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Her work can also be heard on NPR, \u003cem>Here & Now, \u003c/em>and PRI. Before working in audio, she taught, leading groups of students abroad. One of her favorite jobs was teaching on the Thai-Burmese border, working with immigrants and refugees.\r\n\r\nLaura has won three Northern California Area Emmys along with her Deep Look colleagues. She's won the North Gate Award for Excellence in Audio Reporting and the Gobind Behari Lal Award for a radio documentary about adults with imaginary friends. She's a fellowship junkie, completing the USC Center for Health Journalism's California Fellowship, UC Berkeley's Human Rights Fellowship and the Coro Fellowship in Public Affairs. Laura has a master’s in journalism from UC Berkeley and a master’s in education from Harvard.\r\n\r\nShe likes to eat chocolate for breakfast. She's also open to eating it all day long.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/af8e757bb8ce7b7fee6160ba66e37327?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"lauraklivans","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["contributor","editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Laura Klivans | KQED","description":"Reporter and Host","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/af8e757bb8ce7b7fee6160ba66e37327?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/af8e757bb8ce7b7fee6160ba66e37327?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lklivans"},"lesleymcclurg":{"type":"authors","id":"11229","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11229","found":true},"name":"Lesley McClurg","firstName":"Lesley","lastName":"McClurg","slug":"lesleymcclurg","email":"lmcclurg@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news","science"],"title":"KQED Health Correspondent","bio":"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lesley McClurg is a health correspondent and fill-in host. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Her work is regularly rebroadcast on numerous NPR and PBS shows. She has won several regional Emmy awards, a regional and a national Edward R. Murrow award. The Association for Health Journalists awarded Lesley best beat coverage. The Society of Professional Journalists has recognized her reporting several times. The Society of Environmental Journalists spotlighted her ongoing coverage of California's historic drought. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before joining KQED in 2016, she covered food and sustainability for Capital Public Radio, the environment for Colorado Public Radio, and reported for both KUOW and KCTS9 in Seattle. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When not hunched over her laptop Lesley enjoys skiing with her toddler, surfing with her husband or scheming their next globetrotting adventure. Before motherhood she relished dancing tango till sunrise. When on deadline she fuels herself almost exclusively on chocolate chips.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3fb78e873af3312f34d0bc1d60a07c7f?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"lesleywmcclurg","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["author"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lesley McClurg | KQED","description":"KQED Health Correspondent","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3fb78e873af3312f34d0bc1d60a07c7f?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3fb78e873af3312f34d0bc1d60a07c7f?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lesleymcclurg"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"science_1982448":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1982448","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1982448","score":null,"sort":[1682446656000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"uc-researchers-examine-how-smoke-from-californias-megafires-affects-pregnancy-and-children","title":"UC Researchers Examine How Smoke From California's Megafires Affects Pregnancy and Children","publishDate":1682446656,"format":"standard","headTitle":"UC Researchers Examine How Smoke From California’s Megafires Affects Pregnancy and Children | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>When wildfires spread through parts of Northern California wine country in 2017, they melted electronics, combusted cars and exploded propane tanks. The fires sent acrid smoke billowing into the sky, its footprint wafting over the state and extending for 500 miles into the Pacific Ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, Rebecca Schmidt, a molecular epidemiologist at UC Davis, was working on a study that followed families of children with autism who were expecting another child. When the fires spread, pregnant participants in the research started asking whether they should be worried about the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schmidt and her collaborators didn’t know what to say. There wasn’t much existing research on how wildfire smoke affects pregnancy. “I would have been wondering the same thing,” she said. “We really couldn’t tell them how concerned they needed to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She decided to try to find the answers herself. Over the last several years, Schmidt and a team of fellow scientists have collected biological samples like hair, saliva and blood from pregnant people in California to better understand the health effects of smoke exposure on babies and those who birth them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study’s timeline overlapped with numerous huge fires in the state, and researchers are still assessing the results. But the number of participants wasn’t large enough to fully understand the relationship between exposure and birth outcomes or developmental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Schmidt and a team of researchers are expanding the scope, examining two decades of statewide health and birth records alongside wildfire smoke data to determine which pockets of California are bearing the brunt of the smoke and what effects that environmental exposure could be having on early life. The results could have wide-reaching implications for locations experiencing similar spikes in hazardous fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s only going to get worse with climate change,” Schmidt said. “Learning about it is relevant for everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team, which includes nine researchers from UC Davis and UCLA, will be led by Schmidt and Miriam Nuño, a UC Davis biostatistician who researches public health and health disparities. In addition to identifying communities where wildfire smoke may be causing harm and analyzing health impacts, the scientists will engage with community members on ways they can better protect themselves, like wearing N95 masks or installing relatively cheap indoor air filters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Nuño and Schmidt have long studied human health. And both grew up in areas where air pollution was a part of daily life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born and raised in Iowa, Schmidt drove past agricultural fields where pesticides at times hung in the air like a “brown shroud” on her way to school. She lived in the state through graduate school, earning her Ph.D. in epidemiology at the University of Iowa. When she moved to California in 2008, the state was experiencing drought and a devastating fire year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember thinking, ‘Is it going to be like this every year?’” she said. “I’ve definitely had to modify my life around smoke exposure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nuño moved to California from Guadalajara, Mexico, when she was 14, settling in Los Angeles and then the city of Riverside, about 60 miles east. In areas inland of Los Angeles, smog and pollution blow in from the west and sit there, with nearby mountains preventing dispersal. At the time, she didn’t realize poor air quality was a problem there, she said, and she didn’t expect to pursue health-related research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those clouds of gray smoke — I never grew up realizing that was even an issue,” she said. “Often, you worry about other things, like do you have enough to eat and things like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nuño studied pure mathematics at UC Riverside, and planned on getting her Ph.D. in applied math and biostatistics, although she couldn’t entirely envision a future limited to studying mathematical concepts. Then, while in graduate school, she attended a lecture on math and HIV modeling. “That was really the change for me,” she said. “I want to do research that people can read about, and it can have some change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After studying math and computational biology during her Ph.D. work at Cornell University and completing fellowships in biostatistics at the Harvard School of Public Health and UCLA, Nuño increasingly focused her research on real-world health data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the COVID-19 pandemic arrived in 2020, she began working with the city of Davis to forecast infection rates. It was her “first taste,” she said, of how her skills could help focus resources, like testing and vaccination, to reduce the disproportionate health impacts in underserved communities. Mathematical modeling and statistical analysis are powerful, she said, “but if you’re not looking with the lens of equity and health equity, then you’re missing the picture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study on wildfire smoke is Nuño’s first collaboration with Schmidt. Their work will be funded by a $1.35 million grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency focused on environmental justice and climate-related health impacts on vulnerable populations and on life stages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To date, only a few studies have looked at the impact of wildfire smoke on birth outcomes, such as a 2022 paper from scientists at Stanford University that \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001393512101166X?via%3Dihub\">attributed nearly 7,000 preterm births from 2006 to 2012 in California to wildfire smoke exposure\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past research has largely focused on the years preceding California’s parade of record-breaking wildfires in the last decade. By focusing on a more recent time period that encompasses those extreme fires, the UCLA and UC Davis research may yield different findings from the earlier research, said Amy Padula, an epidemiologist at UCSF’s School of Medicine, who is using California birth records to conduct separate research on wildfire-related air pollution and birth outcomes from 2007 to 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More research is needed, said Nuño, in part because of the size of climate-worsened fires but also because of where they’re burning. As people move into forested areas, and wildfires spread to inhabited zones, the flames are combusting not just trees and vegetation but also homes and all the objects inside them. That changes the chemical makeup of smoke and the dangers of exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team is currently mapping the parts of the state that are at high risk for smoke exposure. Then the group will determine where that exposure varies, and how that intersects with race, income level, exposure to pollutants and other factors. In addition to looking at birth weight and gestational age, the team will examine health data on developmental outcomes and autism diagnoses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While data collected from birth records and from measuring wildfire smoke, birth outcomes and later development will guide their work, collaborators are paying close attention to communities where many people spend a lot of time outside, such as agricultural areas where many farmworkers live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Communities of color and lower-income communities experience disproportionate air pollution, and the team expects the same will be true for wildfire exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of this is systemic,” said Natalia Deeb-Sossa, sociologist and professor of Chicana/o studies at UC Davis, who is working on the team. “Wildfires are now every year more and more common because of climate change. I believe that is something that is affecting more and more of our more vulnerable communities and populations, and I think it’s really important that we do something about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past research has linked air pollution to lower birth weights and preterm births, which can have a negative impact on health later in life. The California study, which will run into 2025, could provide more clarity on the extent to which those effects also result from wildfire smoke, for those inside and outside the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole world’s been impacted by wildfire smoke at this point,” Schmidt said. “It’s not easy to run from anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/\">Inside Climate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/newsletter/\">Sign up for the ICN newsletter here.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The researchers are examining decades of birth records and wildfire smoke data to understand how wildfires affect pregnancy and children’s health.