extent of our ability to rationalize all kinds of bad things we do,\" sighs Dan Ariely, professor of psychology and behavioral economics at Duke University. The rise in contract cheating is especially worrisome, he says, because when it comes to dishonest behavior, more begets more. As he puts it, it's not just about \"a few bad apples.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Instead, what we have is a lot ... of blemished apples, and we take our cues for our behavior from the social world around us,\" he says. \"We know officially what is right and what's wrong. But really what's driving our behavior is what we see others around us doing\" or, Ariely adds, what we perceive them to be doing. So even the proliferation of advertising for essays mills can have a pernicious effect, he says, by fueling the perception that \"everyone's doing it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few nations have recently proposed or passed laws outlawing essay mills, and more than a dozen U.S. states have laws on the books against them. But prosecuting essay mills, which are often based overseas in Pakistan, Kenya and Ukraine, for example, is complicated. And most educators are loath to criminalize students' behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, they're serious mistakes. They're egregious mistakes,\" says Cath Ellis, an associate dean and integrity officer at the University of New South Wales, where students were among the hundreds alleged to have bought essays in a massive scandal in Australia in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But we're educational institutions,\" she adds. \"We've got to give students the opportunity to learn from these mistakes. That's our responsibility. And that's better in our hands than in the hands of the police and the courts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Staying one step ahead\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the war on contract cheating, some schools see new technology as their best weapon and their best shot to stay one step ahead of unscrupulous students. The company that makes the Turnitin plagiarism detection software has just upped its game with a new program called Authorship Investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The software first inspects a document's metadata, like when it was created, by whom it was created and how many times it was reopened and re-edited. Turnitin's vice president for product management, Bill Loller, says sometimes it's as simple as looking at the document's name. Essay mills typically name their documents something like \"Order Number 123,\" and students have been known to actually submit it that way. \"You would be amazed at how frequently that happens,\" says Loller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using cutting-edge linguistic forensics, the software also evaluates the level of writing and its style.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Think of it as a writing fingerprint,\" Loller says. The software looks at hundreds of telltale characteristics of an essay, like whether the author double spaces after a period or writes with Oxford commas or semicolons. It all gets instantly compared against a student's other work, and, Loller says, suspicions can be confirmed — or alleviated — in minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the end of the day, you get to a really good determination on whether the student wrote what they submitted or not,\" he says, \"and you get it really quickly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coventry University in the U.K. has been testing out a beta version of the software, and Irene Glendinning, the school's academic manager for student experience, agrees that the software has the potential to give schools a leg up on cheating students. After the software is officially adopted, \"we'll see a spike in the number of cases we find, and we'll have a very hard few years,\" she says. \"But then the message will get through to students that we've got the tools now to find these things out.\" Then, Glendinning hopes, students might consider contract cheating to be as risky as plagiarizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, schools are trying to spread the word that buying essays is risky in other ways as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Ariely says that when he posed as a student and ordered papers from several companies, much of it was \"gibberish\" and about a third of it was actually plagiarized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even worse, when he complained to the company and demanded his money back, they resorted to blackmail. Still believing him to be a student, the company threatened to tell his school he was cheating. Others say companies have also attempted to shake down students for more money, threatening to rat them out if they didn't pay up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lesson, Ariely says, is \"buyer beware.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But ultimately, experts say, many desperate students may not be deterred by the risks — whether from shady businesses or from new technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bertram Gallant, of UC San Diego, says the right way to dissuade students from buying essays is to remind them why it's wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we engage in a technological arms race with the students, we won't win,\" she says. \"What are we going to do when Google glasses start to look like regular glasses and a student wears them into an exam? Are we going to tell them they can't wear their glasses because we're afraid they might be sending the exam out to someone else who is sending them back the answers?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solution, Bertram Gallant says, has to be about \"creating a culture where integrity and ethics matter\" and where education is valued more than grades. Only then will students believe that cheating on essays is only cheating themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Buying+College+Essays+Is+Now+Easier+Than+Ever.