Magic Mushrooms May Treat Depression. But Hurdles to Psilocybin Access Abound
New UCSF Test Helps Find the Right Medication for You Using Your DNA
Inside SF's New Biosafety Lab, Where Scientists Wrangle Live Coronavirus
Bay Area Hospitals Say Remdesivir is in Short Supply
Coronavirus: Here's How to Use Gloves to Help Prevent Infection
Bay Area Hospitals: So Far, Coronavirus Cases Are Manageable. But It's Still Early
What's It Like Inside UCSF's Hospital Right Now? Doctor Tweets From the Coronavirus Frontlines
Bay Area Doctors Talk Coronavirus Risks and Prevention
UCSF Gets New Money to Study the 'Galaxies' Within You (Your Microbes)
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But Hurdles to Psilocybin Access Abound","publishDate":1686171083,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Magic Mushrooms May Treat Depression. But Hurdles to Psilocybin Access Abound | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Diamond was tripping on an August morning in Baltimore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mom and entrepreneur sat cozily under a weighted blanket at Sheppard Pratt Hospital. Little mushroom people jumped across imaginary flower petals behind her eye mask. A therapist monitored Diamond from close by, ready to serve her food and measure her \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/search?q=depression&site=all\">depression\u003c/a> symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the weeks leading up to today, clinicians had asked Diamond, “Can you remember a time when you were happy for more than a month?” No, she thought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diamond told them she’d been having what psychologists call “passive” suicidal thoughts, like, “If this car ran into me and I died, things would be OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such thoughts weren’t new for Diamond; growing up, she had been hospitalized for wanting to kill herself. Over the years, she tried many medications for her depression, including Seroquel, Prozac, Trazodone and Risperidone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of ‘dones,’ a lot of ‘ols,’” she said. Some of them helped her sleep, but left her feeling numb. She recalled thinking, “I still feel sad, so what are we doing here, antidepressants?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diamond was curious whether a clinically guided mushroom trip would help, and she enrolled in this clinical trial testing the safety and efficacy of psilocybin, the psychoactive ingredient in “magic mushrooms,” for her type of bipolar depression. KQED is only using Diamond’s first name because she uses psilocybin, which is illegal federally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1982859\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1982859\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-1020x678.jpg\" alt=\"A woman stands with her back to the camera and a shirt that says "Don't Trip Drip" and has psychedelic colored mushrooms. \" width=\"640\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Diamond wants to be an advocate for psilocybin treatments for depression. \u003ccite>(Anna Marie Yanny/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Diamond met with a therapist before and after a daylong psilocybin session, as part of the months-long trial. On her “dosing day” she grounded herself with an intention she set with her therapist earlier: self-grace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she was hallucinating, Diamond remembers feeling like someone buried her. She felt like she was losing air, light, everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was panicking,” Diamond said. “I was fearful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then she remembered that “they tell you to, if anything comes up, just go with it. I settled in and I was like, OK, so this is death.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “go-with-the-flow” mantra Diamond adopted during the trial has stuck with her to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Psilocybin faces numerous barriers moving from trial to treatment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Like Diamond, about \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression\">280 million people worldwide have depression\u003c/a>. For some, traditional medications don’t work. Researchers are studying whether psilocybin could help, and many of the \u003ca href=\"https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=Depression&term=&type=Intr&rslt=&age_v=&gndr=&intr=Psilocybin&titles=&outc=&spons=&lead=&id=&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=&locn=&rsub=&strd_s=&strd_e=&prcd_s=&prcd_e=&sfpd_s=&sfpd_e=&rfpd_s=&rfpd_e=&lupd_s=&lupd_e=&sort=\">dozens of trials have had promising results\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neuroscientist Dennis Parker Kelley helps run \u003ca href=\"https://psychedelics.ucsf.edu/#Studies\">psilocybin trials at UCSF\u003c/a>, and thinks the drug has incredible potential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More potential than we have really seen with any other pharmacological treatments in the past several decades,” Kelley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s so promising that psilocybin treatment could get Food and Drug Administration approval for stubborn forms of depression within the year. Meanwhile, San Francisco state Sen. Scott Wiener’s \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB58\">bill decriminalizing drugs like these is pressing ahead in the state Legislature\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it could be tricky for clinicians to move psilocybin into mainstream treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, psychedelic-assisted therapy can be prohibitively expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People who don’t have health insurance, this could prevent them from being able to meaningfully experience these therapies” Kelley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Psilocybin sessions typically last six to eight hours and are accompanied by a handful of therapy meetings before and after. Many people might not have time for these treatments. Plus, most studies require participants to wean off their current antidepressants before trying the treatment. This might not be necessary for all medications, and researchers like Kelley are trying to understand whether some drugs may be safe to mix with psilocybin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All told, “I don’t think people will be able to go home with psilocybin from their doctor anytime soon,” Kelley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indigenous groups in Mexico were using psilocybin long before these trials, and advocates have raised concerns about appropriation with the mushrooms. Critics have also raised concerns about power dynamics in the treatment room with psychedelics like psilocybin, and point to a documented history of sexual violation within psychedelic therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘With great hype needs to come great responsibility’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Clinicians discourage people from taking psilocybin without a therapist or trained guide. Diamond heard author Michael Pollan, who has written extensively about psychedelic research, talk about the treatments. She went looking for a trial after learning there was a lack of Black guides and clinical trial participants in psilocybin research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t see a lot of people who look like us talking about what [psilocybin has] done for us,” said Diamond, who is Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the trial, she tried to control her life by planning every minute of her day. She felt weak if she couldn’t accomplish everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, she gives herself grace if she doesn’t complete her to-do lists. Diamond wants to be an advocate for psilocybin, especially for Black people, through \u003ca href=\"https://www.diamonddripconsulting.com/about-faq\">her consulting and wellness business\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research psychologist Philip Corlett of Yale University says psychiatrists are desperate for new treatments, but the psilocybin data isn’t as miraculous as it sounds. After all, the trials have been small, and participants could be feeling a placebo effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think these are extremely promising new treatments. But I think with great hype needs to come great responsibility,” Corlett said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Psilocybin may not help everyone whom antidepressants have failed. Trials generally don’t include patients who are actively suicidal or experiencing psychosis, for fear of making it worse. In a large, phase 2 clinical trial for treatment-resistant depression conducted by the company Compass Pathways and published in \u003cem>The New England Journal of Medicine\u003c/em>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2206443\">some participants had worsening suicidal states — marked by suicidal ideation and self-injury — after taking psilocybin\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Psychiatric Association states that there is not enough evidence to support the use of psychedelics outside of clinical trials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinical psychologist Rosalind Watts was a lead for such trials at Imperial College London. After guiding patients through psilocybin treatment for years, she thinks of the drug as a catalyst for healing. But, she said, the treatment needs a “therapeutic container,” such as integration therapy or an Indigenous ceremony, to be effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it was just the drug, every time somebody went to Burning Man, they’d have their depression fixed. And that doesn’t happen,” Watts said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People need community care to move through sometimes harrowing drug experiences, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My real feeling is that psilocybin is calling us to change our models of care,” Watts said. “Because if we fit it into the existing profit-making, private health care models of clinics, it’s going to be really, really ineffective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Diamond, psilocybin was effective. After the trial, she woke up one morning, energized. She knocked out her to-do list, worked out and left early to pick up her daughter from school. Music drifted through her car speakers as she sat in the sunny school parking lot, waiting for the “school’s out” announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought to myself for the first time in forever that it would really suck to die today,” Diamond recalled, tearing up. “And that was so profound because I had never felt that way in my whole entire life.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Clinicians anticipate some key barriers as magic mushrooms move from trial studies to treatment for diseases like depression. \r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1712959118,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":38,"wordCount":1253},"headData":{"title":"Magic Mushrooms May Treat Depression. But Hurdles to Psilocybin Access Abound | KQED","description":"Clinicians anticipate some key barriers as magic mushrooms move from trial studies to treatment for diseases like depression. \r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Magic Mushrooms May Treat Depression. But Hurdles to Psilocybin Access Abound","datePublished":"2023-06-07T20:51:23.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-12T21:58:38.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Psilocybin","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-4[…]f-aaef00f5a073/5773af41-2c1e-480f-b5df-b00401106890/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Anna Marie Yanny","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1982857/magic-mushrooms-may-treat-depression-but-hurdles-to-psilocybin-access-abound","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Diamond was tripping on an August morning in Baltimore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mom and entrepreneur sat cozily under a weighted blanket at Sheppard Pratt Hospital. Little mushroom people jumped across imaginary flower petals behind her eye mask. A therapist monitored Diamond from close by, ready to serve her food and measure her \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/search?q=depression&site=all\">depression\u003c/a> symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the weeks leading up to today, clinicians had asked Diamond, “Can you remember a time when you were happy for more than a month?” No, she thought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diamond told them she’d been having what psychologists call “passive” suicidal thoughts, like, “If this car ran into me and I died, things would be OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such thoughts weren’t new for Diamond; growing up, she had been hospitalized for wanting to kill herself. Over the years, she tried many medications for her depression, including Seroquel, Prozac, Trazodone and Risperidone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of ‘dones,’ a lot of ‘ols,’” she said. Some of them helped her sleep, but left her feeling numb. She recalled thinking, “I still feel sad, so what are we doing here, antidepressants?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diamond was curious whether a clinically guided mushroom trip would help, and she enrolled in this clinical trial testing the safety and efficacy of psilocybin, the psychoactive ingredient in “magic mushrooms,” for her type of bipolar depression. KQED is only using Diamond’s first name because she uses psilocybin, which is illegal federally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1982859\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1982859\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-1020x678.jpg\" alt=\"A woman stands with her back to the camera and a shirt that says "Don't Trip Drip" and has psychedelic colored mushrooms. \" width=\"640\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/06/005_KQEDScience_Edits_DSC_0033-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Diamond wants to be an advocate for psilocybin treatments for depression. \u003ccite>(Anna Marie Yanny/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Diamond met with a therapist before and after a daylong psilocybin session, as part of the months-long trial. On her “dosing day” she grounded herself with an intention she set with her therapist earlier: self-grace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she was hallucinating, Diamond remembers feeling like someone buried her. She felt like she was losing air, light, everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was panicking,” Diamond said. “I was fearful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then she remembered that “they tell you to, if anything comes up, just go with it. I settled in and I was like, OK, so this is death.