Farmers Are Supposed to Consider Safer Alternatives to Toxic Pesticides. UCLA Report Says That’s Not Working Out Well
9th Circuit Court Could Make EPA Ban Toxic Pesticide
California Recommends Ending Use of Chlorpyrifos on Most Crops
70 Percent of Fruit and Vegetables in the U.S. Contain Pesticide Residue, Says Report
State Wins Appeal Affirming Roundup Listing as Probable Carcinogen
US Judge Blocks Weed-Killer Warning Label in California
Volunteer Regulators Banned a Monsanto Pesticide. So the Company Sued Each and Every One of Them
Government Scientists Say A Controversial Pesticide Is Killing Endangered Salmon
California Adds Atrazine to List of Toxic Chemicals, But No Ban
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UCLA Report Says That’s Not Working Out Well","publishDate":1553065283,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Farmers Are Supposed to Consider Safer Alternatives to Toxic Pesticides. UCLA Report Says That’s Not Working Out Well | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Just under 200 million pounds of pesticides a year are used on California’s crops. When it comes to using them safely, 56 county agricultural officers are local communities final line of defense. But a new report produced at UCLA suggests that a lack of guidance for county agricultural offices in considering alternatives or cumulative impacts for toxic exposures, may be putting people at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Many of these counties are really committed to doing good work. … But we can ask too much of them and I think they need additional resources coming from the state level to allow them to do good work at the local level.’\u003ccite>Tim Malloy, UCLA law professor\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Many of these counties are really committed to doing good work in terms of oversight and inspection,” says Tim Malloy, a professor of law at UCLA and the report’s lead author. “But we can ask too much of them and I think they need additional resources coming from the state level to allow them to do good work at the local level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even around densely populated, urbanized parts of California like the Bay Area, agricultural land abuts homes and schools. In Sonoma and Napa counties, on the Peninsula, and in Santa Cruz and Monterey, people who farm lands, who live near them, and who go to neighboring schools risk exposure to pesticides and fumigants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California first established a regulatory scheme for pesticides in 1901, making the state a uniquely independent watchdog. When the state’s oversight of pesticides diverges from that of the federal government, as with chlorpyrifos — a neurotoxin used on pests to citrus and almond crops — it draws national attention. UCLA’s analysis used permitting for chlorpyrifos as a test case to analyze how ag officers consider alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s chlorpyrifos, and what do we know about its risks? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlorpyrifos is a neurotoxin, first produced by the Dow Chemical Company in 1965, that’s meant to disrupt the nervous system of insects by inhibiting production of an enzyme. Mounting evidence concludes that whether touched, tasted, or eaten, it’s dangerous to humans as well. Most often, people consume tiny, tiny amounts of it as residue on vegetables and fruit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agricultural workers are most at risk of coming into contact with it, and so are their children: the pesticide makes its way into homes and house dust via clothing and shoes. Chlorpyrifos is blamed for harming babies’ brains. One 2016 Environmental Protection Agency concluded that no known safe level of human exposure exists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who’s in charge of deciding where and how pesticides can be used on California cropland? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manufacturers must register pesticides at the state level, with the Department of Pesticide Regulation. People who want to use pesticides on their land apply for annual permits from county agricultural officers, and then seek approval on a case-by-case basis throughout the year. Some pesticides are best applied when trees aren’t leafed out, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics, including UCLA’s Malloy, argue that DPR should consider alternatives when registering new products. But in the past, state officials have argued that considering alternatives isn’t necessary where it’s possible to mitigate harmful effects — like if pesticide application can keep a greater distance between crops and people, or if certain equipment is used that minimizes the distance pesticides can travel on wind beyond the intended targets. And the state has said that county officials can look at specific conditions— like weather, landscape, time of year, risks to surrounding areas — most effectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939399\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1939399\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers from the California Department of Food and Agriculture spray insecticide on citrus trees found to have Asian Citrus Psyllid in Whittier, California. \u003ccite>(ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does pesticide approval actually work at the local level, when it comes to considering alternatives that may be less dangerous?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s guidance generally says that considering safer alternatives comes after seeing whether there are safer ways to use the pesticide under consideration. According to county officials and the UCLA analysis, local officials each interpret that guidance a little differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, two pests to almond orchards have just one well-known pesticide enemy that can eradicate them: chlorpyrifos. So, while its use carries risks, a farmer may still want to use it. Some agricultural officials say they ask for proof that the stubborn pests are present before they permit chlorpyrifos application. Some don’t. Records reviewed by the UCLA team don’t describe either method of judgment in detail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some county officials say that they’re averse to recommending alternatives. Juan Hidalgo, agricultural commissioner for Santa Cruz County, says it’s not his job to recommend specific alternatives by brand name.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11675165/santa-cruz-county-penalizes-firms-in-pesticide-incident-that-sickened-15-workers\">Santa Cruz County Penalizes Firms in Pesticide Incident That Sickened 15 Workers\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11675165/santa-cruz-county-penalizes-firms-in-pesticide-incident-that-sickened-15-workers\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/GettyImages-823604062-1180x758.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The case was one of several pesticide incidents that sickened 150 agricultural employees in the Central Coast and Central Valley last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Pesticide reform advocates have lobbied local officials to consider more safer alternatives. Sarait Martinez, who seeks to limit toxic pesticide use in Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties, says she and a group of more than three dozen activists had an unsuccessful encounter with a deputy ag commissioner in Monterey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He said in that meeting that it would be against the law to ask growers to use alternatives,” she says. (A call to Monterey County about the meeting was unreturned.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics to the current system argue that, because every alternative is going to have certain tradeoffs associated with its use, systematic recordkeeping about how alternatives are judged would help better establish the value of the alternatives themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that ought to be the same within a county and across counties,” says UCLA’s Malloy, “so we don’t have different levels of protection for folks depending on where they live or how aggressive their particular county commissioner is with respect to alternatives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do state and local officials justify their permitting of pesticides like chlorpyrifos?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to chlorpyrifos specifically, its use in California has already dropped nearly in half since 2006. The Department of Pesticide Regulation tightened up guidance this year for chlorpyrifos permitting. In Santa Cruz County, ag commissioner Juan Hidalgo says no active permits enable use of chlorpyrifos in 2019. He and other ag commissioners say its days are numbered in the state, despite the fact that the federal EPA rolled back an effort begun during the Obama Administration to enact a national ban. (That dispute is now in the courts.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Malloy stresses that chlorpyrifos is just one pesticide, and that others need consideration of alternatives too. “The issue with alternatives is, if you’re not actively looking for them, then you don’t have a set of incentives that are going to lead to the diffusion of safer alternatives over time,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Pesticide Regulations, whose chief stepped down unexpectedly in January, defends its current practices. In a statement, spokeswoman Charlotte Fadipe says:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>DPR continue[s] to engage with the County Ag Commissioners in developing guidance on the availability of other active ingredients for an alternative analysts, and keeps them informed on any update in the scientific justifications for mitigation of specific active ingredients. The scientific literature and guidance for assessing cumulative effects is still relatively new and has not been fully vetted, however DPR ensures that our scientists are kept abreast of the most current science on that issue. As new and innovative scientific protocols become available DPR will assess the feasibly of those recommendations in the regulatory program.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>California’s trade association for agricultural officers, CACASA, places the responsibility for determining pesticide safety firmly in the hands of state and federal governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“County agricultural commissioners follow the guidance and mitigations directed by EPA and DPR and may also require additional mitigations based on site specific conditions,” says Sandy Elles of the California Agricultural Commissioners and Sealers Association, in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, legislators may determine the fate of chlorpyrifos. Maria Elena Durazo, a state senator from East Los Angeles, has introduced legislation to ban chlorpyrifos in California. The first hearing on the bill is scheduled for April 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Counties in California bear a lot of responsibility for watchdogging pesticides, but a new report suggests they’re not getting the guidance they need from the state, and that could make people less safe. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848780,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1398},"headData":{"title":"Farmers Are Supposed to Consider Safer Alternatives to Toxic Pesticides. UCLA Report Says That’s Not Working Out Well | KQED","description":"Counties in California bear a lot of responsibility for watchdogging pesticides, but a new report suggests they’re not getting the guidance they need from the state, and that could make people less safe. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Farmers Are Supposed to Consider Safer Alternatives to Toxic Pesticides. UCLA Report Says That’s Not Working Out Well","datePublished":"2019-03-20T07:01:23.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T01:06:20.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Pesticides","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2019/03/Peterson2wayPesticidesReport.mp3","sticky":false,"audioTrackLength":299,"path":"/science/1939353/farmers-are-supposed-to-consider-safer-alternatives-to-toxic-pesticides-ucla-report-says-thats-not-working-out-well","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Just under 200 million pounds of pesticides a year are used on California’s crops. When it comes to using them safely, 56 county agricultural officers are local communities final line of defense. But a new report produced at UCLA suggests that a lack of guidance for county agricultural offices in considering alternatives or cumulative impacts for toxic exposures, may be putting people at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Many of these counties are really committed to doing good work. … But we can ask too much of them and I think they need additional resources coming from the state level to allow them to do good work at the local level.’\u003ccite>Tim Malloy, UCLA law professor\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Many of these counties are really committed to doing good work in terms of oversight and inspection,” says Tim Malloy, a professor of law at UCLA and the report’s lead author. “But we can ask too much of them and I think they need additional resources coming from the state level to allow them to do good work at the local level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even around densely populated, urbanized parts of California like the Bay Area, agricultural land abuts homes and schools. In Sonoma and Napa counties, on the Peninsula, and in Santa Cruz and Monterey, people who farm lands, who live near them, and who go to neighboring schools risk exposure to pesticides and fumigants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California first established a regulatory scheme for pesticides in 1901, making the state a uniquely independent watchdog. When the state’s oversight of pesticides diverges from that of the federal government, as with chlorpyrifos — a neurotoxin used on pests to citrus and almond crops — it draws national attention. UCLA’s analysis used permitting for chlorpyrifos as a test case to analyze how ag officers consider alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s chlorpyrifos, and what do we know about its risks? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlorpyrifos is a neurotoxin, first produced by the Dow Chemical Company in 1965, that’s meant to disrupt the nervous system of insects by inhibiting production of an enzyme. Mounting evidence concludes that whether touched, tasted, or eaten, it’s dangerous to humans as well. Most often, people consume tiny, tiny amounts of it as residue on vegetables and fruit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agricultural workers are most at risk of coming into contact with it, and so are their children: the pesticide makes its way into homes and house dust via clothing and shoes. Chlorpyrifos is blamed for harming babies’ brains. One 2016 Environmental Protection Agency concluded that no known safe level of human exposure exists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who’s in charge of deciding where and how pesticides can be used on California cropland? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manufacturers must register pesticides at the state level, with the Department of Pesticide Regulation. People who want to use pesticides on their land apply for annual permits from county agricultural officers, and then seek approval on a case-by-case basis throughout the year. Some pesticides are best applied when trees aren’t leafed out, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics, including UCLA’s Malloy, argue that DPR should consider alternatives when registering new products. But in the past, state officials have argued that considering alternatives isn’t necessary where it’s possible to mitigate harmful effects — like if pesticide application can keep a greater distance between crops and people, or if certain equipment is used that minimizes the distance pesticides can travel on wind beyond the intended targets. And the state has said that county officials can look at specific conditions— like weather, landscape, time of year, risks to surrounding areas — most effectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939399\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1939399\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/GettyImages-953997294.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers from the California Department of Food and Agriculture spray insecticide on citrus trees found to have Asian Citrus Psyllid in Whittier, California. \u003ccite>(ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does pesticide approval actually work at the local level, when it comes to considering alternatives that may be less dangerous?