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704846034,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1396},"headData":{"title":"UC Researchers Examine How Smoke From California's Megafires Affects Pregnancy and Children | KQED","description":"The researchers are examining decades of birth records and wildfire smoke data to understand how wildfires affect pregnancy and children’s health.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Inside Climate News","sticky":false,"nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/profile/emma-foehringer-merchant/\">Emma Foehringer Merchant\u003c/a> \u003cbr>Inside Climate News \u003cbr>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1982448/uc-researchers-examine-how-smoke-from-californias-megafires-affects-pregnancy-and-children","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When wildfires spread through parts of Northern California wine country in 2017, they melted electronics, combusted cars and exploded propane tanks. The fires sent acrid smoke billowing into the sky, its footprint wafting over the state and extending for 500 miles into the Pacific Ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, Rebecca Schmidt, a molecular epidemiologist at UC Davis, was working on a study that followed families of children with autism who were expecting another child. When the fires spread, pregnant participants in the research started asking whether they should be worried about the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schmidt and her collaborators didn’t know what to say. There wasn’t much existing research on how wildfire smoke affects pregnancy. “I would have been wondering the same thing,” she said. “We really couldn’t tell them how concerned they needed to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She decided to try to find the answers herself. Over the last several years, Schmidt and a team of fellow scientists have collected biological samples like hair, saliva and blood from pregnant people in California to better understand the health effects of smoke exposure on babies and those who birth them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study’s timeline overlapped with numerous huge fires in the state, and researchers are still assessing the results. But the number of participants wasn’t large enough to fully understand the relationship between exposure and birth outcomes or developmental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Schmidt and a team of researchers are expanding the scope, examining two decades of statewide health and birth records alongside wildfire smoke data to determine which pockets of California are bearing the brunt of the smoke and what effects that environmental exposure could be having on early life. The results could have wide-reaching implications for locations experiencing similar spikes in hazardous fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s only going to get worse with climate change,” Schmidt said. “Learning about it is relevant for everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team, which includes nine researchers from UC Davis and UCLA, will be led by Schmidt and Miriam Nuño, a UC Davis biostatistician who researches public health and health disparities. In addition to identifying communities where wildfire smoke may be causing harm and analyzing health impacts, the scientists will engage with community members on ways they can better protect themselves, like wearing N95 masks or installing relatively cheap indoor air filters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Nuño and Schmidt have long studied human health. And both grew up in areas where air pollution was a part of daily life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born and raised in Iowa, Schmidt drove past agricultural fields where pesticides at times hung in the air like a “brown shroud” on her way to school. She lived in the state through graduate school, earning her Ph.D. in epidemiology at the University of Iowa. When she moved to California in 2008, the state was experiencing drought and a devastating fire year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember thinking, ‘Is it going to be like this every year?’” she said. “I’ve definitely had to modify my life around smoke exposure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nuño moved to California from Guadalajara, Mexico, when she was 14, settling in Los Angeles and then the city of Riverside, about 60 miles east. In areas inland of Los Angeles, smog and pollution blow in from the west and sit there, with nearby mountains preventing dispersal. At the time, she didn’t realize poor air quality was a problem there, she said, and she didn’t expect to pursue health-related research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those clouds of gray smoke — I never grew up realizing that was even an issue,” she said. “Often, you worry about other things, like do you have enough to eat and things like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nuño studied pure mathematics at UC Riverside, and planned on getting her Ph.D. in applied math and biostatistics, although she couldn’t entirely envision a future limited to studying mathematical concepts. Then, while in graduate school, she attended a lecture on math and HIV modeling. “That was really the change for me,” she said. “I want to do research that people can read about, and it can have some change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After studying math and computational biology during her Ph.D. work at Cornell University and completing fellowships in biostatistics at the Harvard School of Public Health and UCLA, Nuño increasingly focused her research on real-world health data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the COVID-19 pandemic arrived in 2020, she began working with the city of Davis to forecast infection rates. It was her “first taste,” she said, of how her skills could help focus resources, like testing and vaccination, to reduce the disproportionate health impacts in underserved communities. Mathematical modeling and statistical analysis are powerful, she said, “but if you’re not looking with the lens of equity and health equity, then you’re missing the picture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study on wildfire smoke is Nuño’s first collaboration with Schmidt. Their work will be funded by a $1.35 million grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency focused on environmental justice and climate-related health impacts on vulnerable populations and on life stages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To date, only a few studies have looked at the impact of wildfire smoke on birth outcomes, such as a 2022 paper from scientists at Stanford University that \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001393512101166X?via%3Dihub\">attributed nearly 7,000 preterm births from 2006 to 2012 in California to wildfire smoke exposure\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past research has largely focused on the years preceding California’s parade of record-breaking wildfires in the last decade. By focusing on a more recent time period that encompasses those extreme fires, the UCLA and UC Davis research may yield different findings from the earlier research, said Amy Padula, an epidemiologist at UCSF’s School of Medicine, who is using California birth records to conduct separate research on wildfire-related air pollution and birth outcomes from 2007 to 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More research is needed, said Nuño, in part because of the size of climate-worsened fires but also because of where they’re burning. As people move into forested areas, and wildfires spread to inhabited zones, the flames are combusting not just trees and vegetation but also homes and all the objects inside them. That changes the chemical makeup of smoke and the dangers of exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team is currently mapping the parts of the state that are at high risk for smoke exposure. Then the group will determine where that exposure varies, and how that intersects with race, income level, exposure to pollutants and other factors. In addition to looking at birth weight and gestational age, the team will examine health data on developmental outcomes and autism diagnoses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While data collected from birth records and from measuring wildfire smoke, birth outcomes and later development will guide their work, collaborators are paying close attention to communities where many people spend a lot of time outside, such as agricultural areas where many farmworkers live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Communities of color and lower-income communities experience disproportionate air pollution, and the team expects the same will be true for wildfire exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of this is systemic,” said Natalia Deeb-Sossa, sociologist and professor of Chicana/o studies at UC Davis, who is working on the team. “Wildfires are now every year more and more common because of climate change. I believe that is something that is affecting more and more of our more vulnerable communities and populations, and I think it’s really important that we do something about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past research has linked air pollution to lower birth weights and preterm births, which can have a negative impact on health later in life. The California study, which will run into 2025, could provide more clarity on the extent to which those effects also result from wildfire smoke, for those inside and outside the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole world’s been impacted by wildfire smoke at this point,” Schmidt said. “It’s not easy to run from anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/\">Inside Climate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/newsletter/\">Sign up for the ICN newsletter here.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1982448/uc-researchers-examine-how-smoke-from-californias-megafires-affects-pregnancy-and-children","authors":["byline_science_1982448"],"categories":["science_31","science_35","science_39","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_512","science_112","science_5181","science_616","science_3463","science_113"],"featImg":"science_1982449","label":"source_science_1982448"},"science_1974636":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1974636","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1974636","score":null,"sort":[1620665232000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"why-this-bay-area-family-had-their-three-year-old-vaccinated","title":"Why This Bay Area Family Had Their 3-Year-Old Vaccinated","publishDate":1620665232,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Why This Bay Area Family Had Their 3-Year-Old Vaccinated | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp class=\"p2\">Eloise LaCour clutches her dolly as a nurse takes her blood pressure, then swabs the 3-year-old’s delicate arm with alcohol.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“Tickle Tickle,” says Eloise’s mom Angelica LaCour. She’s trying to get a smile. “Mommy’s going to hug you, OK?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The nurse, carefully, gives Eloise her shot. Here at a Stanford University medical facility, she is one of 144 children in the country who are part of a phase one clinical trial to test Pfizer-BioNTech COVID vaccines in the most adorable of study cohorts — those 5 and under.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“That’s it!” exclaims nurse manager Richard Brotherton, pulling the needle out of Eloise’s arm.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">Eloise barely flinches. In fact, under her mask it looks like she’s smiling.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look at you brave kid,” beams her mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The next day, Eloise has yet to complain of any side effects — not even an ouch in her arm where the needle went in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">While an unfortunate number of people are still hesitating about the remarkably effective vaccines, let alone enrolling their kids in clinical trials, Angelica LaCour speaks of the importance of getting children inoculated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s just really important to highlight that we’re not going to get to herd immunity as a country if children are not vaccinated,” she said. “We don’t know the long-term impacts of the virus. And we know that this is a well-tolerated vaccine that’s saving people’s lives. And it’s important that our children get that as well. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the family was initially nervous about enrolling their only daughter in the early trial. But they’ weren’t sure they’d be any less so in six months, a year, or whenever the official rollout of vaccines for the youngest Americans takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Eloise is healthy, “We know that there’s a lot of other families with kids with vulnerabilities where COVID is potentially life-threatening,” LaCour said. “And so being part of making this a reality for those families is something that is really meaningful to us.”