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “go-with-the-flow” mantra Diamond adopted during the trial has stuck with her to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Psilocybin faces numerous barriers moving from trial to treatment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Like Diamond, about \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression\">280 million people worldwide have depression\u003c/a>. For some, traditional medications don’t work. Researchers are studying whether psilocybin could help, and many of the \u003ca href=\"https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=Depression&term=&type=Intr&rslt=&age_v=&gndr=&intr=Psilocybin&titles=&outc=&spons=&lead=&id=&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=&locn=&rsub=&strd_s=&strd_e=&prcd_s=&prcd_e=&sfpd_s=&sfpd_e=&rfpd_s=&rfpd_e=&lupd_s=&lupd_e=&sort=\">dozens of trials have had promising results\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neuroscientist Dennis Parker Kelley helps run \u003ca href=\"https://psychedelics.ucsf.edu/#Studies\">psilocybin trials at UCSF\u003c/a>, and thinks the drug has incredible potential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More potential than we have really seen with any other pharmacological treatments in the past several decades,” Kelley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s so promising that psilocybin treatment could get Food and Drug Administration approval for stubborn forms of depression within the year. Meanwhile, San Francisco state Sen. Scott Wiener’s \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB58\">bill decriminalizing drugs like these is pressing ahead in the state Legislature\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it could be tricky for clinicians to move psilocybin into mainstream treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, psychedelic-assisted therapy can be prohibitively expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People who don’t have health insurance, this could prevent them from being able to meaningfully experience these therapies” Kelley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Psilocybin sessions typically last six to eight hours and are accompanied by a handful of therapy meetings before and after. Many people might not have time for these treatments. Plus, most studies require participants to wean off their current antidepressants before trying the treatment. This might not be necessary for all medications, and researchers like Kelley are trying to understand whether some drugs may be safe to mix with psilocybin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All told, “I don’t think people will be able to go home with psilocybin from their doctor anytime soon,” Kelley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indigenous groups in Mexico were using psilocybin long before these trials, and advocates have raised concerns about appropriation with the mushrooms. Critics have also raised concerns about power dynamics in the treatment room with psychedelics like psilocybin, and point to a documented history of sexual violation within psychedelic therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘With great hype needs to come great responsibility’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Clinicians discourage people from taking psilocybin without a therapist or trained guide. Diamond heard author Michael Pollan, who has written extensively about psychedelic research, talk about the treatments. She went looking for a trial after learning there was a lack of Black guides and clinical trial participants in psilocybin research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t see a lot of people who look like us talking about what [psilocybin has] done for us,” said Diamond, who is Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the trial, she tried to control her life by planning every minute of her day. She felt weak if she couldn’t accomplish everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, she gives herself grace if she doesn’t complete her to-do lists. Diamond wants to be an advocate for psilocybin, especially for Black people, through \u003ca href=\"https://www.diamonddripconsulting.com/about-faq\">her consulting and wellness business\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research psychologist Philip Corlett of Yale University says psychiatrists are desperate for new treatments, but the psilocybin data isn’t as miraculous as it sounds. After all, the trials have been small, and participants could be feeling a placebo effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think these are extremely promising new treatments. But I think with great hype needs to come great responsibility,” Corlett said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Psilocybin may not help everyone whom antidepressants have failed. Trials generally don’t include patients who are actively suicidal or experiencing psychosis, for fear of making it worse. In a large, phase 2 clinical trial for treatment-resistant depression conducted by the company Compass Pathways and published in \u003cem>The New England Journal of Medicine\u003c/em>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2206443\">some participants had worsening suicidal states — marked by suicidal ideation and self-injury — after taking psilocybin\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Psychiatric Association states that there is not enough evidence to support the use of psychedelics outside of clinical trials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinical psychologist Rosalind Watts was a lead for such trials at Imperial College London. After guiding patients through psilocybin treatment for years, she thinks of the drug as a catalyst for healing. But, she said, the treatment needs a “therapeutic container,” such as integration therapy or an Indigenous ceremony, to be effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it was just the drug, every time somebody went to Burning Man, they’d have their depression fixed. And that doesn’t happen,” Watts said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People need community care to move through sometimes harrowing drug experiences, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My real feeling is that psilocybin is calling us to change our models of care,” Watts said. “Because if we fit it into the existing profit-making, private health care models of clinics, it’s going to be really, really ineffective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Diamond, psilocybin was effective. After the trial, she woke up one morning, energized. She knocked out her to-do list, worked out and left early to pick up her daughter from school. Music drifted through her car speakers as she sat in the sunny school parking lot, waiting for the “school’s out” announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought to myself for the first time in forever that it would really suck to die today,” Diamond recalled, tearing up. “And that was so profound because I had never felt that way in my whole entire life.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1982857/magic-mushrooms-may-treat-depression-but-hurdles-to-psilocybin-access-abound","authors":["byline_science_1982857"],"categories":["science_39","science_3890","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_4414","science_249","science_5155"],"featImg":"science_1992384","label":"source_science_1982857"},"science_1982634":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1982634","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1982634","score":null,"sort":[1683630025000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-new-ucsf-blood-test-will-help-prevent-prescribing-the-wrong-medication","title":"New UCSF Test Helps Find the Right Medication for You Using Your DNA","publishDate":1683630025,"format":"audio","headTitle":"New UCSF Test Helps Find the Right Medication for You Using Your DNA | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>Starting today, doctors at UCSF may be able to prescribe medications with a lot more accuracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospital says it’s the first in California to test a patient’s genes to see how they respond to drugs using a process called pharmacogenetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Traditionally, doctors have relied on trial-and-error to determine how a patient responds to medication, offering a prescription usually based on gender, weight and age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, using a blood test, UCSF can examine with precision how variants in a person’s DNA could influence how they respond to particular drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new program will alert physicians “at that moment when they’re prescribing that this is going on with the genetics and this is what we recommend,” said Dr. Bani Tamraz, professor of clinical pharmacy at UCSF, who co-leads the UCSF pharmacogenetics program. “It’s all very nicely integrated into the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1982638\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1982638\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a grey dress holds a yellow pill box in one hand and container of prescription bottles in the other while standing in a bedroom.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christine Von Raesfeld holds her new medications in one hand and a tub of her old prescriptions in the other at her home in San Jos\u003cem>é\u003c/em>, on May 5, 2023. After decades of dealing with the destructive side effects of harmful medications, new pharmacogenetics tests mean that Von Raesfeld’s prescriptions are finally helping more than hurting. \u003ccite>(Kori Suzuki/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pharmacogenetics is a game changer for patients like 47-year-old Christine Von Raesfeld, who looks exceedingly happy and healthy, with a warm smile and curly black hair. Raesfeld has been diagnosed with many conditions including lupus, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy and experiences a long list of associated symptoms: chronic pain, fatigue, insomnia, brain fog and joint tenderness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve got over 40 diagnoses in my charts at this point,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stanford medical library has been a refuge for Von Raesfeld. “I would spend hours as a kid just pouring over medical books, just trying to find information on me,” she recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a while, doctors treating Von Raesfeld’s symptoms with drugs only made things worse, especially with three medications she took to treat lupus in her late 20s that she says resulted in three joint replacements, toxic encephalopathy and night-vision loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Richard Weinshiloboum, professor of medicine and pharmacology, Mayo Clinic\"]‘These are powerful drugs. They can do great good, but occasionally they can do great harm. Those things are sometimes due to differences in your genetics.’[/pullquote]“I’m half Asian,” she said. “So, a lot of those drugs are tested on white populations. And so I think some of my genetics played a role in causing these adverse reactions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, she took a genetic test that showed many of her prescriptions were either the wrong dose or the wrong drug. For example, her psychiatric medications were too high of a dosage, and she doesn’t respond at all to opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test also explained why the steroids she took in her 20s failed miserably: She metabolized them slowly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was working,” she explained, “but they kept feeding me the drug and it was just sitting in my system. They were then doubling and tripling the dose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was until, she says, she gained 70 pounds and her skin began ripping and bleeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With pharmacogenetics, doctors can see exactly why a person is experiencing a side effect, Tamraz of UCSF explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can see, ‘Oh, well, no wonder,’” he said. “Because they have this particular gene that is causing them to accumulate more of the drug in their system. They’re not clearing it. And so we either pick a different drug or we need to adjust the dose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamraz hopes the new program will reduce negative side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCSF plans to bill each patient’s insurance, but not all insurers cover the test. Companies argue that more evidence is needed to demonstrate it improves care and lowers cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, pharmacogenetics currently is offered only at a select number of U.S. hospitals with large academic institutions, like the Mayo Clinic, where Dr. Richard Weinshiloboum is a professor of medicine and pharmacology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There continues to be a controversy about how valuable this is, but the one thing I can say for sure is that increasingly this is becoming a standard part of drug therapy for specific drugs that could have a serious adverse reaction,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, a chemotherapy treatment for leukemia can be deadly for certain children. Estimates vary but studies suggest medications accidentally kill more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-interactions-labeling/preventable-adverse-drug-reactions-focus-drug-interactions#:~:text=These%20studies%20estimate%20that%206.7,a%20fatality%20rate%20of%200.32%25.&text=If%20these%20estimates%20are%20correct,causing%20over%20106%2C000%20deaths%20annually\">100,000 people a year across the country\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are powerful drugs,” Weinshiloboum said. “They can do great good, but occasionally they can do great harm. Those things are sometimes due to differences in your genetics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1982640\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1982640\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a grey dress with a yellow sweater wrapped around her waste stands outside in front of a house.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christine Von Raesfeld walks through her neighborhood in San Jos\u003cem>é\u003c/em> on May 5, 2023. For Von Raesfeld, who deals with several chronic illnesses, neighborhood walks are a key part of her daily routine. \u003ccite>(Kori Suzuki/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Von Raesfeld hopes pharmacogenetics is more widely available soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My whole life has been turned upside down from damage from medications,” she said. “And so, the only thing I can think of is to get testing like this out to the public so that no one else has to deal with these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today Von Raesfeld is taking four medications — down from 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the first time in her life she says her treatment is helping rather than hurting her.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Doctors at UCSF may be able to prescribe medications with a lot more accuracy by testing a patient’s genes using a process called pharmacogenetics, which allows doctors to see exactly why a person is experiencing a side effect.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704846022,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":947},"headData":{"title":"New UCSF Test Helps Find the Right Medication for You Using Your DNA | KQED","description":"Doctors at UCSF may be able to prescribe medications with a lot more accuracy by testing a patient’s genes using a process called pharmacogenetics, which allows doctors to see exactly why a person is experiencing a side effect.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"New UCSF Test Helps Find the Right Medication for You Using Your DNA","datePublished":"2023-05-09T11:00:25.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:20:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-4[…]f-aaef00f5a073/db51b49a-086e-4666-a82b-affd0125a4e8/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1982634/a-new-ucsf-blood-test-will-help-prevent-prescribing-the-wrong-medication","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Starting today, doctors at UCSF may be able to prescribe medications with a lot more accuracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospital says it’s the first in California to test a patient’s genes to see how they respond to drugs using a process called pharmacogenetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Traditionally, doctors have relied on trial-and-error to determine how a patient responds to medication, offering a prescription usually based on gender, weight and age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, using a blood test, UCSF can examine with precision how variants in a person’s DNA could influence how they respond to particular drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new program will alert physicians “at that moment when they’re prescribing that this is going on with the genetics and this is what we recommend,” said Dr. Bani Tamraz, professor of clinical pharmacy at UCSF, who co-leads the UCSF pharmacogenetics program. “It’s all very nicely integrated into the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1982638\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1982638\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a grey dress holds a yellow pill box in one hand and container of prescription bottles in the other while standing in a bedroom.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0165-1-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christine Von Raesfeld holds her new medications in one hand and a tub of her old prescriptions in the other at her home in San Jos\u003cem>é\u003c/em>, on May 5, 2023. After decades of dealing with the destructive side effects of harmful medications, new pharmacogenetics tests mean that Von Raesfeld’s prescriptions are finally helping more than hurting. \u003ccite>(Kori Suzuki/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pharmacogenetics is a game changer for patients like 47-year-old Christine Von Raesfeld, who looks exceedingly happy and healthy, with a warm smile and curly black hair. Raesfeld has been diagnosed with many conditions including lupus, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy and experiences a long list of associated symptoms: chronic pain, fatigue, insomnia, brain fog and joint tenderness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve got over 40 diagnoses in my charts at this point,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stanford medical library has been a refuge for Von Raesfeld. “I would spend hours as a kid just pouring over medical books, just trying to find information on me,” she recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a while, doctors treating Von Raesfeld’s symptoms with drugs only made things worse, especially with three medications she took to treat lupus in her late 20s that she says resulted in three joint replacements, toxic encephalopathy and night-vision loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘These are powerful drugs. They can do great good, but occasionally they can do great harm. Those things are sometimes due to differences in your genetics.