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s guidance generally says that considering safer alternatives comes after seeing whether there are safer ways to use the pesticide under consideration. According to county officials and the UCLA analysis, local officials each interpret that guidance a little differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, two pests to almond orchards have just one well-known pesticide enemy that can eradicate them: chlorpyrifos. So, while its use carries risks, a farmer may still want to use it. Some agricultural officials say they ask for proof that the stubborn pests are present before they permit chlorpyrifos application. Some don’t. Records reviewed by the UCLA team don’t describe either method of judgment in detail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some county officials say that they’re averse to recommending alternatives. Juan Hidalgo, agricultural commissioner for Santa Cruz County, says it’s not his job to recommend specific alternatives by brand name.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11675165/santa-cruz-county-penalizes-firms-in-pesticide-incident-that-sickened-15-workers\">Santa Cruz County Penalizes Firms in Pesticide Incident That Sickened 15 Workers\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11675165/santa-cruz-county-penalizes-firms-in-pesticide-incident-that-sickened-15-workers\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/GettyImages-823604062-1180x758.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The case was one of several pesticide incidents that sickened 150 agricultural employees in the Central Coast and Central Valley last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Pesticide reform advocates have lobbied local officials to consider more safer alternatives. Sarait Martinez, who seeks to limit toxic pesticide use in Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties, says she and a group of more than three dozen activists had an unsuccessful encounter with a deputy ag commissioner in Monterey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He said in that meeting that it would be against the law to ask growers to use alternatives,” she says. (A call to Monterey County about the meeting was unreturned.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics to the current system argue that, because every alternative is going to have certain tradeoffs associated with its use, systematic recordkeeping about how alternatives are judged would help better establish the value of the alternatives themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that ought to be the same within a county and across counties,” says UCLA’s Malloy, “so we don’t have different levels of protection for folks depending on where they live or how aggressive their particular county commissioner is with respect to alternatives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do state and local officials justify their permitting of pesticides like chlorpyrifos?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to chlorpyrifos specifically, its use in California has already dropped nearly in half since 2006. The Department of Pesticide Regulation tightened up guidance this year for chlorpyrifos permitting. In Santa Cruz County, ag commissioner Juan Hidalgo says no active permits enable use of chlorpyrifos in 2019. He and other ag commissioners say its days are numbered in the state, despite the fact that the federal EPA rolled back an effort begun during the Obama Administration to enact a national ban. (That dispute is now in the courts.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Malloy stresses that chlorpyrifos is just one pesticide, and that others need consideration of alternatives too. “The issue with alternatives is, if you’re not actively looking for them, then you don’t have a set of incentives that are going to lead to the diffusion of safer alternatives over time,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Pesticide Regulations, whose chief stepped down unexpectedly in January, defends its current practices. In a statement, spokeswoman Charlotte Fadipe says:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>DPR continue[s] to engage with the County Ag Commissioners in developing guidance on the availability of other active ingredients for an alternative analysts, and keeps them informed on any update in the scientific justifications for mitigation of specific active ingredients. The scientific literature and guidance for assessing cumulative effects is still relatively new and has not been fully vetted, however DPR ensures that our scientists are kept abreast of the most current science on that issue. As new and innovative scientific protocols become available DPR will assess the feasibly of those recommendations in the regulatory program.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>California’s trade association for agricultural officers, CACASA, places the responsibility for determining pesticide safety firmly in the hands of state and federal governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“County agricultural commissioners follow the guidance and mitigations directed by EPA and DPR and may also require additional mitigations based on site specific conditions,” says Sandy Elles of the California Agricultural Commissioners and Sealers Association, in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, legislators may determine the fate of chlorpyrifos. Maria Elena Durazo, a state senator from East Los Angeles, has introduced legislation to ban chlorpyrifos in California. The first hearing on the bill is scheduled for April 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1939353/farmers-are-supposed-to-consider-safer-alternatives-to-toxic-pesticides-ucla-report-says-thats-not-working-out-well","authors":["11223"],"categories":["science_29","science_40"],"tags":["science_3841","science_392","science_521","science_3830"],"featImg":"science_1939355","label":"source_science_1939353"},"science_1938485":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1938485","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1938485","score":null,"sort":[1551299971000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"9th-circuit-court-could-make-epa-ban-toxic-pesticide","title":"9th Circuit Court Could Make EPA Ban Toxic Pesticide","publishDate":1551299971,"format":"standard","headTitle":"9th Circuit Court Could Make EPA Ban Toxic Pesticide | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Eric Perez and his wife, Mari, live with their five children in the Wenatchee Valley in central Washington state. Their house is just feet from an orchard. A couple of years ago, the kids were having an Easter egg hunt in the yard when they smelled something “plasticky,” Perez remembers — like “rotten eggs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez says they realized the orchard must have been sprayed while the family was away for their Easter lunch.[contextly_sidebar id=”8xy4ziZR6lxYJeZXgfWEDHlXJXjI2x6Z”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez says they got stomachaches, started throwing up and having trouble breathing and got diarrhea and scratchy throats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we all went to the doctor,” he remembers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington’s Department of Agriculture investigated and found evidence that a pesticide called chlorpyrifos had drifted onto the Perez’s property from the neighboring orchard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crops like apples, corn, soybeans and Christmas trees are sprayed with chlorpyrifos. The Environmental Protection Agency decided to phase the popular pesticide out of household use back in 2000, but it’s still allowed in agriculture.\u003ca href=\"https://www.law360.com/foodbeverage/articles/1126615/full-9th-circ-to-reconsider-forcing-epa-action-on-pesticide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Now\u003c/a>, the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals will decide whether the EPA has to ban it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When chlorpyrifos drifts onto farmworkers and rural residents, the immediate symptoms can include “nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, muscle weakness, muscle twitching, coughing, wheezing,” says \u003ca href=\"https://deohs.washington.edu/faculty/fenske_richard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Fenske\u003c/a>, a University of Washington professor who has studied the chemical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For babies and children, the pesticide can be even more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are developmental effects in children and in the fetus during pregnancy,” he says. “We may see slower learning, not making progress in school as quickly as other students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, children with more chlorpyrifos in their blood at birth and in early childhood scored lower on memory, verbal comprehension and reasoning tests. They also had lower IQs and higher rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and impulsive behavior than children exposed to less chlorpyrifos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EPA scientists \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/03/29/521898976/will-the-epa-reject-a-pesticide-or-its-own-scientific-evidence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recommended a total ban\u003c/a> on the chemical. But in March 2017, President Trump’s new EPA administrator at the time, Scott Pruitt, decided against that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of environmental and farmworkers organizations that want a total ban sued the EPA. Last August, a three-judge panel ruled 2-1 that the EPA had to ban chlorpyrifos. But the EPA appealed that decision, and now the full 9th Circuit is reconsidering the ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers applaud that decision, saying they need chlorpyrifos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Gilbert is a fifth-generation farmer in Yakima, Washington. He grows apples and other tree fruit. He says he sometimes uses chlorpyrifos in his orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will primarily go after a pest called scale,” Gilbert says. “Scale irritates the skin of the apple and creates bright red spots on it. It would look like it had the measles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Scale, in particular, if left unchecked can kill your tree,” says \u003ca href=\"http://www.tfrec.wsu.edu/pages/ebeers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Betsy Beers\u003c/a>, an entomologist at Washington State University who studies pest management. “So it is something that growers have to take very seriously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not just apple growers use chlorpyrifos. Christmas tree farmers also depend on the chemical; they use it to kill aphids, which can leave trees black, gnarled and pretty much unsellable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beers says there are alternatives to chlorpyrifos, but they’re more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t count on there being an effective replacement coming anytime soon,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear how much chlorpyrifos residue remains on fruit and Christmas trees when they reach consumers. One study found chlorpyrifos derivatives in the urine of kids who eat produce that is not labeled organic. But there’s no evidence linking that level of exposure to actual harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Wenatchee Valley, Eric Perez got tired of the pesticide blowing over onto his house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I saw my kids go to the doctor so many times,” he says. “I failed them as a parent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wishes he had said or done more, sooner, to keep the chemical away from his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year and a half ago, in September 2017, he bought the orchard next to his house. Now it’s farmed organically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 9th Circuit is scheduled to hear oral arguments in the case against the EPA on March 25.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tony Schick of Oregon Public Broadcasting contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kuow.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KUOW\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Chlorpyrifos has been linked to developmental delays in kids and other health problems. The EPA is fighting a lower court's ruling that it must ban the pesticide, which farmers say they need.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848830,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":729},"headData":{"title":"9th Circuit Court Could Make EPA Ban Toxic Pesticide | KQED","description":"Chlorpyrifos has been linked to developmental delays in kids and other health problems. The EPA is fighting a lower court's ruling that it must ban the pesticide, which farmers say they need.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"9th Circuit Court Could Make EPA Ban Toxic Pesticide","datePublished":"2019-02-27T20:39:31.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T01:07:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"NPR","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Eilís O'Neill\u003cbr/>NPR","nprImageAgency":"Jim West/Science Source","nprStoryId":"698227414","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=698227414&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/02/26/698227414/will-an-appeals-court-make-the-epa-ban-a-pesticide-linked-to-serious-health-risk?ft=nprml&f=698227414","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 26 Feb 2019 17:26:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 26 Feb 2019 15:32:09 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 26 Feb 2019 17:26:29 -0500","path":"/science/1938485/9th-circuit-court-could-make-epa-ban-toxic-pesticide","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Eric Perez and his wife, Mari, live with their five children in the Wenatchee Valley in central Washington state. Their house is just feet from an orchard. A couple of years ago, the kids were having an Easter egg hunt in the yard when they smelled something “plasticky,” Perez remembers — like “rotten eggs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez says they realized the orchard must have been sprayed while the family was away for their Easter lunch.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez says they got stomachaches, started throwing up and having trouble breathing and got diarrhea and scratchy throats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we all went to the doctor,” he remembers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington’s Department of Agriculture investigated and found evidence that a pesticide called chlorpyrifos had drifted onto the Perez’s property from the neighboring orchard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crops like apples, corn, soybeans and Christmas trees are sprayed with chlorpyrifos. The Environmental Protection Agency decided to phase the popular pesticide out of household use back in 2000, but it’s still allowed in agriculture.