+But+Buyer+Beware+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/53446/buying-college-essays-is-now-easier-than-ever-but-buyer-beware","authors":["byline_mindshift_53446"],"categories":["mindshift_194"],"tags":["mindshift_739","mindshift_21261","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_68"],"featImg":"mindshift_53447","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_48033":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_48033","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"48033","score":null,"sort":[1492780214000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"four-digital-tools-to-help-students-practice-integrity","title":"4 Digital Tools That Help Students Practice Integrity","publishDate":1492780214,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students are expected to demonstrate integrity in the classroom, but how often are they given the chance to practice modeling it? Teachers have an enormous obligation to do what’s right, and as role models they’re given that opportunity each day. But in order to achieve a student-centered environment, kids need to be encouraged to showcase who they are and what they value. Practicing these skills is necessary so that students' actions will be consistent with their beliefs and they'll then be able to listen to the feelings and concerns of others without judgment.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With digital technology amplifying social interaction and expression, it's more important than ever to not only inspire integrity, but also prepare students for the tough choices that lie ahead. Luckily, there are ways to harness the collaboration and communication features of digital tools to keep students honest about the originality of their work, make them more accountable for their decisions, give them a place to stand up for what’s right, and let them work together to uncover the truth.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Check out these tools for ways to give students a platform to demonstrate their honesty, courage, and integrity in the classroom. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/turnitin\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-48102\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Turnitin-e1492754210871.jpg\" alt=\"Turnitin\" width=\"175\" height=\"175\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/turnitin\">Turnitin\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Encourage original work and give feedback with Turnitin, where \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">students submit writing assignments and the site detects plagiarism and improper citation. Discuss the importance of originality, giving credit to others, and the consequences of plagiarism in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2017/03/24/masconomet-principal-resigns-over-plagiarism-claims/C7eT8rZHwK0Ar81HCDOTEP/story.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">education\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2015/03/10/robin-thicke-pharrell-williams-owe-marvin-gayes-family-7-4-million-for-blurred-lines-jury-decides/?utm_term=.010e2ca1d121\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">pop culture\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Students can also give helpful but honest feedback on each other's work with Turnitin’s PeerMark feature.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/remind\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-48105\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Remind-e1492754258889.png\" alt=\"Remind\" width=\"175\" height=\"175\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/remind\">Remind\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With Remind, teachers can safely text due-date reminders for assignments right to the phones of students or parents. While this won’t necessarily mean the days of late homework are over, students will be held more accountable for their choices. Students can demonstrate their integrity by owning up to missed deadlines and using the two-way messaging service to give real explanations for why work is late.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/app/stopt\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-48103\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt.jpg\" alt=\"Stop!t\" width=\"175\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt.jpg 175w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 175px) 100vw, 175px\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/app/stopt\">Stop!t\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This reporting tool allows students to take action against bullying by easily texting information or sharing a picture or video. Since reporting is anonymous, students are encouraged to “do the right thing” without fear of a backlash. Educators can develop and demonstrate guidelines that show students when and why they should report bullying and how showing integrity sometimes means making tough decisions.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/nowcomment\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-48104\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/NowComment-e1492754311184.jpg\" alt=\"NowComment\" width=\"175\" height=\"175\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/nowcomment\">NowComment\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>NowComment is an online platform that helps groups of students mark up and have conversations about texts, websites, videos, and more. Students can upload and annotate online media to determine if it’s satire, propaganda, or downright false. Working together as fact-finding detectives, students can talk about how harmful misleading information can be and how they can work together to promote the truth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article’s content is an extension of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/blog/we-all-teach-sel-inspiring-activities-for-every-classroom\">We All Teach SEL\u003c/a> blog series from Common Sense Education. Check it out for a complete look at social and emotional learning in the classroom.