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Richard Weinshiloboum, professor of medicine and pharmacology, Mayo Clinic","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I’m half Asian,” she said. “So, a lot of those drugs are tested on white populations. And so I think some of my genetics played a role in causing these adverse reactions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, she took a genetic test that showed many of her prescriptions were either the wrong dose or the wrong drug. For example, her psychiatric medications were too high of a dosage, and she doesn’t respond at all to opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test also explained why the steroids she took in her 20s failed miserably: She metabolized them slowly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was working,” she explained, “but they kept feeding me the drug and it was just sitting in my system. They were then doubling and tripling the dose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was until, she says, she gained 70 pounds and her skin began ripping and bleeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With pharmacogenetics, doctors can see exactly why a person is experiencing a side effect, Tamraz of UCSF explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can see, ‘Oh, well, no wonder,’” he said. “Because they have this particular gene that is causing them to accumulate more of the drug in their system. They’re not clearing it. And so we either pick a different drug or we need to adjust the dose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamraz hopes the new program will reduce negative side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCSF plans to bill each patient’s insurance, but not all insurers cover the test. Companies argue that more evidence is needed to demonstrate it improves care and lowers cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, pharmacogenetics currently is offered only at a select number of U.S. hospitals with large academic institutions, like the Mayo Clinic, where Dr. Richard Weinshiloboum is a professor of medicine and pharmacology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There continues to be a controversy about how valuable this is, but the one thing I can say for sure is that increasingly this is becoming a standard part of drug therapy for specific drugs that could have a serious adverse reaction,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, a chemotherapy treatment for leukemia can be deadly for certain children. Estimates vary but studies suggest medications accidentally kill more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-interactions-labeling/preventable-adverse-drug-reactions-focus-drug-interactions#:~:text=These%20studies%20estimate%20that%206.7,a%20fatality%20rate%20of%200.32%25.&text=If%20these%20estimates%20are%20correct,causing%20over%20106%2C000%20deaths%20annually\">100,000 people a year across the country\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are powerful drugs,” Weinshiloboum said. “They can do great good, but occasionally they can do great harm. Those things are sometimes due to differences in your genetics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1982640\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1982640\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a grey dress with a yellow sweater wrapped around her waste stands outside in front of a house.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/05052023_ksuzuki_pharmacogeneticspatient-0294-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christine Von Raesfeld walks through her neighborhood in San Jos\u003cem>é\u003c/em> on May 5, 2023. For Von Raesfeld, who deals with several chronic illnesses, neighborhood walks are a key part of her daily routine. \u003ccite>(Kori Suzuki/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Von Raesfeld hopes pharmacogenetics is more widely available soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My whole life has been turned upside down from damage from medications,” she said. “And so, the only thing I can think of is to get testing like this out to the public so that no one else has to deal with these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today Von Raesfeld is taking four medications — down from 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the first time in her life she says her treatment is helping rather than hurting her.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1982634/a-new-ucsf-blood-test-will-help-prevent-prescribing-the-wrong-medication","authors":["11229","11608"],"categories":["science_3890","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_4417","science_5155"],"featImg":"science_1982639","label":"science"},"science_1967648":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1967648","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1967648","score":null,"sort":[1595889933000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"inside-sfs-new-biosafety-lab-scientists-study-live-coronavirus","title":"Inside SF's New Biosafety Lab, Where Scientists Wrangle Live Coronavirus","publishDate":1595889933,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Inside SF’s New Biosafety Lab, Where Scientists Wrangle Live Coronavirus | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>There’s so much scientists still don’t know about the novel coronavirus: basic stuff, like how exactly it invades a host’s healthy cells, the molecular interactions that enable it to spread through the body and why it affects some people more than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a handful of labs in the Bay Area, including ones at UCSF and UC Berkeley, are trying to gain a better understanding of how SARS-CoV-2 behaves by doing basic research with live virus. The work could help scientists develop and test new treatments or vaccines to target the virus more effectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To handle live coronavirus and other potential deadly airborne pathogens, these labs must meet strict Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/cpr/infographics/biosafety.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">containment requirements\u003c/a> set by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent visit to San Francisco’s \u003ca href=\"https://gladstone.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gladstone Institutes\u003c/a>, we got a look inside its newly launched BSL-3 lab (before any live virus arrived) with Dr. Melanie Ott, director of the Gladstone Institute of Virology, and lab director Mauricio Montano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I learned, getting into a BSL-3 lab requires a few extra steps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>From Surgical Mask to ‘Space Suit’\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1967668\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1967668\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">To enter the BSL-3 lab, researchers must go from street clothes to scrubs to full body suits. Here, reporter Peter Arcuni steps into the “clean space” with booties over his sneakers. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, a basic cloth facial covering or surgical mask is required even to enter Gladstone’s Mission Bay headquarters. But gaining access to the BSL-3 lab requires two more wardrobe changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first takes place in a locker room, where researchers go from street clothes into scrubs, gloves and a bonnet that resembles a gauzy shower cap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s part of the sacrifice of making sure everybody’s safe and clean,” Montano said. Then he walked me through the protocol for putting a pair of booties on over my sneakers, before stepping over a line of yellow tape on the floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ll put a booty on one foot, and then you’ll be able to plant your foot into this clean space. And then you’ll put the other booty on and you’ll be able to walk in here,” he coached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took me a few tries to get it right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even very experienced Ph.D.-level virologists who come in here for the first time will have the same experience,” Montano said. “The environment requires a really hyperactive vigilance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next we head down the hall to the BSL-3 lab’s secure anteroom. A digital monitor by the door showed the air pressure as negative, which ensures that no aerosolized particles (stuff floating in the air) can escape. Instead, a high-powered HVAC system draws in the lab’s air and cleans it with a series of filters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A BSL-3 is like a giant vacuum cleaner,” Montano said. “No pathogens or anything could come out of that room.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1967660\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1967660\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-768x513.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-2048x1367.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Melanie Ott, director of the Gladstone Institute of Virology, inside the BSL-3 lab, where researchers will try to learn how the coronavirus infects a host’s cells and spreads through the body. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Gladstone Institutes)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lab’s safety is closely monitored by officials at UCSF, as well as state and federal health regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once inside with the anteroom’s outer door shut, scientists will don Tyvek hazmat suits — or “space suits,” as Montano calls them — and respiratory purifiers to filter out potential pathogens. Only then can they enter the lab’s inner workspace. (Because there was no live virus present during our visit, we skipped this last step.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here researchers will work with the virus with gloved hands reaching inside glass-shielded biosafety cabinets that resemble laboratory hoods from chemistry class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any physical waste, like used reagents, that needs to leave the room must first be sterilized by the lab’s autoclave, which is essentially a high-temperature medical-grade pressure cooker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>Anything to come out of here basically has to be dead and has to be clean,” Montano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As I always say, I feel much safer here than I feel at the local grocery store,” Ott added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>‘We Know Very Little About This Virus’\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott says the ability to work with active SARS-CoV-2 opens up avenues of inquiry that aren’t possible using inactive viral fragments or looking at genomic sequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>A Biosafety Level 3 lab is allowing you to work with dangerous viruses that are actually fully functional and replicating,” Ott said. “So you can study the virus, the full viral life cycle, in an animal or in a cell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1967674\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1967674\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Before leaving the room, waste and unused research materials need to be sterilized by the lab’s autoclave, which is essentially a medical-grade pressure cooker. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lab is equipped to run animal studies using mice, which will be housed in cages inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approach, she says, can uncover ways to interfere with that life cycle either by attacking the virus itself or by targeting parts of the host cells that the virus interacts with to block it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re coming really from the mechanistic side,” Ott said. “You’re diving deep into the interaction of the virus with the host.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott says scientists still don’t fully understand precisely how the coronavirus spreads throughout the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to learn how it engages the upper airway, how it gets into the lower airway and how it disseminates into other organs from there,” she said. “There’s a lot that we don’t know\u003ci>.”\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To tackle this, Ott says the lab plans to culture the types of cells that are the primary or secondary targets of the virus. These include lung, gut, liver and heart cells\u003ci>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we are trying to reconstruct the more complex cell systems in a dish and then see how the virus behaves,” Ott said. “Is it infecting everybody? Is it infecting dependent on a certain factor, like an important entry factor and receptor? Is that all mediated by this molecule?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gladstone’s BSL-3 lab, Ott says, can also serve as a place to test potential treatments and vaccines before they are tested in human subjects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before you go into a clinical trial, you want to make sure that what you’re doing is efficient, that it’s actually doing what it’s supposed to do,” Ott said. “These preclinical studies can give you a much better idea about what exactly is happening when you give that drug to a patient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>‘Too Many Questions to Answer At Once’\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gladstone’s new facility will allow virologists to gain a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2, but the virus is a puzzle with many pieces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s too many questions to answer at once,” Ott said. “Collaboration, I think, is absolutely essential. … This has been unprecedented, at least in my experience, how people have come together around this virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1967662\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1967662\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lab director Mauricio Montano with his hands inside a biosafety cabinet. To work with active SARS-CoV-2, labs need to meet biosafety level 3 containment requirements set by the CDC. . \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In preparation for the new lab’s launch, Ott partnered with UCSF’s BSL-3 to culture cells and prepare the virus for transfer to Gladstone. She’s collaborating with other researchers at the university who have identified \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2286-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 300 interactions\u003c/a> between SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in very good relationship with all the BSL-3s here in the Bay Area,” Ott said. “Stanford, Berkeley, UCSF, I think everybody recognizes that these laboratories are in short supply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are roughly 200 BSL-3 labs throughout the U.S., according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.selectagents.gov/resources/FSAP_Annual_Report_2018_508.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2018 report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, Ott says, the coronavirus pandemic has affected everyone. Her brother-in-law, a physician in a small Austrian village, contracted the virus and became seriously ill. But the science, she says, gives her hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>You see all the politics, you see all the rush. But at the end,” she says, “you settle down, you look at your data and you see that you’re making progress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The basic coronavirus research done by Gladstone and its collaborators, Ott says, could help fight not only this virus, but the next wave as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>It’s a constant evolutionary battle,” says Ott. “There will be other clever viruses, whether they’re coronaviruses or influenza viruses or even something like HIV. So it’s important to have facilities like this where we can prepare for the future pandemics that are coming.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Working with live coronovirus allows scientists to learn how it behaves and develop treatments to fight it. But only some labs are set up to handle it.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704847154,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":44,"wordCount":1534},"headData":{"title":"Inside SF's New Biosafety Lab, Where Scientists Wrangle Live Coronavirus | KQED","description":"Working with live coronovirus allows scientists to learn how it behaves and develop treatments to fight it. But only some labs are set up to handle it.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Inside SF's New Biosafety Lab, Where Scientists Wrangle Live Coronavirus","datePublished":"2020-07-27T22:45:33.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:39:14.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Coronavirus","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1967648/inside-sfs-new-biosafety-lab-scientists-study-live-coronavirus","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There’s so much scientists still don’t know about the novel coronavirus: basic stuff, like how exactly it invades a host’s healthy cells, the molecular interactions that enable it to spread through the body and why it affects some people more than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a handful of labs in the Bay Area, including ones at UCSF and UC Berkeley, are trying to gain a better understanding of how SARS-CoV-2 behaves by doing basic research with live virus. The work could help scientists develop and test new treatments or vaccines to target the virus more effectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To handle live coronavirus and other potential deadly airborne pathogens, these labs must meet strict Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/cpr/infographics/biosafety.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">containment requirements\u003c/a> set by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent visit to San Francisco’s \u003ca href=\"https://gladstone.