\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cb>Second Dose\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">After three weeks it’s time for Eloise’s second poke. She has decided to dress up as her favorite character from the Pixar movie “Brave.” This time, she squirms a little more but still doesn’t cry.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">That night she complains her head hurts a little and that her arm is sore. Nothing that can’t be solved with a low dose of Tylenol, says her mom. Otherwise she’s running around\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“Lots of energy,” LaCour says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Now, a couple of days before her father has gotten his second shot, Eloise is one of a small number of children in the country to be fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Soon the family will start planning a summer vacation.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Stanford scientists will track Eloise for the next two years to make sure all goes well. The next phases will involve enrolling many more children, eventually thousands, to study accurate dosage, vaccine safety, immune response and efficacy.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cb>Kids Rollout Could Begin Next Fall\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Pfizer\u003c/span> is planning to apply to the Food and Drug Administration in September for emergency authorization of the vaccine for children age 2 to 11. Meanwhile, the company is expected to receive permission any day now to vaccinate 12- to 15-year-olds. \u003ca href=\"https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-announces-first-participants-dosed-phase-23-study-0\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Moderna\u003c/span>\u003c/a> is also conducting clinical trials in kids for its vaccine.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">This science would not be possible without children and parents who are willing to go first, which is why Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, a pediatric infectious disease expert at Stanford Medicine who is leading the trial, lauds the family’s courage.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“If we didn’t have clinical trials, we’d have zero vaccines for children,” she said. “And we save 3 million lives a year from death due to vaccine-preventable diseases as well.”\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Last week the Kaiser Family Foundation released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/poll-finding/kff-covid-19-vaccine-monitor-april-2021/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">survey\u003c/span>\u003c/a> showing fewer than a third of parents reporting plans to get their kids COVID shots as soon as it’s possible. \u003cspan class=\"s3\">Another 32% said they would “wait and see.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cspan class=\"s4\">Health officials hope the hesitation eases over time, as it did for adult vaccines. \u003c/span>The current survey percentages are similar to what U.S. adults expressed in a KFF September \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/report-section/kff-the-undefeated-survey-on-race-and-health-main-findings/#COVID-19Vaccine\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">survey\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, in which 34% of adults said they would get a vaccine “right away,” with 29% in the wait-and-see camp.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Getting parents on board is critical to stamping out the virus and reaching herd immunity, that by now almost mythical juncture\u003cspan class=\"s5\"> when the vast majority of a population will be protected from COVID-19.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">“We need to make sure that we can limit transmission,” said Maldonado. “And if we can reach children, that really gets to a fairly large segment of the U.S. population.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Stanford scientists are conducting an early trial administering coronavirus vaccines to children under five-years-old. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704846620,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":863},"headData":{"title":"Why This Bay Area Family Had Their 3-Year-Old Vaccinated | KQED","description":"Stanford scientists are conducting an early trial administering coronavirus vaccines to children under five-years-old. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-4[…]f-aaef00f5a073/5b1da0e6-cfd8-49cd-808e-ad2100f0107f/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1974636/why-this-bay-area-family-had-their-three-year-old-vaccinated","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p2\">Eloise LaCour clutches her dolly as a nurse takes her blood pressure, then swabs the 3-year-old’s delicate arm with alcohol.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“Tickle Tickle,” says Eloise’s mom Angelica LaCour. She’s trying to get a smile. “Mommy’s going to hug you, OK?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The nurse, carefully, gives Eloise her shot. Here at a Stanford University medical facility, she is one of 144 children in the country who are part of a phase one clinical trial to test Pfizer-BioNTech COVID vaccines in the most adorable of study cohorts — those 5 and under.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“That’s it!” exclaims nurse manager Richard Brotherton, pulling the needle out of Eloise’s arm.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">Eloise barely flinches. In fact, under her mask it looks like she’s smiling.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look at you brave kid,” beams her mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The next day, Eloise has yet to complain of any side effects — not even an ouch in her arm where the needle went in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">While an unfortunate number of people are still hesitating about the remarkably effective vaccines, let alone enrolling their kids in clinical trials, Angelica LaCour speaks of the importance of getting children inoculated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s just really important to highlight that we’re not going to get to herd immunity as a country if children are not vaccinated,” she said. “We don’t know the long-term impacts of the virus. And we know that this is a well-tolerated vaccine that’s saving people’s lives. And it’s important that our children get that as well. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the family was initially nervous about enrolling their only daughter in the early trial. But they’ weren’t sure they’d be any less so in six months, a year, or whenever the official rollout of vaccines for the youngest Americans takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Eloise is healthy, “We know that there’s a lot of other families with kids with vulnerabilities where COVID is potentially life-threatening,” LaCour said. “And so being part of making this a reality for those families is something that is really meaningful to us.”\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cb>Second Dose\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">After three weeks it’s time for Eloise’s second poke. She has decided to dress up as her favorite character from the Pixar movie “Brave.” This time, she squirms a little more but still doesn’t cry.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">That night she complains her head hurts a little and that her arm is sore. Nothing that can’t be solved with a low dose of Tylenol, says her mom. Otherwise she’s running around\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“Lots of energy,” LaCour says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Now, a couple of days before her father has gotten his second shot, Eloise is one of a small number of children in the country to be fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Soon the family will start planning a summer vacation.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Stanford scientists will track Eloise for the next two years to make sure all goes well. The next phases will involve enrolling many more children, eventually thousands, to study accurate dosage, vaccine safety, immune response and efficacy.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cb>Kids Rollout Could Begin Next Fall\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Pfizer\u003c/span> is planning to apply to the Food and Drug Administration in September for emergency authorization of the vaccine for children age 2 to 11. Meanwhile, the company is expected to receive permission any day now to vaccinate 12- to 15-year-olds. \u003ca href=\"https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-announces-first-participants-dosed-phase-23-study-0\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Moderna\u003c/span>\u003c/a> is also conducting clinical trials in kids for its vaccine.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">This science would not be possible without children and parents who are willing to go first, which is why Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, a pediatric infectious disease expert at Stanford Medicine who is leading the trial, lauds the family’s courage.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“If we didn’t have clinical trials, we’d have zero vaccines for children,” she said. “And we save 3 million lives a year from death due to vaccine-preventable diseases as well.”\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Last week the Kaiser Family Foundation released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/poll-finding/kff-covid-19-vaccine-monitor-april-2021/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">survey\u003c/span>\u003c/a> showing fewer than a third of parents reporting plans to get their kids COVID shots as soon as it’s possible. \u003cspan class=\"s3\">Another 32% said they would “wait and see.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cspan class=\"s4\">Health officials hope the hesitation eases over time, as it did for adult vaccines. \u003c/span>The current survey percentages are similar to what U.S. adults expressed in a KFF September \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/report-section/kff-the-undefeated-survey-on-race-and-health-main-findings/#COVID-19Vaccine\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">survey\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, in which 34% of adults said they would get a vaccine “right away,” with 29% in the wait-and-see camp.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Getting parents on board is critical to stamping out the virus and reaching herd immunity, that by now almost mythical juncture\u003cspan class=\"s5\"> when the vast majority of a population will be protected from COVID-19.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">“We need to make sure that we can limit transmission,” said Maldonado. “And if we can reach children, that really gets to a fairly large segment of the U.S. population.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1974636/why-this-bay-area-family-had-their-three-year-old-vaccinated","authors":["11229"],"categories":["science_39","science_3890","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_512","science_4368","science_4414","science_197"],"featImg":"science_1974637","label":"science"},"science_1967728":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1967728","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1967728","score":null,"sort":[1595984533000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-the-coronavirus-could-shrink-the-number-of-child-care-providers","title":"San Francisco Child Care Providers Are Hurting During Coronavirus Pandemic","publishDate":1595984533,"format":"audio","headTitle":"San Francisco Child Care Providers Are Hurting During Coronavirus Pandemic | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated July 30\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care looks very different at Baby Steps Nature School in San Francisco since the start of the coronavirus pandemic. And it’s not just because staff are taking temperatures, greeting families at the curb, and everyone over three is wearing a face mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The games the children and staff play are different too, said owner Patricia Sullivan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of their big games right now is ‘The Floor Is Lava,'” Sullivan said. “We do obstacle courses, things that they still get to have fun together, but they don’t have to necessarily touch each other all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the songs that staff sing with kids are more calming, as are the books that the group reads. Sullivan said that’s because her young pupils know something is off these days, even if they can’t articulate it. Instead of focusing on activity after activity, she said, the whole group is slowing down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most important thing to do this is to really spend more time talking to each other, listening to what the kids are saying,” said Sullivan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the daily routine at Baby Steps, the entire child care industry has absorbed a seismic jolt. Parents are grappling with the decision of whether to send their kids back to day care, and persistent low enrollment endangers the long-term health of the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align='right' citation='Gina Fromer']‘If you’re a family day care home and you were supporting 24 kids pre-COVID and now you can have six, what does that do for your business?’