Southern Central Valley Counties Brace for Flooding as Heat Wave Melts Sierra Snowpack
Future of Raising Shasta Dam Uncertain
One Increasingly Popular Way to Control Floods: Let the Water Come
California Approves Plan to Clean Up Central Valley's Toxic Air
California Finally Begins Regulating Cancer-Causing Chemical Found in Drinking Water
California Says Oil Companies Can Keep Dumping Wastewater During State Review
Farms Using Oilfield Wastewater Under Review for Food Safety
Twister Sweeps Through Town Near Modesto; Homes, Church Damaged
In Current Drought, Central Valley Is Sinking Faster Than We Thought
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Sasha is a proud alum of the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism and Brown University and a member of the South Asian Journalists Association.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e4b5e1541aaeea2aa356aa1fb2a68950?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"KQEDSashaKhokha","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["author"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Sasha Khokha | KQED","description":"Host, The California Report Magazine","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e4b5e1541aaeea2aa356aa1fb2a68950?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e4b5e1541aaeea2aa356aa1fb2a68950?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/sasha-khokha"},"parcuni":{"type":"authors","id":"11368","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11368","found":true},"name":"Peter Arcuni","firstName":"Peter","lastName":"Arcuni","slug":"parcuni","email":"parcuni@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["science"],"title":"Reporter","bio":"Peter reports radio and online stories for \u003cem>KQED Science\u003c/em>. His work has also appeared on the \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em> morning show and \u003cem>KQED News\u003c/em>. His production credits include \u003cem>The California Report, The California Report Magazine\u003c/em> and KQED's local news podcast \u003cem>The Bay\u003c/em>. Other credits include NPR's \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em>, WNYC's \u003cem>Science Friday\u003c/em>, WBUR's \u003cem>Here & Now\u003c/em>, WIRED and SFGate. Peter graduated from Brown University and earned a master's degree in journalism from Stanford. He's covered everything from homelessness to wildfires, health, the environment, arts and Thanksgiving in San Quentin prison. In other lives, he played rock n roll music and studied neuroscience. You can email him at: parcuni@kqed.org","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5032f6f27199d478af34ad2e1d98732?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"peterarcuni","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Peter Arcuni | KQED","description":"Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5032f6f27199d478af34ad2e1d98732?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5032f6f27199d478af34ad2e1d98732?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/parcuni"},"hhagemann":{"type":"authors","id":"11578","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11578","found":true},"name":"Hannah Hagemann","firstName":"Hannah","lastName":"Hagemann","slug":"hhagemann","email":"hhagemann@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":null,"avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c3af389deff545c719141a87524965d8?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Hannah Hagemann | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c3af389deff545c719141a87524965d8?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c3af389deff545c719141a87524965d8?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/hhagemann"},"kevinstark":{"type":"authors","id":"11608","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11608","found":true},"name":"Kevin Stark","firstName":"Kevin","lastName":"Stark","slug":"kevinstark","email":"kstark@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["science"],"title":"Senior Editor","bio":"Kevin is a senior editor for KQED Science, managing the station's health and climate desks. His journalism career began in the Pacific Northwest, and he later became a lead reporter for the San Francisco Public Press. His work has appeared in Pacific Standard magazine, the Energy News Network, the Center for Investigative Reporting's Reveal and WBEZ in Chicago. Kevin joined KQED in 2019, and has covered issues related to energy, wildfire, climate change and the environment.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f646bf546a63d638e04ff23b52b0e79?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"starkkev","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["administrator"]}],"headData":{"title":"Kevin Stark | KQED","description":"Senior Editor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f646bf546a63d638e04ff23b52b0e79?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f646bf546a63d638e04ff23b52b0e79?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/kevinstark"},"eromero":{"type":"authors","id":"11746","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11746","found":true},"name":"Ezra David Romero","firstName":"Ezra David","lastName":"Romero","slug":"eromero","email":"eromero@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news","science"],"title":"Climate Reporter","bio":"Ezra David Romero is a climate reporter for KQED News. He covers the absence and excess of water in the Bay Area — think sea level rise, flooding and drought. For nearly a decade he’s covered how warming temperatures are altering the lives of Californians. He’s reported on farmers worried their pistachio trees aren’t getting enough sleep, families desperate for water, scientists studying dying giant sequoias, and alongside firefighters containing wildfires. His work has appeared on local stations across California and nationally on public radio shows like Morning Edition, Here and Now, All Things Considered and Science Friday. ","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9c15bb8bab267e058708a9eeaeef16bf?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"ezraromero","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ezra David Romero | KQED","description":"Climate Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9c15bb8bab267e058708a9eeaeef16bf?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9c15bb8bab267e058708a9eeaeef16bf?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/eromero"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"science_1982460":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1982460","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1982460","score":null,"sort":[1682467152000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"southern-central-valley-counties-brace-for-flooding-as-heat-wave-melts-sierra-snowpack","title":"Southern Central Valley Counties Brace for Flooding as Heat Wave Melts Sierra Snowpack","publishDate":1682467152,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Southern Central Valley Counties Brace for Flooding as Heat Wave Melts Sierra Snowpack | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>Standing before a tractor peeking out of a temporary inland sea, Gov. Gavin Newsom said that if you don’t believe in climate change, visit California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People here are quite literally just a stone’s throw away in houses that will likely be underwater in a matter of months,” Newsom said, of homes protected by a threatened levee outside the Kings County town of Corcoran, home to 22,000 people and a prison complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Central Valley counties — Kern, Kings, Fresno and Tulare — are on high alert as the heat melts the southern Sierra’s snowpack, which is at 324% of normal for this date since the state began conducting snow measurements in 1910. The levee protecting Corcoran is in question as the flows push against the structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the governor to be here today lowers the anxiety level in Corcoran,” said Richard Valle, who was born in Corcoran and now represents the town on the Kings County Board of Supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tulare County Supervisor Eddie Valero said that in the past few months, in his county, atmospheric river flooding breached canals more than 50 times, swamped more than 640 homes, destroyed 37 houses and restored Tulare Lake — a former inland lake historically dried up and replaced by farmland and cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are tired, homes are gutted, lands aren’t harvestable and the livelihoods of many are at stake,” Valero said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flood risk is expected for the next four months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are now into the next phase of the winter-of-2023 storm event and flood emergency, and that is planning for a historic snowmelt season,” said Karla Nemeth, director of the California Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Eddie Valero, Tulare County supervisor\"]‘People are tired, homes are gutted, lands aren’t harvestable and the livelihoods of many are at stake.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A nearly statewide heat wave is expected to bring 90-degree temperatures to inland California, which will begin to melt the massive snowpack — record-breaking in the southern Sierra Nevada — and flow into rivers and reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flows have the potential to flood mountain and valley communities; the bounds of Tulare Lake will likely only grow more prominent. In response, state and local governments are taking action to build up levees where possible, modeling how runoff will flow into the valley and taking every chance to protect people in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Anderson, the state’s climatologist, said one of the big reasons the big melt will likely occur is because temperatures at night are supposed to stay warm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Towards the end of the week, we’re gonna see things warm up, and warmer outcomes mean more snowmelt,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just how much snow will melt is determined by the sun’s angle, the length of the day and how much radiation makes it into the snowpack, Anderson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This week is just going to get progressively worse and then maybe relent a bit the following week,” said UCLA climate scientist Daniel Swain. “The problem is there’s nowhere else for this water to go, and the Tulare Lake basin is just going to fill up like a bathtub.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state is running models to see what the impact of snowmelt might be like in places like the Tulare Lake basin, said Brian Ferguson, deputy director of crisis communications and media relations for the state Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES), at a media briefing Monday.[aside label='More on the Environment' tag='environment']“There’s water jujitsu happening,” he said. “Flowing with the water to put it where it needs to be, but also understanding what are the emergency protective measures we as a state along with our local and federal counterparts can do to help protect these communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ferguson said as the rate of flood risk speeds up, the state is prioritizing public safety. It is approaching the crisis from a regional perspective since four counties have the potential to flood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cannot dig our way out of this,” he said. “We just need to be smart about the steps we can take holistically to protect as many people as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency is also paying close attention to public infrastructure in the path of floodwaters — things like sewers, hospitals, nursing homes and prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have a challenging few weeks to come, but one of the things that we continue to be impressed with is the ability of Californians to come together during these challenging times,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A flooding resource center is now open in the community of Farmersville, and mobile units will be dispatched across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Central Valley counties Kern, Kings, Fresno and Tulare are on high alert as the heat melts the southern Sierra's snowpack, causing flood risks that will be expected over the next four months.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704846033,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":815},"headData":{"title":"Southern Central Valley Counties Brace for Flooding as Heat Wave Melts Sierra Snowpack | KQED","description":"Central Valley counties Kern, Kings, Fresno and Tulare are on high alert as the heat melts the southern Sierra's snowpack, causing flood risks that will be expected over the next four months.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Southern Central Valley Counties Brace for Flooding as Heat Wave Melts Sierra Snowpack","datePublished":"2023-04-25T23:59:12.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:20:33.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1982460/southern-central-valley-counties-brace-for-flooding-as-heat-wave-melts-sierra-snowpack","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Standing before a tractor peeking out of a temporary inland sea, Gov. Gavin Newsom said that if you don’t believe in climate change, visit California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People here are quite literally just a stone’s throw away in houses that will likely be underwater in a matter of months,” Newsom said, of homes protected by a threatened levee outside the Kings County town of Corcoran, home to 22,000 people and a prison complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Central Valley counties — Kern, Kings, Fresno and Tulare — are on high alert as the heat melts the southern Sierra’s snowpack, which is at 324% of normal for this date since the state began conducting snow measurements in 1910. The levee protecting Corcoran is in question as the flows push against the structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the governor to be here today lowers the anxiety level in Corcoran,” said Richard Valle, who was born in Corcoran and now represents the town on the Kings County Board of Supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tulare County Supervisor Eddie Valero said that in the past few months, in his county, atmospheric river flooding breached canals more than 50 times, swamped more than 640 homes, destroyed 37 houses and restored Tulare Lake — a former inland lake historically dried up and replaced by farmland and cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are tired, homes are gutted, lands aren’t harvestable and the livelihoods of many are at stake,” Valero said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flood risk is expected for the next four months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are now into the next phase of the winter-of-2023 storm event and flood emergency, and that is planning for a historic snowmelt season,” said Karla Nemeth, director of the California Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘People are tired, homes are gutted, lands aren’t harvestable and the livelihoods of many are at stake.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Eddie Valero, Tulare County supervisor","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A nearly statewide heat wave is expected to bring 90-degree temperatures to inland California, which will begin to melt the massive snowpack — record-breaking in the southern Sierra Nevada — and flow into rivers and reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flows have the potential to flood mountain and valley communities; the bounds of Tulare Lake will likely only grow more prominent. In response, state and local governments are taking action to build up levees where possible, modeling how runoff will flow into the valley and taking every chance to protect people in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Anderson, the state’s climatologist, said one of the big reasons the big melt will likely occur is because temperatures at night are supposed to stay warm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Towards the end of the week, we’re gonna see things warm up, and warmer outcomes mean more snowmelt,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just how much snow will melt is determined by the sun’s angle, the length of the day and how much radiation makes it into the snowpack, Anderson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This week is just going to get progressively worse and then maybe relent a bit the following week,” said UCLA climate scientist Daniel Swain. “The problem is there’s nowhere else for this water to go, and the Tulare Lake basin is just going to fill up like a bathtub.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state is running models to see what the impact of snowmelt might be like in places like the Tulare Lake basin, said Brian Ferguson, deputy director of crisis communications and media relations for the state Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES), at a media briefing Monday.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More on the Environment ","tag":"environment"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“There’s water jujitsu happening,” he said. “Flowing with the water to put it where it needs to be, but also understanding what are the emergency protective measures we as a state along with our local and federal counterparts can do to help protect these communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ferguson said as the rate of flood risk speeds up, the state is prioritizing public safety. It is approaching the crisis from a regional perspective since four counties have the potential to flood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cannot dig our way out of this,” he said. “We just need to be smart about the steps we can take holistically to protect as many people as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency is also paying close attention to public infrastructure in the path of floodwaters — things like sewers, hospitals, nursing homes and prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have a challenging few weeks to come, but one of the things that we continue to be impressed with is the ability of Californians to come together during these challenging times,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A flooding resource center is now open in the community of Farmersville, and mobile units will be dispatched across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1982460/southern-central-valley-counties-brace-for-flooding-as-heat-wave-melts-sierra-snowpack","authors":["11746"],"categories":["science_35","science_40","science_4450"],"tags":["science_5178","science_686","science_109","science_1462"],"featImg":"science_1982469","label":"science"},"science_1948387":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1948387","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1948387","score":null,"sort":[1570039285000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"future-of-raising-shasta-dam-uncertain","title":"Future of Raising Shasta Dam Uncertain","publishDate":1570039285,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Future of Raising Shasta Dam Uncertain | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Westlands Water District \u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://wwd.ca.gov/wwd-media/press-release-24/\">announced\u003c/a> this week that i\u003c/span>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">t’s spiking a study \u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">on the potential effects of\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">raising the height of Shasta Dam. That’s because the district couldn’t meet \u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the federal Bureau of Reclamation’s deadline for the study.