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gladstone Institutes\u003c/a>, we got a look inside its newly launched BSL-3 lab (before any live virus arrived) with Dr. Melanie Ott, director of the Gladstone Institute of Virology, and lab director Mauricio Montano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I learned, getting into a BSL-3 lab requires a few extra steps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>From Surgical Mask to ‘Space Suit’\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1967668\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1967668\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-3-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">To enter the BSL-3 lab, researchers must go from street clothes to scrubs to full body suits. Here, reporter Peter Arcuni steps into the “clean space” with booties over his sneakers. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, a basic cloth facial covering or surgical mask is required even to enter Gladstone’s Mission Bay headquarters. But gaining access to the BSL-3 lab requires two more wardrobe changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first takes place in a locker room, where researchers go from street clothes into scrubs, gloves and a bonnet that resembles a gauzy shower cap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s part of the sacrifice of making sure everybody’s safe and clean,” Montano said. Then he walked me through the protocol for putting a pair of booties on over my sneakers, before stepping over a line of yellow tape on the floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ll put a booty on one foot, and then you’ll be able to plant your foot into this clean space. And then you’ll put the other booty on and you’ll be able to walk in here,” he coached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took me a few tries to get it right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even very experienced Ph.D.-level virologists who come in here for the first time will have the same experience,” Montano said. “The environment requires a really hyperactive vigilance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next we head down the hall to the BSL-3 lab’s secure anteroom. A digital monitor by the door showed the air pressure as negative, which ensures that no aerosolized particles (stuff floating in the air) can escape. Instead, a high-powered HVAC system draws in the lab’s air and cleans it with a series of filters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A BSL-3 is like a giant vacuum cleaner,” Montano said. “No pathogens or anything could come out of that room.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1967660\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1967660\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-768x513.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-2048x1367.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-BSL3-facility8-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Melanie Ott, director of the Gladstone Institute of Virology, inside the BSL-3 lab, where researchers will try to learn how the coronavirus infects a host’s cells and spreads through the body. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Gladstone Institutes)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lab’s safety is closely monitored by officials at UCSF, as well as state and federal health regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once inside with the anteroom’s outer door shut, scientists will don Tyvek hazmat suits — or “space suits,” as Montano calls them — and respiratory purifiers to filter out potential pathogens. Only then can they enter the lab’s inner workspace. (Because there was no live virus present during our visit, we skipped this last step.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here researchers will work with the virus with gloved hands reaching inside glass-shielded biosafety cabinets that resemble laboratory hoods from chemistry class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any physical waste, like used reagents, that needs to leave the room must first be sterilized by the lab’s autoclave, which is essentially a high-temperature medical-grade pressure cooker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>Anything to come out of here basically has to be dead and has to be clean,” Montano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As I always say, I feel much safer here than I feel at the local grocery store,” Ott added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>‘We Know Very Little About This Virus’\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott says the ability to work with active SARS-CoV-2 opens up avenues of inquiry that aren’t possible using inactive viral fragments or looking at genomic sequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>A Biosafety Level 3 lab is allowing you to work with dangerous viruses that are actually fully functional and replicating,” Ott said. “So you can study the virus, the full viral life cycle, in an animal or in a cell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1967674\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1967674\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-Autoclave-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Before leaving the room, waste and unused research materials need to be sterilized by the lab’s autoclave, which is essentially a medical-grade pressure cooker. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lab is equipped to run animal studies using mice, which will be housed in cages inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approach, she says, can uncover ways to interfere with that life cycle either by attacking the virus itself or by targeting parts of the host cells that the virus interacts with to block it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re coming really from the mechanistic side,” Ott said. “You’re diving deep into the interaction of the virus with the host.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott says scientists still don’t fully understand precisely how the coronavirus spreads throughout the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to learn how it engages the upper airway, how it gets into the lower airway and how it disseminates into other organs from there,” she said. “There’s a lot that we don’t know\u003ci>.”\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To tackle this, Ott says the lab plans to culture the types of cells that are the primary or secondary targets of the virus. These include lung, gut, liver and heart cells\u003ci>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we are trying to reconstruct the more complex cell systems in a dish and then see how the virus behaves,” Ott said. “Is it infecting everybody? Is it infecting dependent on a certain factor, like an important entry factor and receptor? Is that all mediated by this molecule?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gladstone’s BSL-3 lab, Ott says, can also serve as a place to test potential treatments and vaccines before they are tested in human subjects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before you go into a clinical trial, you want to make sure that what you’re doing is efficient, that it’s actually doing what it’s supposed to do,” Ott said. “These preclinical studies can give you a much better idea about what exactly is happening when you give that drug to a patient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>‘Too Many Questions to Answer At Once’\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gladstone’s new facility will allow virologists to gain a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2, but the virus is a puzzle with many pieces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s too many questions to answer at once,” Ott said. “Collaboration, I think, is absolutely essential. … This has been unprecedented, at least in my experience, how people have come together around this virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1967662\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1967662\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/07/Gladstone-2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lab director Mauricio Montano with his hands inside a biosafety cabinet. To work with active SARS-CoV-2, labs need to meet biosafety level 3 containment requirements set by the CDC. . \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In preparation for the new lab’s launch, Ott partnered with UCSF’s BSL-3 to culture cells and prepare the virus for transfer to Gladstone. She’s collaborating with other researchers at the university who have identified \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2286-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 300 interactions\u003c/a> between SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in very good relationship with all the BSL-3s here in the Bay Area,” Ott said. “Stanford, Berkeley, UCSF, I think everybody recognizes that these laboratories are in short supply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are roughly 200 BSL-3 labs throughout the U.S., according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.selectagents.gov/resources/FSAP_Annual_Report_2018_508.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2018 report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, Ott says, the coronavirus pandemic has affected everyone. Her brother-in-law, a physician in a small Austrian village, contracted the virus and became seriously ill. But the science, she says, gives her hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>You see all the politics, you see all the rush. But at the end,” she says, “you settle down, you look at your data and you see that you’re making progress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The basic coronavirus research done by Gladstone and its collaborators, Ott says, could help fight not only this virus, but the next wave as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>It’s a constant evolutionary battle,” says Ott. “There will be other clever viruses, whether they’re coronaviruses or influenza viruses or even something like HIV. So it’s important to have facilities like this where we can prepare for the future pandemics that are coming.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1967648/inside-sfs-new-biosafety-lab-scientists-study-live-coronavirus","authors":["11368"],"categories":["science_30","science_39","science_3890","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_4329","science_4368","science_4414","science_5181","science_5155","science_197"],"featImg":"science_1967663","label":"source_science_1967648"},"science_1967485":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1967485","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1967485","score":null,"sort":[1595461327000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-hospitals-say-remdesivir-is-in-short-supply","title":"Bay Area Hospitals Say Remdesivir is in Short Supply","publishDate":1595461327,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Hospitals Say Remdesivir is in Short Supply | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Remdesivir, the intravenous antiviral drug made by Foster City’s Gilead Sciences, is currently the only medicine shown \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1963229/government-study-shows-patients-responding-to-coronavirus-treatment-drugmaker-gilead-says\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in trials\u003c/a> to effectively treat hospitalized COVID-19 patients, reducing the median length of hospital stays by about four days. But some Bay Area hospitals say the supply is barely keeping up with demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Lukejohn Day, chief medical officer at Zuckerberg San Fransisco General Hospital (ZSFG) says the hospital ran out of remdesivir last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not like some medications where we have them in stock or if we run out the stock we can order it and it could be FedEx’d overnight or within two days,” Day said. “We don’t have that type of access with this drug.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=”right” citation=\"Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, UCSF\"]‘Every morning I wake up with palpitations because I don’t know if we’re going to have enough.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Day says local hospitals report their COVID-19 cases to the federal Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and are notified about every two weeks how much remdesivir they can purchase through AmerisourceBergen, a third-party distributor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late June, Gilead \u003ca href=\"https://www.phe.gov/emergency/events/COVID19/investigation-MCM/Pages/factsheet.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">signed an agreement\u003c/a> with HHS to provide roughly half-a-million remdesivir treatment courses for distribution to U.S. hospitals over the next three months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Day says ZSFG is expecting another shipment soon and hasn’t, as of yet, had to deny hospitalized patients who meet the requirements for treatment with the drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If cases were to surge up again,” Day said, “it could be potentially harmful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scarcity of remdesivir, Day says, is hitting other parts of the state even harder. “I definitely know that there is a shortage out there across several counties within California,” he said. “We’ve given some to other counties, but have not been able to give as much as we would like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, an infectious disease specialist at UC San Francisco, says the hospital is also maxing out its allotment of remdesivir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every morning I wake up with palpitations because I don’t know if we’re going to have enough,” he said\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At UCSF and other San Francisco hospitals, remdesivir is currently reserved for patients who require supplemental oxygen or a ventilator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now we have enough, but barely,” Chin-Hong said.\u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID-19 hospitalizations at UCSF have tripled over the past month, according to Chin-Hong. The surge, he says, has prompted his team to start asking hard questions about how to prioritize the drug if the trend continues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Say three people needed it and we only had enough for one, how do you make that decision?” Chin-Hong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the ideal world,” he added, “probably 100 percent of [hospitalized] people would be on remdesivir.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Remdesivir is currently the only drug shown in trials to effectively treat hospitalized COVID-19 patients. But some Bay Area hospitals say the supply is barely keeping up with the demand.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704847163,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":501},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Hospitals Say Remdesivir is in Short Supply | KQED","description":"Remdesivir is currently the only drug shown in trials to effectively treat hospitalized COVID-19 patients. But some Bay Area hospitals say the supply is barely keeping up with the demand.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Bay Area Hospitals Say Remdesivir is in Short Supply","datePublished":"2020-07-22T23:42:07.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:39:23.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Coronavirus","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1967485/bay-area-hospitals-say-remdesivir-is-in-short-supply","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Remdesivir, the intravenous antiviral drug made by Foster City’s Gilead Sciences, is currently the only medicine shown \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1963229/government-study-shows-patients-responding-to-coronavirus-treatment-drugmaker-gilead-says\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in trials\u003c/a> to effectively treat hospitalized COVID-19 patients, reducing the median length of hospital stays by about four days. But some Bay Area hospitals say the supply is barely keeping up with demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Lukejohn Day, chief medical officer at Zuckerberg San Fransisco General Hospital (ZSFG) says the hospital ran out of remdesivir last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not like some medications where we have them in stock or if we run out the stock we can order it and it could be FedEx’d overnight or within two days,” Day said. “We don’t have that type of access with this drug.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘Every morning I wake up with palpitations because I don’t know if we’re going to have enough.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"”right”","citation":"Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, UCSF","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Day says local hospitals report their COVID-19 cases to the federal Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and are notified about every two weeks how much remdesivir they can purchase through AmerisourceBergen, a third-party distributor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late June, Gilead \u003ca href=\"https://www.phe.gov/emergency/events/COVID19/investigation-MCM/Pages/factsheet.