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Digital tools can help give students a platform to demonstrate their honesty, courage, and integrity in the classroom on a regular basis. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1492780303,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":508},"headData":{"title":"4 Digital Tools That Help Students Practice Integrity | KQED","description":"Digital tools can help give students a platform to demonstrate their honesty, courage, and integrity in the classroom on a regular basis. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"4 Digital Tools That Help Students Practice Integrity","datePublished":"2017-04-21T13:10:14.000Z","dateModified":"2017-04-21T13:11:43.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"48033 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=48033","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2017/04/21/four-digital-tools-to-help-students-practice-integrity/","disqusTitle":"4 Digital Tools That Help Students Practice Integrity","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/users/danny-wagner\">Danny Wagner, Common Sense Education\u003c/a>","path":"/mindshift/48033/four-digital-tools-to-help-students-practice-integrity","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students are expected to demonstrate integrity in the classroom, but how often are they given the chance to practice modeling it? Teachers have an enormous obligation to do what’s right, and as role models they’re given that opportunity each day. But in order to achieve a student-centered environment, kids need to be encouraged to showcase who they are and what they value. Practicing these skills is necessary so that students' actions will be consistent with their beliefs and they'll then be able to listen to the feelings and concerns of others without judgment.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With digital technology amplifying social interaction and expression, it's more important than ever to not only inspire integrity, but also prepare students for the tough choices that lie ahead. Luckily, there are ways to harness the collaboration and communication features of digital tools to keep students honest about the originality of their work, make them more accountable for their decisions, give them a place to stand up for what’s right, and let them work together to uncover the truth.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Check out these tools for ways to give students a platform to demonstrate their honesty, courage, and integrity in the classroom. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/turnitin\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-48102\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Turnitin-e1492754210871.jpg\" alt=\"Turnitin\" width=\"175\" height=\"175\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/turnitin\">Turnitin\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Encourage original work and give feedback with Turnitin, where \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">students submit writing assignments and the site detects plagiarism and improper citation. Discuss the importance of originality, giving credit to others, and the consequences of plagiarism in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2017/03/24/masconomet-principal-resigns-over-plagiarism-claims/C7eT8rZHwK0Ar81HCDOTEP/story.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">education\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2015/03/10/robin-thicke-pharrell-williams-owe-marvin-gayes-family-7-4-million-for-blurred-lines-jury-decides/?utm_term=.010e2ca1d121\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">pop culture\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Students can also give helpful but honest feedback on each other's work with Turnitin’s PeerMark feature.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/remind\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-48105\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Remind-e1492754258889.png\" alt=\"Remind\" width=\"175\" height=\"175\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/remind\">Remind\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With Remind, teachers can safely text due-date reminders for assignments right to the phones of students or parents. While this won’t necessarily mean the days of late homework are over, students will be held more accountable for their choices. Students can demonstrate their integrity by owning up to missed deadlines and using the two-way messaging service to give real explanations for why work is late.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/app/stopt\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-48103\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt.jpg\" alt=\"Stop!t\" width=\"175\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt.jpg 175w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Stopt-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 175px) 100vw, 175px\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/app/stopt\">Stop!t\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This reporting tool allows students to take action against bullying by easily texting information or sharing a picture or video. Since reporting is anonymous, students are encouraged to “do the right thing” without fear of a backlash. Educators can develop and demonstrate guidelines that show students when and why they should report bullying and how showing integrity sometimes means making tough decisions.