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The announcement throws into question the future of elevating the dam and follows the Fresno-based irrigation district’s losses in court fights with California and environmental groups over the legality of the project. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Redding Record Searchlight \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.redding.com/story/news/2019/09/30/westlands-water-district-stops-work-shasta-dam-study-after-court-loss/3826124002/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">reports\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that the feds were looking for partners to help pay to raise the dam 18.5 feet higher at a cost of $1.4 billion. Westlands was the only agency that had indicated interest in working with the bureau.\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Below is a good \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletter/newsom-and-the-ncaa-shasta-water-project-delay-officials-cash-in-on-legal-weed/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">summary\u003c/a> of the story from Calmatters’ Dan Morain …\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nA plan to enlarge Lake Shasta \u003c/strong>to provide more water for Central Valley farms was dealt a significant setback Monday when one of the main advocates halted plans to study the project’s environmental impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It’s complicated: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation\u003c/strong> under the Trump administration dusted off plans to raise the height of Shasta Dam by 18.5 feet, a $1.4 billion project.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>That would increase\u003c/strong> Shasta reservoir’s capacity and make more water available, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/28/climate/bernhardt-shasta-dam.html\">detailed by The New York Times.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Uncle Sam expects\u003c/strong> a matching commitment from California.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The state itself \u003c/strong>opposes the project, but not the Westlands Water District, which provides water to farms in Fresno and Kings counties.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enlarging Lake Shasta \u003c/strong>could damage the McCloud River, which flows into Shasta. State law protects the McLoud as a wild and scenic river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Westlands decided\u003c/strong> to embark on an environmental impact report to test whether the project would, in fact, damage the McLoud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003c/strong>sued to block Westlands from undertaking that report. \u003ca href=\"https://www.redding.com/story/news/2019/09/30/westlands-water-district-stops-work-shasta-dam-study-after-court-loss/3826124002/\">Westlands lost in the courts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Monday, \u003c/strong>Westlands General Manager Tom Birmingham told me Westlands had no choice but to drop plans to complete the environmental impact report. Westlands could conduct a different type of analysis, but that will delay the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Birmingham: \u003c/strong>“It certainly has created a lot of uncertainty. How it will affect the Bureau of Reclamation, I don’t know.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The federal official\u003c/strong> overseeing the project did not respond Calmatter’s call.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Here is previous \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/tag/shasta-dam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED coverage\u003c/a> going back to 2013 on the proposed project,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The federal government was looking for a partner to help pay to raise the dam 18.5 feet higher at a cost of $1.4 billion. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848271,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":428},"headData":{"title":"Future of Raising Shasta Dam Uncertain | KQED","description":"The federal government was looking for a partner to help pay to raise the dam 18.5 feet higher at a cost of $1.4 billion. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Future of Raising Shasta Dam Uncertain","datePublished":"2019-10-02T18:01:25.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:57:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Water","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1948387/future-of-raising-shasta-dam-uncertain","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Westlands Water District \u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://wwd.ca.gov/wwd-media/press-release-24/\">announced\u003c/a> this week that i\u003c/span>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">t’s spiking a study \u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">on the potential effects of\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">raising the height of Shasta Dam. That’s because the district couldn’t meet \u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the federal Bureau of Reclamation’s deadline for the study.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The announcement throws into question the future of elevating the dam and follows the Fresno-based irrigation district’s losses in court fights with California and environmental groups over the legality of the project. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Redding Record Searchlight \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.redding.com/story/news/2019/09/30/westlands-water-district-stops-work-shasta-dam-study-after-court-loss/3826124002/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">reports\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that the feds were looking for partners to help pay to raise the dam 18.5 feet higher at a cost of $1.4 billion. Westlands was the only agency that had indicated interest in working with the bureau.\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Below is a good \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletter/newsom-and-the-ncaa-shasta-water-project-delay-officials-cash-in-on-legal-weed/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">summary\u003c/a> of the story from Calmatters’ Dan Morain …\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nA plan to enlarge Lake Shasta \u003c/strong>to provide more water for Central Valley farms was dealt a significant setback Monday when one of the main advocates halted plans to study the project’s environmental impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It’s complicated: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation\u003c/strong> under the Trump administration dusted off plans to raise the height of Shasta Dam by 18.5 feet, a $1.4 billion project.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>That would increase\u003c/strong> Shasta reservoir’s capacity and make more water available, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/28/climate/bernhardt-shasta-dam.html\">detailed by The New York Times.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Uncle Sam expects\u003c/strong> a matching commitment from California.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The state itself \u003c/strong>opposes the project, but not the Westlands Water District, which provides water to farms in Fresno and Kings counties.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enlarging Lake Shasta \u003c/strong>could damage the McCloud River, which flows into Shasta. State law protects the McLoud as a wild and scenic river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Westlands decided\u003c/strong> to embark on an environmental impact report to test whether the project would, in fact, damage the McLoud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003c/strong>sued to block Westlands from undertaking that report. \u003ca href=\"https://www.redding.com/story/news/2019/09/30/westlands-water-district-stops-work-shasta-dam-study-after-court-loss/3826124002/\">Westlands lost in the courts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Monday, \u003c/strong>Westlands General Manager Tom Birmingham told me Westlands had no choice but to drop plans to complete the environmental impact report. Westlands could conduct a different type of analysis, but that will delay the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Birmingham: \u003c/strong>“It certainly has created a lot of uncertainty. How it will affect the Bureau of Reclamation, I don’t know.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The federal official\u003c/strong> overseeing the project did not respond Calmatter’s call.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Here is previous \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/tag/shasta-dam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED coverage\u003c/a> going back to 2013 on the proposed project,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1948387/future-of-raising-shasta-dam-uncertain","authors":["11608"],"categories":["science_35","science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_3969","science_686","science_3840","science_463","science_201"],"featImg":"science_1948390","label":"source_science_1948387"},"science_1939169":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1939169","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1939169","score":null,"sort":[1552978864000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"one-increasingly-popular-way-to-control-floods-let-the-water-come","title":"One Increasingly Popular Way to Control Floods: Let the Water Come","publishDate":1552978864,"format":"standard","headTitle":"One Increasingly Popular Way to Control Floods: Let the Water Come | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>In California’s Central Valley, 100 miles east of San Francisco, the San Joaquin and Tuolumne rivers meet. Their waters mingle amid a wide flat plain of shrubs, cottonwood and oak trees. The Dos Rios Ranch Preserve, 1,600 acres of wetlands, river habitat and rolling hills, sits at the site of this juncture. On clear days, the Sierra Nevada rises in the east and the Coast Range to the west.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Promoting floodplains as a way to refill aquifers, reduce risk from flood damage, re-create wildlife habitat and filter pollutants.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As Jason Faridi surveys the scene on a recent early morning, the sun’s rays reflect off the river, turning the water the color of egg yolks. A cacophony of bird calls fill the air. Near the water’s margin, waxy milk cartons — cut in half to hold seedling plants — bob up and down. They contain young elderberry and cottonwood plants, stretching their roots toward the clay river bottom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will take a couple more years for these replanted natives to reach maturity at Dos Rios, the largest floodplain restoration project in the state. After six years of work and $40 million in funding, the riparian habitat flooded for the first time this winter, after strong February storms and the waters could sustain all the way through June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The natural trees and shrubs that we’re putting in here want the floodwaters to come in,” says Faridi, a restoration ecologist, looking out onto a riparian forest at the water’s edge. Not only do these plants thrive under floodwaters, he says, “the river itself and the animals in it benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Faridi is with River Partners, an environmental nonprofit based in Chico that focuses on restoring floodplains and wetlands. After years of battling the frequently flooded land, the Lyons Family, previous owners of the Dos Rios Ranch, decided to sell the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For as long as the agriculture has been here, they’ve been dealing with flood damage,” says Fairidi. “They were always fighting that so they could protect their property. Now we’ve kind of reversed that. … We’re reducing flood damage, because there’s no more ranching.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners and the Tuolumne River Trust raised funds to buy the ranch over a period of 10 years. The nonprofit took down agricultural berms — raised barriers of land engineered to prevent flooding — to reconnect the floodplain to the river. River Partners has planted over 200,000 native plants, which naturally store floodwaters and release them slowly back into the river, protecting nearby communities. So far the group has restored 600 acres of Dos Rios Ranch, and are currently working on 700 more acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit points to floodplains as a key way to refill long-tapped aquifers, reduce risk from flood damage, re-create wildlife habitat and filter pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939175\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1939175\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-800x523.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-768x502.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-1200x784.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One portion of the ranch that has not yet been restored at Dos Rios Ranch in Modesto. The Coast Range sits to the west of the property on Friday Feb. 22, 2019. (Lindsey Moore/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Going With the Flow\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a wild river floods, water and sediment spills over its banks onto adjacent land, it builds up a natural floodplain. Floodplains allow a river’s high flows to spread out and slow down, forming temporary reservoirs that pool over the rainy season. That means more water percolating down into underlying aquifers — a layer of permeable rock, sand, gravel and silt that stores water — and less floodwaters barreling toward cities. Low points on a floodplain, or swales, also serve as food chambers for fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For much of the last century, standard practice in California has been to channelize rivers, choking off high flows from their natural floodplains, in an effort to protect crops and cities. But that \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/10/10/a-landmark-california-plan-puts-floodplains-back-in-business\">convention is evolving.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his state-of-the state address this February, Governor Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mxmuo8MhOgk\">vowed to expand floodplain habitat\u003c/a> in the Central Valley. This is one approach California is investing in to increase groundwater storage and reduce flood damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent storms have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1938969/it-took-a-while-but-california-is-now-almost-completely-out-of-drought\">wiped out California’s recent drought. \u003c/a>But, even if surface waters are aplenty, in many parts of the state groundwater levels are still at all-time lows. About 85 percent of \u003ca href=\"https://www.watereducation.org/photo-gallery/california-water-101\">Californians depend on \u003c/a>these underground water-storage chambers for some portion of their drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Flood Now, Use Later\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although floodplains take land out of commission for growing crops or raising livestock, some people hope restored floodplains will benefit agriculture in the long run as a natural water storage system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a win for the environment and it’s a win for agriculture because that means you’re maintaining more water for those drought years,” says Jake Wenger, a Modesto farmer of more than 40 years and a former irrigation district board member.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A floodplain’s layer-cake of clay, sand and gravel may also prove effective in filtering water pollutants. In the San Joaquin Valley, more than 1 million people \u003ca href=\"https://psmag.com/environment/how-water-contamination-is-putting-this-california-town-at-risk\">cannot access clean drinking water\u003c/a> owing to agricultural pollutants, such as nitrates and pesticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be able to create areas where we are adding to freshwater supplies is one of the goals of our projects,” says Terrel Hutton, of River Partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dos Rios operations manager, Stephen Sheppard, estimates that when the restored plains flood, the waters are anywhere from 1 to 10 feet deep. Quantifying how much of these floodwaters enters the underlying aquifer will be the aim of a research project River Partners is working on with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939176\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1939176\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-800x522.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"522\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-800x522.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-768x501.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-1020x665.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-1200x783.