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">signed an agreement\u003c/a> with HHS to provide roughly half-a-million remdesivir treatment courses for distribution to U.S. hospitals over the next three months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Day says ZSFG is expecting another shipment soon and hasn’t, as of yet, had to deny hospitalized patients who meet the requirements for treatment with the drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If cases were to surge up again,” Day said, “it could be potentially harmful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scarcity of remdesivir, Day says, is hitting other parts of the state even harder. “I definitely know that there is a shortage out there across several counties within California,” he said. “We’ve given some to other counties, but have not been able to give as much as we would like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, an infectious disease specialist at UC San Francisco, says the hospital is also maxing out its allotment of remdesivir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every morning I wake up with palpitations because I don’t know if we’re going to have enough,” he said\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At UCSF and other San Francisco hospitals, remdesivir is currently reserved for patients who require supplemental oxygen or a ventilator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now we have enough, but barely,” Chin-Hong said.\u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID-19 hospitalizations at UCSF have tripled over the past month, according to Chin-Hong. The surge, he says, has prompted his team to start asking hard questions about how to prioritize the drug if the trend continues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Say three people needed it and we only had enough for one, how do you make that decision?” Chin-Hong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the ideal world,” he added, “probably 100 percent of [hospitalized] people would be on remdesivir.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1967485/bay-area-hospitals-say-remdesivir-is-in-short-supply","authors":["11368"],"categories":["science_39","science_3890","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_4329","science_4368","science_5181","science_5155"],"featImg":"science_1962854","label":"source_science_1967485"},"science_1961243":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1961243","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1961243","score":null,"sort":[1586388978000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"coronavirus-heres-how-to-use-gloves-properly-to-help-prevent-infection","title":"Coronavirus: Here's How to Use Gloves to Help Prevent Infection","publishDate":1586388978,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Coronavirus: Here’s How to Use Gloves to Help Prevent Infection | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research has found that the coronavirus survives on different types of surfaces for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1959172/coronavirus-how-and-when-to-clean-your-home-and-wash-your-hands\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">varying amounts of time\u003c/a>. Which is why you may have seen a lot of people wearing gloves, trying to protect themselves when they touch things like the shopping cart handle at the grocery store, for instance. From disposable medical gloves to winter mittens, people are using whatever they can find to cover their hands.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, does that work?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“(A)ctually, they can give a false sense of security,” said Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, an infectious disease specialist with UCSF.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Respiratory viruses like the novel coronavirus mostly spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes, expelling a microscopic droplet that carries the virus to the mouth or nose of another person. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“The virus doesn’t care about your hands,” Dr. Chin-Hong said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unless, of course, you touch something where a contaminated droplet has landed. “The hands and the fingers are sort of like transportation. It’s like the Muni of the virus, a free trip to the nose or mouth.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While gloves can provide a barrier to the coronavirus, if you touch your face, you can still become infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And even if you follow that rule\u003cstrong>,\u003c/strong> gloves have their limits. “Don’t use gloves and think it’s a force shield,” Chin-Hong said. “The glove isn’t going to protect you from getting infected when the main source of infection is someone’s cough or sneezing.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wearing gloves properly during this pandemic can turn out to be kind of a hassle, he says. “It’s actually much easier to wash your hands than to wear gloves on and off.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Still, Chin-Hong says gloves are a good strategy if used in combination with other preventive measures. The best thing people can do to protect themselves is to follow public health guidelines: Avoid touching your face, wash your hands regularly, and stay at least six feet away from other people. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you do wear gloves, there are some extra rules to follow:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Always wash your hands before and after wearing gloves.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clean any surface you might have touched with your gloves on, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">such as your phone, keys, wallet, eyewear or door handles. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Throw away used disposable gloves, and wash fabric gloves with soap and water before using them again.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Be careful to avoid contamination when taking gloves off.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Again, even with gloves on, don’t touch your face, especially your nose or mouth.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Proper glove removal can actually be a bit tricky and may take some practice. In general, the key is to avoid touching the inside of a glove or your bare hand with the outside of a dirty glove. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has published this \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/pdf/poster-how-to-remove-gloves.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">diagram\u003c/a>, with step by step instructions on how to remove gloves safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/pdf/poster-how-to-remove-gloves.pdf\" width=\"75%\" height=\"1000\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether people choose to wear gloves or not, Chin-Hong says, following public health guidelines is just as important as ever. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“I think it’s really important to sustain all these wonderful efforts that we’ve been doing as a community and not to lose sight of the fact that we’re all in this together. Every member of the community has a responsibility to protect each other.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"People can wear gloves as an added precaution, as long as they follow a few key guidelines, says a UCSF infectious disease specialist.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704847587,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/pdf/poster-how-to-remove-gloves.pdf"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":563},"headData":{"title":"Coronavirus: Here's How to Use Gloves to Help Prevent Infection | KQED","description":"People can wear gloves as an added precaution, as long as they follow a few key guidelines, says a UCSF infectious disease specialist.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Coronavirus: Here's How to Use Gloves to Help Prevent Infection","datePublished":"2020-04-08T23:36:18.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:46:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Coronavirus","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Ariana Remmel ","path":"/science/1961243/coronavirus-heres-how-to-use-gloves-properly-to-help-prevent-infection","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research has found that the coronavirus survives on different types of surfaces for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1959172/coronavirus-how-and-when-to-clean-your-home-and-wash-your-hands\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">varying amounts of time\u003c/a>. Which is why you may have seen a lot of people wearing gloves, trying to protect themselves when they touch things like the shopping cart handle at the grocery store, for instance. From disposable medical gloves to winter mittens, people are using whatever they can find to cover their hands.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, does that work?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“(A)ctually, they can give a false sense of security,” said Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, an infectious disease specialist with UCSF.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Respiratory viruses like the novel coronavirus mostly spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes, expelling a microscopic droplet that carries the virus to the mouth or nose of another person. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“The virus doesn’t care about your hands,” Dr. Chin-Hong said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unless, of course, you touch something where a contaminated droplet has landed. “The hands and the fingers are sort of like transportation. It’s like the Muni of the virus, a free trip to the nose or mouth.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While gloves can provide a barrier to the coronavirus, if you touch your face, you can still become infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And even if you follow that rule\u003cstrong>,\u003c/strong> gloves have their limits. “Don’t use gloves and think it’s a force shield,” Chin-Hong said. “The glove isn’t going to protect you from getting infected when the main source of infection is someone’s cough or sneezing.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wearing gloves properly during this pandemic can turn out to be kind of a hassle, he says. “It’s actually much easier to wash your hands than to wear gloves on and off.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Still, Chin-Hong says gloves are a good strategy if used in combination with other preventive measures. The best thing people can do to protect themselves is to follow public health guidelines: Avoid touching your face, wash your hands regularly, and stay at least six feet away from other people. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you do wear gloves, there are some extra rules to follow:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Always wash your hands before and after wearing gloves.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clean any surface you might have touched with your gloves on, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">such as your phone, keys, wallet, eyewear or door handles. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Throw away used disposable gloves, and wash fabric gloves with soap and water before using them again.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Be careful to avoid contamination when taking gloves off.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Again, even with gloves on, don’t touch your face, especially your nose or mouth.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Proper glove removal can actually be a bit tricky and may take some practice. In general, the key is to avoid touching the inside of a glove or your bare hand with the outside of a dirty glove. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has published this \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/pdf/poster-how-to-remove-gloves.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">diagram\u003c/a>, with step by step instructions on how to remove gloves safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/pdf/poster-how-to-remove-gloves.pdf\" width=\"75%\" height=\"1000\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether people choose to wear gloves or not, Chin-Hong says, following public health guidelines is just as important as ever. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“I think it’s really important to sustain all these wonderful efforts that we’ve been doing as a community and not to lose sight of the fact that we’re all in this together. Every member of the community has a responsibility to protect each other.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1961243/coronavirus-heres-how-to-use-gloves-properly-to-help-prevent-infection","authors":["byline_science_1961243"],"categories":["science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_4329","science_4368","science_4277","science_4470","science_5155"],"featImg":"science_1961253","label":"source_science_1961243"},"science_1960000":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1960000","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1960000","score":null,"sort":[1585089552000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"so-far-coronavirus-cases-are-manageable-say-bay-area-hospitals-but-its-still-early","title":"Bay Area Hospitals: So Far, Coronavirus Cases Are Manageable. But It's Still Early","publishDate":1585089552,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Hospitals: So Far, Coronavirus Cases Are Manageable. But It’s Still Early | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The number of confirmed coronavirus cases in California has nearly quadrupled in the past week, from 565 last Monday to more than 2,300, according to the latest counts from California health departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Dr. Bob Wachter, UCSF']‘We’ve heard about the tsunami and we’re kind of waiting on the beach to see what happens. We are seeing an increase in cases and nobody should take any of this and say it’s time to go out and party. That is not at all clear, yet.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials in San Francisco say the number of patients infected with COVID-19 will only escalate over the next two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am sad to have to say that the worst is yet to come,” said Grant Colfax, the city’s public health chief, at a press conference Monday afternoon. “Every community where the virus has taken hold has seen a surge in coronavirus patients who need to be hospitalized. We expect that to happen in San Francisco in a week or two, or perhaps less.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s major hospitals have logged a steady rise in the number of patients with COVID-19, but they have — so far — been spared the sudden surge of cases\u003cb> \u003c/b>that have overwhelmed emergency rooms in states like New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo says the rate of confirmed cases in that state is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/24/nyregion/coronavirus-new-york-update.html?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-newyork&variant=show®ion=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_newyork#link-4176a53a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doubling\u003c/a> every three days and he has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/23/nyregion/coronavirus-new-york-update.html#link-7cdbb132\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ordered\u003c/a> hospitals to double their capacity, The New York Times \u003cspan class=\"s2\">reports\u003c/span>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That sort of influx has yet to hit UCSF’s medical system, said Bob Wachter, chair of the university’s department of medicine, on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve heard about the tsunami and we’re kind of waiting on the beach to see what happens,” he said. “We are seeing an increase in cases and nobody should take any of this and say it’s time to go out and party. That is not at all clear, yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wachter confirmed on Tuesday that the number of incoming cases hadn’t yet changed drastically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coronavirus can incubate for two weeks, which means the hospitals are treating individuals who contracted the disease two or even three weeks ago, Wachter says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll have a better sense, within the next week, of our ultimate trajectory. But if you look at the curves of the numbers of cases and deaths in New York and compare it to California, it does look like our slope is much more benign than New York.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Bob_Wachter/status/1242286233960599554?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Colwell, the medical director of Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, is tracking coronavirus cases closely and has yet to see a “big jump in numbers,” he said Monday, and reiterated Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Dr. Dean Blumberg, UC Davis']‘(W)e really won’t know [how successful they were] until about two weeks after these measures were put in place. Next week I think we’ll have a better idea.