[/pullquote]Sullivan represents hundreds of other home-based providers through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fccasf.com/en-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Family Child Care Association of San Francisco.\u003c/a> She said the group is made up largely of women of color, and they’re facing a challenging loss of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the parents chose not to return, we were no longer getting paid,” she said, reflecting on the time since June 1, when day care centers serving the general public were allowed to reopen. Those serving the children of essential workers have been allowed to stay open throughout the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan said there were already shortages in available child care spots for infants and toddlers in San Francisco, and if providers close permanently, people with very young children “are going to have a hard time finding care.” She also said providers who offer “off-hours care,” anything outside of the hours of 7 a.m. to 6 p.m., are less likely to stay open, since many are primarily essential workers in other sectors, like grocery stores, and caring for children would be too risky in terms of coronavirus transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gina Fromer, CEO of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.childrenscouncil.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Children’s Council of San Francisco\u003c/a>, an advocacy group for child care, said providers “are hurting right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While San Francisco and the state have extended some financial relief, Fromer said strict COVID guidelines mean “the majority of the sites in San Francisco are operating at half capacity,” as they must adhere to social distancing, smaller group sizes, and fewer children returning out of family choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re a family day care home and you were supporting 24 kids pre-COVID and now you can have six, what does that do for your business?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, just over 40% of San Francisco’s roughly 1,100 child care providers are currently closed, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://sfoece.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco Office of Early Care & Education\u003c/a>. This includes larger centers, often run by companies out of a specific site, and family day cares, which are smaller and typically based in a provider’s home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fromer said some of these providers won’t open back up again, which is not just a problem for children, families, and the child care industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no road to recovery in San Francisco without child care,” she said, noting that businesses will suffer if their employees can’t find proper care for their kids. She estimates that 40% of child care providers shut down after the 2007-8 economic recession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need local, state and federal investment in child care infrastructure in order for the economy to bounce back,” said Fromer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some families are choosing not to send their children back to day care due to the expense and fear of their children getting or passing the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Naomi Bardach, associate professor of pediatrics and health policy at UCSF, said there are risks of children getting COVID-19 and transmitting the virus to adults, but those dangers are low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most younger kids get very mild illness if they get ill at all, and they are much less likely to get it compared to adults,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout all of California, the number of child care staff, children and their parents \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdss.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">who’ve tested positive\u003c/a> for the virus is roughly 1,518 as of July 29. Of that number, 313 were children, 562 were staff, 489 were parents, and 154 were in none of those categories, such as people who live in the home of a family day care worker but are not on staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compared to the total number of preschool children in California, which she estimated “in the hundreds of thousands at least,” the number of children at day care who’ve tested positive is relatively low, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bardach said of the positive coronavirus cases associated with child care, “We’re not totally sure if it came from the community or the preschools. And then the other thing is we have to just put it in the context of [how] we take some risks normally in our lives when we drive in a car or cross the street.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that when parents make their decisions, it’s important to consider how prevalent the virus is in their community, and what the safety practices are at their specific child care setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at Baby Steps Nature School, Sullivan understands that parents are fearful. Even if they do send their kids to day care, she sees that fear pop up in other ways — through the kids. She said her young charges are afraid to separate from their parents because they worry their mom or dad may get the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan is calming these fears with another change to her day care: pasting pictures of parents in the children’s cubbies.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Roughly 40% of child care providers are closed in San Francisco, and child care advocates fear this will lead to a long-term shortage.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704847147,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1109},"headData":{"title":"San Francisco Child Care Providers Are Hurting During Coronavirus Pandemic | KQED","description":"Roughly 40% of child care providers are closed in San Francisco, and child care advocates fear this will lead to a long-term shortage.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Coronavirus","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/6d21c967-f44c-4882-b3f4-ac060123c698/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1967728/how-the-coronavirus-could-shrink-the-number-of-child-care-providers","audioDuration":190000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated July 30\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care looks very different at Baby Steps Nature School in San Francisco since the start of the coronavirus pandemic. And it’s not just because staff are taking temperatures, greeting families at the curb, and everyone over three is wearing a face mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The games the children and staff play are different too, said owner Patricia Sullivan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of their big games right now is ‘The Floor Is Lava,'” Sullivan said. “We do obstacle courses, things that they still get to have fun together, but they don’t have to necessarily touch each other all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the songs that staff sing with kids are more calming, as are the books that the group reads. Sullivan said that’s because her young pupils know something is off these days, even if they can’t articulate it. Instead of focusing on activity after activity, she said, the whole group is slowing down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most important thing to do this is to really spend more time talking to each other, listening to what the kids are saying,” said Sullivan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the daily routine at Baby Steps, the entire child care industry has absorbed a seismic jolt. Parents are grappling with the decision of whether to send their kids back to day care, and persistent low enrollment endangers the long-term health of the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘If you’re a family day care home and you were supporting 24 kids pre-COVID and now you can have six, what does that do for your business?’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","citation":"Gina Fromer","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Sullivan represents hundreds of other home-based providers through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fccasf.com/en-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Family Child Care Association of San Francisco.\u003c/a> She said the group is made up largely of women of color, and they’re facing a challenging loss of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the parents chose not to return, we were no longer getting paid,” she said, reflecting on the time since June 1, when day care centers serving the general public were allowed to reopen. Those serving the children of essential workers have been allowed to stay open throughout the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan said there were already shortages in available child care spots for infants and toddlers in San Francisco, and if providers close permanently, people with very young children “are going to have a hard time finding care.” She also said providers who offer “off-hours care,” anything outside of the hours of 7 a.m. to 6 p.m., are less likely to stay open, since many are primarily essential workers in other sectors, like grocery stores, and caring for children would be too risky in terms of coronavirus transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gina Fromer, CEO of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.childrenscouncil.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Children’s Council of San Francisco\u003c/a>, an advocacy group for child care, said providers “are hurting right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While San Francisco and the state have extended some financial relief, Fromer said strict COVID guidelines mean “the majority of the sites in San Francisco are operating at half capacity,” as they must adhere to social distancing, smaller group sizes, and fewer children returning out of family choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re a family day care home and you were supporting 24 kids pre-COVID and now you can have six, what does that do for your business?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, just over 40% of San Francisco’s roughly 1,100 child care providers are currently closed, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://sfoece.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco Office of Early Care & Education\u003c/a>. This includes larger centers, often run by companies out of a specific site, and family day cares, which are smaller and typically based in a provider’s home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fromer said some of these providers won’t open back up again, which is not just a problem for children, families, and the child care industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no road to recovery in San Francisco without child care,” she said, noting that businesses will suffer if their employees can’t find proper care for their kids. She estimates that 40% of child care providers shut down after the 2007-8 economic recession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need local, state and federal investment in child care infrastructure in order for the economy to bounce back,” said Fromer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some families are choosing not to send their children back to day care due to the expense and fear of their children getting or passing the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Naomi Bardach, associate professor of pediatrics and health policy at UCSF, said there are risks of children getting COVID-19 and transmitting the virus to adults, but those dangers are low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most younger kids get very mild illness if they get ill at all, and they are much less likely to get it compared to adults,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout all of California, the number of child care staff, children and their parents \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdss.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">who’ve tested positive\u003c/a> for the virus is roughly 1,518 as of July 29. Of that number, 313 were children, 562 were staff, 489 were parents, and 154 were in none of those categories, such as people who live in the home of a family day care worker but are not on staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compared to the total number of preschool children in California, which she estimated “in the hundreds of thousands at least,” the number of children at day care who’ve tested positive is relatively low, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bardach said of the positive coronavirus cases associated with child care, “We’re not totally sure if it came from the community or the preschools. And then the other thing is we have to just put it in the context of [how] we take some risks normally in our lives when we drive in a car or cross the street.