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A swollen floodplain at the Dos Rios Ranch in Modesto on Friday Feb. 22, 2019. (Lindsey Moore/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, Jeffrey Mount, former director of the UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences, expects the amount of water seeping into the aquifer will be low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Natural floodplains have clay rich soils,” says Mount, currently a senior fellow with the Public Policy Institute of California. “You often don’t get really good recharge in those areas, because you have to let water sit for a very long time.” The Central Valley is riddled with “boom and bust” cycles of rainfall and drought, and Mount says sustaining floodplain habitat may be challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the area is prime real estate for this restoration. “Because we have not urbanized those floodplains,” says Mount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners has \u003ca href=\"https://www.riverpartners.org/projects/\">completed four riparian habitat restorations\u003c/a> in the Sacramento Valley, and Mount says that is another area ripe for further floodplain renourishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the state about 25 restoration projects are currently underway, estimates Julie Rentner, who leads project development at River Partners. Dozens more are in the pipeline, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-term impact that restored floodplains could have on bolstering California’s water supply is, for now, unclear. And it’s not a water-storage solution that’s viable in every part of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeal of these projects could “allow people to ignore the harder question which is, how will you reduce water usage?” Mount said. “That’s how you will increase groundwater storage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Welcoming Back Native Species\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restoring floodplains won’t solve all of California’s water security issues, Mount says, but the projects have many benefits. They’re “good for water supply, good for water quality and it’s good for habitat from everything from birds to fishes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to 130,000 native plants such as California wild rose, blackberry bush, and trees like willows and oaks have grown at the ranch since the floodplain restoration began six years ago. This newly created habitat provides shade on the river, lowering its temperature and allowing fish, such as steelhead trout and Chinook salmon, to fatten up before making their way to the ocean. Dos Rios has even welcomed back federally endangered species, such as the riparian brush rabbit, whose habitat was wiped out when the land was used for farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of engineering California’s rivers, Faridi thinks reconnecting them with floodplains may be a way California can “move forward managing our waterways, managing species, and managing flood damage reduction to communities along the river.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Flooding is always termed as a bad word,” says Faridi. But in the case of these plains, “it’s actually a good word.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California is looking to floodplains as a way to avoid flood damage and store water. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848788,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":1441},"headData":{"title":"One Increasingly Popular Way to Control Floods: Let the Water Come | KQED","description":"California is looking to floodplains as a way to avoid flood damage and store water. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"One Increasingly Popular Way to Control Floods: Let the Water Come","datePublished":"2019-03-19T07:01:04.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T01:06:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Floodplains","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1939169/one-increasingly-popular-way-to-control-floods-let-the-water-come","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In California’s Central Valley, 100 miles east of San Francisco, the San Joaquin and Tuolumne rivers meet. Their waters mingle amid a wide flat plain of shrubs, cottonwood and oak trees. The Dos Rios Ranch Preserve, 1,600 acres of wetlands, river habitat and rolling hills, sits at the site of this juncture. On clear days, the Sierra Nevada rises in the east and the Coast Range to the west.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Promoting floodplains as a way to refill aquifers, reduce risk from flood damage, re-create wildlife habitat and filter pollutants.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As Jason Faridi surveys the scene on a recent early morning, the sun’s rays reflect off the river, turning the water the color of egg yolks. A cacophony of bird calls fill the air. Near the water’s margin, waxy milk cartons — cut in half to hold seedling plants — bob up and down. They contain young elderberry and cottonwood plants, stretching their roots toward the clay river bottom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will take a couple more years for these replanted natives to reach maturity at Dos Rios, the largest floodplain restoration project in the state. After six years of work and $40 million in funding, the riparian habitat flooded for the first time this winter, after strong February storms and the waters could sustain all the way through June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The natural trees and shrubs that we’re putting in here want the floodwaters to come in,” says Faridi, a restoration ecologist, looking out onto a riparian forest at the water’s edge. Not only do these plants thrive under floodwaters, he says, “the river itself and the animals in it benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Faridi is with River Partners, an environmental nonprofit based in Chico that focuses on restoring floodplains and wetlands. After years of battling the frequently flooded land, the Lyons Family, previous owners of the Dos Rios Ranch, decided to sell the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For as long as the agriculture has been here, they’ve been dealing with flood damage,” says Fairidi. “They were always fighting that so they could protect their property. Now we’ve kind of reversed that. … We’re reducing flood damage, because there’s no more ranching.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners and the Tuolumne River Trust raised funds to buy the ranch over a period of 10 years. The nonprofit took down agricultural berms — raised barriers of land engineered to prevent flooding — to reconnect the floodplain to the river. River Partners has planted over 200,000 native plants, which naturally store floodwaters and release them slowly back into the river, protecting nearby communities. So far the group has restored 600 acres of Dos Rios Ranch, and are currently working on 700 more acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit points to floodplains as a key way to refill long-tapped aquifers, reduce risk from flood damage, re-create wildlife habitat and filter pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939175\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1939175\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-800x523.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-768x502.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022-1200x784.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35470_DosRios_022.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One portion of the ranch that has not yet been restored at Dos Rios Ranch in Modesto. The Coast Range sits to the west of the property on Friday Feb. 22, 2019. (Lindsey Moore/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Going With the Flow\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a wild river floods, water and sediment spills over its banks onto adjacent land, it builds up a natural floodplain. Floodplains allow a river’s high flows to spread out and slow down, forming temporary reservoirs that pool over the rainy season. That means more water percolating down into underlying aquifers — a layer of permeable rock, sand, gravel and silt that stores water — and less floodwaters barreling toward cities. Low points on a floodplain, or swales, also serve as food chambers for fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For much of the last century, standard practice in California has been to channelize rivers, choking off high flows from their natural floodplains, in an effort to protect crops and cities. But that \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/10/10/a-landmark-california-plan-puts-floodplains-back-in-business\">convention is evolving.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his state-of-the state address this February, Governor Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mxmuo8MhOgk\">vowed to expand floodplain habitat\u003c/a> in the Central Valley. This is one approach California is investing in to increase groundwater storage and reduce flood damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent storms have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1938969/it-took-a-while-but-california-is-now-almost-completely-out-of-drought\">wiped out California’s recent drought. \u003c/a>But, even if surface waters are aplenty, in many parts of the state groundwater levels are still at all-time lows. About 85 percent of \u003ca href=\"https://www.watereducation.org/photo-gallery/california-water-101\">Californians depend on \u003c/a>these underground water-storage chambers for some portion of their drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Flood Now, Use Later\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although floodplains take land out of commission for growing crops or raising livestock, some people hope restored floodplains will benefit agriculture in the long run as a natural water storage system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a win for the environment and it’s a win for agriculture because that means you’re maintaining more water for those drought years,” says Jake Wenger, a Modesto farmer of more than 40 years and a former irrigation district board member.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A floodplain’s layer-cake of clay, sand and gravel may also prove effective in filtering water pollutants. In the San Joaquin Valley, more than 1 million people \u003ca href=\"https://psmag.com/environment/how-water-contamination-is-putting-this-california-town-at-risk\">cannot access clean drinking water\u003c/a> owing to agricultural pollutants, such as nitrates and pesticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be able to create areas where we are adding to freshwater supplies is one of the goals of our projects,” says Terrel Hutton, of River Partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dos Rios operations manager, Stephen Sheppard, estimates that when the restored plains flood, the waters are anywhere from 1 to 10 feet deep. Quantifying how much of these floodwaters enters the underlying aquifer will be the aim of a research project River Partners is working on with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939176\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1939176\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-800x522.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"522\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-800x522.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-768x501.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-1020x665.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013-1200x783.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/03/RS35461_DosRios_013.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A swollen floodplain at the Dos Rios Ranch in Modesto on Friday Feb. 22, 2019. (Lindsey Moore/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, Jeffrey Mount, former director of the UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences, expects the amount of water seeping into the aquifer will be low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Natural floodplains have clay rich soils,” says Mount, currently a senior fellow with the Public Policy Institute of California. “You often don’t get really good recharge in those areas, because you have to let water sit for a very long time.” The Central Valley is riddled with “boom and bust” cycles of rainfall and drought, and Mount says sustaining floodplain habitat may be challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the area is prime real estate for this restoration. “Because we have not urbanized those floodplains,” says Mount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River Partners has \u003ca href=\"https://www.riverpartners.org/projects/\">completed four riparian habitat restorations\u003c/a> in the Sacramento Valley, and Mount says that is another area ripe for further floodplain renourishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the state about 25 restoration projects are currently underway, estimates Julie Rentner, who leads project development at River Partners. Dozens more are in the pipeline, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-term impact that restored floodplains could have on bolstering California’s water supply is, for now, unclear. And it’s not a water-storage solution that’s viable in every part of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeal of these projects could “allow people to ignore the harder question which is, how will you reduce water usage?” Mount said. “That’s how you will increase groundwater storage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Welcoming Back Native Species\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restoring floodplains won’t solve all of California’s water security issues, Mount says, but the projects have many benefits. They’re “good for water supply, good for water quality and it’s good for habitat from everything from birds to fishes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to 130,000 native plants such as California wild rose, blackberry bush, and trees like willows and oaks have grown at the ranch since the floodplain restoration began six years ago. This newly created habitat provides shade on the river, lowering its temperature and allowing fish, such as steelhead trout and Chinook salmon, to fatten up before making their way to the ocean. Dos Rios has even welcomed back federally endangered species, such as the riparian brush rabbit, whose habitat was wiped out when the land was used for farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of engineering California’s rivers, Faridi thinks reconnecting them with floodplains may be a way California can “move forward managing our waterways, managing species, and managing flood damage reduction to communities along the river.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Flooding is always termed as a bad word,” says Faridi. But in the case of these plains, “it’s actually a good word.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1939169/one-increasingly-popular-way-to-control-floods-let-the-water-come","authors":["11578"],"categories":["science_35","science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_686","science_3370","science_3832","science_1548","science_3834","science_490"],"featImg":"science_1939174","label":"source_science_1939169"},"science_1937151":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1937151","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1937151","score":null,"sort":[1548788255000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-approves-plan-to-clean-up-central-valleys-toxic-air","title":"California Approves Plan to Clean Up Central Valley's Toxic Air","publishDate":1548788255,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California Approves Plan to Clean Up Central Valley’s Toxic Air | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>The California Air Resources Board on Thursday \u003ca href=\"https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/CARB/bulletins/22a833b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced \u003c/a>it’s moving forward with a plan to clean up the toxic air that plagues the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The region, which stretches from roughly Stockton to Bakersfield through the middle of the state, suffers some of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/may/13/california-san-joaquin-valley-porterville-pollution-poverty\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> most dangerous air quality\u003c/a> in the country. \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/40894933_Outdoor_air_pollution_and_uncontrolled_asthma_in_the_San_Joaquin_Valley_California\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Asthma\u003c/a> and asthma-related hospitalization rates in the San Joaquin Valley are among the highest in the state, particularly in children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A major culprit is fine particulate pollution, known as PM2.5, made up of tiny particles like soot, dust or sulfates floating through the air. These particles are \u003cem>2.5 \u003c/em>or fewer micrometers in diameter and are typically produced by the burning of carbon-based fuel. Not only does the San Joaquin Valley have the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/local-content/california/documents/state-of-the-air/2018/sota-2018-statewide-press-english.pdf\">wors\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/local-content/california/documents/state-of-the-air/2018/sota-2018-statewide-press-english.pdf\">t \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/local-content/california/documents/state-of-the-air/2018/sota-2018-statewide-press-english.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">particle pollution\u003c/a> in California, it’s also the among the worst nationally, failing to meet four federal standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[emailsignup newslettername='science' align='right']“The San Joaquin Valley has had a longstanding challenge in meeting the federal air quality standards for fine particulate,” says Michael Benjamin, chief of CARB’s Air Quality Planning and Science Division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The region is still struggling to meet PM2.5 standards established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 1997 and since revised. Due to it’s history of noncompliance, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.valleyair.org/Home.