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is very reasonable to say that — as we sit here today — we have not seen a big surge in patients,” he said. “We’ve seen a steady increase in patients with respiratory issues coming in. The number hasn’t really decreased, but it hasn’t really spiked or increased in a way that we’ve been able to note.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re always cautiously optimistic,” he said, “and certainly always planning for the worst and hoping for the best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Contra Costa County, the number of cases is “manageable,” says Will Harper, acting communications officer for Contra Costa Health Services, the county’s health department. At Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, a public hospital, there has been no influx of COVID-19 patients to date, he said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Keep in mind, this is happening as we are testing more people. CCRMC is preparing for a surge in the near future, which seems inevitable given what we’ve seen happen elsewhere. But, as of now, we haven’t seen a big surge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harper said there were 12 new coronavirus cases in 6 of 8 hospitals in the county as of Monday, with the other two yet to report. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital in Palo Alto says it’s “caring for a steady number of patients under investigation for COVID-19.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At this time we are not experiencing a spike or surge in the number of suspected or confirmed cases,” Samantha Beal, director of media and public relations, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘We’ll See If These Measures Were Applied in Time’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dean Blumberg, a professor of pediatric infectious diseases at UC Davis, says he’s hopeful the “extreme social distancing measures” implemented in California have been put in place in time to prevent health care systems from being overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Dr. Bob Wachter, UCSF']‘We’ll have a better sense, within the next week, of our ultimate trajectory. But if you look at the curves of the numbers of cases and deaths in New York and compare it to California, it does look like our slope is much more benign than New York.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously, it’s too late in New York because they’re having such a surge in the number of patients,” Blumberg said. “(W)e really won’t know until about two weeks after these measures were put in place. Next week, I think we’ll have a better idea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Should no huge surge in coronavirus patients occur, Blumberg says, it doesn’t mean the unprecedented steps California has taken were unnecessary\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That [would mean] that it worked,” he said. “So it’s kind of like you see an accident coming and you slam on the brakes. If you don’t have the accident, that doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t have slammed on the brakes. I mean, you avoided the accident. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stay Home, Save Lives\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if Bay Area hospitals do not experience a sudden surge in cases in the coming days, officials do not want to see people get lax about the steps they are taking to protect themselves and others. The message from public health officials remains clear: Stay home to save lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At this time we do not have a virus gone wild, but we don’t have anything really effective to treat it besides social distancing and personal hygiene,” said Jeff Smith, county executive officer for Santa Clara, during a Board of Supervisors \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nl-RaKXiKOc\">meeting\u003c/a> Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no vaccination, which is likely to take many, many months, if at all,” he said. “And there is no treatment drug.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Bay Area hospitals have logged a steady rise in the number of patients with COVID-19, but they have — so far — been spared the sudden surge of cases that have overwhelmed emergency rooms in New York.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704847628,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":32,"wordCount":1208},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Hospitals: So Far, Coronavirus Cases Are Manageable. But It's Still Early | KQED","description":"Bay Area hospitals have logged a steady rise in the number of patients with COVID-19, but they have — so far — been spared the sudden surge of cases that have overwhelmed emergency rooms in New York.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Bay Area Hospitals: So Far, Coronavirus Cases Are Manageable. But It's Still Early","datePublished":"2020-03-24T22:39:12.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:47:08.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Coronavirus","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1960000/so-far-coronavirus-cases-are-manageable-say-bay-area-hospitals-but-its-still-early","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The number of confirmed coronavirus cases in California has nearly quadrupled in the past week, from 565 last Monday to more than 2,300, according to the latest counts from California health departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We’ve heard about the tsunami and we’re kind of waiting on the beach to see what happens. We are seeing an increase in cases and nobody should take any of this and say it’s time to go out and party. That is not at all clear, yet.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Bob Wachter, UCSF","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials in San Francisco say the number of patients infected with COVID-19 will only escalate over the next two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am sad to have to say that the worst is yet to come,” said Grant Colfax, the city’s public health chief, at a press conference Monday afternoon. “Every community where the virus has taken hold has seen a surge in coronavirus patients who need to be hospitalized. We expect that to happen in San Francisco in a week or two, or perhaps less.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s major hospitals have logged a steady rise in the number of patients with COVID-19, but they have — so far — been spared the sudden surge of cases\u003cb> \u003c/b>that have overwhelmed emergency rooms in states like New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo says the rate of confirmed cases in that state is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/24/nyregion/coronavirus-new-york-update.html?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-newyork&variant=show®ion=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_newyork#link-4176a53a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">doubling\u003c/a> every three days and he has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/23/nyregion/coronavirus-new-york-update.html#link-7cdbb132\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ordered\u003c/a> hospitals to double their capacity, The New York Times \u003cspan class=\"s2\">reports\u003c/span>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That sort of influx has yet to hit UCSF’s medical system, said Bob Wachter, chair of the university’s department of medicine, on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve heard about the tsunami and we’re kind of waiting on the beach to see what happens,” he said. “We are seeing an increase in cases and nobody should take any of this and say it’s time to go out and party. That is not at all clear, yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wachter confirmed on Tuesday that the number of incoming cases hadn’t yet changed drastically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coronavirus can incubate for two weeks, which means the hospitals are treating individuals who contracted the disease two or even three weeks ago, Wachter says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll have a better sense, within the next week, of our ultimate trajectory. But if you look at the curves of the numbers of cases and deaths in New York and compare it to California, it does look like our slope is much more benign than New York.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1242286233960599554"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Chris Colwell, the medical director of Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, is tracking coronavirus cases closely and has yet to see a “big jump in numbers,” he said Monday, and reiterated Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘(W)e really won’t know [how successful they were] until about two weeks after these measures were put in place. Next week I think we’ll have a better idea.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Dean Blumberg, UC Davis","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is very reasonable to say that — as we sit here today — we have not seen a big surge in patients,” he said. “We’ve seen a steady increase in patients with respiratory issues coming in. The number hasn’t really decreased, but it hasn’t really spiked or increased in a way that we’ve been able to note.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re always cautiously optimistic,” he said, “and certainly always planning for the worst and hoping for the best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Contra Costa County, the number of cases is “manageable,” says Will Harper, acting communications officer for Contra Costa Health Services, the county’s health department. At Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, a public hospital, there has been no influx of COVID-19 patients to date, he said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Keep in mind, this is happening as we are testing more people. CCRMC is preparing for a surge in the near future, which seems inevitable given what we’ve seen happen elsewhere. But, as of now, we haven’t seen a big surge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harper said there were 12 new coronavirus cases in 6 of 8 hospitals in the county as of Monday, with the other two yet to report. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital in Palo Alto says it’s “caring for a steady number of patients under investigation for COVID-19.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At this time we are not experiencing a spike or surge in the number of suspected or confirmed cases,” Samantha Beal, director of media and public relations, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘We’ll See If These Measures Were Applied in Time’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dean Blumberg, a professor of pediatric infectious diseases at UC Davis, says he’s hopeful the “extreme social distancing measures” implemented in California have been put in place in time to prevent health care systems from being overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We’ll have a better sense, within the next week, of our ultimate trajectory. But if you look at the curves of the numbers of cases and deaths in New York and compare it to California, it does look like our slope is much more benign than New York.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Bob Wachter, UCSF","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously, it’s too late in New York because they’re having such a surge in the number of patients,” Blumberg said. “(W)e really won’t know until about two weeks after these measures were put in place. Next week, I think we’ll have a better idea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Should no huge surge in coronavirus patients occur, Blumberg says, it doesn’t mean the unprecedented steps California has taken were unnecessary\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That [would mean] that it worked,” he said. “So it’s kind of like you see an accident coming and you slam on the brakes. If you don’t have the accident, that doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t have slammed on the brakes. I mean, you avoided the accident. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stay Home, Save Lives\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if Bay Area hospitals do not experience a sudden surge in cases in the coming days, officials do not want to see people get lax about the steps they are taking to protect themselves and others. The message from public health officials remains clear: Stay home to save lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At this time we do not have a virus gone wild, but we don’t have anything really effective to treat it besides social distancing and personal hygiene,” said Jeff Smith, county executive officer for Santa Clara, during a Board of Supervisors \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nl-RaKXiKOc\">meeting\u003c/a> Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no vaccination, which is likely to take many, many months, if at all,” he said. “And there is no treatment drug.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1960000/so-far-coronavirus-cases-are-manageable-say-bay-area-hospitals-but-its-still-early","authors":["11608"],"categories":["science_39","science_3890","science_40"],"tags":["science_4329","science_3840","science_4417","science_5155"],"featImg":"science_1960004","label":"source_science_1960000"},"science_1959626":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1959626","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1959626","score":null,"sort":[1584734731000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"coronavirus-whats-it-like-inside-ucsfs-hospital-right-now-this-doctor-is-tweeting-about-it","title":"What's It Like Inside UCSF's Hospital Right Now? Doctor Tweets From the Coronavirus Frontlines","publishDate":1584734731,"format":"aside","headTitle":"What’s It Like Inside UCSF’s Hospital Right Now? Doctor Tweets From the Coronavirus Frontlines | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>A UCSF medical doctor is tweeting daily updates detailing life inside the university hospital system during this coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Wachter, chair of the school’s Department of Medicine, is posting updates using his personal \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Bob_Wachter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">twitter handle\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has mandated that most people stay at home in an effort to slow the spread of the coronavirus, and to protect hospitals from being overwhelmed by an influx of patients who are all sick at once. What happens inside major systems like UCSF’s in the coming weeks could determine how long Californians will need to shelter in place. Wachter’s tweets provide an inside look at the frontlines of the fight against the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody with cough/flu symptoms feels like they have COVID,” he writes. “Yet our positive test rate (we’re testing only patients with symptoms) is just 3-5% – meaning most (patients) don’t have it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another tweet, he writes, “PPE (personal protective equipment) dire, limiting MDs seeing pts (patients) to one (& subbing inpt televisits), no pt visitors, reusing PPE if safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wachter also writes the hospital is doing about 80 tests per day and is hoping to increase that number to 1,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s Wachter’s thread from Thursday, March 19, below. You can also \u003ca href=\"https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1240860128150085632.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">read it on Thread Reader\u003c/a>. You can \u003ca href=\"https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/124037756583\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">read his Day One thread here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Bob_Wachter/status/1240860128150085632?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Bob_Wachter/status/1240860132193361921?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Bob_Wachter/status/1240860133044793346\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Bob_Wachter/status/1240860135909539840?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Bob_Wachter/status/1240860137826308096?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Robert Wachter, chair of the Department of Medicine at UCSF, is tweeting daily updates about the coronavirus from inside the university hospital.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704847639,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":278},"headData":{"title":"What's It Like Inside UCSF's Hospital Right Now? Doctor Tweets From the Coronavirus Frontlines | KQED","description":"Robert Wachter, chair of the Department of Medicine at UCSF, is tweeting daily updates about the coronavirus from inside the university hospital.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"What's It Like Inside UCSF's Hospital Right Now? Doctor Tweets From the Coronavirus Frontlines","datePublished":"2020-03-20T20:05:31.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:47:19.