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/nowcomment\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-48104\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/NowComment-e1492754311184.jpg\" alt=\"NowComment\" width=\"175\" height=\"175\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/website/nowcomment\">NowComment\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>NowComment is an online platform that helps groups of students mark up and have conversations about texts, websites, videos, and more. Students can upload and annotate online media to determine if it’s satire, propaganda, or downright false. Working together as fact-finding detectives, students can talk about how harmful misleading information can be and how they can work together to promote the truth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article’s content is an extension of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/blog/we-all-teach-sel-inspiring-activities-for-every-classroom\">We All Teach SEL\u003c/a> blog series from Common Sense Education. Check it out for a complete look at social and emotional learning in the classroom.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/48033/four-digital-tools-to-help-students-practice-integrity","authors":["byline_mindshift_48033"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_739","mindshift_20912","mindshift_962","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040"],"featImg":"mindshift_48108","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_45085":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_45085","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"45085","score":null,"sort":[1463386489000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-educating-students-about-dishonesty-can-help-curb-cheating","title":"How Educating Students About Dishonesty Can Help Curb Cheating","publishDate":1463386489,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Jennifer Tammi teaches U.S. History to tenth graders at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ecfs.org/\">Ethical Culture Fieldston School\u003c/a> in the Bronx. A few years ago, she took on an additional role, one with a long-lasting, school-wide impact: she led a task force to study academic dishonesty and to come up with a new way of countering it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fallout from a cheating incident at school set the task force in motion. A student had been reprimanded for plagiarism, and the student's parents had rebelled at the school’s punishment. At the time, Fieldston imposed a tough three-strikes policy: the first offense resulted in an automatic zero on the assignment combined with a letter of reprimand from the dean, with progressive penalties for further offenses, and ending in expulsion. “They thought our policy was horrible,” Tammi recalls, in part because faculty applied the penalties inconsistently. Fieldston’s principal at the time wanted to explore other options for the school, and formed a committee, led by Tammi, to look for new ways to think about and address academic dishonesty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheating remains a stubborn problem at many schools. According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.glass-castle.com/clients/www-nocheating-org/adcouncil/research/cheatingfactsheet.html\">the Educational Testing Service and the Ad Council\u003c/a>, who define cheating as “representing someone else’s work as your own,” cheating tends to start in junior high, peak in high school, and occur most often in math and science classes. Men and women cheat in equal measure, both sexes aided by the ubiquity of computers and the internet, and most cheaters aren’t caught. Both high- and low-achieving students find ways to misrepresent their work, explaining away their misconduct with familiar rationalizations: everybody does it, it’s a victimless crime, and getting the grade matters more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/stories-teachers-share-mindshift/id1078765985\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-45053\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2016/04/Podcast-Square-e1463002696628.jpg\" alt=\"Podcast-Square\" width=\"250\" height=\"227\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But academic dishonesty comes in many forms, some more serious than others, a portion of it accidental or driven by systemic pressures. “The mechanisms we’re creating at the societal level create tremendous conflicts of interest, and put people in untenable situations,” said \u003ca href=\"http://danariely.com/\">Dan Ariely\u003c/a>, a Professor of Psychology and Behavioral Economics at Duke and author of several books, including \u003ca href=\"http://danariely.com/books/the-honest-truth-about-dishonesty/\">\u003cem>The (Honest) Truth About Dishonesty: How We Lie to Everyone—Especially Ourselves\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. “Imagine you’re a kid, and you have tremendous pressure from your parents to do well on the exam, and if you do well on the exam, the payoffs are amazing. You might go to a better college. Your parents will be happy for you. And so on. Can you truly overcome the urge to cut some corners?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Tammi joined the working group on academic dishonesty at Fieldston, she and the other faculty and student volunteers in the group explored similar ambiguities. “Cheating connotes the idea that something is planned, but sometimes students slip up, or they’re confused,” she said. Rules about paraphrasing and footnoting can be perplexing, for example. And what happens at home with homework, especially when tutors and even parents participate in completing it, adds further complexity. The group studied the problem for a year, assessing cheating rates at their school and considering other schools’ policies, before arriving at their solution: Fieldston would adopt a restorative justice model to handle incidents of academic dishonesty, and a new student and faculty board would oversee its execution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The working group wanted students to understand that cheating is