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District\u003c/a> is required to draft a plan to meet the requirements and submit it to CARB, the state’s clean air agency, which must approve it before passing it on to the EPA for federal approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benjamin says the combination of agricultural emissions as well as those from the high volume of trucks moving through the region makes it a hot spot for these pollutants. In addition, the valley’s hot, dry summers followed by cool winters trap pollutants in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly half of the fine particulate pollution in the region is the product of burning fuels like gasoline and diesel. The other half is primarily from wood smoke and dust, \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/planning/sip/sjvpm25/2018plan/2018pm25staffreport.pdf?utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to CARB\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the American Lung Association, the\u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/local-content/california/documents/ALAC_SJV-fact-sheet_042216.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> health risks\u003c/a> associated with particle pollution include asthma attacks, heart attacks, stroke, cancer and harm to developmental and reproductive systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s new plan, which the district drafted with input from CARB and environmental advocacy groups, combines both regulations and financial incentives, with the goal of meeting federal clean air standards by 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan lays outs tighter restrictions on heavy-duty truck emissions, wood-burning stoves, oil refineries and commercial charbroiling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benjamin says the plan will also rely heavily on the use of incentives to encourage owners of trucks and tractors to move to new, “cleaner equipment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re telling people, ‘Okay you need to replace your tractor maybe 10 years sooner than you would otherwise. But if you do that, we will provide 50 percent or more funding to offset the cost of that new piece of equipment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal is to turn over 12,000 tractors and 33,000 trucks in the process. But it’s still unclear where the funding will come from to pay for the incentives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s plan calls for the allocation of $5 billion spread across the next five years to get the San Joaquin Valley up to code by 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The concern of a lot of people is that it relies on the governor and the Legislature allocating funds for this every year,” Benjamin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Magavern, policy director for the Coalition for Clean Air, an advocacy group, says his organization is “skeptical” of the financial feasibility of the state’s plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re relying on levels of incentive money that have not been available in the past, and are unlikely to be available in the future,” Magavern says. “If that money doesn’t materialize, then there’s going to be a gap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, the Coalition for Clean Air advised CARB to reject a previous plan by the district to meet federal standards for particulate pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought what was presented in 2016 was really just a ‘business as usual’ plan,” Magavern says. “We thought that was unacceptable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the new version goes a lot further, Magavern says the coalition pushed for even tighter standards in order “to have more certainty in bringing down the emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Magavern says the San Joaquin Valley’s oil and gas industry should be more heavily regulated for their contributions to the region’s pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been a long effort to try to get the pollution under control and there’s been some progress,” Magavern says, “But we’re definitely not where we need to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While CARB signed off on the district’s plan on Thursday, the EPA approval process could take at least several months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But CARB’s Benjamin says the state won’t wait for the federal government to weigh in before starting to implement the plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In order to hit our target,” he says, “We’re going to need to just move forward in real-world terms—taking these actions, passing these regulations, passing out money, finding money, turning over equipment and doing all of this regardless of the bureaucratic process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benjamin says the region has made significant progress in recent years. Many of the regulatory measures put forth in the plan have already been adopted by CARB, and others could be put into effect as early as late 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ninety percent of the emissions reductions that are going to be needed to achieve clean air has already been adopted by CARB’s board,” Benjamin says. “So what was acted on Thursday was the final 10 percent of emission reductions.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new plan approved by California air quality officials to clean up the air pollution plaguing the San Joaquin Valley moves on to the EPA for approval.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848874,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1007},"headData":{"title":"California Approves Plan to Clean Up Central Valley's Toxic Air | KQED","description":"A new plan approved by California air quality officials to clean up the air pollution plaguing the San Joaquin Valley moves on to the EPA for approval.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Approves Plan to Clean Up Central Valley's Toxic Air","datePublished":"2019-01-29T18:57:35.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T01:07:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/1937151/california-approves-plan-to-clean-up-central-valleys-toxic-air","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The California Air Resources Board on Thursday \u003ca href=\"https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/CARB/bulletins/22a833b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced \u003c/a>it’s moving forward with a plan to clean up the toxic air that plagues the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The region, which stretches from roughly Stockton to Bakersfield through the middle of the state, suffers some of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/may/13/california-san-joaquin-valley-porterville-pollution-poverty\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> most dangerous air quality\u003c/a> in the country. \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/40894933_Outdoor_air_pollution_and_uncontrolled_asthma_in_the_San_Joaquin_Valley_California\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Asthma\u003c/a> and asthma-related hospitalization rates in the San Joaquin Valley are among the highest in the state, particularly in children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A major culprit is fine particulate pollution, known as PM2.5, made up of tiny particles like soot, dust or sulfates floating through the air. These particles are \u003cem>2.5 \u003c/em>or fewer micrometers in diameter and are typically produced by the burning of carbon-based fuel. Not only does the San Joaquin Valley have the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/local-content/california/documents/state-of-the-air/2018/sota-2018-statewide-press-english.pdf\">wors\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/local-content/california/documents/state-of-the-air/2018/sota-2018-statewide-press-english.pdf\">t \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/local-content/california/documents/state-of-the-air/2018/sota-2018-statewide-press-english.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">particle pollution\u003c/a> in California, it’s also the among the worst nationally, failing to meet four federal standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"emailsignup","attributes":{"named":{"newslettername":"science","align":"right","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The San Joaquin Valley has had a longstanding challenge in meeting the federal air quality standards for fine particulate,” says Michael Benjamin, chief of CARB’s Air Quality Planning and Science Division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The region is still struggling to meet PM2.5 standards established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 1997 and since revised. Due to it’s history of noncompliance, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.valleyair.org/Home.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District\u003c/a> is required to draft a plan to meet the requirements and submit it to CARB, the state’s clean air agency, which must approve it before passing it on to the EPA for federal approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benjamin says the combination of agricultural emissions as well as those from the high volume of trucks moving through the region makes it a hot spot for these pollutants. In addition, the valley’s hot, dry summers followed by cool winters trap pollutants in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly half of the fine particulate pollution in the region is the product of burning fuels like gasoline and diesel. The other half is primarily from wood smoke and dust, \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/planning/sip/sjvpm25/2018plan/2018pm25staffreport.pdf?utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to CARB\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the American Lung Association, the\u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/local-content/california/documents/ALAC_SJV-fact-sheet_042216.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> health risks\u003c/a> associated with particle pollution include asthma attacks, heart attacks, stroke, cancer and harm to developmental and reproductive systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s new plan, which the district drafted with input from CARB and environmental advocacy groups, combines both regulations and financial incentives, with the goal of meeting federal clean air standards by 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan lays outs tighter restrictions on heavy-duty truck emissions, wood-burning stoves, oil refineries and commercial charbroiling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benjamin says the plan will also rely heavily on the use of incentives to encourage owners of trucks and tractors to move to new, “cleaner equipment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re telling people, ‘Okay you need to replace your tractor maybe 10 years sooner than you would otherwise. But if you do that, we will provide 50 percent or more funding to offset the cost of that new piece of equipment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal is to turn over 12,000 tractors and 33,000 trucks in the process. But it’s still unclear where the funding will come from to pay for the incentives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s plan calls for the allocation of $5 billion spread across the next five years to get the San Joaquin Valley up to code by 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The concern of a lot of people is that it relies on the governor and the Legislature allocating funds for this every year,” Benjamin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Magavern, policy director for the Coalition for Clean Air, an advocacy group, says his organization is “skeptical” of the financial feasibility of the state’s plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re relying on levels of incentive money that have not been available in the past, and are unlikely to be available in the future,” Magavern says. “If that money doesn’t materialize, then there’s going to be a gap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, the Coalition for Clean Air advised CARB to reject a previous plan by the district to meet federal standards for particulate pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought what was presented in 2016 was really just a ‘business as usual’ plan,” Magavern says. “We thought that was unacceptable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the new version goes a lot further, Magavern says the coalition pushed for even tighter standards in order “to have more certainty in bringing down the emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Magavern says the San Joaquin Valley’s oil and gas industry should be more heavily regulated for their contributions to the region’s pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been a long effort to try to get the pollution under control and there’s been some progress,” Magavern says, “But we’re definitely not where we need to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While CARB signed off on the district’s plan on Thursday, the EPA approval process could take at least several months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But CARB’s Benjamin says the state won’t wait for the federal government to weigh in before starting to implement the plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In order to hit our target,” he says, “We’re going to need to just move forward in real-world terms—taking these actions, passing these regulations, passing out money, finding money, turning over equipment and doing all of this regardless of the bureaucratic process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benjamin says the region has made significant progress in recent years. Many of the regulatory measures put forth in the plan have already been adopted by CARB, and others could be put into effect as early as late 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ninety percent of the emissions reductions that are going to be needed to achieve clean air has already been adopted by CARB’s board,” Benjamin says. “So what was acted on Thursday was the final 10 percent of emission reductions.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1937151/california-approves-plan-to-clean-up-central-valleys-toxic-air","authors":["11368"],"categories":["science_33","science_35","science_39","science_40"],"tags":["science_392","science_505","science_524","science_5178","science_686","science_2080","science_3370","science_1487"],"featImg":"science_1937352","label":"science"},"science_560344":{"type":"posts","id":"science_560344","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"560344","score":null,"sort":[1500676229000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"theres-a-cancer-causing-chemical-in-my-drinking-water-but-california-isnt-regulating-it","title":"California Finally Begins Regulating Cancer-Causing Chemical Found in Drinking Water","publishDate":1500676229,"format":"audio","headTitle":"California Finally Begins Regulating Cancer-Causing Chemical Found in Drinking Water | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>Update, July 18, 2017:\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">More than 25 years after the state determined that 1,2,3-TCP causes cancer, the State Water Resources Control Board voted to approve a standard for the chemical in drinking water. They set the limit at 5 parts per trillion, a level supported by clean water and pesticide reform advocates. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s2\">The state will now start water systems to test all of their wells every month starting in January. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Board chair Felicia Marcus called the vote, “a very important day for public health.” \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It’s a very serious public health threat,” agreed board Vice-Chair Steven Moore. “California officially determined that this is a carcinogen. And when you look at the science and the experiments and all that was done to show it, it is disquieting how serious and insidious this chemical is.” \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, June 20, 2017:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The state water board has proposed a standard for 1,2,3-TCP and held a \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/123-tcp/phtcp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hearing\u003c/a> to receive public comment. The state is proposing that the maximum contamination for 1,2,3-TCP in drinking water be set at 5 parts per trillion. The nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitywatercenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Community Water Center\u003c/a>, which advocates for safe, clean drinking water in the San Joaquin Valley, testified in support of the proposed standard.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>State water officials have not yet formally implemented the standard, but they have issued an \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/123-tcp/123tcp_map_5ppt.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">updated map\u003c/a> showing contaminated wells.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Fresno City Council \u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/post/fresno-takes-first-step-toward-ridding-water-toxic-123-tcp#stream/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has authorized\u003c/a> a study to find out how to remove 12,3-TCP from the city’s water supply. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, January 2, 2017:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In January, The State Water Resources Control Board is expected to roll out the draft of a first-ever enforceable standard for 1,2,3-TCP in California drinking water.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In December, the city of Clovis, in Fresno County, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article122257349.html\">won a $22 million court judgment\u003c/a> against Shell Oil Co., for TCP contamination in wells. More than 40 other cases remain open.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Story, March 7, 2016:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have to admit, after the water crisis in Flint, Michigan, I’m a little freaked out about what’s in my tap water. So when I opened my water bill from the city of Fresno recently, I decided to actually read the “consumer confidence report” for drinking water. And I found this footnote in tiny print:\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003ch2>Consumer Confidence Report Footnote\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>123 Trichloropropane has been detected in 29 wells in Fresno…. Some people who use water containing it over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer, based on studies in laboratory animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Wait…what? I have two little kids, and my family drinks the tap water. And it might cause cancer? I decided to fork out $200 to get mine tested. And to start digging into how 1,2,3-TCP got into the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out, it’s not just Fresno. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/123TCP.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">State Water Resources Control Board\u003c/a>, 1,2,3-TCP has been found in about a hundred public water systems across California, mostly in the Central Valley but also in counties like Santa Cruz, Monterey, Sacramento, and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many Californians don’t know whether this stuff is in their water, because neither the state nor the federal EPA regulates 1,2,3-TCP in drinking water. So that means public utilities don’t have to test for it, filter it out, or advise their customers if it’s in the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>123-TCP IN ACTIVE COMMUNITY WELLS\u003c/h2>\n\u003ch4>Water systems where significant levels of contaminant 123-TCP have been detected.\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_561928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-561928 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic.jpg\" alt=\"TCP_FinalGraphic\" width=\"700\" height=\"780\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic-400x446.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SOURCE: CALIFORNIA STATE WATER RESOURCES CONTROL BOARD, MAP: Teodros Hailye, KQED Science\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s even though the state determined it was a carcinogen back in 1992. And the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) set a very low \u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/water/phg/pdf/082009TCP_phg.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public health goal \u003c/a>for 1,2,3-TCP in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no absolutely no question that is a genotoxic carcinogen,” says Robert Howd, a toxicologist who led the scientific review for OEHHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been no studies of 1,2,3-TCP’s effect on humans, but animal studies showed multiple tumors at multiple sites in both rats and mice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The data are very clear,” Howd says. “Virtually nobody is disputing that. There’s just no controversy about this being a DNA reactive carcinogen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howd’s team set the public health goal at .7 parts per trillion (.0007 parts per billion) The only carcinogen with a lower state public health goal for drinking water is dioxin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">\u003cstrong>How Did It Get Into the Water? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">“This whole story begins in the 1930s, the dawn of the age of chemical agriculture” says San Francisco attorney \u003ca href=\"http://rbwaterlaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Daily-Journal-Article_8.20.12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Todd Robins\u003c/a>. He represents about 30 communities around the state who are suing over 1,2,3-TCP contamination, and he’s spent the last decade trying to track how it leached into groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“Shell saw a huge opportunity to take a hazardous waste stream from their chemical plants…and start putting it in barrels, and selling it to farmers.”\u003ccite>San Francisco attorney Todd Robins\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Somebody at the Pineapple Research Institute in Honolulu got ahold of this sample of what was essentially hazardous waste from a chemical production process at Shell,” he says, “and he used it in some experiments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experiments, Robins says, were to figure out how to control nematodes, tiny microscopic worms in the soil that attack a plant’s roots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shell saw a huge opportunity to take a hazardous waste stream from their chemical plants … and start putting it in barrels, and selling it to farmers,” says Robins. “Then Dow soon followed suit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies sold the product to farmers as a fumigant, which is injected into the soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robins has compiled a huge stack of documents that show neither Dow Chemical nor Shell \u003ca href=\"https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/000464-00240-19741121.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">listed 1,2,3-TCP\u003c/a> on their \u003ca href=\"http://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/000201-00253-19690414.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">product labels\u003c/a>, even though it was one of several ingredients. One of Dow’s own scientists \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_memo.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">admitted\u003c/a> that the compound had served no function killing nematodes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robins shows me a 1974 memo where Dow describes some of the fumigant components as “garbage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_562003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 4272px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-562003\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez.jpg\" alt=\"Ralph Gutierrez says Shell and Dow should pay to clean 1,2,3-TCP out of Woodville's water.\" width=\"4272\" height=\"2848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez.jpg 4272w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4272px) 100vw, 4272px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ralph Gutierrez says Shell and Dow should pay to clean 1,2,3-TCP out of Woodville’s water. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Some of the most startling information is how clearly the companies understood from a scientific perspective the amount of garbage they were putting into these products,” says Robins, “and knowingly having farmers essentially dispose of their hazardous waste for them on farm fields throughout our state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a few cases, Dow and Shell have paid to clean up groundwater with 1,2,3-TCP. But in the more than 3 dozen cases filed against the companies over the contamination, they’ve never admitted any wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Dow and Shell declined my request for a taped interview. They sent me emails saying they couldn’t comment on active litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow spokesman Randy Fishback wrote that fumigants with 1,2,3-TCP were part of what he called “historical, highly beneficial agricultural products” that “controlled agricultural pests that otherwise would have caused millions of dollars in annual crop losses.” He added those products have been off the market for several decades, and that “TCP is also associated with certain industrial processes in which Dow had no involvement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tiny Communities Can’t Afford Cleanup\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_562005\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 4272px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-562005\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1.jpg\" alt=\"Woodville is a small farming community in Tulare County, where the 1,2,3-TCP in the drinking water is ten times the state's public health goal. \" width=\"4272\" height=\"2848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1.jpg 4272w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4272px) 100vw, 4272px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woodville is a small farming community in Tulare County, where the 1,2,3-TCP in the drinking water is ten times the state’s public health goal. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of the communities suing Dow and Shell have only a few hundred households, like Woodville in rural Tulare County. Ralph Gutierrez runs the water system here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the meter reader, I’m the sewer line cleaner, I do the budget,” says Gutierrez, grinning in his cowboy boots and Dodger hat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He unlocks the gate to show me one of the town’s two drinking water wells, surrounded by orchards and cow pastures. These wells serve a total of 467 households, and 1,2,3-TCP has been detected in the water at 7 parts per trillion, ten times the public health goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dow and Shell are the ones that put this into the system,” Gutierrez says. “Obviously, they have money to attack their problems, but when you come to communities like this, they’re all farmworkers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gutierrez says there’s no way he can raise water rates high enough to pay for expensive carbon filtration to keep the carcinogen from reaching people’s taps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t want my kids drinking it,” he says. “Would Dow Chemical or Shell like their people to be drinking this water? I don’t think so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Results From My Tap\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out the sample from my kitchen tap comes in at 2.2 parts per trillion. That’s three times the state public health goal for 1,2,3-TCP.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“It’s been a high priority for us to develop regulations.”\u003ccite>Cindy Forbes, State Water Resources Control Board \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>OEHHA sets its goal to try to reduce the lifetime cancer risk to less than one in 1 million. So my risk is three in 1 million, over a lifetime drinking my tap water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, my overall risk of getting cancer from any source is much higher; it’s more like one in three. Truth is, I should probably be more worried about secondhand smoke, or Fresno’s notoriously dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I’m not taking any chances with my kids. I’ve installed an undersink filter that says it takes out Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). But there’s no guarantee it takes out 1,2,3-TCP, because without a government standard, it’s not rated for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>State Regulation On Its Way\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some water systems in the Central Valley have levels of 1,2,3-TCP that push the potential cancer risk to roughly one in 6,000. And a grassroots group called \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitywatercenter.org/cwc_kicks_off_2016_123tcp_campaign\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Community Water Center\u003c/a> is pressuring the state to set a maximum contaminant level for the compound. That’s an enforceable standard, unlike the public health goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 25 years after California declared 1,2,3-TCP to be a carcinogen, drinking water regulators are planning to set that level by next spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been a high priority for us to develop regulations, but we have had so many other regulations with limited resources to work on, that we haven’t been able to get it over the finish line,” says Cindy Forbes, deputy director for the water board’s drinking water program. “There are a lot of pieces to setting a new maximum contaminant level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like conducting their own peer-reviewed science, taking public comment, and evaluating the cost of detection and cleanup — not just the health risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s our number one priority,” says Forbes. “It’s my priority, it’s the board’s priority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sasha Khokha has since moved from Fresno to the Bay Area, where she hosts KQED’s weekly edition of \u003ca href=\"http://audio.californiareport.org/\">The California Report\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The state water board proposes a limit for a dangerous chemical affecting drinking water across California.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704928497,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":49,"wordCount":1939},"headData":{"title":"California Finally Begins Regulating Cancer-Causing Chemical Found in Drinking Water | KQED","description":"The state water board proposes a limit for a dangerous chemical affecting drinking water across California.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Finally Begins Regulating Cancer-Causing Chemical Found in Drinking Water","datePublished":"2017-07-21T22:30:29.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:14:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2016/12/WEBTCPWellsKhohka170102.mp3","sticky":false,"path":"/science/560344/theres-a-cancer-causing-chemical-in-my-drinking-water-but-california-isnt-regulating-it","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>Update, July 18, 2017:\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">More than 25 years after the state determined that 1,2,3-TCP causes cancer, the State Water Resources Control Board voted to approve a standard for the chemical in drinking water. They set the limit at 5 parts per trillion, a level supported by clean water and pesticide reform advocates. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s2\">The state will now start water systems to test all of their wells every month starting in January. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Board chair Felicia Marcus called the vote, “a very important day for public health.” \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It’s a very serious public health threat,” agreed board Vice-Chair Steven Moore. “California officially determined that this is a carcinogen. And when you look at the science and the experiments and all that was done to show it, it is disquieting how serious and insidious this chemical is.” \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, June 20, 2017:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The state water board has proposed a standard for 1,2,3-TCP and held a \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/123-tcp/phtcp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hearing\u003c/a> to receive public comment. The state is proposing that the maximum contamination for 1,2,3-TCP in drinking water be set at 5 parts per trillion. The nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitywatercenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Community Water Center\u003c/a>, which advocates for safe, clean drinking water in the San Joaquin Valley, testified in support of the proposed standard.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>State water officials have not yet formally implemented the standard, but they have issued an \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/123-tcp/123tcp_map_5ppt.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">updated map\u003c/a> showing contaminated wells.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Fresno City Council \u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/post/fresno-takes-first-step-toward-ridding-water-toxic-123-tcp#stream/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has authorized\u003c/a> a study to find out how to remove 12,3-TCP from the city’s water supply. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, January 2, 2017:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In January, The State Water Resources Control Board is expected to roll out the draft of a first-ever enforceable standard for 1,2,3-TCP in California drinking water.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In December, the city of Clovis, in Fresno County, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article122257349.html\">won a $22 million court judgment\u003c/a> against Shell Oil Co., for TCP contamination in wells. More than 40 other cases remain open.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Story, March 7, 2016:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have to admit, after the water crisis in Flint, Michigan, I’m a little freaked out about what’s in my tap water. So when I opened my water bill from the city of Fresno recently, I decided to actually read the “consumer confidence report” for drinking water. And I found this footnote in tiny print:\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003ch2>Consumer Confidence Report Footnote\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>123 Trichloropropane has been detected in 29 wells in Fresno…. Some people who use water containing it over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer, based on studies in laboratory animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Wait…what? I have two little kids, and my family drinks the tap water. And it might cause cancer? I decided to fork out $200 to get mine tested. And to start digging into how 1,2,3-TCP got into the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out, it’s not just Fresno. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/123TCP.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">State Water Resources Control Board\u003c/a>, 1,2,3-TCP has been found in about a hundred public water systems across California, mostly in the Central Valley but also in counties like Santa Cruz, Monterey, Sacramento, and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many Californians don’t know whether this stuff is in their water, because neither the state nor the federal EPA regulates 1,2,3-TCP in drinking water. So that means public utilities don’t have to test for it, filter it out, or advise their customers if it’s in the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>123-TCP IN ACTIVE COMMUNITY WELLS\u003c/h2>\n\u003ch4>Water systems where significant levels of contaminant 123-TCP have been detected.\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_561928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-561928 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic.jpg\" alt=\"TCP_FinalGraphic\" width=\"700\" height=\"780\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic-400x446.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SOURCE: CALIFORNIA STATE WATER RESOURCES CONTROL BOARD, MAP: Teodros Hailye, KQED Science\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s even though the state determined it was a carcinogen back in 1992. And the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) set a very low \u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/water/phg/pdf/082009TCP_phg.