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that when parents make their decisions, it’s important to consider how prevalent the virus is in their community, and what the safety practices are at their specific child care setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at Baby Steps Nature School, Sullivan understands that parents are fearful. Even if they do send their kids to day care, she sees that fear pop up in other ways — through the kids. She said her young charges are afraid to separate from their parents because they worry their mom or dad may get the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan is calming these fears with another change to her day care: pasting pictures of parents in the children’s cubbies.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1967728/how-the-coronavirus-could-shrink-the-number-of-child-care-providers","authors":["8648"],"categories":["science_39","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_512","science_4329"],"featImg":"science_1967733","label":"source_science_1967728"},"science_1966149":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1966149","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1966149","score":null,"sort":[1592522362000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"weighing-the-risks-of-sending-kids-to-camp-or-day-care-during-the-coronavirus-pandemic","title":"Weighing the Risks of Sending Kids to Camp or Day Care During the Coronavirus Pandemic","publishDate":1592522362,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Weighing the Risks of Sending Kids to Camp or Day Care During the Coronavirus Pandemic | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp class=\"p1\">After three months of juggling work at home while I care for my 1-year-old daughter, my nerves are fried. Yet, the decision of whether or not to send my little girl back to day care while the coronavirus is still spreading is fraught, to say the least.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Fortunately an early \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1958031/kids-are-less-susceptible-to-covid-19-but-its-not-clear-why\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">trend\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in the outbreak continues to be true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“Kids very rarely get sick,” said Bob Wachter, chair of the Department of Medicine at UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The stats back him up. Only 1.1% of the nearly 2 million\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/index.html#demographics\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\"> cases of coronavirus\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in the nation are children under 4, and less than 4% are ages 5-17, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0962-9\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Research \u003c/span>\u003c/a>analyzing data from six countries, including China and Italy, concludes that kids and teens are half as likely as adults to catch COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“We know globally COVID hits adults more than children,” said Dr. Lee Atkinson-McEvoy, division chief of general pediatrics at UCSF. “The younger the child, the less the prevalence. And that includes countries that have had access to wider testing than we’ve had here in the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>Are Kids Contagious?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Doctors say kids do not likely make up a significant cohort\u003cb> \u003c/b>of\u003cb> \u003c/b> the notorious asymptomatic or presymptomatic coronavirus cases we have heard so much about. Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, an infectious disease expert at Stanford, says outbreaks in China suggest kids are catching the coronavirus at home from adults and not the other way around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“It’s relatively unusual for kids to transmit the virus to adults,” said Wachter. “That’s different than many other viruses, where the kids are really important vectors. And it’s not 100 percent clear why that is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">One \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2766524\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">study\u003c/span>\u003c/a> suggests COVID-19 may not be gaining a foothold in kids because they lack the host receptor for coronaviruses, which likely burrow into a protein on the surface of our nasal membranes. Researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sina\u003cspan class=\"s3\">i\u003c/span> Hospital in New York City report finding fewer of these structures, which are called ACE2, in the noses of children than are found in those of adults. But a lot more research is needed to confirm this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">At least one case cluster, however, suggests kids can pass the virus on to each other. When a school recently opened in Israel, at least 130 students and staff \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/06/03/868507524/israel-orders-schools-to-close-when-covid-19-cases-are-discovered\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">fell ill\u003c/span>\u003c/a>. Plus, the low-prevalence data we are seeing in American kids mostly reflects a time when families were staying at home. It’s possible the picture could change dramatically when schools open up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Scientists are not likely to gain a complete understanding of the virus’ transmission pathways until the widespread availability of antibody testing, which can identify prior infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>COVID-19 Cases in Children\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">When kids do catch COVID-19, they experience cold-like symptoms such as fever, runny nose and cough. Vomiting and diarrhea are rare. And children are, so far, not experiencing acute respiratory distress syndrome or septic shock, which is occurring in some adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Infants, however, can be quite vulnerable. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7190200/\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Research\u003c/span>\u003c/a> from Italy suggests infants experience severe cases. A \u003ca href=\"https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2020/03/16/peds.2020-0702/tab-article-info?versioned=true\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">study\u003c/span>\u003c/a> from China looking at 2,143 pediatric patients found that 10% of babies who contracted the virus required hospital care, even if\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>the patients had good overall outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">A few hundred children have developed a new inflammatory syndrome, similar to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/kawasaki/index.html\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Kawasaki disease\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, several weeks after a mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 infection. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/07/864493574/doctors-race-for-answers-as-kids-fight-rare-inflammatory-syndrome-tied-to-corona\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">illness\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, Multisystem-Inflammatory Syndrome in Children, or MIS-C, can lead to swelling, high fever, body rash, red eyes and lips, and a strawberry-colored tongue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Whether COVID-19 is triggering this new disease or it’s a completely separate entity was the subject of a recent UCSF \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny4NivhjHAQ\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">discussion\u003c/span>\u003c/a>. “It’s not clear yet,” said UCSF pediatric rheumatologist Susan Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Doctors also caution that premature infants and children with underlying chronic health conditions are still at high risk for developing complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>Is Child Care or Summer Camp Safe?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">So what about my dilemma over whether to send my toddler to day care?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“It feels like it’s safe enough to do as long as we’re watching very, very carefully,” Wachter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the The \u003cspan class=\"s1\">New York Times\u003c/span> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/upshot/epidemiologists-decisions-children-school-coronavirus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">asked\u003c/a> hundreds of epidemiologists at what point they’d send their kids back to school, camp or child care, just 10 percent said they’d feel comfortable “now.” Twenty percent said they would wait until this summer, and 40 percent said not until fall. All of which is considerably sooner than the majority felt comfortable attending other indoor group events like concerts or movies. Comments from the professionals ranged from “Children are relatively safe” to “Really. Stupid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Atkinson-McEvoy recommends parents ask child care providers lots of questions to ensure programs follow \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/pdf/guidance-childcare.pdf\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">state\u003c/span>\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools-childcare/schools-faq.html\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">federal\u003c/span>\u003c/a> guidelines requiring social distancing and sanitized play structures. California is also limiting child care groups to fewer than 12 kids, and families must enroll in programs for three continuous weeks to ensure lower student turnover. Doctors are optimistic these strategies will reduce transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">If possible, ask to tour a facility before signing up. When Atkinson-McEvoy considered sending her daughter to a competitive softball program this summer, she took the leap after she saw the coach was diligently ensuring players stayed far enough apart from each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">She notes that parents have to weigh potential exposure for the family against the mental well-being of their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“We’re definitely starting to see behavioral changes in our children from being at home, including seeing children who are showing signs of anxiety and/or depression,” she said. “Being able to socially connect with peers and resume some normal activity is an important tool one would use to help with that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Plus, camps or day care may help tired parents refuel their tanks. If you do take the child-care plunge, you can lower your family’s overall risk by reducing other behaviors like taking fewer trips to the grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Public health experts recommend children follow the same preventive actions as adults to avoid infection. Wash hands frequently throughout the day with hot soapy water. Try to teach your children to avoid touching their face. Carry alcohol-based hand sanitizer or disinfectant wipes. Here is CDC \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools-childcare/schools-faq.html\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">advice\u003c/span>\u003c/a> related to schools and child care in the age of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The data suggests kids are less susceptible to COVID-19. But does that mean it's safe to send them off to mingle with other children while the coronavirus is still very much active? Here's what you should know. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1706228526,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":3,"wordCount":1098},"headData":{"title":"Weighing the Risks of Sending Kids to Camp or Day Care During the Coronavirus Pandemic | KQED","description":"The data suggests kids are less susceptible to COVID-19. But does that mean it's safe to send them off to mingle with other children while the coronavirus is still very much active? Here's what you should know. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Coronavirus","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/science/tag/coronavirus","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/a7777434-1858-43f6-8e15-abde01286833/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1966149/weighing-the-risks-of-sending-kids-to-camp-or-day-care-during-the-coronavirus-pandemic","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">After three months of juggling work at home while I care for my 1-year-old daughter, my nerves are fried. Yet, the decision of whether or not to send my little girl back to day care while the coronavirus is still spreading is fraught, to say the least.