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Coronavirus","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1959626/coronavirus-whats-it-like-inside-ucsfs-hospital-right-now-this-doctor-is-tweeting-about-it","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A UCSF medical doctor is tweeting daily updates detailing life inside the university hospital system during this coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Wachter, chair of the school’s Department of Medicine, is posting updates using his personal \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Bob_Wachter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">twitter handle\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has mandated that most people stay at home in an effort to slow the spread of the coronavirus, and to protect hospitals from being overwhelmed by an influx of patients who are all sick at once. What happens inside major systems like UCSF’s in the coming weeks could determine how long Californians will need to shelter in place. Wachter’s tweets provide an inside look at the frontlines of the fight against the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody with cough/flu symptoms feels like they have COVID,” he writes. “Yet our positive test rate (we’re testing only patients with symptoms) is just 3-5% – meaning most (patients) don’t have it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another tweet, he writes, “PPE (personal protective equipment) dire, limiting MDs seeing pts (patients) to one (& subbing inpt televisits), no pt visitors, reusing PPE if safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wachter also writes the hospital is doing about 80 tests per day and is hoping to increase that number to 1,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s Wachter’s thread from Thursday, March 19, below. You can also \u003ca href=\"https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1240860128150085632.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">read it on Thread Reader\u003c/a>. You can \u003ca href=\"https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/124037756583\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">read his Day One thread here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1240860128150085632"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1240860132193361921"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1240860133044793346"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1240860135909539840"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1240860137826308096"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1959626/coronavirus-whats-it-like-inside-ucsfs-hospital-right-now-this-doctor-is-tweeting-about-it","authors":["11608"],"categories":["science_39","science_3890","science_40"],"tags":["science_4329","science_3840","science_5181","science_5155"],"featImg":"science_1959647","label":"source_science_1959626"},"science_1956936":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1956936","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1956936","score":null,"sort":[1581634200000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"an-outbreak-not-an-epidemic-bay-area-doctors-talk-coronavirus-risks-and-prevention","title":"Bay Area Doctors Talk Coronavirus Risks and Prevention","publishDate":1581634200,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Doctors Talk Coronavirus Risks and Prevention | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956941\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1956941\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Melanie Ott, senior investigator with the Gladstone Institutes, speaks at a panel on the 2019 novel coronavirus on Feb. 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED Science)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Virus experts from the University of California, San Francisco and the Gladstone Institutes research organization gathered recently to update the public about the risks associated with the \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003ci>2019 novel coronavirus\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> that first surfaced in Wuhan City, China and has infected tens of thousands of people worldwide.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>The panel discussion, called “Understanding the Wuhan Coronavirus,” was held Thursday, Feb. 6 at Gladstone’s San Francisco headquarters. Here are some the COVID-19 basics the panelists addressed at the event.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Part of a Large Family of Viruses\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the term “coronavirus” may be new to people in the United States, this strain belongs to a large family of viruses that include the common cold and more serious diseases like \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/emergencies/mers-cov/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/csr/sars/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Warner Greene, director of Gladstone’s Center for HIV Cure Research, said, “10 to 30 percent of colds are caused by one form or another of a coronavirus\u003ci>.\u003c/i>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the preliminary research shows that this virus may spread more easily among humans than SARS or MERS, but it appears to be less lethal. Researchers estimate the mortality rate of COVID-19 at about 2 percent, compared with about 9 percent for SARS and more than 30 percent for MERS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene added that it’s still too early to know this for sure because the data are “rapidly evolving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>My message,” he said, “is that this is an outbreak. It’s not an epidemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other panelists said \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">influenza\u003c/a> poses a greater threat to public health compared to this novel coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In general, around 35,000 people die every year of the seasonal flu,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this flu season, the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/burden/preliminary-in-season-estimates.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates\u003c/a> that more than 20 million people in the United States have contracted influenza, and more than 10,000 have died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only 15 people in the U.S. have so far tested positive for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Tracking the Virus\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have traced COVID-19, and viruses like it, to bats. Animal-to-human transmission, however, typically occurs through a secondary host. Scientists have traced the MERS outbreak to palm civets (a cat-like mammal), and SARS to camels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene said public health experts don’t yet know the secondary host for this strain of coronavirus, but they believe the outbreak began at a seafood market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Charles Chiu, director of the UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, said the initial animal-to-human transmission likely occurred in late November or early December of 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since then, there’s been no evidence of ongoing animal-to-human transmission events. All of the outbreak has essentially been sustained by human to human transmission,” Chiu said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Panelists said a shortage of samples has limited their research. Chiu said scientists do have access to at least 60 genome sequences of the strain from different patients. From these sequences, scientists have discovered only seven mutations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The virus, in general, is not regarded as a very fast mutating virus. This is unlike other viruses that we have that can adapt very fast,” said Dr. Melanie Ott, a senior investigator with the Gladstone Institutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may be a boon to researchers working on vaccines and treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Containing the Outbreak\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At present there is no cure or vaccine specific to COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott said at least three companies have publicly announced the development of a vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Interest in making a vaccine is very high currently,” she said, “… either with a DNA and RNA, or with a nanoparticle vaccine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott added that physicians are in the process of testing antiviral drugs for the flu, HIV, MERS and ebola in patients with COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers with the National Institutes of Health’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-officials-discuss-novel-coronavirus-recently-emerged-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases\u003c/a> say vaccine candidates could be available for human testing in about three months. But it will likely take about a year to complete validation and safety evaluations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene said public health measures hold the key to containing the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“SARS was not controlled by medicines or a vaccine. It was controlled by public health interventions, tracking infections, limiting contact of infected individuals with others. And certainly in the absence of appropriate vaccines and and highly active drugs, that’s exactly what will be undertaken here,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that a strain on resources is the big challenge for health officials in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We now see or are hearing reports that in Wuhan that there are sick individuals who are wandering from hospital to hospital trying to get care. They’re running out of supplies. The medical system is completely stressed,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike the the more pervasive flu, he said, this novel coronavirus doesn’t have “the same type of seasonality,” meaning, once contained, it likely won’t resurface each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Masks Not Generally Recommended\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC doesn’t recommend masks for most people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Medical personnel in close contact caring for patients with chronic viruses should take all precautions. But in terms of day-to-day interactions, hand-washing is far more effective,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC does recommend masks for patients with the virus, people in their households and hospital staff treating them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>The final message I think we want,” Greene said, “is we should be watchful…we should follow this outbreak, but we should be secure in the fact that the apocalypse is not upon us. This is a viral outbreak that is running its course now.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Virus experts from the University of California, San Francisco and the Gladstone Institutes gathered recently to update the public about the risks associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704847777,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":38,"wordCount":986},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Doctors Talk Coronavirus Risks and Prevention | KQED","description":"Virus experts from the University of California, San Francisco and the Gladstone Institutes gathered recently to update the public about the risks associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Bay Area Doctors Talk Coronavirus Risks and Prevention","datePublished":"2020-02-13T22:50:00.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:49:37.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Public Health","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1956936/an-outbreak-not-an-epidemic-bay-area-doctors-talk-coronavirus-risks-and-prevention","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956941\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1956941\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/IMG_6156.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Melanie Ott, senior investigator with the Gladstone Institutes, speaks at a panel on the 2019 novel coronavirus on Feb. 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED Science)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Virus experts from the University of California, San Francisco and the Gladstone Institutes research organization gathered recently to update the public about the risks associated with the \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003ci>2019 novel coronavirus\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> that first surfaced in Wuhan City, China and has infected tens of thousands of people worldwide.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>The panel discussion, called “Understanding the Wuhan Coronavirus,” was held Thursday, Feb. 6 at Gladstone’s San Francisco headquarters. Here are some the COVID-19 basics the panelists addressed at the event.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Part of a Large Family of Viruses\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the term “coronavirus” may be new to people in the United States, this strain belongs to a large family of viruses that include the common cold and more serious diseases like \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/emergencies/mers-cov/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/csr/sars/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Warner Greene, director of Gladstone’s Center for HIV Cure Research, said, “10 to 30 percent of colds are caused by one form or another of a coronavirus\u003ci>.\u003c/i>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the preliminary research shows that this virus may spread more easily among humans than SARS or MERS, but it appears to be less lethal. Researchers estimate the mortality rate of COVID-19 at about 2 percent, compared with about 9 percent for SARS and more than 30 percent for MERS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene added that it’s still too early to know this for sure because the data are “rapidly evolving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>My message,” he said, “is that this is an outbreak. It’s not an epidemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other panelists said \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">influenza\u003c/a> poses a greater threat to public health compared to this novel coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In general, around 35,000 people die every year of the seasonal flu,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this flu season, the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/burden/preliminary-in-season-estimates.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates\u003c/a> that more than 20 million people in the United States have contracted influenza, and more than 10,000 have died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only 15 people in the U.S. have so far tested positive for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Tracking the Virus\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have traced COVID-19, and viruses like it, to bats. Animal-to-human transmission, however, typically occurs through a secondary host. Scientists have traced the MERS outbreak to palm civets (a cat-like mammal), and SARS to camels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene said public health experts don’t yet know the secondary host for this strain of coronavirus, but they believe the outbreak began at a seafood market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Charles Chiu, director of the UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, said the initial animal-to-human transmission likely occurred in late November or early December of 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since then, there’s been no evidence of ongoing animal-to-human transmission events. All of the outbreak has essentially been sustained by human to human transmission,” Chiu said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Panelists said a shortage of samples has limited their research. Chiu said scientists do have access to at least 60 genome sequences of the strain from different patients. From these sequences, scientists have discovered only seven mutations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The virus, in general, is not regarded as a very fast mutating virus. This is unlike other viruses that we have that can adapt very fast,” said Dr. Melanie Ott, a senior investigator with the Gladstone Institutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may be a boon to researchers working on vaccines and treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Containing the Outbreak\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At present there is no cure or vaccine specific to COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott said at least three companies have publicly announced the development of a vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Interest in making a vaccine is very high currently,” she said, “… either with a DNA and RNA, or with a nanoparticle vaccine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ott added that physicians are in the process of testing antiviral drugs for the flu, HIV, MERS and ebola in patients with COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers with the National Institutes of Health’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-officials-discuss-novel-coronavirus-recently-emerged-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases\u003c/a> say vaccine candidates could be available for human testing in about three months. But it will likely take about a year to complete validation and safety evaluations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greene said public health measures hold the key to containing the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“SARS was not controlled by medicines or a vaccine. It was controlled by public health interventions, tracking infections, limiting contact of infected individuals with others. And certainly in the absence of appropriate vaccines and and highly active drugs, that’s exactly what will be undertaken here,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that a strain on resources is the big challenge for health officials in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We now see or are hearing reports that in Wuhan that there are sick individuals who are wandering from hospital to hospital trying to get care. They’re running out of supplies. The medical system is completely stressed,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike the the more pervasive flu, he said, this novel coronavirus doesn’t have “the same type of seasonality,” meaning, once contained, it likely won’t resurface each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Masks Not Generally Recommended\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC doesn’t recommend masks for most people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Medical personnel in close contact caring for patients with chronic viruses should take all precautions. But in terms of day-to-day interactions, hand-washing is far more effective,” Greene said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC does recommend masks for patients with the virus, people in their households and hospital staff treating them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>“\u003c/i>The final message I think we want,” Greene said, “is we should be watchful…we should follow this outbreak, but we should be secure in the fact that the apocalypse is not upon us. This is a viral outbreak that is running its course now.