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public health goal \u003c/a>for 1,2,3-TCP in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no absolutely no question that is a genotoxic carcinogen,” says Robert Howd, a toxicologist who led the scientific review for OEHHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been no studies of 1,2,3-TCP’s effect on humans, but animal studies showed multiple tumors at multiple sites in both rats and mice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The data are very clear,” Howd says. “Virtually nobody is disputing that. There’s just no controversy about this being a DNA reactive carcinogen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howd’s team set the public health goal at .7 parts per trillion (.0007 parts per billion) The only carcinogen with a lower state public health goal for drinking water is dioxin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">\u003cstrong>How Did It Get Into the Water? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">“This whole story begins in the 1930s, the dawn of the age of chemical agriculture” says San Francisco attorney \u003ca href=\"http://rbwaterlaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Daily-Journal-Article_8.20.12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Todd Robins\u003c/a>. He represents about 30 communities around the state who are suing over 1,2,3-TCP contamination, and he’s spent the last decade trying to track how it leached into groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“Shell saw a huge opportunity to take a hazardous waste stream from their chemical plants…and start putting it in barrels, and selling it to farmers.”\u003ccite>San Francisco attorney Todd Robins\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Somebody at the Pineapple Research Institute in Honolulu got ahold of this sample of what was essentially hazardous waste from a chemical production process at Shell,” he says, “and he used it in some experiments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experiments, Robins says, were to figure out how to control nematodes, tiny microscopic worms in the soil that attack a plant’s roots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shell saw a huge opportunity to take a hazardous waste stream from their chemical plants … and start putting it in barrels, and selling it to farmers,” says Robins. “Then Dow soon followed suit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies sold the product to farmers as a fumigant, which is injected into the soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robins has compiled a huge stack of documents that show neither Dow Chemical nor Shell \u003ca href=\"https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/000464-00240-19741121.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">listed 1,2,3-TCP\u003c/a> on their \u003ca href=\"http://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/000201-00253-19690414.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">product labels\u003c/a>, even though it was one of several ingredients. One of Dow’s own scientists \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_memo.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">admitted\u003c/a> that the compound had served no function killing nematodes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robins shows me a 1974 memo where Dow describes some of the fumigant components as “garbage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_562003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 4272px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-562003\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez.jpg\" alt=\"Ralph Gutierrez says Shell and Dow should pay to clean 1,2,3-TCP out of Woodville's water.\" width=\"4272\" height=\"2848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez.jpg 4272w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4272px) 100vw, 4272px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ralph Gutierrez says Shell and Dow should pay to clean 1,2,3-TCP out of Woodville’s water. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Some of the most startling information is how clearly the companies understood from a scientific perspective the amount of garbage they were putting into these products,” says Robins, “and knowingly having farmers essentially dispose of their hazardous waste for them on farm fields throughout our state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a few cases, Dow and Shell have paid to clean up groundwater with 1,2,3-TCP. But in the more than 3 dozen cases filed against the companies over the contamination, they’ve never admitted any wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Dow and Shell declined my request for a taped interview. They sent me emails saying they couldn’t comment on active litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow spokesman Randy Fishback wrote that fumigants with 1,2,3-TCP were part of what he called “historical, highly beneficial agricultural products” that “controlled agricultural pests that otherwise would have caused millions of dollars in annual crop losses.” He added those products have been off the market for several decades, and that “TCP is also associated with certain industrial processes in which Dow had no involvement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tiny Communities Can’t Afford Cleanup\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_562005\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 4272px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-562005\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1.jpg\" alt=\"Woodville is a small farming community in Tulare County, where the 1,2,3-TCP in the drinking water is ten times the state's public health goal. \" width=\"4272\" height=\"2848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1.jpg 4272w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4272px) 100vw, 4272px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woodville is a small farming community in Tulare County, where the 1,2,3-TCP in the drinking water is ten times the state’s public health goal. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of the communities suing Dow and Shell have only a few hundred households, like Woodville in rural Tulare County. Ralph Gutierrez runs the water system here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the meter reader, I’m the sewer line cleaner, I do the budget,” says Gutierrez, grinning in his cowboy boots and Dodger hat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He unlocks the gate to show me one of the town’s two drinking water wells, surrounded by orchards and cow pastures. These wells serve a total of 467 households, and 1,2,3-TCP has been detected in the water at 7 parts per trillion, ten times the public health goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dow and Shell are the ones that put this into the system,” Gutierrez says. “Obviously, they have money to attack their problems, but when you come to communities like this, they’re all farmworkers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gutierrez says there’s no way he can raise water rates high enough to pay for expensive carbon filtration to keep the carcinogen from reaching people’s taps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t want my kids drinking it,” he says. “Would Dow Chemical or Shell like their people to be drinking this water? I don’t think so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Results From My Tap\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out the sample from my kitchen tap comes in at 2.2 parts per trillion. That’s three times the state public health goal for 1,2,3-TCP.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“It’s been a high priority for us to develop regulations.”\u003ccite>Cindy Forbes, State Water Resources Control Board \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>OEHHA sets its goal to try to reduce the lifetime cancer risk to less than one in 1 million. So my risk is three in 1 million, over a lifetime drinking my tap water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, my overall risk of getting cancer from any source is much higher; it’s more like one in three. Truth is, I should probably be more worried about secondhand smoke, or Fresno’s notoriously dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I’m not taking any chances with my kids. I’ve installed an undersink filter that says it takes out Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). But there’s no guarantee it takes out 1,2,3-TCP, because without a government standard, it’s not rated for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>State Regulation On Its Way\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some water systems in the Central Valley have levels of 1,2,3-TCP that push the potential cancer risk to roughly one in 6,000. And a grassroots group called \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitywatercenter.org/cwc_kicks_off_2016_123tcp_campaign\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Community Water Center\u003c/a> is pressuring the state to set a maximum contaminant level for the compound. That’s an enforceable standard, unlike the public health goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 25 years after California declared 1,2,3-TCP to be a carcinogen, drinking water regulators are planning to set that level by next spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been a high priority for us to develop regulations, but we have had so many other regulations with limited resources to work on, that we haven’t been able to get it over the finish line,” says Cindy Forbes, deputy director for the water board’s drinking water program. “There are a lot of pieces to setting a new maximum contaminant level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like conducting their own peer-reviewed science, taking public comment, and evaluating the cost of detection and cleanup — not just the health risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s our number one priority,” says Forbes. “It’s my priority, it’s the board’s priority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sasha Khokha has since moved from Fresno to the Bay Area, where she hosts KQED’s weekly edition of \u003ca href=\"http://audio.californiareport.org/\">The California Report\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/560344/theres-a-cancer-causing-chemical-in-my-drinking-water-but-california-isnt-regulating-it","authors":["254"],"categories":["science_35","science_39","science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_374","science_686"],"featImg":"science_561926","label":"science"},"science_1330777":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1330777","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1330777","score":null,"sort":[1484697602000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-says-oil-companies-can-keep-dumping-wastewater-during-state-review","title":"California Says Oil Companies Can Keep Dumping Wastewater During State Review","publishDate":1484697602,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California Says Oil Companies Can Keep Dumping Wastewater During State Review | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>For decades, California oil companies have disposed of wastewater by pumping it into aquifers that were supposed to be protected by federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California regulators mistakenly granted permits to do it, through a combination of poor record keeping, miscommunication and permitting errors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, years after the errors first emerged, state officials say that 460 underground injection wells that were disposing of wastewater illegally will be shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘We don’t know the true extent of the damage.’\u003ccite>Hollin Kretzmann, Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>However, the state will miss a deadline to shut down 1,650 other wastewater wells operated by oil companies. In fact, they don’t intend to shut them down at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these wastewater wells are near Central Valley farmland, where groundwater has been a critical water source as reservoirs dried up during the state’s historic drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wells were scheduled to be closed by mid-February this year, unless both federal and state water officials approved them through a public review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California oil regulators are still in the process of filing the necessary paperwork for the environmental reviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until that happens, state regulators announced today that the wells will be allowed to continue operating. They say the 1,650 wells are disposing of oil wastewater in areas where the groundwater isn’t clean enough to be a drinking water source, so no risk of contamination exists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are very concerned about drinking water,” said Jason Marshall, Chief Deputy Director of the California Department of Conservation. “We wouldn’t be allowing injection to take place in a place where that exists, but these are zones where there is no such high quality water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some environmental groups say the wastewater wells should have been shut down years ago, until the state could gauge the extent of the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s shocking that the state was completely asleep at the wheel while oil companies were contaminating these underground sources of drinking water,” says Hollin Kretzmann, an attorney with the Center for Biological Diversity. “The state has allowed continued operation in those aquifers, potentially harming them irreparably.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Billions of Gallons of Oil Wastewater Pumped Underground\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil companies produce massive amounts of wastewater, the result of drilling into California’s watery oil formations. For every barrel of oil, companies get 15 barrels of wastewater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “produced water,” as it’s known, is often extremely salty and holds trace metals and chemicals like benzene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1330915\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 450px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1330915\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Wastewater-graphic.jpg\" alt=\"Oil formations are full of water in California, so after the oil is separated, oil companies pump the wastewater back underground.\" width=\"450\" height=\"519\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Wastewater-graphic.jpg 450w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Wastewater-graphic-160x185.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Wastewater-graphic-240x277.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Wastewater-graphic-375x433.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oil formations are full of water in California, so after the oil is separated, oil companies pump the wastewater back underground. \u003ccite>(Penn State Public Media/WPSU)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Handling that water is a major operation for California’s oil companies. Some of it is injected back underground into oil formations to boost production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the water is disposed of permanently by pumping it into underground rock formations through a well that’s similar to an oil well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Disposing of wastewater this way is allowed by federal law when the groundwater is too salty to potentially be a drinking water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But groundwater closer to the surface is automatically protected by federal law when it’s clean enough to drink or could be a drinking water supply with some treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only way oil companies can dispose of wastewater in those zones is when the aquifer has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dog/Pages/Aquifer_Exemptions.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">exempted from federal protections\u003c/a>. The state must go through a public review process with the federal Environmental Protection Agency to get an exemption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where the California’s problems began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bad Paperwork, Bad Permitting\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the federal EPA, which enforces groundwater protections, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pacific-southwest-media-center/epas-review-californias-underground-injection-control-uic-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">audited California’s oil regulatory agency\u003c/a>, the Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The audit uncovered a trove of problems. Wastewater was being disposed of in aquifers that were clean enough to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, state officials mistakenly gave permits to more than 6,000 wastewater injection wells in protected aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The permits \u003ca href=\"http://www.calepa.ca.gov/Publications/Reports/2015/UICFindings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">were given out due to confusion\u003c/a> over where the geographic boundaries of aquifers ended or whether the aquifer itself was protected or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By December, the state had ordered more than 200 wells to be closed, some of which were in the cleanest aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, oil regulators have reviewed more than 5,000 other wastewater wells, to see whether the surrounding aquifer should be protected — or is too salty and should be exempted from federal protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agreed to complete that review and file for the necessary exemptions with the EPA by February 15, 2017, or the wells would be shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”n3Xgwtjewfo2Dk1ELQeAh9k3tQlBW5Nt”]Now, oil regulators say meeting that deadline isn’t possible for all the wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency brought on additional staff to do the reviews, but says the process has been slower than expected. In some cases, oil companies were slow to provide the necessary information. In other cases, the complexity of the underground geology required more time to analyze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, 460 wells will be shut down because officials have received incomplete or no information from oil companies there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State regulators say they plan to file for exemptions that will cover 1,650 wastewater wells, which will keep operating because they feel confident the exemptions will be approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental groups are concerned that these exemption applications aren’t being given fair scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California depends on its groundwater so much right now and it’s going to be more and more vital in the future,” says Kretzmann. “For the state to be rubber-stamping these applications to give away that groundwater to the oil industry is just so shortsighted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Looking for Evidence of Groundwater Contamination\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since many of the illegal wastewater wells have been operating for decades, questions remain about what the effect has been on the groundwater, especially in places close to people or farmland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State water officials ordered hundreds of groundwater tests in areas where drinking water wells were within one mile of the wastewater wells. They found no direct evidence the oil wastewater was spreading underground and contaminating these wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is part of our ongoing investigation,” says Marshall. “We have not seen any evidence of groundwater contamination from oil field operations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental groups say, because billions of gallons of wastewater have been put underground over the years, there’s a high likelihood that some aquifers were made saltier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know the true extent of the damage, and the extent of the degradation is really hard to calculate,” says Kretzmann. “We’re going to come to need that groundwater in the future and it’s going to become more and more valuable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After today’s announcement, the federal EPA could reject the state’s plan to keep 1,650 wastewater wells open. State oil officials say there are thousands of other wastewater wells that still require some review.