\u003ca href=\"https://www.law360.com/foodbeverage/articles/1126615/full-9th-circ-to-reconsider-forcing-epa-action-on-pesticide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Now\u003c/a>, the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals will decide whether the EPA has to ban it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When chlorpyrifos drifts onto farmworkers and rural residents, the immediate symptoms can include “nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, muscle weakness, muscle twitching, coughing, wheezing,” says \u003ca href=\"https://deohs.washington.edu/faculty/fenske_richard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Fenske\u003c/a>, a University of Washington professor who has studied the chemical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For babies and children, the pesticide can be even more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are developmental effects in children and in the fetus during pregnancy,” he says. “We may see slower learning, not making progress in school as quickly as other students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, children with more chlorpyrifos in their blood at birth and in early childhood scored lower on memory, verbal comprehension and reasoning tests. They also had lower IQs and higher rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and impulsive behavior than children exposed to less chlorpyrifos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EPA scientists \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/03/29/521898976/will-the-epa-reject-a-pesticide-or-its-own-scientific-evidence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recommended a total ban\u003c/a> on the chemical. But in March 2017, President Trump’s new EPA administrator at the time, Scott Pruitt, decided against that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of environmental and farmworkers organizations that want a total ban sued the EPA. Last August, a three-judge panel ruled 2-1 that the EPA had to ban chlorpyrifos. But the EPA appealed that decision, and now the full 9th Circuit is reconsidering the ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers applaud that decision, saying they need chlorpyrifos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Gilbert is a fifth-generation farmer in Yakima, Washington. He grows apples and other tree fruit. He says he sometimes uses chlorpyrifos in his orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will primarily go after a pest called scale,” Gilbert says. “Scale irritates the skin of the apple and creates bright red spots on it. It would look like it had the measles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Scale, in particular, if left unchecked can kill your tree,” says \u003ca href=\"http://www.tfrec.wsu.edu/pages/ebeers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Betsy Beers\u003c/a>, an entomologist at Washington State University who studies pest management. “So it is something that growers have to take very seriously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not just apple growers use chlorpyrifos. Christmas tree farmers also depend on the chemical; they use it to kill aphids, which can leave trees black, gnarled and pretty much unsellable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beers says there are alternatives to chlorpyrifos, but they’re more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t count on there being an effective replacement coming anytime soon,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear how much chlorpyrifos residue remains on fruit and Christmas trees when they reach consumers. One study found chlorpyrifos derivatives in the urine of kids who eat produce that is not labeled organic. But there’s no evidence linking that level of exposure to actual harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Wenatchee Valley, Eric Perez got tired of the pesticide blowing over onto his house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I saw my kids go to the doctor so many times,” he says. “I failed them as a parent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wishes he had said or done more, sooner, to keep the chemical away from his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year and a half ago, in September 2017, he bought the orchard next to his house. Now it’s farmed organically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 9th Circuit is scheduled to hear oral arguments in the case against the EPA on March 25.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tony Schick of Oregon Public Broadcasting contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kuow.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KUOW\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1938485/9th-circuit-court-could-make-epa-ban-toxic-pesticide","authors":["byline_science_1938485"],"categories":["science_35","science_39","science_16","science_40"],"tags":["science_392","science_2080","science_3838","science_521"],"featImg":"science_1938486","label":"source_science_1938485"},"science_1934349":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1934349","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1934349","score":null,"sort":[1542319370000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-recommends-ending-use-of-chlorpyrifos-on-most-crops","title":"California Recommends Ending Use of Chlorpyrifos on Most Crops","publishDate":1542319370,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California Recommends Ending Use of Chlorpyrifos on Most Crops | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>California regulators recommended new restrictions Thursday on a widely used pesticide blamed for harming the brains of babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”86B0jBZVsmhJ2V0GFCFFp5G9kgnpThDj”]The Department of Pesticide Regulation issued temporary guidelines for chlorpyrifos that include banning it from crop dusting, discontinuing its use on most crops and increasing perimeters around where it’s applied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dow Chemical Co. pesticide currently used on about 60 different crops — including grapes, almonds and oranges — has increasingly come under fire from regulators, lawmakers and courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal appeals court in August ordered the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to remove the pesticide from sale in the United States after it ruled the Trump administration endangered public health by reversing an Obama-era effort to ban the chemical. The EPA is appealing that 2-1 ruling to a full panel of the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii passed legislation in June that will ban the use of the pesticide in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An environmental group blasted the new recommendations as toothless and said California should be taking the pesticide off the market after scientists for three state agencies found it was toxic and couldn’t be safely used at any levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, these are voluntary recommendations for local officials that have no weight of law behind them,” said Paul Towers of the Pesticide Action Network. “Instead of taking this brain-harming pesticide off the market, California officials are again passing the buck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California action comes as the state considers long-term regulations to restrict the use of chlorpyrifos and designate it as a “toxic air contaminant” that poses a risk of serious illness or death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmworkers in the nation’s leading agricultural state have been sickened several times in recent years when the pesticide drifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than three dozen workers harvesting cabbage in Kern County last year were affected when the pesticide drifted from neighboring farms, causing some to become nauseous and vomit and sending some for medical treatment, the department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 13 people were affected in four incidents this year, including 10 workers in Solano County where the pesticide was applied to an almond orchard in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pesticide is in a class of organophosphates chemically similar to a nerve gas developed by Nazi Germany before World War II. Its heavy use has often left traces in drinking water sources. A University of California at Berkeley study in 2012 found that 87 percent of umbilical-cord blood samples tested from newborn babies contained detectable levels of the pesticide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under pressure from federal regulators, Dow voluntarily withdrew chlorpyrifos for use as a home insecticide in 2000. EPA also placed “no-spray” buffer zones around sensitive sites, such as schools, in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action by California comes as the state proposes designating chlorpyrifos as a “toxic air contaminant” that poses a risk of serious illness or death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, the department is recommending county agriculture commissioners, who issue pesticide application permits, adopt the restrictions in January so they can protect health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is like our short-term fix,” said department spokeswoman Charlotte Fadipe. “We’ve already started down a longer road to a permanent fix.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other recommendations include creating a 150-foot setback from homes, businesses and schools where the pesticide is applied. During applications, there would have to be a quarter-mile buffer zone for 24 hours around any field where the pesticide is applied and the only people allowed inside the area would be authorized applicators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department also recommended limiting use of chlorpyrifos to certain crops to combat specific pests, such as weevils and certain types of aphids on alfalfa, stink bugs on almonds and maggots on leafy vegetables and onions..\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Department of Pesticide Regulation issued temporary guidelines for county agriculture commissioners to restrict the widely used pesticide.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927317,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":646},"headData":{"title":"California Recommends Ending Use of Chlorpyrifos on Most Crops | KQED","description":"The Department of Pesticide Regulation issued temporary guidelines for county agriculture commissioners to restrict the widely used pesticide.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Recommends Ending Use of Chlorpyrifos on Most Crops","datePublished":"2018-11-15T22:02:50.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T22:55:17.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Brian Melley\u003cbr />Associated Press","path":"/science/1934349/california-recommends-ending-use-of-chlorpyrifos-on-most-crops","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California regulators recommended new restrictions Thursday on a widely used pesticide blamed for harming the brains of babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>The Department of Pesticide Regulation issued temporary guidelines for chlorpyrifos that include banning it from crop dusting, discontinuing its use on most crops and increasing perimeters around where it’s applied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dow Chemical Co. pesticide currently used on about 60 different crops — including grapes, almonds and oranges — has increasingly come under fire from regulators, lawmakers and courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal appeals court in August ordered the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to remove the pesticide from sale in the United States after it ruled the Trump administration endangered public health by reversing an Obama-era effort to ban the chemical. The EPA is appealing that 2-1 ruling to a full panel of the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii passed legislation in June that will ban the use of the pesticide in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An environmental group blasted the new recommendations as toothless and said California should be taking the pesticide off the market after scientists for three state agencies found it was toxic and couldn’t be safely used at any levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, these are voluntary recommendations for local officials that have no weight of law behind them,” said Paul Towers of the Pesticide Action Network. “Instead of taking this brain-harming pesticide off the market, California officials are again passing the buck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California action comes as the state considers long-term regulations to restrict the use of chlorpyrifos and designate it as a “toxic air contaminant” that poses a risk of serious illness or death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmworkers in the nation’s leading agricultural state have been sickened several times in recent years when the pesticide drifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than three dozen workers harvesting cabbage in Kern County last year were affected when the pesticide drifted from neighboring farms, causing some to become nauseous and vomit and sending some for medical treatment, the department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 13 people were affected in four incidents this year, including 10 workers in Solano County where the pesticide was applied to an almond orchard in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pesticide is in a class of organophosphates chemically similar to a nerve gas developed by Nazi Germany before World War II. Its heavy use has often left traces in drinking water sources. A University of California at Berkeley study in 2012 found that 87 percent of umbilical-cord blood samples tested from newborn babies contained detectable levels of the pesticide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under pressure from federal regulators, Dow voluntarily withdrew chlorpyrifos for use as a home insecticide in 2000. EPA also placed “no-spray” buffer zones around sensitive sites, such as schools, in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action by California comes as the state proposes designating chlorpyrifos as a “toxic air contaminant” that poses a risk of serious illness or death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, the department is recommending county agriculture commissioners, who issue pesticide application permits, adopt the restrictions in January so they can protect health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is like our short-term fix,” said department spokeswoman Charlotte Fadipe. “We’ve already started down a longer road to a permanent fix.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other recommendations include creating a 150-foot setback from homes, businesses and schools where the pesticide is applied. During applications, there would have to be a quarter-mile buffer zone for 24 hours around any field where the pesticide is applied and the only people allowed inside the area would be authorized applicators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department also recommended limiting use of chlorpyrifos to certain crops to combat specific pests, such as weevils and certain types of aphids on alfalfa, stink bugs on almonds and maggots on leafy vegetables and onions..\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1934349/california-recommends-ending-use-of-chlorpyrifos-on-most-crops","authors":["byline_science_1934349"],"categories":["science_35","science_40"],"tags":["science_521"],"featImg":"science_1929286","label":"science"},"science_1922287":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1922287","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1922287","score":null,"sort":[1523412600000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"70-percent-of-fruit-and-vegetables-in-the-us-has-pesticide-residue","title":"70 Percent of Fruit and Vegetables in the U.S. Contain Pesticide Residue, Says Report","publishDate":1523412600,"format":"standard","headTitle":"70 Percent of Fruit and Vegetables in the U.S. Contain Pesticide Residue, Says Report | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Even after being carefully washed or peeled, nearly 70 percent of fruit and vegetables sold in the U.S. contained pesticide residues, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ewg.org/foodnews/summary.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a review\u003c/a> of recent tests conducted by the Department of Agriculture.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is vitally important that everyone eats plenty of produce, but it is also wise to avoid dietary exposure to toxic pesticides, from conception through childhood,” said Sonya Lunder, senior analyst with nonprofit Environmental Working Group, which conducted the analysis.[contextly_sidebar id=”O0cpPxNFGgzCXffMm7o1WNVaL4GDVESD”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The reviewed data revealed a total of 230 pesticides and pesticide breakdown products in thousands of crops that were sampled.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among \u003ca href=\"https://www.ewg.org/release/out-now-ewg-s-2018-shopper-s-guide-pesticides-produce#.Ws1HEZPwZAb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the report’s key findings: \u003c/a>mo\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">re than one-third of strawberry samples analyzed in 2016 contained 10 or more pesticide residues. M\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ore than 98 percent of apples, cherries, nectarines, peaches, potatoes, and strawberries tested positive for at least one pesticide residue.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spinach\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> had almost twice as much pesticide residue by weight compared to other crops. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EWG publishes a separate \u003ca href=\"https://www.ewg.org/foodnews/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">annual shoppers guide\u003c/a> based on the underlying review of USDA data. The guide consists of the “Dirty Dozen,” a list of produce with high levels of pesticide residue, and the “Clean Fifteen,” a list of produce with the least residue detected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Produce on the healthy list include avocados and sweet corn, which had less than one percent of pesticide residues. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In this year’s main report, m\u003c/span>ore than 80 percent of the following fruits and vegetables had no sign of pesticide residues: pineapples, papayas, asparagus, onions and cabbage. [contextly_sidebar id=”0Lgkj01P40FcCNzCg9DSvcfg67qFp0yS”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hot peppers was added this year to the dirty dozen list after researchers found that 739 samples of hot peppers contained residues of three “highly toxic” insecticides, including a neurotoxin called chlorpyrifos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies have found that pregnant women who are exposed to high levels of chlorpyrifos have children who display \u003ca href=\"https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1003160/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lower IQ scores \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/118/6/e1845\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">poorer mental development\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to hot peppers, researchers found chlorpyrifos residue in apples, nectarines, and peaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was slated to ban the use of chlorpyrifos in foods. But incoming EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt overturned the scheduled ban.[contextly_sidebar id=”pHl5s4r9Obq1OdAQd6AvkbBBjQlK64Fy”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report notes that cooking the hot peppers typically diminishes any pesticide levels in the vegetable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EWG report also cites two studies that link \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2659557\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">poor fertility\u003c/a> with consuming high-residue produce. The studies, conducted by researchers at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, looked at couples seeking treatment at a fertility clinic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2659557\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">who ate\u003c/a> two or more servings per day of high-residue produce were 26 percent less likely to have a successful pregnancy, according to the 2018 study. Researchers looked at the diets of more than 340 women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going into the study, I was positive that we would find absolutely no relation between exposure to pesticide residues and adverse reproductive outcomes,” senior author Dr. Jorge Chavarro, told \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/10/30/health/pesticides-in-food-fertility-study/index.html\">CNN. \u003c/a>“While I think we need more studies to confirm or refute our findings, I am now more willing to pay the extra money for organic apples and strawberries than I was when we started this project.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate Harvard study in 2015 found that male participants who consumed high-residue produce showed poorer sperm quality. The men \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25824023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">were tested\u003c/a> over an 18-month period.[contextly_sidebar id=”sazEaynRryWJ9yYri7whIak6pwM1GWG8″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at pesticide residue in food, it’s consistent with a number of studies that look at diet as a source of exposure. When you switch to organic food, you find lower levels of exposure to pesticides,” said Asa Bradman, the associate director at the Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, he cautions against alarmism and says that the issue is more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at government data, very few samples actually exceed the standards for exposure,” said Bradman. “There is tension between the public health folks who want people to eat healthier, and those who want to encourage people to minimize pesticide exposure. But the American diet is really not optimal and I would never want to discourage anyone from eating more fruits and vegetables.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bradman said in California at least, the use of more toxic pesticides has been declining for a number of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there is some potential benefit to organic agriculture in terms of lower exposure rates and perhaps lower impact on the environment,” he said. “In the general agriculture sector, there’s already a movement towards a more environmentally friendly and safer food production.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Researchers say its best to avoid dietary exposure to toxic pesticides from conception through childhood.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928025,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":795},"headData":{"title":"70 Percent of Fruit and Vegetables in the U.S. Contain Pesticide Residue, Says Report | KQED","description":"Researchers say its best to avoid dietary exposure to toxic pesticides from conception through childhood.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"70 Percent of Fruit and Vegetables in the U.S. Contain Pesticide Residue, Says Report","datePublished":"2018-04-11T02:10:00.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:07:05.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Health","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1922287/70-percent-of-fruit-and-vegetables-in-the-us-has-pesticide-residue","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Even after being carefully washed or peeled, nearly 70 percent of fruit and vegetables sold in the U.S. contained pesticide residues, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ewg.org/foodnews/summary.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a review\u003c/a> of recent tests conducted by the Department of Agriculture.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is vitally important that everyone eats plenty of produce, but it is also wise to avoid dietary exposure to toxic pesticides, from conception through childhood,” said Sonya Lunder, senior analyst with nonprofit Environmental Working Group, which conducted the analysis.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The reviewed data revealed a total of 230 pesticides and pesticide breakdown products in thousands of crops that were sampled.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among \u003ca href=\"https://www.ewg.org/release/out-now-ewg-s-2018-shopper-s-guide-pesticides-produce#.Ws1HEZPwZAb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the report’s key findings: \u003c/a>mo\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">re than one-third of strawberry samples analyzed in 2016 contained 10 or more pesticide residues. M\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ore than 98 percent of apples, cherries, nectarines, peaches, potatoes, and strawberries tested positive for at least one pesticide residue.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spinach\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> had almost twice as much pesticide residue by weight compared to other crops. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EWG publishes a separate \u003ca href=\"https://www.ewg.org/foodnews/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">annual shoppers guide\u003c/a> based on the underlying review of USDA data. The guide consists of the “Dirty Dozen,” a list of produce with high levels of pesticide residue, and the “Clean Fifteen,” a list of produce with the least residue detected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Produce on the healthy list include avocados and sweet corn, which had less than one percent of pesticide residues. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In this year’s main report, m\u003c/span>ore than 80 percent of the following fruits and vegetables had no sign of pesticide residues: pineapples, papayas, asparagus, onions and cabbage. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hot peppers was added this year to the dirty dozen list after researchers found that 739 samples of hot peppers contained residues of three “highly toxic” insecticides, including a neurotoxin called chlorpyrifos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies have found that pregnant women who are exposed to high levels of chlorpyrifos have children who display \u003ca href=\"https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1003160/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lower IQ scores \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/118/6/e1845\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">poorer mental development\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to hot peppers, researchers found chlorpyrifos residue in apples, nectarines, and peaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was slated to ban the use of chlorpyrifos in foods. But incoming EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt overturned the scheduled ban.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report notes that cooking the hot peppers typically diminishes any pesticide levels in the vegetable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EWG report also cites two studies that link \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2659557\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">poor fertility\u003c/a> with consuming high-residue produce. The studies, conducted by researchers at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, looked at couples seeking treatment at a fertility clinic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women \u003ca href=\"http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2659557\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">who ate\u003c/a> two or more servings per day of high-residue produce were 26 percent less likely to have a successful pregnancy, according to the 2018 study. Researchers looked at the diets of more than 340 women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going into the study, I was positive that we would find absolutely no relation between exposure to pesticide residues and adverse reproductive outcomes,” senior author Dr. Jorge Chavarro, told \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/10/30/health/pesticides-in-food-fertility-study/index.html\">CNN. \u003c/a>“While I think we need more studies to confirm or refute our findings, I am now more willing to pay the extra money for organic apples and strawberries than I was when we started this project.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate Harvard study in 2015 found that male participants who consumed high-residue produce showed poorer sperm quality. The men \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25824023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">were tested\u003c/a> over an 18-month period.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at pesticide residue in food, it’s consistent with a number of studies that look at diet as a source of exposure. When you switch to organic food, you find lower levels of exposure to pesticides,” said Asa Bradman, the associate director at the Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, he cautions against alarmism and says that the issue is more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at government data, very few samples actually exceed the standards for exposure,” said Bradman. “There is tension between the public health folks who want people to eat healthier, and those who want to encourage people to minimize pesticide exposure. But the American diet is really not optimal and I would never want to discourage anyone from eating more fruits and vegetables.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bradman said in California at least, the use of more toxic pesticides has been declining for a number of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there is some potential benefit to organic agriculture in terms of lower exposure rates and perhaps lower impact on the environment,” he said. “In the general agriculture sector, there’s already a movement towards a more environmentally friendly and safer food production.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1922287/70-percent-of-fruit-and-vegetables-in-the-us-has-pesticide-residue","authors":["11428"],"categories":["science_35","science_36","science_39","science_3424","science_40"],"tags":["science_392","science_192","science_2833","science_5181","science_521"],"featImg":"science_1922303","label":"source_science_1922287"},"science_1920727":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1920727","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1920727","score":null,"sort":[1520278187000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"federal-judge-to-conduct-his-own-review-of-monsanto-cancer-claims","title":"State Wins Appeal Affirming Roundup Listing as Probable Carcinogen","publishDate":1520278187,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State Wins Appeal Affirming Roundup Listing as Probable Carcinogen | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cstrong>UPDATE: April 20, 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A California Appellate Court affirmed that the main ingredient in the popular weed killer Round-up can be listed as a probable carcinogen under \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65\">Proposition 65\u003c/a>. Last year the state determined consumers should be warned that glyphosate could cause cancer. Monsanto challenged the ruling about their herbicide but lost the battle yesterday. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Proposition 65 requires notification and labeling of all chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm, and prohibits their discharge into drinking waters of the state.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Story, March 5, 2018:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Claims that the active ingredient in the widely used weed killer Roundup can cause cancer have been evaluated by international agencies, U.S. and foreign regulators and the product’s manufacturer — agribusiness giant Monsanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, a federal judge in San Francisco will conduct his own review during an unusual set of court hearings scheduled to start Monday. It has big stakes for Monsanto and hundreds of farmers and others who have sued the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Vince Chhabria will spend a week hearing from experts to help decide whether there is valid scientific evidence to support the lawsuits’ claim that exposure to Roundup can cause non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.[contextly_sidebar id=”HjEwa348Joj3qmYbjKbXSdj8hUL33ynu”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chhabria is presiding over more than 300 lawsuits against Monsanto Co. by cancer victims and their families who say the company long knew about Roundup’s cancer risk but failed to warn them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs must first persuade Chhabria, however, that he should allow their epidemiologists and other doctors to testify to a jury that Roundup can cause cancer. Many regulators have rejected the link, and Monsanto vehemently denies it and says hundreds of studies have found glyphosate — Roundup’s active ingredient — is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chhabria will not determine if the cancer connection exists, but whether the claim has been tested, reviewed and published and is widely accepted in the scientific community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s game over for the plaintiffs if they can’t get over this hurdle,” said David Levine, an expert in federal court procedure at the University of California, Hastings College of the Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Herbicide Glyphosate On Trial\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMonsanto developed glyphosate in the 1970s, and the weed killer is now sold in more than 160 countries. Farmers in California use it on more than 200 types of crops. Homeowners use it to keep their lawns and gardens pristine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>St. Louis-based Monsanto also sells seeds genetically modified to produce crops that can tolerate being sprayed with glyphosate as the surrounding weeds die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1920400\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 401px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1920400\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"401\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-1920x1278.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A farmer fills his agricultural sprayer with roundup, a glyphosate based herbicide made by agrochemical giant Monsanto, in Piace, northwestern France, on December 29, 2017. \u003ccite>(Jean-Francois Monier/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the herbicide came under increasing scrutiny after the International Agency for Research on Cancer, based in Lyon, France — part of the World Health Organization — classified it as a “probable human carcinogen” in 2015. A flurry of lawsuits against Monsanto in federal and states courts followed, and California added glyphosate to its list of chemicals known to cause cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Sheppard, among those suing Monsanto, said she sprayed Roundup for years to control weeds on her Hawaii coffee farm. In 2003, she was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and given six months to live. Now 68, she is in remission but experiences severe pain in her hands and legs from her cancer treatment and has a weak immune system. She believes Roundup is to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing that really gets to me right now is when I walk into Home Depot and places like that and see Roundup still for sale, still advertised as the best thing people can use,” said Sheppard, who now lives near San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto has attacked the international research agency’s opinion as an outlier. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency says glyphosate is safe for humans when used in accordance with label directions. A draft report by the agency last year concluded the herbicide is not likely to be carcinogenic to humans. The report noted science reviews by numerous other countries as well as a 2017 National Institute of Health survey had reached the same conclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are more than 800 published studies — scientific, medical and peer-reviewed — which demonstrate that glyphosate is safe and there is no association whatsoever with any form of cancer,” said Scott Partridge, vice president of strategy at Monsanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Warning Label Blocked\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nA federal judge in Sacramento last week blocked California from requiring that Roundup carry a label stating that it is known to cause cancer, saying the warning is misleading because almost all regulators have concluded there is no evidence glyphosate is a carcinogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timothy Litzenburg, an attorney for the plaintiffs, said the connection between glyphosate and cancer is not “junk science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can just do a literature search and find many, many peer-reviewed, published articles concluding that glyphosate exposure increases the risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In an unusual set of hearings scheduled this week, a federal judge will conduct his own Monsanto review.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928143,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":858},"headData":{"title":"State Wins Appeal Affirming Roundup Listing as Probable Carcinogen | KQED","description":"In an unusual set of hearings scheduled this week, a federal judge will conduct his own Monsanto review.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"State Wins Appeal Affirming Roundup Listing as Probable Carcinogen","datePublished":"2018-03-05T19:29:47.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:09:03.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Sudhin Thanawala\u003cbr />The Associated Press","path":"/science/1920727/federal-judge-to-conduct-his-own-review-of-monsanto-cancer-claims","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>UPDATE: April 20, 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A California Appellate Court affirmed that the main ingredient in the popular weed killer Round-up can be listed as a probable carcinogen under \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65\">Proposition 65\u003c/a>. Last year the state determined consumers should be warned that glyphosate could cause cancer. Monsanto challenged the ruling about their herbicide but lost the battle yesterday. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Proposition 65 requires notification and labeling of all chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm, and prohibits their discharge into drinking waters of the state.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Story, March 5, 2018:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Claims that the active ingredient in the widely used weed killer Roundup can cause cancer have been evaluated by international agencies, U.S. and foreign regulators and the product’s manufacturer — agribusiness giant Monsanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, a federal judge in San Francisco will conduct his own review during an unusual set of court hearings scheduled to start Monday. It has big stakes for Monsanto and hundreds of farmers and others who have sued the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Vince Chhabria will spend a week hearing from experts to help decide whether there is valid scientific evidence to support the lawsuits’ claim that exposure to Roundup can cause non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chhabria is presiding over more than 300 lawsuits against Monsanto Co. by cancer victims and their families who say the company long knew about Roundup’s cancer risk but failed to warn them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs must first persuade Chhabria, however, that he should allow their epidemiologists and other doctors to testify to a jury that Roundup can cause cancer. Many regulators have rejected the link, and Monsanto vehemently denies it and says hundreds of studies have found glyphosate — Roundup’s active ingredient — is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chhabria will not determine if the cancer connection exists, but whether the claim has been tested, reviewed and published and is widely accepted in the scientific community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s game over for the plaintiffs if they can’t get over this hurdle,” said David Levine, an expert in federal court procedure at the University of California, Hastings College of the Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Herbicide Glyphosate On Trial\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMonsanto developed glyphosate in the 1970s, and the weed killer is now sold in more than 160 countries. Farmers in California use it on more than 200 types of crops. Homeowners use it to keep their lawns and gardens pristine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>St. Louis-based Monsanto also sells seeds genetically modified to produce crops that can tolerate being sprayed with glyphosate as the surrounding weeds die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1920400\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 401px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1920400\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"401\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-1920x1278.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/02/GettyImages-899547980-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A farmer fills his agricultural sprayer with roundup, a glyphosate based herbicide made by agrochemical giant Monsanto, in Piace, northwestern France, on December 29, 2017. \u003ccite>(Jean-Francois Monier/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the herbicide came under increasing scrutiny after the International Agency for Research on Cancer, based in Lyon, France — part of the World Health Organization — classified it as a “probable human carcinogen” in 2015. A flurry of lawsuits against Monsanto in federal and states courts followed, and California added glyphosate to its list of chemicals known to cause cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Sheppard, among those suing Monsanto, said she sprayed Roundup for years to control weeds on her Hawaii coffee farm. In 2003, she was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and given six months to live. Now 68, she is in remission but experiences severe pain in her hands and legs from her cancer treatment and has a weak immune system. She believes Roundup is to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing that really gets to me right now is when I walk into Home Depot and places like that and see Roundup still for sale, still advertised as the best thing people can use,” said Sheppard, who now lives near San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto has attacked the international research agency’s opinion as an outlier. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency says glyphosate is safe for humans when used in accordance with label directions. A draft report by the agency last year concluded the herbicide is not likely to be carcinogenic to humans. The report noted science reviews by numerous other countries as well as a 2017 National Institute of Health survey had reached the same conclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are more than 800 published studies — scientific, medical and peer-reviewed — which demonstrate that glyphosate is safe and there is no association whatsoever with any form of cancer,” said Scott Partridge, vice president of strategy at Monsanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Warning Label Blocked\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nA federal judge in Sacramento last week blocked California from requiring that Roundup carry a label stating that it is known to cause cancer, saying the warning is misleading because almost all regulators have concluded there is no evidence glyphosate is a carcinogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timothy Litzenburg, an attorney for the plaintiffs, said the connection between glyphosate and cancer is not “junk science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can just do a literature search and find many, many peer-reviewed, published articles concluding that glyphosate exposure increases the risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1920727/federal-judge-to-conduct-his-own-review-of-monsanto-cancer-claims","authors":["byline_science_1920727"],"categories":["science_35","science_39","science_3424","science_40"],"tags":["science_374","science_2025","science_2209","science_5181","science_521","science_309"],"featImg":"science_1920733","label":"science"},"science_1920399":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1920399","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1920399","score":null,"sort":[1519771083000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"us-judge-blocks-weed-killer-warning-label-in-california","title":"US Judge Blocks Weed-Killer Warning Label in California","publishDate":1519771083,"format":"standard","headTitle":"US Judge Blocks Weed-Killer Warning Label in California | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>A U.S. judge blocked California from requiring that the popular weed-killer Roundup \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2017/11/08/california-cracks-down-on-weed-killer-as-lawsuits-abound/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">carry a label stating\u003c/a> that it is known to cause cancer, saying the warning is misleading because almost all regulators have concluded there is no evidence that the product’s main ingredient is a carcinogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge William Shubb in Sacramento issued a preliminary injunction on Monday in a lawsuit challenging the state’s decision last year to list glyphosate as a chemical known to cause cancer.[contextly_sidebar id=”kY5lSMHhL8AzkhMONHQweUiZtG5rHRJs”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The listing triggered the warning label requirement for Roundup that was set to go into effect in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glyphosate is\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/09/18/epa-weighs-in-on-glyphosate-says-it-doesnt-cause-cancer/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> not restricted by\u003c/a> the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and has been widely used since 1974 to kill weeds while leaving crops and other plants alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The International Agency for Research on Cancer, based in Lyon, France, has classified the chemical as a “probable human carcinogen.” That prompted the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment to add glyphosate to its cancer list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shubb said a “reasonable consumer would not understand that a substance is ‘known to cause cancer’ where only one health organization had found that the substance in question causes cancer.”[contextly_sidebar id=”5DGlYE7SZR8ceGlmvVYboRpv0zEapZjj”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the evidence before the court, the required warning for glyphosate does not appear to be factually accurate and uncontroversial because it conveys the message that glyphosate’s carcinogenicity is an undisputed fact,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California Cancer List\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Delson, a spokesman for the state’s office of environmental health hazard assessment, noted that the judge did not block the state from putting glyphosate on\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/07/28/california-adds-atrazine-to-list-of-toxic-chemicals-but-no-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> its cancer list\u003c/a>, but only from requiring the warning label.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are pleased that the listing of glyphosate remains in effect, and we believe our actions were lawful,” he said.[contextly_sidebar id=”7kFwYwEkgyKQBVknvLn0Y67iPxWjdr61″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the office had not decided yet whether to appeal the ruling on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling came in a lawsuit filed by the national wheat and corn growers associations, state agriculture and business organizations in Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota and South Dakota, and a regional group representing herbicide sellers in California, Arizona and Hawaii. The plaintiffs also include \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/tag/monsanto/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">St. Louis-based Monsanto Co.\u003c/a>, which makes Roundup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every regulatory body in the world that has reviewed glyphosate has found it safe for use, and no available product matches glyphosate with a comparable health and environmental safety profile,” Chandler Goule, CEO of the National Association of Wheat Growers, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit will continue with Shubb’s injunction in place.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A U.S. judge blocked California from requiring that the popular weed-killer Roundup carry a cancer label.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928170,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":446},"headData":{"title":"US Judge Blocks Weed-Killer Warning Label in California | KQED","description":"A U.S. judge blocked California from requiring that the popular weed-killer Roundup carry a cancer label.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"US Judge Blocks Weed-Killer Warning Label in California","datePublished":"2018-02-27T22:38:03.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:09:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Sudhin Thanawala\u003cbr />The Associated Press","path":"/science/1920399/us-judge-blocks-weed-killer-warning-label-in-california","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A U.S. judge blocked California from requiring that the popular weed-killer Roundup \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2017/11/08/california-cracks-down-on-weed-killer-as-lawsuits-abound/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">carry a label stating\u003c/a> that it is known to cause cancer, saying the warning is misleading because almost all regulators have concluded there is no evidence that the product’s main ingredient is a carcinogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge William Shubb in Sacramento issued a preliminary injunction on Monday in a lawsuit challenging the state’s decision last year to list glyphosate as a chemical known to cause cancer.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The listing triggered the warning label requirement for Roundup that was set to go into effect in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glyphosate is\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/09/18/epa-weighs-in-on-glyphosate-says-it-doesnt-cause-cancer/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> not restricted by\u003c/a> the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and has been widely used since 1974 to kill weeds while leaving crops and other plants alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The International Agency for Research on Cancer, based in Lyon, France, has classified the chemical as a “probable human carcinogen.” That prompted the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment to add glyphosate to its cancer list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shubb said a “reasonable consumer would not understand that a substance is ‘known to cause cancer’ where only one health organization had found that the substance in question causes cancer.