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Fortunately an early \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1958031/kids-are-less-susceptible-to-covid-19-but-its-not-clear-why\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">trend\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in the outbreak continues to be true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“Kids very rarely get sick,” said Bob Wachter, chair of the Department of Medicine at UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">The stats back him up. Only 1.1% of the nearly 2 million\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/index.html#demographics\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\"> cases of coronavirus\u003c/span>\u003c/a> in the nation are children under 4, and less than 4% are ages 5-17, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0962-9\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Research \u003c/span>\u003c/a>analyzing data from six countries, including China and Italy, concludes that kids and teens are half as likely as adults to catch COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“We know globally COVID hits adults more than children,” said Dr. Lee Atkinson-McEvoy, division chief of general pediatrics at UCSF. “The younger the child, the less the prevalence. And that includes countries that have had access to wider testing than we’ve had here in the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>Are Kids Contagious?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Doctors say kids do not likely make up a significant cohort\u003cb> \u003c/b>of\u003cb> \u003c/b> the notorious asymptomatic or presymptomatic coronavirus cases we have heard so much about. Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, an infectious disease expert at Stanford, says outbreaks in China suggest kids are catching the coronavirus at home from adults and not the other way around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“It’s relatively unusual for kids to transmit the virus to adults,” said Wachter. “That’s different than many other viruses, where the kids are really important vectors. And it’s not 100 percent clear why that is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">One \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2766524\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">study\u003c/span>\u003c/a> suggests COVID-19 may not be gaining a foothold in kids because they lack the host receptor for coronaviruses, which likely burrow into a protein on the surface of our nasal membranes. Researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sina\u003cspan class=\"s3\">i\u003c/span> Hospital in New York City report finding fewer of these structures, which are called ACE2, in the noses of children than are found in those of adults. But a lot more research is needed to confirm this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">At least one case cluster, however, suggests kids can pass the virus on to each other. When a school recently opened in Israel, at least 130 students and staff \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/06/03/868507524/israel-orders-schools-to-close-when-covid-19-cases-are-discovered\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">fell ill\u003c/span>\u003c/a>. Plus, the low-prevalence data we are seeing in American kids mostly reflects a time when families were staying at home. It’s possible the picture could change dramatically when schools open up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Scientists are not likely to gain a complete understanding of the virus’ transmission pathways until the widespread availability of antibody testing, which can identify prior infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>COVID-19 Cases in Children\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">When kids do catch COVID-19, they experience cold-like symptoms such as fever, runny nose and cough. Vomiting and diarrhea are rare. And children are, so far, not experiencing acute respiratory distress syndrome or septic shock, which is occurring in some adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Infants, however, can be quite vulnerable. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7190200/\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Research\u003c/span>\u003c/a> from Italy suggests infants experience severe cases. A \u003ca href=\"https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2020/03/16/peds.2020-0702/tab-article-info?versioned=true\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">study\u003c/span>\u003c/a> from China looking at 2,143 pediatric patients found that 10% of babies who contracted the virus required hospital care, even if\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>the patients had good overall outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">A few hundred children have developed a new inflammatory syndrome, similar to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/kawasaki/index.html\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Kawasaki disease\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, several weeks after a mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 infection. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/07/864493574/doctors-race-for-answers-as-kids-fight-rare-inflammatory-syndrome-tied-to-corona\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">illness\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, Multisystem-Inflammatory Syndrome in Children, or MIS-C, can lead to swelling, high fever, body rash, red eyes and lips, and a strawberry-colored tongue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Whether COVID-19 is triggering this new disease or it’s a completely separate entity was the subject of a recent UCSF \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny4NivhjHAQ\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">discussion\u003c/span>\u003c/a>. “It’s not clear yet,” said UCSF pediatric rheumatologist Susan Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Doctors also caution that premature infants and children with underlying chronic health conditions are still at high risk for developing complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>Is Child Care or Summer Camp Safe?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">So what about my dilemma over whether to send my toddler to day care?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“It feels like it’s safe enough to do as long as we’re watching very, very carefully,” Wachter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the The \u003cspan class=\"s1\">New York Times\u003c/span> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/upshot/epidemiologists-decisions-children-school-coronavirus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">asked\u003c/a> hundreds of epidemiologists at what point they’d send their kids back to school, camp or child care, just 10 percent said they’d feel comfortable “now.” Twenty percent said they would wait until this summer, and 40 percent said not until fall. All of which is considerably sooner than the majority felt comfortable attending other indoor group events like concerts or movies. Comments from the professionals ranged from “Children are relatively safe” to “Really. Stupid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Atkinson-McEvoy recommends parents ask child care providers lots of questions to ensure programs follow \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/pdf/guidance-childcare.pdf\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">state\u003c/span>\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools-childcare/schools-faq.html\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">federal\u003c/span>\u003c/a> guidelines requiring social distancing and sanitized play structures. California is also limiting child care groups to fewer than 12 kids, and families must enroll in programs for three continuous weeks to ensure lower student turnover. Doctors are optimistic these strategies will reduce transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">If possible, ask to tour a facility before signing up. When Atkinson-McEvoy considered sending her daughter to a competitive softball program this summer, she took the leap after she saw the coach was diligently ensuring players stayed far enough apart from each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">She notes that parents have to weigh potential exposure for the family against the mental well-being of their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“We’re definitely starting to see behavioral changes in our children from being at home, including seeing children who are showing signs of anxiety and/or depression,” she said. “Being able to socially connect with peers and resume some normal activity is an important tool one would use to help with that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Plus, camps or day care may help tired parents refuel their tanks. If you do take the child-care plunge, you can lower your family’s overall risk by reducing other behaviors like taking fewer trips to the grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Public health experts recommend children follow the same preventive actions as adults to avoid infection. Wash hands frequently throughout the day with hot soapy water. Try to teach your children to avoid touching their face. Carry alcohol-based hand sanitizer or disinfectant wipes. Here is CDC \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools-childcare/schools-faq.html\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">advice\u003c/span>\u003c/a> related to schools and child care in the age of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1966149/weighing-the-risks-of-sending-kids-to-camp-or-day-care-during-the-coronavirus-pandemic","authors":["11229"],"categories":["science_32","science_39","science_3890","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_512","science_4329","science_4414"],"featImg":"science_1966172","label":"source_science_1966149"},"science_1925473":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1925473","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1925473","score":null,"sort":[1528485071000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"flu-season-was-one-of-the-deadliest-for-u-s-children","title":"Flu Season Was One of the Deadliest for U.S. Children","publishDate":1528485071,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Flu Season Was One of the Deadliest for U.S. Children | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Flu killed more U.S. children in the past year than during any other regular flu season in recent history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. health officials said Friday that they had received reports of 172 pediatric flu deaths since October. That surpasses the 2012-2013 flu season, when there were 171. An average season sees about 110.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were more deaths in 2009-2010, when a rare flu pandemic occurred involving a new strain. More than 300 children died that season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The past flu season wasn’t a pandemic, but it was long — 19 weeks. It also was unusually intense, with high levels of illness reported in nearly every state for weeks on end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The season peaked in early February. It was mostly over by the end of March, although some flu continued to circulate. The most recent pediatric death occurred in late May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The season was driven by a kind of flu that tends to put more people in the hospital and cause more deaths, particularly among young children and the elderly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making a bad year worse, the flu vaccine didn’t work very well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flu vaccinations are recommended annually for all Americans who are 6 months old or older.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the children who died this past year were too young for the shots. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has vaccination information on only about 140 of the children who died who were old enough to be vaccinated. Of those, only about 1 in 5 received the vaccine before they became ill, CDC officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half the children who died were previously healthy — they didn’t have a diagnosed health condition that might have made them more vulnerable to the flu, the CDC said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flu is a contagious respiratory illness, spread by a virus. It can cause a miserable but relatively mild illness in many people, but more a more severe illness in others. Young children and the elderly are at greatest risk from flu and its complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC began counting pediatric flu deaths in 2004. It doesn’t keep an exact count of adult flu-related deaths, but it has estimated there were 12,000 to 56,000 in recent seasons.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The season was driven by a kind of flu that tends to put more people in the hospital and cause more deaths, particularly among young children and the elderly.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927831,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":374},"headData":{"title":"Flu Season Was One of the Deadliest for U.S. Children | KQED","description":"The season was driven by a kind of flu that tends to put more people in the hospital and cause more deaths, particularly among young children and the elderly.