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"For years, California has allowed oil companies to put wastewater into protected aquifers. Now, they’re missing a deadline to stop it.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704929184,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":43,"wordCount":1183},"headData":{"title":"California Says Oil Companies Can Keep Dumping Wastewater During State Review | KQED","description":"For years, California has allowed oil companies to put wastewater into protected aquifers. Now, they’re missing a deadline to stop it.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Says Oil Companies Can Keep Dumping Wastewater During State Review","datePublished":"2017-01-18T00:00:02.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:26:24.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/1330777/california-says-oil-companies-can-keep-dumping-wastewater-during-state-review","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For decades, California oil companies have disposed of wastewater by pumping it into aquifers that were supposed to be protected by federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California regulators mistakenly granted permits to do it, through a combination of poor record keeping, miscommunication and permitting errors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, years after the errors first emerged, state officials say that 460 underground injection wells that were disposing of wastewater illegally will be shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘We don’t know the true extent of the damage.’\u003ccite>Hollin Kretzmann, Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>However, the state will miss a deadline to shut down 1,650 other wastewater wells operated by oil companies. In fact, they don’t intend to shut them down at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these wastewater wells are near Central Valley farmland, where groundwater has been a critical water source as reservoirs dried up during the state’s historic drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wells were scheduled to be closed by mid-February this year, unless both federal and state water officials approved them through a public review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California oil regulators are still in the process of filing the necessary paperwork for the environmental reviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until that happens, state regulators announced today that the wells will be allowed to continue operating. They say the 1,650 wells are disposing of oil wastewater in areas where the groundwater isn’t clean enough to be a drinking water source, so no risk of contamination exists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are very concerned about drinking water,” said Jason Marshall, Chief Deputy Director of the California Department of Conservation. “We wouldn’t be allowing injection to take place in a place where that exists, but these are zones where there is no such high quality water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some environmental groups say the wastewater wells should have been shut down years ago, until the state could gauge the extent of the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s shocking that the state was completely asleep at the wheel while oil companies were contaminating these underground sources of drinking water,” says Hollin Kretzmann, an attorney with the Center for Biological Diversity. “The state has allowed continued operation in those aquifers, potentially harming them irreparably.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Billions of Gallons of Oil Wastewater Pumped Underground\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil companies produce massive amounts of wastewater, the result of drilling into California’s watery oil formations. For every barrel of oil, companies get 15 barrels of wastewater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “produced water,” as it’s known, is often extremely salty and holds trace metals and chemicals like benzene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1330915\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 450px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1330915\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Wastewater-graphic.jpg\" alt=\"Oil formations are full of water in California, so after the oil is separated, oil companies pump the wastewater back underground.\" width=\"450\" height=\"519\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Wastewater-graphic.jpg 450w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Wastewater-graphic-160x185.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Wastewater-graphic-240x277.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Wastewater-graphic-375x433.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oil formations are full of water in California, so after the oil is separated, oil companies pump the wastewater back underground. \u003ccite>(Penn State Public Media/WPSU)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Handling that water is a major operation for California’s oil companies. Some of it is injected back underground into oil formations to boost production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the water is disposed of permanently by pumping it into underground rock formations through a well that’s similar to an oil well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Disposing of wastewater this way is allowed by federal law when the groundwater is too salty to potentially be a drinking water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But groundwater closer to the surface is automatically protected by federal law when it’s clean enough to drink or could be a drinking water supply with some treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only way oil companies can dispose of wastewater in those zones is when the aquifer has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dog/Pages/Aquifer_Exemptions.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">exempted from federal protections\u003c/a>. The state must go through a public review process with the federal Environmental Protection Agency to get an exemption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where the California’s problems began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bad Paperwork, Bad Permitting\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the federal EPA, which enforces groundwater protections, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pacific-southwest-media-center/epas-review-californias-underground-injection-control-uic-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">audited California’s oil regulatory agency\u003c/a>, the Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The audit uncovered a trove of problems. Wastewater was being disposed of in aquifers that were clean enough to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, state officials mistakenly gave permits to more than 6,000 wastewater injection wells in protected aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The permits \u003ca href=\"http://www.calepa.ca.gov/Publications/Reports/2015/UICFindings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">were given out due to confusion\u003c/a> over where the geographic boundaries of aquifers ended or whether the aquifer itself was protected or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By December, the state had ordered more than 200 wells to be closed, some of which were in the cleanest aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, oil regulators have reviewed more than 5,000 other wastewater wells, to see whether the surrounding aquifer should be protected — or is too salty and should be exempted from federal protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agreed to complete that review and file for the necessary exemptions with the EPA by February 15, 2017, or the wells would be shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Now, oil regulators say meeting that deadline isn’t possible for all the wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency brought on additional staff to do the reviews, but says the process has been slower than expected. In some cases, oil companies were slow to provide the necessary information. In other cases, the complexity of the underground geology required more time to analyze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, 460 wells will be shut down because officials have received incomplete or no information from oil companies there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State regulators say they plan to file for exemptions that will cover 1,650 wastewater wells, which will keep operating because they feel confident the exemptions will be approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental groups are concerned that these exemption applications aren’t being given fair scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California depends on its groundwater so much right now and it’s going to be more and more vital in the future,” says Kretzmann. “For the state to be rubber-stamping these applications to give away that groundwater to the oil industry is just so shortsighted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Looking for Evidence of Groundwater Contamination\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since many of the illegal wastewater wells have been operating for decades, questions remain about what the effect has been on the groundwater, especially in places close to people or farmland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State water officials ordered hundreds of groundwater tests in areas where drinking water wells were within one mile of the wastewater wells. They found no direct evidence the oil wastewater was spreading underground and contaminating these wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is part of our ongoing investigation,” says Marshall. “We have not seen any evidence of groundwater contamination from oil field operations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental groups say, because billions of gallons of wastewater have been put underground over the years, there’s a high likelihood that some aquifers were made saltier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know the true extent of the damage, and the extent of the degradation is really hard to calculate,” says Kretzmann. “We’re going to come to need that groundwater in the future and it’s going to become more and more valuable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After today’s announcement, the federal EPA could reject the state’s plan to keep 1,650 wastewater wells open. State oil officials say there are thousands of other wastewater wells that still require some review.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1330777/california-says-oil-companies-can-keep-dumping-wastewater-during-state-review","authors":["239"],"categories":["science_35","science_38","science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_568","science_686","science_490","science_952","science_2581"],"featImg":"science_1330779","label":"science"},"science_470114":{"type":"posts","id":"science_470114","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"470114","score":null,"sort":[1452706700000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"farms-using-oilfield-wastewater-under-review-for-food-safety","title":"Farms Using Oilfield Wastewater Under Review for Food Safety","publishDate":1452706700,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Farms Using Oilfield Wastewater Under Review for Food Safety | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>More farmers in drought-stricken California are using oilfield wastewater to irrigate, and a new panel on Tuesday began taking one of the state’s deepest looks yet at the safety of using the chemical-laced water on food crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fourth year of California’s drought, at least five oilfields in the state are now passing along their leftover production fluid to water districts for irrigation, for recharging underground water supplies, and other uses, experts said. (KQED’s Lauren Sommer first \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/04/07/california-farmers-look-to-oil-industry-for-water/\">reported on this\u003c/a> in 2014.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”s9BVDifKBUl02FTobQG0T3YdBTZW91cz”]Chevron and the California offshoot of Occidental Petroleum are among the oil companies supplying oilfield wastewater for irrigating tens of thousands of acres in California. Almond, pistachio and citrus growers are the main farmers already using such water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s aging oilfields require intensive drilling methods and generate lots of wastewater. In Central California’s San Joaquin Valley, a center of the state’s agriculture and oil businesses, oil companies in 2013 produced 150 million barrels of oil — and nearly 2 billion barrels of wastewater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Central California leads the country in food production. It’s also the main oil-producing base in California, the country’s No. 3 oil-and-gas producing state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For farmers in California’s drought, the question is “where’s the water going to come from if you want to maintain agriculture,” said Gabriele Ludwig, a representative of Almond Board of California and one of the members of the new panel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state officials, academic experts and industry representatives on the panel are charged with studying the safety of irrigating food crops with oilfield wastewater that may contain chemicals and other material from hydraulic fracturing, other intensive drilling methods and oilfield maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effect of oilfield chemicals on food is “largely unstudied and unknown,” says the nonprofit Pacific Institute, which studies water issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers, for example, don’t know the long-term toxicity of up to 80 percent of the hundreds of materials used in oilfield production, Pacific Institute researcher Matthew Heberger told panel members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing so far has found only negligible amounts of chemicals in the recycled oilfield water, said Clay Rodgers, a manager at the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board, which assembled the panel. At least one local water district also has begun growing test crops with the oilfield water to study how much of the chemicals wind up in the produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of now, with so many unknowns about the hundreds of chemicals involved and their possible impact on crops, “We’re not able to answer the public definitely and say there’s no problem,” said William Stringfellow, a panel member and environmental engineer at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regional water board will use the panel’s findings to guide its oversight of the recycling of oilfield wastewater, Rodgers said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Farmers affected by the drought are turning to fracking wastewater and a panel of experts will review the water's health implications.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704930792,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":499},"headData":{"title":"Farms Using Oilfield Wastewater Under Review for Food Safety | KQED","description":"Farmers affected by the drought are turning to fracking wastewater and a panel of experts will review the water's health implications.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Farms Using Oilfield Wastewater Under Review for Food Safety","datePublished":"2016-01-13T17:38:20.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:53:12.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\" http://bigstory.ap.org/journalist/ellen-knickmeyer\">Ellen Knickmeyer\u003c/a>\u003cbr>Associated Press\u003c/strong>","path":"/science/470114/farms-using-oilfield-wastewater-under-review-for-food-safety","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>More farmers in drought-stricken California are using oilfield wastewater to irrigate, and a new panel on Tuesday began taking one of the state’s deepest looks yet at the safety of using the chemical-laced water on food crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fourth year of California’s drought, at least five oilfields in the state are now passing along their leftover production fluid to water districts for irrigation, for recharging underground water supplies, and other uses, experts said. (KQED’s Lauren Sommer first \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/04/07/california-farmers-look-to-oil-industry-for-water/\">reported on this\u003c/a> in 2014.