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the evidence before the court, the required warning for glyphosate does not appear to be factually accurate and uncontroversial because it conveys the message that glyphosate’s carcinogenicity is an undisputed fact,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California Cancer List\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Delson, a spokesman for the state’s office of environmental health hazard assessment, noted that the judge did not block the state from putting glyphosate on\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/07/28/california-adds-atrazine-to-list-of-toxic-chemicals-but-no-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> its cancer list\u003c/a>, but only from requiring the warning label.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are pleased that the listing of glyphosate remains in effect, and we believe our actions were lawful,” he said.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the office had not decided yet whether to appeal the ruling on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling came in a lawsuit filed by the national wheat and corn growers associations, state agriculture and business organizations in Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota and South Dakota, and a regional group representing herbicide sellers in California, Arizona and Hawaii. The plaintiffs also include \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/tag/monsanto/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">St. Louis-based Monsanto Co.\u003c/a>, which makes Roundup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every regulatory body in the world that has reviewed glyphosate has found it safe for use, and no available product matches glyphosate with a comparable health and environmental safety profile,” Chandler Goule, CEO of the National Association of Wheat Growers, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit will continue with Shubb’s injunction in place.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1920399/us-judge-blocks-weed-killer-warning-label-in-california","authors":["byline_science_1920399"],"categories":["science_35","science_39","science_40"],"tags":["science_2025","science_192","science_5181","science_521"],"featImg":"science_1920400","label":"science"},"science_1919887":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1919887","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1919887","score":null,"sort":[1518635555000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"volunteer-regulators-banned-a-monsanto-pesticide-so-the-company-sued-each-and-every-one-of-them","title":"Volunteer Regulators Banned a Monsanto Pesticide. So the Company Sued Each and Every One of Them","publishDate":1518635555,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Volunteer Regulators Banned a Monsanto Pesticide. So the Company Sued Each and Every One of Them | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>In Arkansas, there is a kind of David vs. Goliath battle underway over a weedkiller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one side, there is the giant Monsanto Company. On the other, a committee of 18 people, mostly farmers and small-business owners, that regulates the use of pesticides in the state. It has banned Monsanto’s latest way of killing weeds during the growing season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terry Fuller is on that committee. He never intended to pick a fight with a billion-dollar company. “I didn’t feel like I was leading the charge,” he says. “I felt like I was just trying to do my duty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terry Fuller and his identical twin, Jerry Fuller, grow soybeans and raise cattle near the tiny town of Poplar Grove, in eastern Arkansas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big part of their business, though, is selling seeds to farmers. And in their storage shed, Terry Fuller shows me the product that has turned neighbors against one another and provoked that fight with Monsanto. The product is soybean seeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuller leans over and reads the label on one large bag. “7478XTS, so that is an Xtend soybean variety right there,” he says. “That’s dicamba-tolerant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dicamba is a herbicide. It kills not only what farmers call broadleaf plants, which include many weeds, but also crops like soybeans. Not these soybeans, though. Monsanto tweaked the genes of these varieties, and now dicamba doesn’t bother them at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It means that farmers can plant these seeds and spray dicamba on their fields as the soybeans grow, and the weeds will die, but the crops are fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Fuller heard about this invention a few years ago, he thought it was great. “I absolutely wanted to spray dicamba in Arkansas and the rest of the nation,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dicamba era arrived last summer. Farmers sprayed the chemical on their fields and say it worked splendidly. The problem was that when the weather turned hot, the weedkiller didn’t stay where it was supposed to. It seemed to evaporate and drift, sometimes for a mile or more, into fields of other crops that can’t tolerate dicamba. It left those crops stunted or with curled up leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I could not walk out of my house without seeing damage,” says Fuller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drifting dicamba hurt soybeans, backyard tomatoes, melons and orchards. Millions of acres of crops were affected, from Mississippi to Minnesota.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a fiasco. And Terry Fuller had the power to stop it — at least in his own state. He’s a member of the Arkansas State Plant Board, which regulates pesticides and seeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m charged with protecting the citizens of the state of Arkansas, and it appears that I wasn’t doing a very good job of protecting the citizens and can’t even protect myself,” he says. Even trees in his own yard showed symptoms of exposure to dicamba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This board on which Fuller serves is an unusual institution. Its meetings are public. The members — all men at the moment, mostly from small towns across the state — sit around a big table. They include farmers, seed dealers and a few people who work for big chemical companies. All of them volunteer their time. Two nonvoting university scientists are on the board, but there are no lawyers and no politicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the members are proudly independent. The board is “self-governing, by the people, for the people,” says Ray Vester, who represented rice farmers on the board for 18 years, through 2016. Vester says it’s the best system of regulation he has ever seen. “Every other state, their boards are politically appointed by the party in power,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The board is made up of a wealth of the experience,” says George Tidwell, who runs a crop-dusting business and served on the board for 24 years, 15 of them as chairman. “Anything that came before the board, one to a half-dozen board members had personal experience with it. That’s the beauty of this board.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As pesticide regulators across the country debated how to respond to the dicamba debacle, Monsanto argued that the product can be used safely. The problems in 2017, the company said, were the result of mistakes in applying the chemical. In most states, regulators decided to let farmers continue to use dicamba but with some additional restrictions on how it’s used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most states, that decision was made behind closed doors. In Arkansas, though, the plant board argued about it around that meeting table — and anyone with an opinion could drive over to Fuller Seed and Supply, in Poplar Grove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had as many as 15 people at the office before seven o’clock in the morning, all waiting to see me, all on one side of the issue or the other,” says Fuller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, the board decided that dicamba could not be adequately controlled in hot weather, and it banned dicamba spraying during the entire growing season, from April 15 through October. These are the toughest restrictions in the whole country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuller and his fellow board members now are facing attacks from almost every side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto sued the board and each individual member, calling their decision arbitrary, capricious and unlawful. Hundreds of farmers who say they need dicamba to control their weeds signed a petition calling for the board to reconsider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six farmers also filed a lawsuit, arguing that the makeup of the board violates the Arkansas Constitution because some of the members are selected by industries that the board regulates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got angry; we didn’t feel that we were able to be heard,” says Michael McCarty, one of the farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty and the other farmers are proposing a compromise. They want the board to allow spraying of dicamba at least during the first part of the growing season, up to May 25, when the weather is not so hot and dicamba isn’t so prone to drift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gets very emotional,” McCarty says. “We like seeing our fields clean. We like them to be weed-free. And it was a beautiful area last year” when farmers were able to use dicamba on their soybean fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a chance that the plant board itself may not survive in its current form. Proposals have been floated in Arkansas’ legislature to move the board inside the state Department of Agriculture, make it less independent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuller says the conversations he has had with neighbors and customers about the issue have been civil and neighborly. But he knows that some people are angry. “There’s two loaded guns in my office,” he says, and he chuckles. “I felt personally threatened somewhat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He doesn’t regret his vote to shut down dicamba spraying. “I put forth a good effort, to the best of my ability, to protect the citizens of Arkansas,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=These+Citizen-Regulators+In+Arkansas+Defied+Monsanto.+Now+They%27re+Under+Attack&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In Arkansas, a regulatory committee of farmers and small-business owners banned the latest weed-killing technology from the giant agrichemical company. Monsanto is taking them to court.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928202,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":32,"wordCount":1213},"headData":{"title":"Volunteer Regulators Banned a Monsanto Pesticide. So the Company Sued Each and Every One of Them | KQED","description":"In Arkansas, a regulatory committee of farmers and small-business owners banned the latest weed-killing technology from the giant agrichemical company. Monsanto is taking them to court.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Volunteer Regulators Banned a Monsanto Pesticide. So the Company Sued Each and Every One of Them","datePublished":"2018-02-14T19:12:35.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:10:02.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Dan Charles\u003cbr />NPR","nprImageAgency":"Dan Charles/NPR","nprStoryId":"584647903","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=584647903&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/02/14/584647903/these-citizen-regulators-in-arkansas-defied-monsanto-now-theyre-under-attack?ft=nprml&f=584647903","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 14 Feb 2018 11:54:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 14 Feb 2018 07:35:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 14 Feb 2018 11:54:17 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/02/20180214_me_arkansas_defies_monsanto.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=310&p=3&story=584647903&ft=nprml&f=584647903","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1585690579-8d0860.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=310&p=3&story=584647903&ft=nprml&f=584647903","audioTrackLength":311,"path":"/science/1919887/volunteer-regulators-banned-a-monsanto-pesticide-so-the-company-sued-each-and-every-one-of-them","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/02/20180214_me_arkansas_defies_monsanto.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&d=310&p=3&story=584647903&ft=nprml&f=584647903","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In Arkansas, there is a kind of David vs. Goliath battle underway over a weedkiller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one side, there is the giant Monsanto Company. On the other, a committee of 18 people, mostly farmers and small-business owners, that regulates the use of pesticides in the state. It has banned Monsanto’s latest way of killing weeds during the growing season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terry Fuller is on that committee. He never intended to pick a fight with a billion-dollar company. “I didn’t feel like I was leading the charge,” he says. “I felt like I was just trying to do my duty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terry Fuller and his identical twin, Jerry Fuller, grow soybeans and raise cattle near the tiny town of Poplar Grove, in eastern Arkansas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big part of their business, though, is selling seeds to farmers. And in their storage shed, Terry Fuller shows me the product that has turned neighbors against one another and provoked that fight with Monsanto. The product is soybean seeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuller leans over and reads the label on one large bag. “7478XTS, so that is an Xtend soybean variety right there,” he says. “That’s dicamba-tolerant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dicamba is a herbicide. It kills not only what farmers call broadleaf plants, which include many weeds, but also crops like soybeans. Not these soybeans, though. Monsanto tweaked the genes of these varieties, and now dicamba doesn’t bother them at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It means that farmers can plant these seeds and spray dicamba on their fields as the soybeans grow, and the weeds will die, but the crops are fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Fuller heard about this invention a few years ago, he thought it was great. “I absolutely wanted to spray dicamba in Arkansas and the rest of the nation,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dicamba era arrived last summer. Farmers sprayed the chemical on their fields and say it worked splendidly. The problem was that when the weather turned hot, the weedkiller didn’t stay where it was supposed to. It seemed to evaporate and drift, sometimes for a mile or more, into fields of other crops that can’t tolerate dicamba. It left those crops stunted or with curled up leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I could not walk out of my house without seeing damage,” says Fuller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drifting dicamba hurt soybeans, backyard tomatoes, melons and orchards. Millions of acres of crops were affected, from Mississippi to Minnesota.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a fiasco. And Terry Fuller had the power to stop it — at least in his own state. He’s a member of the Arkansas State Plant Board, which regulates pesticides and seeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m charged with protecting the citizens of the state of Arkansas, and it appears that I wasn’t doing a very good job of protecting the citizens and can’t even protect myself,” he says. Even trees in his own yard showed symptoms of exposure to dicamba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This board on which Fuller serves is an unusual institution. Its meetings are public. The members — all men at the moment, mostly from small towns across the state — sit around a big table. They include farmers, seed dealers and a few people who work for big chemical companies. All of them volunteer their time. Two nonvoting university scientists are on the board, but there are no lawyers and no politicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the members are proudly independent. The board is “self-governing, by the people, for the people,” says Ray Vester, who represented rice farmers on the board for 18 years, through 2016. Vester says it’s the best system of regulation he has ever seen. “Every other state, their boards are politically appointed by the party in power,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The board is made up of a wealth of the experience,” says George Tidwell, who runs a crop-dusting business and served on the board for 24 years, 15 of them as chairman. “Anything that came before the board, one to a half-dozen board members had personal experience with it. That’s the beauty of this board.