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Health","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Mike Stobbe\u003cbr />Associated Press","path":"/science/1925473/flu-season-was-one-of-the-deadliest-for-u-s-children","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Flu killed more U.S. children in the past year than during any other regular flu season in recent history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. health officials said Friday that they had received reports of 172 pediatric flu deaths since October. That surpasses the 2012-2013 flu season, when there were 171. An average season sees about 110.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were more deaths in 2009-2010, when a rare flu pandemic occurred involving a new strain. More than 300 children died that season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The past flu season wasn’t a pandemic, but it was long — 19 weeks. It also was unusually intense, with high levels of illness reported in nearly every state for weeks on end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The season peaked in early February. It was mostly over by the end of March, although some flu continued to circulate. The most recent pediatric death occurred in late May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The season was driven by a kind of flu that tends to put more people in the hospital and cause more deaths, particularly among young children and the elderly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making a bad year worse, the flu vaccine didn’t work very well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flu vaccinations are recommended annually for all Americans who are 6 months old or older.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the children who died this past year were too young for the shots. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has vaccination information on only about 140 of the children who died who were old enough to be vaccinated. Of those, only about 1 in 5 received the vaccine before they became ill, CDC officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half the children who died were previously healthy — they didn’t have a diagnosed health condition that might have made them more vulnerable to the flu, the CDC said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flu is a contagious respiratory illness, spread by a virus. It can cause a miserable but relatively mild illness in many people, but more a more severe illness in others. Young children and the elderly are at greatest risk from flu and its complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC began counting pediatric flu deaths in 2004. It doesn’t keep an exact count of adult flu-related deaths, but it has estimated there were 12,000 to 56,000 in recent seasons.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1925473/flu-season-was-one-of-the-deadliest-for-u-s-children","authors":["byline_science_1925473"],"categories":["science_39"],"tags":["science_3643","science_512","science_5181","science_2926"],"featImg":"science_1925475","label":"source_science_1925473"},"science_10501":{"type":"posts","id":"science_10501","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"10501","score":null,"sort":[1383580847000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"poor-understanding-of-genetics-can-lead-to-separated-families","title":"Poor Understanding of Genetics Can Lead to Separated Families","publishDate":1383580847,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Poor Understanding of Genetics Can Lead to Separated Families | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10506\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10506\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/10/RomaInUkraine.jpg\" alt=\"Three children were taken by the authorities from Roma families like this one because they had fairer skin and hair than their parents. Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons.\" width=\"640\" height=\"440\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three children were taken by the authorities from Roma families like this one because they had fairer skin and hair than their parents. Image courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Romani_people_Lviv_Ukraine.jpg\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Greece, a Roma child was taken away from her family because she didn’t look much like her parents. DNA testing revealed that she \u003ca href=\"http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/greek-roma-community-on-edge-after-couple-accused-of-abducting-girl/article14956988/\">was not their biological child\u003c/a> and so the authorities thought that she had been kidnapped. Turns out, she hadn’t been; her biological mother had given her up because \u003ca href=\"http://jezebel.com/dna-test-reveals-blonde-angel-roma-girl-is-child-of-b-1452075768\">she was too poor to keep her\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Something similar then happened in Ireland where two Roma children were removed from their families because, again, they did not look like their parents. This time, the DNA test results showed that \u003ca href=\"http://news.yahoo.com/irish-authorities-second-child-roma-inquiry-131509106.html;_ylt=AwrTWfzclGpSigEAx2fQtDMD\">the children were with their biological parents\u003c/a>. The children have been returned to their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These events are disturbing for a couple of different reasons. The first is the strong whiff of prejudice associated with them. The authorities appear to have assumed that these children were kidnapped because they were living among the Roma (more commonly known as gypsies). I haven’t heard of any children being removed and tested from any other communities. And believe me, if these kids were taken only because they looked different from their parents, lots more kids would have been removed from their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which brings us to the second disturbing part of the story—the lack of understanding of genetics by the authorities that are taking these children away from their parents. Parents can and do \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.thetech.org/ask-a-geneticist/different-looking-siblings\">have children who look very different from themselves\u003c/a>. And sometimes as this video shows, the differences can be quite extreme:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4KKwkSsZemA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine that the mom was out of the picture in the family portrayed in this video (as appears to be true for one of the Irish families). One of these twins doesn’t look much like dad at all and, if the same sort of logic were applied here as was applied to the Roma, then this child would be taken away and tested. But of course, he wouldn’t be because he wasn’t Roma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case in Greece and both cases in Ireland, the children were taken because they were blonde and fair and the parents had darker hair and skin. Parents having children with lighter hair and skin is actually pretty common. Sometimes the child’s hair and skin darken over time but sometimes it just stays much lighter than the parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And though less common, the opposite can happen too. Fair parents can have kids with darker hair and darker skin. These are not the only traits where this occurs, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents with brown eyes \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.thetech.org/ask/ask2\">can have blue-eyed children\u003c/a> and despite what you may have learned in high school, the reverse can happen too. Blue-eyed parents can and do sometimes \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.thetech.org/how-blue-eyed-parents-can-have-brown-eyed-children\">have brown-eyed kids\u003c/a>. The same is true for red hair. There are so many cases of parents with darker hair and skin \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.thetech.org/ask/ask44\">having fair-skinned children with red hair and freckles\u003c/a> that there are even milkman jokes about it!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet, the Irish authorities aren’t searching homes in Dublin, looking for redheads in families without red hair. They aren’t even looking for the rarer case of red-haired parents who \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.thetech.org/ask/ask400\">have a child without red hair\u003c/a>. No the authorities focused on Roma children who looked different from their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given that they only looked at Roma families, maybe a better understanding of dominant and recessive genes and other fundamental genetics concepts wouldn’t have stopped this all from happening. But still, maybe it would have made it a bit less likely.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Parents can and do have children who look very different from themselves, but lack of understanding of genetics have led to authorities taking children away from them. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704934763,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":625},"headData":{"title":"Poor Understanding of Genetics Can Lead to Separated Families | KQED","description":"Parents can and do have children who look very different from themselves, but lack of understanding of genetics have led to authorities taking children away from them. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/10501/poor-understanding-of-genetics-can-lead-to-separated-families","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10506\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10506\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/10/RomaInUkraine.jpg\" alt=\"Three children were taken by the authorities from Roma families like this one because they had fairer skin and hair than their parents. Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons.\" width=\"640\" height=\"440\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three children were taken by the authorities from Roma families like this one because they had fairer skin and hair than their parents. Image courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Romani_people_Lviv_Ukraine.jpg\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Greece, a Roma child was taken away from her family because she didn’t look much like her parents. DNA testing revealed that she \u003ca href=\"http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/greek-roma-community-on-edge-after-couple-accused-of-abducting-girl/article14956988/\">was not their biological child\u003c/a> and so the authorities thought that she had been kidnapped. Turns out, she hadn’t been; her biological mother had given her up because \u003ca href=\"http://jezebel.com/dna-test-reveals-blonde-angel-roma-girl-is-child-of-b-1452075768\">she was too poor to keep her\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Something similar then happened in Ireland where two Roma children were removed from their families because, again, they did not look like their parents. This time, the DNA test results showed that \u003ca href=\"http://news.yahoo.com/irish-authorities-second-child-roma-inquiry-131509106.html;_ylt=AwrTWfzclGpSigEAx2fQtDMD\">the children were with their biological parents\u003c/a>. The children have been returned to their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These events are disturbing for a couple of different reasons. The first is the strong whiff of prejudice associated with them. The authorities appear to have assumed that these children were kidnapped because they were living among the Roma (more commonly known as gypsies). I haven’t heard of any children being removed and tested from any other communities. And believe me, if these kids were taken only because they looked different from their parents, lots more kids would have been removed from their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which brings us to the second disturbing part of the story—the lack of understanding of genetics by the authorities that are taking these children away from their parents. Parents can and do \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.thetech.org/ask-a-geneticist/different-looking-siblings\">have children who look very different from themselves\u003c/a>. And sometimes as this video shows, the differences can be quite extreme:\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/4KKwkSsZemA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/4KKwkSsZemA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine that the mom was out of the picture in the family portrayed in this video (as appears to be true for one of the Irish families). One of these twins doesn’t look much like dad at all and, if the same sort of logic were applied here as was applied to the Roma, then this child would be taken away and tested. But of course, he wouldn’t be because he wasn’t Roma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case in Greece and both cases in Ireland, the children were taken because they were blonde and fair and the parents had darker hair and skin. Parents having children with lighter hair and skin is actually pretty common. Sometimes the child’s hair and skin darken over time but sometimes it just stays much lighter than the parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And though less common, the opposite can happen too. Fair parents can have kids with darker hair and darker skin. These are not the only traits where this occurs, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents with brown eyes \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.thetech.org/ask/ask2\">can have blue-eyed children\u003c/a> and despite what you may have learned in high school, the reverse can happen too. Blue-eyed parents can and do sometimes \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.thetech.org/how-blue-eyed-parents-can-have-brown-eyed-children\">have brown-eyed kids\u003c/a>. The same is true for red hair. There are so many cases of parents with darker hair and skin \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.thetech.org/ask/ask44\">having fair-skinned children with red hair and freckles\u003c/a> that there are even milkman jokes about it!