an injury to them and to their community. “Cutting corners”—borrowing from a neighbor’s exam, passing off paragraphs from \u003ca href=\"http://www.shmoop.com/\">Shmoop\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sparknotes.com/\">Sparknotes\u003c/a> as original work—not only deprives students of learning; it also wounds the entire school body by raising teachers’ expectations of what kids understand. “Academic dishonesty doesn’t hurt teachers,” Tammi said. “It hurts students and the community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fieldston launched its Academic Integrity Board in the fall of 2015. Consisting of eight students and four adults—two elected kids from each grade, an assistant principal, learning specialist, faculty representative, and a student dean—the board’s first duty is to educate rather than punish. When an incident occurs, the body meets to hear about the case in depth. “They’re looking for intent and knowledge,” Tammi said. “They want to be thoughtful about how they respond,” she added. Depending on the offense, a student might be asked to complete an educational assignment—on the correct way to paraphrase, for example—or he might receive a zero or the board might consider other alternatives.* The names of the students who come before the board remain anonymous, but the board shares its findings with the school community, so that all students are reminded of what constitutes academic dishonesty, and what the repercussions might be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQMbDMnvxFs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When introducing the new board at the start of the school year, the school also held an assembly for all students to talk about academic integrity. A part of that presentation involved viewing clips from a recently completed documentary on the subject\u003cem>, \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://thedishonestyproject.com/\">\u003cem>(Dis)Honesty: The Truth about Lies\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, and a discussion with filmmaker Yael Melamede. Grounded in Ariely’s research, the film is a complement to Fieldston’s restorative justice model and was screened in its entirety with the Fieldston community in November. Social science findings on cheating form the backbone of the film, while personal interviews with individuals who have been caught up in lies illuminate how easy it can be to slip into dishonesty. The film educates viewers about scenarios that invite cheating and those that thwart it—something Ariely believes is part of the solution. “We put an emphasis on punishment rather than education, which is a mistake, and we don’t understand conflicts of interest,” Ariely told me. “If we understood all of those we could not eliminate dishonesty, but we could reduce it substantially,” he added. Learning about the conditions in which we’re apt to deceive ourselves and others, in other words, may be the best defense against dishonesty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ariely’s social science research involving thousands of individuals revealed that while few cheat a lot—20 of the 40,000 involved in the experiments—many more—about 28,000—cheated a little bit. Most everyone has what he calls a “personal fudge factor” that allows for just a little dishonesty, provided that the conditions are right. For example, if people see others cheating without consequence, they’re more apt to do the same; social norms permit it. If cheating seems to benefit a “good cause,” even more feel comfortable deceiving. The more distant the reward from actual money, the more likely people will cheat. On the other hand, moral reminders shrink the amount of cheating: Study subjects who were asked to recall the Ten Commandments before participating in the “test” cheated less—regardless of their memory of the commandments or religious orientation. And social norms cut both ways. If the school environment promotes honesty, and students see someone from a rival school engage in a con, they will cheat even less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The upshot for schools is clear: honor codes work, Ariely said, provided that students write them out and talk about them. Codes signed at the start of the year and tucked away in an administrator’s office will flop, however; the same holds true for one-off lectures on moral behavior. To reduce cheating, the honor codes need to be woven into the school’s culture, a recurrent nudge that honesty matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now closing in on the end of the school year, Tammi is hopeful that students at Fieldston will grow to see the new academic integrity board as educational rather than disciplinary, and will come to welcome the restorative justice philosophy that serves as its foundation. “Being academically honest helps them,” Tammi said. To say nothing of the rest of us. “Every time we cheat, we break a little bit of trust in society,” Ariely said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*An earlier version of this post mistakenly reported that students are expelled after three offenses. We regret this error. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2016/04/Podcast-Square-e1463002696628.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1078765985\">Subscribe in iTunes\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Don't miss an episode of \u003cem>Stories Teachers Share\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also available via \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/category/stories-teachers-share/feed/\">RSS\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In order to prevent cheating, schools are teaching kids why people are dishonest and applying restorative justice models to infractions. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1463431137,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":1409},"headData":{"title":"How Educating Students About Dishonesty Can Help Curb Cheating | KQED","description":"In order to prevent cheating, schools are teaching kids why people are dishonest and applying restorative justice models to infractions. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Educating Students About Dishonesty Can Help Curb Cheating","datePublished":"2016-05-16T08:14:49.000Z","dateModified":"2016-05-16T20:38:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"45085 http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=45085","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2016/05/16/how-educating-students-about-dishonesty-can-help-curb-cheating/","disqusTitle":"How Educating Students About Dishonesty Can Help Curb Cheating","path":"/mindshift/45085/how-educating-students-about-dishonesty-can-help-curb-cheating","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Jennifer Tammi teaches U.S. History to tenth graders at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ecfs.org/\">Ethical Culture Fieldston School\u003c/a> in the Bronx. A few years ago, she took on an additional role, one with a long-lasting, school-wide impact: she led a task force to study academic dishonesty and to come up with a new way of countering it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fallout from a cheating incident at school set the task force in motion. A student had been reprimanded for plagiarism, and the student's parents had rebelled at the school’s punishment. At the time, Fieldston imposed a tough three-strikes policy: the first offense resulted in an automatic zero on the assignment combined with a letter of reprimand from the dean, with progressive penalties for further offenses, and ending in expulsion. “They thought our policy was horrible,” Tammi recalls, in part because faculty applied the penalties inconsistently. Fieldston’s principal at the time wanted to explore other options for the school, and formed a committee, led by Tammi, to look for new ways to think about and address academic dishonesty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheating remains a stubborn problem at many schools. According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.glass-castle.com/clients/www-nocheating-org/adcouncil/research/cheatingfactsheet.html\">the Educational Testing Service and the Ad Council\u003c/a>, who define cheating as “representing someone else’s work as your own,” cheating tends to start in junior high, peak in high school, and occur most often in math and science classes. Men and women cheat in equal measure, both sexes aided by the ubiquity of computers and the internet, and most cheaters aren’t caught. Both high- and low-achieving students find ways to misrepresent their work, explaining away their misconduct with familiar rationalizations: everybody does it, it’s a victimless crime, and getting the grade matters more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/stories-teachers-share-mindshift/id1078765985\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-45053\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2016/04/Podcast-Square-e1463002696628.jpg\" alt=\"Podcast-Square\" width=\"250\" height=\"227\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But academic dishonesty comes in many forms, some more serious than others, a portion of it accidental or driven by systemic pressures. “The mechanisms we’re creating at the societal level create tremendous conflicts of interest, and put people in untenable situations,” said \u003ca href=\"http://danariely.com/\">Dan Ariely\u003c/a>, a Professor of Psychology and Behavioral Economics at Duke and author of several books, including \u003ca href=\"http://danariely.com/books/the-honest-truth-about-dishonesty/\">\u003cem>The (Honest) Truth About Dishonesty: How We Lie to Everyone—Especially Ourselves\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. “Imagine you’re a kid, and you have tremendous pressure from your parents to do well on the exam, and if you do well on the exam, the payoffs are amazing. You might go to a better college. Your parents will be happy for you. And so on. Can you truly overcome the urge to cut some corners?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Tammi joined the working group on academic dishonesty at Fieldston, she and the other faculty and student volunteers in the group explored similar ambiguities. “Cheating connotes the idea that something is planned, but sometimes students slip up, or they’re confused,” she said. Rules about paraphrasing and footnoting can be perplexing, for example. And what happens at home with homework, especially when tutors and even parents participate in completing it, adds further complexity. The group studied the problem for a year, assessing cheating rates at their school and considering other schools’ policies, before arriving at their solution: Fieldston would adopt a restorative justice model to handle incidents of academic dishonesty, and a new student and faculty board would oversee its execution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The working group wanted students to understand that cheating is an injury to them and to their community. “Cutting corners”—borrowing from a neighbor’s exam, passing off paragraphs from \u003ca href=\"http://www.shmoop.com/\">Shmoop\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sparknotes.com/\">Sparknotes\u003c/a> as original work—not only deprives students of learning; it also wounds the entire school body by raising teachers’ expectations of what kids understand. “Academic dishonesty doesn’t hurt teachers,” Tammi said. “It hurts students and the community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fieldston launched its Academic Integrity Board in the fall of 2015. Consisting of eight students and four adults—two elected kids from each grade, an assistant principal, learning specialist, faculty representative, and a student dean—the board’s first duty is to educate rather than punish. When an incident occurs, the body meets to hear about the case in depth. “They’re looking for intent and knowledge,” Tammi said. “They want to be thoughtful about how they respond,” she added. Depending on the offense, a student might be asked to complete an educational assignment—on the correct way to paraphrase, for example—or he might receive a zero or the board might consider other alternatives.