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1956936/an-outbreak-not-an-epidemic-bay-area-doctors-talk-coronavirus-risks-and-prevention","authors":["11368"],"categories":["science_30","science_39","science_3890","science_40"],"tags":["science_4329","science_4368","science_3370","science_4277","science_5155"],"featImg":"science_1956941","label":"source_science_1956936"},"science_1946718":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1946718","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1946718","score":null,"sort":[1566838897000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"ucsf-gets-new-money-to-study-the-galaxies-within-you-your-microbes","title":"UCSF Gets New Money to Study the 'Galaxies' Within You (Your Microbes)","publishDate":1566838897,"format":"audio","headTitle":"UCSF Gets New Money to Study the ‘Galaxies’ Within You (Your Microbes) | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Trillions of tiny organisms live in and on the human body. In our guts, on our skin, and in our noses. Scientists are finding that bacteria and other microbes that colonize us don’t just make us sick, they might make us well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month two Bay Area universities received a huge financial boost to study them. Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff and his wife have given \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/2019/08/13/stanford-launches-major-effort-harness-microbiome-treat-disease/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$10 million\u003c/a> to Stanford University, and another \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2019/06/414781/gift-launches-new-ucsf-benioff-center-microbiome-medicine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$25 million\u003c/a> to the University of California at San Francisco for research about the human microbiome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]Different microbial galaxies exist in your mouth, lower gastrointestinal tract, and on your skin.[/pullquote]Susan Lynch will direct the \u003ca href=\"https://microbiome.ucsf.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Benioff Center for Microbiome Medicine\u003c/a> at UCSF. She spoke with KQED’s Michelle Wiley about advancements in the field and what the new funding will mean for her work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following excerpts have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Microbes — what are they, and why are they important?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microbes are among the oldest living life forms on the planet, and they’re incredibly successful. They populate every niche you can imagine across this planet, including humans. And we are, essentially, a super organism. We house a whole range and diversity of microbes within the human body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could think of us like a microbial universe. There’s different microbial galaxies that exist in the mouth, in the lower gastrointestinal tract, and on the skin. And these microbes are not quiescent. They interact with each other, and they interact with the host. And they produce a range of bio-active molecules that shape how our cells actually function. And this is why, we’re now beginning to understand, they influence human health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>This field didn’t really exist a couple of decades ago. How has research about the microbiome evolved since you joined the field?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Traditionally we plucked individual microbes out of a sample, and studied them under feast conditions in media — where they could eat as much as they liked — in the lab. And that is not necessarily how these microbes exist in nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are highly social, they interact with each other, they compete with each other, they collaborate with each other. It’s really with the advent of sequencing technologies in the field over the last 10 years that we now have the capacity to examine them, using DNA and genes, and with other platforms like mass spectrometry, to understand the types and diversity of microbes that exist in the human host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What kinds of illnesses could be helped by understanding microbes better?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list keeps expanding. But diseases that we can definitively link to perturbations and molecular productivity of microbes, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31404299\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">autism\u003c/a> spectrum disorder, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31332384\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">allergies and asthma\u003c/a> for example, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6314516/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inflammatory\u003c/a> bowel disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Speaking of asthma and allergies, some \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-019-0498-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent work\u003c/a> you did looked at gut bacteria and babies a month old. You found that what’s in a baby’s gut can predict whether they are vulnerable to asthma and allergies as they grow up.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/352304/can-probiotics-help-your-depression-what-we-know-what-we-dont\">Can Probiotics Help Your Depression? What We Know, What We Don’t\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>We examined a very large cohort of one-month-old babies, and we set out with the idea that they’re not all the same, microbiologically. And different gut microbiomes in distinct subsets of babies may give rise to different types of immune development. And that’s exactly what we found. We found one small group of babies that had a very distinct gut microbiome that were at significantly higher risk of developing allergies and asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We dug down a little deeper, and we now understand some of the microbial products and mechanisms by which these children are at higher risk of developing disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you need to do to make this promising early research even more useful to the public?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[emailsignup newslettername='science' align='right']We need definitive data that allows us to get at the mechanisms by which microbes shape, for example, immune function in early life in, a manner that relates to disease development. Good experimentation, and particularly observations in humans, are very large and complex studies that will require quite a lot of time, and quite a lot of expertise. So translating findings may take a little time, but I agree that there’s incredible promise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the most important work that a gift of this size lets you do?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The microbiome field specifically requires that you collaborate. We cannot examine microbes by themselves, we need to understand how they interact with the immune system, how they act across large human populations, so it simply requires integration of a number of different disciplines. This allows us to bring together the incredible community of microbiome researchers across the UCSF campus to accelerate discovery and translation of our findings into real world solutions for the diseases that our patients suffer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Our bodies are homes to living worlds of microbes that can play a role in keeping us well, or making us sick, in ways that researchers are just beginning to understand. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848374,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":824},"headData":{"title":"UCSF Gets New Money to Study the 'Galaxies' Within You (Your Microbes) | KQED","description":"Our bodies are homes to living worlds of microbes that can play a role in keeping us well, or making us sick, in ways that researchers are just beginning to understand. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"UCSF Gets New Money to Study the 'Galaxies' Within You (Your Microbes)","datePublished":"2019-08-26T17:01:37.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:59:34.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Microbes","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2019/08/2wayMicrobiome.mp3","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1946718/ucsf-gets-new-money-to-study-the-galaxies-within-you-your-microbes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Trillions of tiny organisms live in and on the human body. In our guts, on our skin, and in our noses. Scientists are finding that bacteria and other microbes that colonize us don’t just make us sick, they might make us well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month two Bay Area universities received a huge financial boost to study them. Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff and his wife have given \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/2019/08/13/stanford-launches-major-effort-harness-microbiome-treat-disease/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$10 million\u003c/a> to Stanford University, and another \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2019/06/414781/gift-launches-new-ucsf-benioff-center-microbiome-medicine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$25 million\u003c/a> to the University of California at San Francisco for research about the human microbiome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"Different microbial galaxies exist in your mouth, lower gastrointestinal tract, and on your skin.","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Susan Lynch will direct the \u003ca href=\"https://microbiome.ucsf.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Benioff Center for Microbiome Medicine\u003c/a> at UCSF. She spoke with KQED’s Michelle Wiley about advancements in the field and what the new funding will mean for her work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following excerpts have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Microbes — what are they, and why are they important?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microbes are among the oldest living life forms on the planet, and they’re incredibly successful. They populate every niche you can imagine across this planet, including humans. And we are, essentially, a super organism. We house a whole range and diversity of microbes within the human body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could think of us like a microbial universe. There’s different microbial galaxies that exist in the mouth, in the lower gastrointestinal tract, and on the skin. And these microbes are not quiescent. They interact with each other, and they interact with the host. And they produce a range of bio-active molecules that shape how our cells actually function. And this is why, we’re now beginning to understand, they influence human health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>This field didn’t really exist a couple of decades ago. How has research about the microbiome evolved since you joined the field?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Traditionally we plucked individual microbes out of a sample, and studied them under feast conditions in media — where they could eat as much as they liked — in the lab. And that is not necessarily how these microbes exist in nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are highly social, they interact with each other, they compete with each other, they collaborate with each other. It’s really with the advent of sequencing technologies in the field over the last 10 years that we now have the capacity to examine them, using DNA and genes, and with other platforms like mass spectrometry, to understand the types and diversity of microbes that exist in the human host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What kinds of illnesses could be helped by understanding microbes better?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list keeps expanding. But diseases that we can definitively link to perturbations and molecular productivity of microbes, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31404299\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">autism\u003c/a> spectrum disorder, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31332384\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">allergies and asthma\u003c/a> for example, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6314516/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inflammatory\u003c/a> bowel disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Speaking of asthma and allergies, some \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-019-0498-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent work\u003c/a> you did looked at gut bacteria and babies a month old. You found that what’s in a baby’s gut can predict whether they are vulnerable to asthma and allergies as they grow up.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/352304/can-probiotics-help-your-depression-what-we-know-what-we-dont\">Can Probiotics Help Your Depression? What We Know, What We Don’t\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>We examined a very large cohort of one-month-old babies, and we set out with the idea that they’re not all the same, microbiologically. And different gut microbiomes in distinct subsets of babies may give rise to different types of immune development. And that’s exactly what we found. We found one small group of babies that had a very distinct gut microbiome that were at significantly higher risk of developing allergies and asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We dug down a little deeper, and we now understand some of the microbial products and mechanisms by which these children are at higher risk of developing disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you need to do to make this promising early research even more useful to the public?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"emailsignup","attributes":{"named":{"newslettername":"science","align":"right","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>We need definitive data that allows us to get at the mechanisms by which microbes shape, for example, immune function in early life in, a manner that relates to disease development. Good experimentation, and particularly observations in humans, are very large and complex studies that will require quite a lot of time, and quite a lot of expertise. So translating findings may take a little time, but I agree that there’s incredible promise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the most important work that a gift of this size lets you do?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The microbiome field specifically requires that you collaborate. We cannot examine microbes by themselves, we need to understand how they interact with the immune system, how they act across large human populations, so it simply requires integration of a number of different disciplines. This allows us to bring together the incredible community of microbiome researchers across the UCSF campus to accelerate discovery and translation of our findings into real world solutions for the diseases that our patients suffer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1946718/ucsf-gets-new-money-to-study-the-galaxies-within-you-your-microbes","authors":["6387"],"categories":["science_30","science_40"],"tags":["science_3370","science_5187","science_5155"],"featImg":"science_1946720","label":"source_science_1946718"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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