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As pesticide regulators across the country debated how to respond to the dicamba debacle, Monsanto argued that the product can be used safely. The problems in 2017, the company said, were the result of mistakes in applying the chemical. In most states, regulators decided to let farmers continue to use dicamba but with some additional restrictions on how it’s used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most states, that decision was made behind closed doors. In Arkansas, though, the plant board argued about it around that meeting table — and anyone with an opinion could drive over to Fuller Seed and Supply, in Poplar Grove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had as many as 15 people at the office before seven o’clock in the morning, all waiting to see me, all on one side of the issue or the other,” says Fuller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, the board decided that dicamba could not be adequately controlled in hot weather, and it banned dicamba spraying during the entire growing season, from April 15 through October. These are the toughest restrictions in the whole country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuller and his fellow board members now are facing attacks from almost every side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto sued the board and each individual member, calling their decision arbitrary, capricious and unlawful. Hundreds of farmers who say they need dicamba to control their weeds signed a petition calling for the board to reconsider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six farmers also filed a lawsuit, arguing that the makeup of the board violates the Arkansas Constitution because some of the members are selected by industries that the board regulates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got angry; we didn’t feel that we were able to be heard,” says Michael McCarty, one of the farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty and the other farmers are proposing a compromise. They want the board to allow spraying of dicamba at least during the first part of the growing season, up to May 25, when the weather is not so hot and dicamba isn’t so prone to drift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gets very emotional,” McCarty says. “We like seeing our fields clean. We like them to be weed-free. And it was a beautiful area last year” when farmers were able to use dicamba on their soybean fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a chance that the plant board itself may not survive in its current form. Proposals have been floated in Arkansas’ legislature to move the board inside the state Department of Agriculture, make it less independent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuller says the conversations he has had with neighbors and customers about the issue have been civil and neighborly. But he knows that some people are angry. “There’s two loaded guns in my office,” he says, and he chuckles. “I felt personally threatened somewhat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He doesn’t regret his vote to shut down dicamba spraying. “I put forth a good effort, to the best of my ability, to protect the citizens of Arkansas,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=These+Citizen-Regulators+In+Arkansas+Defied+Monsanto.+Now+They%27re+Under+Attack&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1919887/volunteer-regulators-banned-a-monsanto-pesticide-so-the-company-sued-each-and-every-one-of-them","authors":["byline_science_1919887"],"categories":["science_35","science_40"],"tags":["science_521"],"featImg":"science_1919888","label":"science"},"science_1918780":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1918780","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1918780","score":null,"sort":[1515697306000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"government-scientists-say-a-controversial-pesticide-is-killing-endangered-salmon","title":"Government Scientists Say A Controversial Pesticide Is Killing Endangered Salmon","publishDate":1515697306,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Government Scientists Say A Controversial Pesticide Is Killing Endangered Salmon | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The federal government’s top fisheries experts say that three widely used pesticides — including the controversial insecticide chlorpyrifos — are jeopardizing the survival of many species of salmon, as well as orcas that feed on those salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a fresh attack on a chemical that the Environmental Protection Agency was ready to take off the market a year ago — until the Trump administration changed course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlorpyrifos is widely used by farmers to protect crops like strawberries, broccoli and citrus fruit from insect pests. In recent years, though, scientists have found evidence that exposure to chlorpyrifos residues can harm the developing brains of small children, even in the womb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, the Environmental Protection Agency issued a proposal that would have stopped farmers from using chlorpyrifos. The final decision, however, fell to the Trump administration, and EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/03/29/521898976/will-the-epa-reject-a-pesticide-or-its-own-scientific-evidence\">decided\u003c/a> to keep the chemical on the market while the agency continues to study its risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new report, however, examines another danger entirely — the risk that chlorpyrifos and two other pesticides, diazinon and malathion, are washing into streams and rivers and harming wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Marine Fisheries Service \u003ca href=\"https://earthjustice.org/news/press/2018/chlorpyrifos-pesticide-harms-salmon-and-orcas-government-report-says\">concluded\u003c/a> that continued use of the chemicals is likely to jeopardize the survival of endangered species of salmon, as well as orcas that eat the salmon. According to the report, use of chlorpyrifos is affecting 38 species of endangered salmon, and it’s having negative effects on 37 areas that have been designated as “critical habitat” for endangered species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, called a “biological opinion,” proposes an array of “reasonable and prudent” actions, short of taking the chemical off the market completely, that could reduce the risk that chlorpyrifos will get into streams and harm fish. They include prohibiting of spraying near streams, limiting aerial spraying, or requiring wide strips of permanent vegetation alongside streams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will be up to the EPA, however, to put those restrictions in place. Sharon Selvaggio, from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pesticide.org/\">Northwest Center for Alternatives to Pesticides\u003c/a>, says that “we certainly hope that the EPA will implement the restrictions.” Yet the EPA often has not done so in the past. The agency’s track record in implementing biological opinions from the NMFS, Selvaggio says, is “pretty bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Selvaggio’s organization is one of several environmental groups that filed a \u003ca href=\"http://www.earthjustice.org/sites/default/files/library/factsheets/salmon_lawsuit_factsheet.pdf?_ga=2.103562624.1871261996.1515614214-427365287.1515614214\">lawsuit\u003c/a>, years ago, that eventually forced the National Marine Fisheries Service to carry out this study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow Agrosciences, which sells chlorpyrifos, tried unsuccessfully last year to prevent the NMFS from issuing this opinion. A lawyer representing the company wrote a \u003ca href=\"http://src.bna.com/n7Y\">letter\u003c/a> to Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross, asking Ross to shut down the NMFS study of chlorpyrifos. (The NMFS is part of the Commerce Department.) Dow Agrosciences argued that the NMFS was carrying out its work in a “fundamentally flawed” way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Dow Agrosciences declined to comment on the NMFS opinion, referring questions to CropLife America, which represents the pesticide industry. A representative of CropLife America said that the organization is preparing its response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Government+Scientists+Say+A+Controversial+Pesticide+Is+Killing+Endangered+Salmon&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The insecticide chlorpyrifos, already under attack for its risk to small children, may be killing salmon as well. The National Marine Fisheries Service is recommending restrictions on its use.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928237,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":530},"headData":{"title":"Government Scientists Say A Controversial Pesticide Is Killing Endangered Salmon | KQED","description":"The insecticide chlorpyrifos, already under attack for its risk to small children, may be killing salmon as well. The National Marine Fisheries Service is recommending restrictions on its use.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Government Scientists Say A Controversial Pesticide Is Killing Endangered Salmon","datePublished":"2018-01-11T19:01:46.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:10:37.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprImageCredit":"Thomas Kline","nprByline":"Dan Charles\u003c/br>","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images/First Light","nprStoryId":"577178180","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=577178180&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/01/11/577178180/government-scientists-say-a-controversial-pesticide-is-killing-endangered-salmon?ft=nprml&f=577178180","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 11 Jan 2018 12:52:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 11 Jan 2018 12:52:10 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 11 Jan 2018 12:52:10 -0500","path":"/science/1918780/government-scientists-say-a-controversial-pesticide-is-killing-endangered-salmon","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The federal government’s top fisheries experts say that three widely used pesticides — including the controversial insecticide chlorpyrifos — are jeopardizing the survival of many species of salmon, as well as orcas that feed on those salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a fresh attack on a chemical that the Environmental Protection Agency was ready to take off the market a year ago — until the Trump administration changed course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlorpyrifos is widely used by farmers to protect crops like strawberries, broccoli and citrus fruit from insect pests. In recent years, though, scientists have found evidence that exposure to chlorpyrifos residues can harm the developing brains of small children, even in the womb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, the Environmental Protection Agency issued a proposal that would have stopped farmers from using chlorpyrifos. The final decision, however, fell to the Trump administration, and EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/03/29/521898976/will-the-epa-reject-a-pesticide-or-its-own-scientific-evidence\">decided\u003c/a> to keep the chemical on the market while the agency continues to study its risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new report, however, examines another danger entirely — the risk that chlorpyrifos and two other pesticides, diazinon and malathion, are washing into streams and rivers and harming wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Marine Fisheries Service \u003ca href=\"https://earthjustice.org/news/press/2018/chlorpyrifos-pesticide-harms-salmon-and-orcas-government-report-says\">concluded\u003c/a> that continued use of the chemicals is likely to jeopardize the survival of endangered species of salmon, as well as orcas that eat the salmon. According to the report, use of chlorpyrifos is affecting 38 species of endangered salmon, and it’s having negative effects on 37 areas that have been designated as “critical habitat” for endangered species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, called a “biological opinion,” proposes an array of “reasonable and prudent” actions, short of taking the chemical off the market completely, that could reduce the risk that chlorpyrifos will get into streams and harm fish. They include prohibiting of spraying near streams, limiting aerial spraying, or requiring wide strips of permanent vegetation alongside streams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will be up to the EPA, however, to put those restrictions in place. Sharon Selvaggio, from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pesticide.org/\">Northwest Center for Alternatives to Pesticides\u003c/a>, says that “we certainly hope that the EPA will implement the restrictions.” Yet the EPA often has not done so in the past. The agency’s track record in implementing biological opinions from the NMFS, Selvaggio says, is “pretty bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Selvaggio’s organization is one of several environmental groups that filed a \u003ca href=\"http://www.earthjustice.org/sites/default/files/library/factsheets/salmon_lawsuit_factsheet.pdf?_ga=2.103562624.1871261996.1515614214-427365287.1515614214\">lawsuit\u003c/a>, years ago, that eventually forced the National Marine Fisheries Service to carry out this study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow Agrosciences, which sells chlorpyrifos, tried unsuccessfully last year to prevent the NMFS from issuing this opinion. A lawyer representing the company wrote a \u003ca href=\"http://src.bna.com/n7Y\">letter\u003c/a> to Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross, asking Ross to shut down the NMFS study of chlorpyrifos. (The NMFS is part of the Commerce Department.) Dow Agrosciences argued that the NMFS was carrying out its work in a “fundamentally flawed” way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Dow Agrosciences declined to comment on the NMFS opinion, referring questions to CropLife America, which represents the pesticide industry. A representative of CropLife America said that the organization is preparing its response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Government+Scientists+Say+A+Controversial+Pesticide+Is+Killing+Endangered+Salmon&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1918780/government-scientists-say-a-controversial-pesticide-is-killing-endangered-salmon","authors":["byline_science_1918780"],"categories":["science_36"],"tags":["science_192","science_3370","science_507","science_813","science_521","science_247"],"featImg":"science_1918783","label":"science"},"science_877173":{"type":"posts","id":"science_877173","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"877173","score":null,"sort":[1469738044000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-adds-atrazine-to-list-of-toxic-chemicals-but-no-ban","title":"California Adds Atrazine to List of Toxic Chemicals, But No Ban","publishDate":1469738044,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California Adds Atrazine to List of Toxic Chemicals, But No Ban | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>Atrazine has been a dirty word among environmentalists for decades. Now state and federal agencies are coming down on the weed killer, amid troubling evidence that it \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/99/8/5476.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">disrupts hormones\u003c/a> and contributes to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23036484\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">birth defects\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, California added atrazine to the Prop 65 list of toxic chemicals since it’s known to cause \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Menstrual_cycle_women_Cragin_20111.pdf\">reproductive harm\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It’s known to affect animals, wildlife, laboratory animals and the data suggests also affects humans.’\u003ccite>Tyrone Hayes, UC Berkeley biologist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And in June, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/EPA-draft-ecological-risk-assessment.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">declared\u003c/a>, “there are risk concerns for mammals, birds, reptiles, plants and plant communities across the country for many atrazine uses.” The agency opened a public comment period for its atrazine draft ecological risk assessment, which is based on new studies. By the end of the year it will issue a separate report on atrazine’s human impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a major about-face for the EPA. Initially, in 2006, the EPA said atrazine \u003ca href=\"https://archive.