* The names of the students who come before the board remain anonymous, but the board shares its findings with the school community, so that all students are reminded of what constitutes academic dishonesty, and what the repercussions might be.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/dQMbDMnvxFs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/dQMbDMnvxFs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>When introducing the new board at the start of the school year, the school also held an assembly for all students to talk about academic integrity. A part of that presentation involved viewing clips from a recently completed documentary on the subject\u003cem>, \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://thedishonestyproject.com/\">\u003cem>(Dis)Honesty: The Truth about Lies\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, and a discussion with filmmaker Yael Melamede. Grounded in Ariely’s research, the film is a complement to Fieldston’s restorative justice model and was screened in its entirety with the Fieldston community in November. Social science findings on cheating form the backbone of the film, while personal interviews with individuals who have been caught up in lies illuminate how easy it can be to slip into dishonesty. The film educates viewers about scenarios that invite cheating and those that thwart it—something Ariely believes is part of the solution. “We put an emphasis on punishment rather than education, which is a mistake, and we don’t understand conflicts of interest,” Ariely told me. “If we understood all of those we could not eliminate dishonesty, but we could reduce it substantially,” he added. Learning about the conditions in which we’re apt to deceive ourselves and others, in other words, may be the best defense against dishonesty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ariely’s social science research involving thousands of individuals revealed that while few cheat a lot—20 of the 40,000 involved in the experiments—many more—about 28,000—cheated a little bit. Most everyone has what he calls a “personal fudge factor” that allows for just a little dishonesty, provided that the conditions are right. For example, if people see others cheating without consequence, they’re more apt to do the same; social norms permit it. If cheating seems to benefit a “good cause,” even more feel comfortable deceiving. The more distant the reward from actual money, the more likely people will cheat. On the other hand, moral reminders shrink the amount of cheating: Study subjects who were asked to recall the Ten Commandments before participating in the “test” cheated less—regardless of their memory of the commandments or religious orientation. And social norms cut both ways. If the school environment promotes honesty, and students see someone from a rival school engage in a con, they will cheat even less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The upshot for schools is clear: honor codes work, Ariely said, provided that students write them out and talk about them. Codes signed at the start of the year and tucked away in an administrator’s office will flop, however; the same holds true for one-off lectures on moral behavior. To reduce cheating, the honor codes need to be woven into the school’s culture, a recurrent nudge that honesty matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now closing in on the end of the school year, Tammi is hopeful that students at Fieldston will grow to see the new academic integrity board as educational rather than disciplinary, and will come to welcome the restorative justice philosophy that serves as its foundation. “Being academically honest helps them,” Tammi said. To say nothing of the rest of us. “Every time we cheat, we break a little bit of trust in society,” Ariely said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*An earlier version of this post mistakenly reported that students are expelled after three offenses. We regret this error. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2016/04/Podcast-Square-e1463002696628.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1078765985\">Subscribe in iTunes\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Don't miss an episode of \u003cem>Stories Teachers Share\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also available via \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/category/stories-teachers-share/feed/\">RSS\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/45085/how-educating-students-about-dishonesty-can-help-curb-cheating","authors":["4613"],"categories":["mindshift_192","mindshift_194"],"tags":["mindshift_739","mindshift_20996","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_20793"],"featImg":"mindshift_45088","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_42685":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_42685","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"42685","score":null,"sort":[1446798717000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"online-classes-paying-someone-else-to-be-you","title":"Online Classes: Paying Someone Else to Be You","publishDate":1446798717,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>As online learning has become a bigger part of both high school and college education, paid services have sprung up to take advantage of some of the holes in distance learning, such as the challenge of verifying a student's identity. In an article in \u003ca href=\"http://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2015/11/cheating-through-online-courses/413770/\" target=\"_blank\">The Atlantic\u003c/a> about the rise of online cheating, author Derek Newton reaches out to the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.noneedtostudy.com/myclass/\" target=\"_blank\">No Need to Study\u003c/a> to find out exactly what it offers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"When I asked for more information to be absolutely sure I understood the company’s services, the reply was crystal clear: 'We offer the services of a pool of experienced academic tutors to take classes and complete course work for our clients.