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet, the Irish authorities aren’t searching homes in Dublin, looking for redheads in families without red hair. They aren’t even looking for the rarer case of red-haired parents who \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.thetech.org/ask/ask400\">have a child without red hair\u003c/a>. No the authorities focused on Roma children who looked different from their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given that they only looked at Roma families, maybe a better understanding of dominant and recessive genes and other fundamental genetics concepts wouldn’t have stopped this all from happening. But still, maybe it would have made it a bit less likely.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/10501/poor-understanding-of-genetics-can-lead-to-separated-families","authors":["6177"],"categories":["science_30"],"tags":["science_512","science_327"],"featImg":"science_10506","label":"science"},"science_6350":{"type":"posts","id":"science_6350","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"6350","score":null,"sort":[1375282321000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"look-for-the-child-then-lock-the-car","title":"Look for the Child, Then Lock the Car","publishDate":1375282321,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Look for the Child, Then Lock the Car | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>It’s not that hot in the Bay Area today, but for a child inside a closed car, it can quickly get hot enough to be deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already this year, heatstroke has claimed the lives of two children in California, and 24 nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday is National Heatstroke Prevention Day and experts like meteorologist Jan Null are reminding parents that anyone can make the mistake of forgetting they have a child in the car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6385\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/Carseat_TS168815025_web.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6385\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6385\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/Carseat_TS168815025_web.jpg\" alt=\"Closed cars can heat up faster than you might think.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Closed cars can heat up faster than you might think.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re talking about across the entire socioeconomic spectrum,” Null said. “There have been university professors, principals of schools, a director of a day care…”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/2013/06/08/3334500/baby-dies-in-fresno-after-being.html\">Fresno last month\u003c/a>, a 15-month-old boy died when a couple returned home from errands, and each thought the other had brought him into the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t take long for temperatures inside a closed car to skyrocket to dangerous levels. \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/heat/#study\">Null conducted a study in 2002 \u003c/a>that documented the temperature inside closed cars over time, using a range of outdoor temperatures. He found that the car heated up at the same rate, whether the starting temperature was cooler or warmer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6352\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6352\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/temp-rise-e1375282079408.gif\" alt=\"Average temperature rise over time, inside a closed vehicle. (Jan Null/UCSF)\" width=\"600\" height=\"464\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Average temperature rise over time, inside a closed vehicle.\u003cbr>(Jan Null/UCSF)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In just 10 minutes, it was 19 degrees hotter inside the car than outside. After 20 minutes, it was 29 degrees hotter inside the car. Null says infants and children overheat quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their thermo-regulatory system — the way they perspire and cool themselves — is not as well developed as an adult’s,” he said. “Their body heats up three-to-five times faster than you or I would, sitting in a car that’s 100 degrees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, it’s illegal to leave a child of six or younger alone in a car when conditions in the car could threaten the child’s health or safety. But in the majority of cases – 52 percent — when children die of heatstroke in a car, the parents or caregivers are not flouting they law. They’ve simply forgotten the child is still in the car. In another 30 percent of cases, the child has gotten into the car on her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why transportation safety experts are recommending all parents adopt \u003ca href=\"http://www.nhtsa.gov/safety/hyperthermia\">prevention tools\u003c/a>, like an automobile exit routine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look before you lock,” is the slogan of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The NHTSA recommends that parents walk around their car and look in all the windows before locking up. The agency also recommends putting something you need for the next stop – like a cell phone or purse – on the floor in front of the child’s car seat. That way you won’t get to work having forgotten to drop off the sleeping infant at daycare (because today isn’t your usual drop-off day, after all) and then just leave your car and scramble to the meeting you’re already late for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other prevention tools include asking the childcare provider to call within ten minutes if your child doesn’t show up as expected, always keeping your car locked, and teaching children never to play inside a car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a child is lost, look first in any nearby pool or pond, and look second in any nearby cars, including the trunks, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ots.ca.gov/Media_and_Research/Press_Room/2013/doc/OTS%20Heatstroke%20Prevention%20Day.pdf\">the state Office of Traffic Safety\u003c/a>. And if you see a child alone inside a car, experts say, don’t waste time trying to find the parent; a child can die too quickly in the heat. Call 911 immediately. The parent may be embarrassed when they discover what’s happened, but the child may still be alive.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In the majority of cases when a child dies inside a hot car, a parent or caregiver has either forgotten the child is there, or thinks the other parent got her out of the car seat.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704935380,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":642},"headData":{"title":"Look for the Child, Then Lock the Car | KQED","description":"In the majority of cases when a child dies inside a hot car, a parent or caregiver has either forgotten the child is there, or thinks the other parent got her out of the car seat.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/6350/look-for-the-child-then-lock-the-car","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s not that hot in the Bay Area today, but for a child inside a closed car, it can quickly get hot enough to be deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already this year, heatstroke has claimed the lives of two children in California, and 24 nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday is National Heatstroke Prevention Day and experts like meteorologist Jan Null are reminding parents that anyone can make the mistake of forgetting they have a child in the car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6385\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/Carseat_TS168815025_web.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6385\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6385\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/Carseat_TS168815025_web.jpg\" alt=\"Closed cars can heat up faster than you might think.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Closed cars can heat up faster than you might think.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re talking about across the entire socioeconomic spectrum,” Null said. “There have been university professors, principals of schools, a director of a day care…”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/2013/06/08/3334500/baby-dies-in-fresno-after-being.html\">Fresno last month\u003c/a>, a 15-month-old boy died when a couple returned home from errands, and each thought the other had brought him into the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t take long for temperatures inside a closed car to skyrocket to dangerous levels. \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/heat/#study\">Null conducted a study in 2002 \u003c/a>that documented the temperature inside closed cars over time, using a range of outdoor temperatures. He found that the car heated up at the same rate, whether the starting temperature was cooler or warmer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6352\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6352\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/temp-rise-e1375282079408.gif\" alt=\"Average temperature rise over time, inside a closed vehicle. (Jan Null/UCSF)\" width=\"600\" height=\"464\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Average temperature rise over time, inside a closed vehicle.\u003cbr>(Jan Null/UCSF)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In just 10 minutes, it was 19 degrees hotter inside the car than outside. After 20 minutes, it was 29 degrees hotter inside the car. Null says infants and children overheat quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their thermo-regulatory system — the way they perspire and cool themselves — is not as well developed as an adult’s,” he said. “Their body heats up three-to-five times faster than you or I would, sitting in a car that’s 100 degrees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, it’s illegal to leave a child of six or younger alone in a car when conditions in the car could threaten the child’s health or safety. But in the majority of cases – 52 percent — when children die of heatstroke in a car, the parents or caregivers are not flouting they law. They’ve simply forgotten the child is still in the car. In another 30 percent of cases, the child has gotten into the car on her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why transportation safety experts are recommending all parents adopt \u003ca href=\"http://www.nhtsa.gov/safety/hyperthermia\">prevention tools\u003c/a>, like an automobile exit routine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look before you lock,” is the slogan of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The NHTSA recommends that parents walk around their car and look in all the windows before locking up. The agency also recommends putting something you need for the next stop – like a cell phone or purse – on the floor in front of the child’s car seat. That way you won’t get to work having forgotten to drop off the sleeping infant at daycare (because today isn’t your usual drop-off day, after all) and then just leave your car and scramble to the meeting you’re already late for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other prevention tools include asking the childcare provider to call within ten minutes if your child doesn’t show up as expected, always keeping your car locked, and teaching children never to play inside a car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a child is lost, look first in any nearby pool or pond, and look second in any nearby cars, including the trunks, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ots.ca.gov/Media_and_Research/Press_Room/2013/doc/OTS%20Heatstroke%20Prevention%20Day.pdf\">the state Office of Traffic Safety\u003c/a>. And if you see a child alone inside a car, experts say, don’t waste time trying to find the parent; a child can die too quickly in the heat. Call 911 immediately. The parent may be embarrassed when they discover what’s happened, but the child may still be alive.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/6350/look-for-the-child-then-lock-the-car","authors":["235"],"categories":["science_39","science_40"],"tags":["science_512","science_64"],"featImg":"science_6385","label":"science"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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