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/web/pdf/atrazine_combined_docs.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wasn’t a concern\u003c/a>, and that \u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">“the risks associated with the pesticide residues pose a reasonable certainty of no harm.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years later, the agency has changed its tune.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What the EPA is saying now, which I told them 20 years ago, is that this compound is found at levels in the environment where it’s known to affect animals, wildlife, laboratory animals and the data suggests also affects humans,” says biologist \u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/hayest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tyrone Hayes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Berkeley scientist has spent decades researching atrazine’s health implications on amphibians. He discovered that the pesticide chemically castrates male frogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Hayes published his findings about the chemical, Syngenta, the Swiss-based company that produces atrazine, attempted to \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/02/10/a-valuable-reputation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">discredit him\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Not a Household Name\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atrazine is the second most commonly used herbicide in the United States but chances are you’ve never bought it. It’s mainly used on Midwestern corn, sorghum and sugar cane crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California uses more than \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/pur/pur14rep/14_pur.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">20,000 pounds a year\u003c/a>, mostly on corn and grass for livestock in San Joaquin and Imperial county, according to Paul Towers from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.panna.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pesticide Action Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also occasionally sprayed on golf courses and lawns. In home improvement stores like \u003ca href=\"http://www.lowes.com/pd/Sta-Green-5000-Sq-Ft-Ultra-Southern-Phosphorus-Free-Lawn-Fertilizer-and-Atrazine-Weed-Control/3031892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lowe’s\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.homedepot.com/p/IMAGE-32-oz-Concentrate-Herbicide-for-St-Augustine-Grass-and-Centipede-Grass-100099401/100598626\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Home Depot\u003c/a> it’s sold as a fertilizer and herbicide for grass, although in California only certified applicators, like farm owners, can purchase it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Prop 65, the state must publish a \u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/chemicals\">list of chemicals\u003c/a> known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. California businesses must also warn the public of exposure to substances on the list, which is why you may have seen signs at gas stations, parking garages and convenience stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting July 15, 2017, products with atrazine sold in California will require a warning if exposure occurs at high enough levels. The state is \u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/crnr/notice-proposed-rulemaking-madls-atrazine-propazine-simazine-24-diamino-6-chloro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">currently deciding \u003c/a>what that level should be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since approval is required to purchase atrazine, the new labeling requirements will mainly affect the farming industry. Consumers likely won’t see a change on the products they buy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Towers says there’s little concern about the agricultural chemical contaminating California produce, but tap water is a concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has the ability to persist in water for long periods of time, particularly through drinking water, that’s one of the greatest threats to our health and that of our children,” says Towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chemical seeps into soil and enters waterways, where it can contaminate tap water. The EPA requires workers using the pesticide to wear protective gear and doesn’t allow spraying near rivers, lakes or other waterways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2004 Environmental Working Group \u003ca href=\"http://www.ewg.org/tap-water/whatsinyourwater/CA/Rancho-California-Water-District/3310038/\">report\u003c/a> found dangerously high levels of atrazine in drinking water in Riverside, Bakerfield and San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA recently established a new “level of concern” for wildlife exposed to atrazine. Anything above that level likely causes harm. Unfortunately, the agency’s own reporting shows this environmental level was “exceeded by as much as 22, 198 and 62 times for birds, mammals and fish, respectively.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Syngenta criticized the EPA’s draft risk assessment, saying it “contains numerous data and methodological errors and needs to be corrected.” In an email, a company spokesperson said, “atrazine’s safety has been established in nearly 7,000 scientific studies over more than 50 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Too Little, Too Late?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayes says it’s good news that the state added the pesticide to the Prop 65 list, but the federal review feels like too little too late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like those stories you hear about the guy that’s been in jail for four years, who was falsely accused of murder,” says Hayes. “Of course you’re happy, now you’re out of jail, but you’ve also been in jail for four years — or in my case twenty years — so it’s sort of mixed feelings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reached for comment, EPA spokesperson Cathy Milbourn said, “EPA considers all available science, including studies submitted to the agency in support of registration, as well as scientific open literature, in developing its risk assessments and decisions to register pesticides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The European Union banned atrazine in 2004, citing ubiquitous water contamination. But the EPA won’t say whether a ban is on the table, despite the mounting evidence. Why? Hayes opines that economic interests play a role — atrazine is big business for Syngenta. Even the Prop 65 designation took over a year because Syngenta sued the EPA and the state of California \u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/crnr/listingnoticetriazines070516.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to delay\u003c/a> the decision.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Atrazine makes California’s list of toxic chemicals, while the EPA re-evaluates the weed-killer as a possible carcinogen.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704929846,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":995},"headData":{"title":"California Adds Atrazine to List of Toxic Chemicals, But No Ban | KQED","description":"Atrazine makes California’s list of toxic chemicals, while the EPA re-evaluates the weed-killer as a possible carcinogen.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Adds Atrazine to List of Toxic Chemicals, But No Ban","datePublished":"2016-07-28T20:34:04.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:37:26.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/877173/california-adds-atrazine-to-list-of-toxic-chemicals-but-no-ban","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Atrazine has been a dirty word among environmentalists for decades. Now state and federal agencies are coming down on the weed killer, amid troubling evidence that it \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/99/8/5476.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">disrupts hormones\u003c/a> and contributes to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23036484\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">birth defects\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, California added atrazine to the Prop 65 list of toxic chemicals since it’s known to cause \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Menstrual_cycle_women_Cragin_20111.pdf\">reproductive harm\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It’s known to affect animals, wildlife, laboratory animals and the data suggests also affects humans.’\u003ccite>Tyrone Hayes, UC Berkeley biologist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And in June, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/EPA-draft-ecological-risk-assessment.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">declared\u003c/a>, “there are risk concerns for mammals, birds, reptiles, plants and plant communities across the country for many atrazine uses.” The agency opened a public comment period for its atrazine draft ecological risk assessment, which is based on new studies. By the end of the year it will issue a separate report on atrazine’s human impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a major about-face for the EPA. Initially, in 2006, the EPA said atrazine \u003ca href=\"https://archive.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/web/pdf/atrazine_combined_docs.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wasn’t a concern\u003c/a>, and that \u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">“the risks associated with the pesticide residues pose a reasonable certainty of no harm.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years later, the agency has changed its tune.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What the EPA is saying now, which I told them 20 years ago, is that this compound is found at levels in the environment where it’s known to affect animals, wildlife, laboratory animals and the data suggests also affects humans,” says biologist \u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/hayest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tyrone Hayes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Berkeley scientist has spent decades researching atrazine’s health implications on amphibians. He discovered that the pesticide chemically castrates male frogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Hayes published his findings about the chemical, Syngenta, the Swiss-based company that produces atrazine, attempted to \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/02/10/a-valuable-reputation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">discredit him\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Not a Household Name\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atrazine is the second most commonly used herbicide in the United States but chances are you’ve never bought it. It’s mainly used on Midwestern corn, sorghum and sugar cane crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California uses more than \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/pur/pur14rep/14_pur.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">20,000 pounds a year\u003c/a>, mostly on corn and grass for livestock in San Joaquin and Imperial county, according to Paul Towers from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.panna.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pesticide Action Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also occasionally sprayed on golf courses and lawns. In home improvement stores like \u003ca href=\"http://www.lowes.com/pd/Sta-Green-5000-Sq-Ft-Ultra-Southern-Phosphorus-Free-Lawn-Fertilizer-and-Atrazine-Weed-Control/3031892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lowe’s\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.homedepot.com/p/IMAGE-32-oz-Concentrate-Herbicide-for-St-Augustine-Grass-and-Centipede-Grass-100099401/100598626\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Home Depot\u003c/a> it’s sold as a fertilizer and herbicide for grass, although in California only certified applicators, like farm owners, can purchase it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Prop 65, the state must publish a \u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/chemicals\">list of chemicals\u003c/a> known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. California businesses must also warn the public of exposure to substances on the list, which is why you may have seen signs at gas stations, parking garages and convenience stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting July 15, 2017, products with atrazine sold in California will require a warning if exposure occurs at high enough levels. The state is \u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/crnr/notice-proposed-rulemaking-madls-atrazine-propazine-simazine-24-diamino-6-chloro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">currently deciding \u003c/a>what that level should be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since approval is required to purchase atrazine, the new labeling requirements will mainly affect the farming industry. Consumers likely won’t see a change on the products they buy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Towers says there’s little concern about the agricultural chemical contaminating California produce, but tap water is a concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has the ability to persist in water for long periods of time, particularly through drinking water, that’s one of the greatest threats to our health and that of our children,” says Towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chemical seeps into soil and enters waterways, where it can contaminate tap water. The EPA requires workers using the pesticide to wear protective gear and doesn’t allow spraying near rivers, lakes or other waterways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2004 Environmental Working Group \u003ca href=\"http://www.ewg.org/tap-water/whatsinyourwater/CA/Rancho-California-Water-District/3310038/\">report\u003c/a> found dangerously high levels of atrazine in drinking water in Riverside, Bakerfield and San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA recently established a new “level of concern” for wildlife exposed to atrazine. Anything above that level likely causes harm. Unfortunately, the agency’s own reporting shows this environmental level was “exceeded by as much as 22, 198 and 62 times for birds, mammals and fish, respectively.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Syngenta criticized the EPA’s draft risk assessment, saying it “contains numerous data and methodological errors and needs to be corrected.” In an email, a company spokesperson said, “atrazine’s safety has been established in nearly 7,000 scientific studies over more than 50 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Too Little, Too Late?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayes says it’s good news that the state added the pesticide to the Prop 65 list, but the federal review feels like too little too late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like those stories you hear about the guy that’s been in jail for four years, who was falsely accused of murder,” says Hayes. “Of course you’re happy, now you’re out of jail, but you’ve also been in jail for four years — or in my case twenty years — so it’s sort of mixed feelings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reached for comment, EPA spokesperson Cathy Milbourn said, “EPA considers all available science, including studies submitted to the agency in support of registration, as well as scientific open literature, in developing its risk assessments and decisions to register pesticides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The European Union banned atrazine in 2004, citing ubiquitous water contamination. But the EPA won’t say whether a ban is on the table, despite the mounting evidence. Why? Hayes opines that economic interests play a role — atrazine is big business for Syngenta. Even the Prop 65 designation took over a year because Syngenta sued the EPA and the state of California \u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/crnr/listingnoticetriazines070516.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to delay\u003c/a> the decision.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/877173/california-adds-atrazine-to-list-of-toxic-chemicals-but-no-ban","authors":["5432"],"categories":["science_29","science_35","science_40"],"tags":["science_1452","science_521"],"featImg":"science_884096","label":"science"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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