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>These fill-in services for students raise some interesting questions about what counts as education in the first place. In many cases, traditional education has moved online without much thought to whether that model was useful in the first place. Often there's no discussion about whether the course is even well suited to the virtual environment. If, as Newton suggests in his article, a student can spend $40,000 on this \"surrogate option\" as a way of receiving a Bachelor's degree, what is the real value of those courses in the first place? Perhaps valuing the end result or even the grades leading to the degree instead of the process is leading to a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2011/10/11/whats-behind-the-culture-of-academic-dishonesty/\" target=\"_blank\">culture of academic dishonesty\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The internet has dramatically changed education, often for the better, but universities need to continue to question the value of what they are offering. What went wrong in the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2013/12/17/a-cure-for-cheating-learning-for-learnings-sake/\" target=\"_blank\">design of the learning experience\u003c/a> that makes it so easy to cheat? And until those questions can be answered, should online learning without a professor and without any video conferencing checks be considered the same as brick and mortar college degrees?\u003cbr>\nhttp://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2015/11/cheating-through-online-courses/413770/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Rather than attacking cheating sites, perhaps educators should look at what went wrong in the educational design that makes cheating so easy.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1456263209,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":325},"headData":{"title":"Online Classes: Paying Someone Else to Be You | KQED","description":"Rather than attacking cheating sites, perhaps educators should look at what went wrong in the educational design that makes cheating so easy.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Online Classes: Paying Someone Else to Be You","datePublished":"2015-11-06T08:31:57.000Z","dateModified":"2016-02-23T21:33:29.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"42685 http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=42685","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2015/11/06/online-classes-paying-someone-else-to-be-you/","disqusTitle":"Online Classes: Paying Someone Else to Be You","path":"/mindshift/42685/online-classes-paying-someone-else-to-be-you","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As online learning has become a bigger part of both high school and college education, paid services have sprung up to take advantage of some of the holes in distance learning, such as the challenge of verifying a student's identity. In an article in \u003ca href=\"http://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2015/11/cheating-through-online-courses/413770/\" target=\"_blank\">The Atlantic\u003c/a> about the rise of online cheating, author Derek Newton reaches out to the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.noneedtostudy.com/myclass/\" target=\"_blank\">No Need to Study\u003c/a> to find out exactly what it offers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"When I asked for more information to be absolutely sure I understood the company’s services, the reply was crystal clear: 'We offer the services of a pool of experienced academic tutors to take classes and complete course work for our clients.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>These fill-in services for students raise some interesting questions about what counts as education in the first place. In many cases, traditional education has moved online without much thought to whether that model was useful in the first place. Often there's no discussion about whether the course is even well suited to the virtual environment. If, as Newton suggests in his article, a student can spend $40,000 on this \"surrogate option\" as a way of receiving a Bachelor's degree, what is the real value of those courses in the first place? Perhaps valuing the end result or even the grades leading to the degree instead of the process is leading to a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2011/10/11/whats-behind-the-culture-of-academic-dishonesty/\" target=\"_blank\">culture of academic dishonesty\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The internet has dramatically changed education, often for the better, but universities need to continue to question the value of what they are offering. What went wrong in the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2013/12/17/a-cure-for-cheating-learning-for-learnings-sake/\" target=\"_blank\">design of the learning experience\u003c/a> that makes it so easy to cheat? And until those questions can be answered, should online learning without a professor and without any video conferencing checks be considered the same as brick and mortar college degrees?\u003cbr>\nhttp://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2015/11/cheating-through-online-courses/413770/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/42685/online-classes-paying-someone-else-to-be-you","authors":["4354"],"categories":["mindshift_194"],"tags":["mindshift_739","mindshift_122"],"featImg":"mindshift_42686","label":"mindshift"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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