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Chevron and the California offshoot of Occidental Petroleum are among the oil companies supplying oilfield wastewater for irrigating tens of thousands of acres in California. Almond, pistachio and citrus growers are the main farmers already using such water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s aging oilfields require intensive drilling methods and generate lots of wastewater. In Central California’s San Joaquin Valley, a center of the state’s agriculture and oil businesses, oil companies in 2013 produced 150 million barrels of oil — and nearly 2 billion barrels of wastewater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Central California leads the country in food production. It’s also the main oil-producing base in California, the country’s No. 3 oil-and-gas producing state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For farmers in California’s drought, the question is “where’s the water going to come from if you want to maintain agriculture,” said Gabriele Ludwig, a representative of Almond Board of California and one of the members of the new panel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state officials, academic experts and industry representatives on the panel are charged with studying the safety of irrigating food crops with oilfield wastewater that may contain chemicals and other material from hydraulic fracturing, other intensive drilling methods and oilfield maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effect of oilfield chemicals on food is “largely unstudied and unknown,” says the nonprofit Pacific Institute, which studies water issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers, for example, don’t know the long-term toxicity of up to 80 percent of the hundreds of materials used in oilfield production, Pacific Institute researcher Matthew Heberger told panel members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing so far has found only negligible amounts of chemicals in the recycled oilfield water, said Clay Rodgers, a manager at the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board, which assembled the panel. At least one local water district also has begun growing test crops with the oilfield water to study how much of the chemicals wind up in the produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of now, with so many unknowns about the hundreds of chemicals involved and their possible impact on crops, “We’re not able to answer the public definitely and say there’s no problem,” said William Stringfellow, a panel member and environmental engineer at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regional water board will use the panel’s findings to guide its oversight of the recycling of oilfield wastewater, Rodgers said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/470114/farms-using-oilfield-wastewater-under-review-for-food-safety","authors":["byline_science_470114"],"categories":["science_35","science_36","science_40"],"tags":["science_686","science_2833","science_429"],"featImg":"science_470117","label":"science"},"science_361460":{"type":"posts","id":"science_361460","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"361460","score":null,"sort":[1447687226000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"tornado-strikes-central-california-town-damages-homes","title":"Twister Sweeps Through Town Near Modesto; Homes, Church Damaged","publishDate":1447687226,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Twister Sweeps Through Town Near Modesto; Homes, Church Damaged | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http://www.modbee.com/news/article45037308.html/video-embed\" width=\"800\" height=\"475\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a native Midwesterner, it’s sort of second nature to scoff when I hear about \u003ca href=\"http://thevane.gawker.com/maps-tornadoes-in-california-arent-as-rare-as-you-migh-1670728375\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a California tornado\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back on the prairies and Plains, a tornado is an awesome and often deadly spectacle, capable of erasing entire neighborhoods in a matter of seconds. If you live there long enough, you’ll have a direct encounter with one, and it’s an experience you won’t forget. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California? Well, you hear about anemic little funnel clouds that make it to the ground sometimes. Instead of havoc, they wreak annoyance — blowing shingles off roofs, knocking over a few trees, maybe blowing down a fence of two. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You Californians and your “tornadoes” — what a joke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But maybe I’ll amend my opinion a little after seeing video of the little twister that swept through Denair, southeast of Modesto in Stanislaus County. The scene is only 7 seconds long, but it depicts a little bit of hell breaking loose — lots of debris in the air and someone frantically entreating their dad to close the front door. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how \u003ca href=\"http://www.modbee.com/news/article45011394.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Modesto Bee describe\u003c/a>s some of what happened:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“What I thought was a bunch of birds was a bunch of debris” being carried by the funnel cloud, said Sabina Woodard, who lives with her husband at the east end of Zeering and saw the dark mass heading their way. “It looked like a remake of that Alfred Hitchcock movie ‘The Birds.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the tornado struck, “my husband and I thought we were going, that this was the end of the world for us,” Woodard said. Zane Woodard has Parkinson’s disease, so the couple took refuge under the hospital bed in their home, which was heavy enough to prove stable as furnishings including their television set flew about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple have lived in the home 31 years, and the house itself was built in the 1930s. The Woodards didn’t know where they’d be staying Sunday night, as their home was without electricity, water or gas. Zane Woodard said they were just happy to be alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And looking down at her Scottish terrier, a Toto-ish little guy named Caden Mackenna, Sabina Woodard made reference to another classic movie. “I guess I’ll have to get some ruby red slippers.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Several other homes and a nearby church were also damaged in the whirlwind. Meteorologists planned to survey the damage and rate the strength of the twister on Monday. Two out of three California tornadoes are rated F0, the lowest ranking on \u003ca href=\"http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/f-scale.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Fujita scale\u003c/a> used in assessing a twister’s strength.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.modbee.com/news/article45011394.html\">The Modesto Bee\u003c/a> said the twister swept along nearly a mile of Zeering Road, toppling trees and fences, breaking windows and ripping off part of a church roof.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no reports of injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/vjL72bApNbQ\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tornado was spawned by a storm system that raced through Northern and Central California on Sunday — moistening the San Francisco Bay region with rainfall amounts ranging from one-third to half an inch at most locations up to nearly an inch in the Sonoma County mountains. The storm also unleashed thunderstorms and hail in some locations and brought up to a foot of snow to the highest peaks in the Sierra Nevada. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/StanSheriff/status/666023037574123520\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Lindsey Hoshaw of KQED Science contributed to this post, which also includes reporting from The Associated Press. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Whirlwind, captured on video, was part of storm system that moved through Northern and Central California on Sunday. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704931048,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":589},"headData":{"title":"Twister Sweeps Through Town Near Modesto; Homes, Church Damaged | KQED","description":"Whirlwind, captured on video, was part of storm system that moved through Northern and Central California on Sunday. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Twister Sweeps Through Town Near Modesto; Homes, Church Damaged","datePublished":"2015-11-16T15:20:26.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:57:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/361460/tornado-strikes-central-california-town-damages-homes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http://www.modbee.com/news/article45037308.html/video-embed\" width=\"800\" height=\"475\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a native Midwesterner, it’s sort of second nature to scoff when I hear about \u003ca href=\"http://thevane.gawker.com/maps-tornadoes-in-california-arent-as-rare-as-you-migh-1670728375\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a California tornado\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back on the prairies and Plains, a tornado is an awesome and often deadly spectacle, capable of erasing entire neighborhoods in a matter of seconds. If you live there long enough, you’ll have a direct encounter with one, and it’s an experience you won’t forget. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California? Well, you hear about anemic little funnel clouds that make it to the ground sometimes. Instead of havoc, they wreak annoyance — blowing shingles off roofs, knocking over a few trees, maybe blowing down a fence of two. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You Californians and your “tornadoes” — what a joke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But maybe I’ll amend my opinion a little after seeing video of the little twister that swept through Denair, southeast of Modesto in Stanislaus County. The scene is only 7 seconds long, but it depicts a little bit of hell breaking loose — lots of debris in the air and someone frantically entreating their dad to close the front door. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how \u003ca href=\"http://www.modbee.com/news/article45011394.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Modesto Bee describe\u003c/a>s some of what happened:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“What I thought was a bunch of birds was a bunch of debris” being carried by the funnel cloud, said Sabina Woodard, who lives with her husband at the east end of Zeering and saw the dark mass heading their way. “It looked like a remake of that Alfred Hitchcock movie ‘The Birds.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the tornado struck, “my husband and I thought we were going, that this was the end of the world for us,” Woodard said. Zane Woodard has Parkinson’s disease, so the couple took refuge under the hospital bed in their home, which was heavy enough to prove stable as furnishings including their television set flew about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple have lived in the home 31 years, and the house itself was built in the 1930s. The Woodards didn’t know where they’d be staying Sunday night, as their home was without electricity, water or gas. Zane Woodard said they were just happy to be alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And looking down at her Scottish terrier, a Toto-ish little guy named Caden Mackenna, Sabina Woodard made reference to another classic movie. “I guess I’ll have to get some ruby red slippers.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Several other homes and a nearby church were also damaged in the whirlwind. Meteorologists planned to survey the damage and rate the strength of the twister on Monday. Two out of three California tornadoes are rated F0, the lowest ranking on \u003ca href=\"http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/f-scale.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Fujita scale\u003c/a> used in assessing a twister’s strength.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.modbee.com/news/article45011394.html\">The Modesto Bee\u003c/a> said the twister swept along nearly a mile of Zeering Road, toppling trees and fences, breaking windows and ripping off part of a church roof.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no reports of injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/vjL72bApNbQ\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tornado was spawned by a storm system that raced through Northern and Central California on Sunday — moistening the San Francisco Bay region with rainfall amounts ranging from one-third to half an inch at most locations up to nearly an inch in the Sonoma County mountains. The storm also unleashed thunderstorms and hail in some locations and brought up to a foot of snow to the highest peaks in the Sierra Nevada. \u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"666023037574123520"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Lindsey Hoshaw of KQED Science contributed to this post, which also includes reporting from The Associated Press. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/361460/tornado-strikes-central-california-town-damages-homes","authors":["222"],"categories":["science_35","science_40"],"tags":["science_686","science_365"],"featImg":"science_361465","label":"science"},"science_202449":{"type":"posts","id":"science_202449","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"202449","score":null,"sort":[1440035423000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"central-valley-is-sinking-faster-than-we-thought-in-current-drought","title":"In Current Drought, Central Valley Is Sinking Faster Than We Thought","publishDate":1440035423,"format":"standard","headTitle":"In Current Drought, Central Valley Is Sinking Faster Than We Thought | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1151,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>A new report reveals that California’s increased reliance on groundwater pumping is causing Central California to sink much faster than officials estimated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, released today, shows that in just eight months last year, the Kings County town of Corcoran sank nearly 13 inches, while in Merced County, the unincorporated community of El Nido sank roughly ten inches. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If our current drought continues or drought returns in the near future,” says Mark Cowin, director of the state Department of Water Resources, “we don’t believe we can sustain this kind of pumping and the effects that are occurring.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/220129717″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“Clearly, agricultural pumping is part of the issue we have to deal with here.”\u003ccite>Mark Cowin,\u003cbr>Director, Department of Water Resources\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The report from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab used satellite imaging to capture elevation data, and was commissioned by the Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This sinking of land, known as subsidence, is a known consequence of groundwater pumping and a problem that California’s been dealing with for decades. But it’s gotten worse as the state’s become drier. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the entire three years of drought that ended in 2009, Corcoran sank three feet, El Nido close to two feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing that particularly stands out for us was the increasing rates of subsidence that we saw in the most recent time period,” says the department’s Deputy Drought Manager, Jeanine Jones. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Subsidence occurs when water is drawn out of underground aquifers. Within an aquifer, water is held in permeable sediments, and when it’s pumped out, the grains in the sediments compact. Without recharge from rain and snowmelt, Central Valley aquifers are slumping, as Californians rely more and more heavily on groundwater for drinking and irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_202544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-800x766.png\" alt=\"In the San Joaquin Valley, from May-December 2014. land near the communities of Corcoran and El Nido subsided the most.\" width=\"800\" height=\"766\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-202544\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-800x766.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-400x383.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-1180x1130.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-960x919.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA.png 1202w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the San Joaquin Valley, from May-December 2014. land near the communities of Corcoran and El Nido subsided the most. \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Agricultural pumping makes up the great majority of the total amount of pumping that occurs in the Central Valley,” says Cowin. “Clearly, agricultural pumping is part of the issue we have to deal with here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subsidence poses a problem for the state’s infrastructure. Roads can buckle, building foundations can crack, and officials worry about the California Aqueduct, a long canal that snakes through the valley to deliver water to Southern California. The report found that a stretch of the aqueduct has already subsided between eight and 13 inches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones says the state is beginning to talk with county governments about what they can do to reduce groundwater pumping and slow further subsidence. Glenn County, for example, recently put a 6-month moratorium on new well permits. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water Resources department director Mark Cowin acknowledges that finding solutions will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not ready to take a draconian approach to correcting this issue,” Cowin says. “We’re at the stage where we want to work with local governments, in particular counties, to come up with the right near-term approaches.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department will also be making $10 million available to counties with stressed groundwater basins, to beef up water conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Kerry Klein comes to The California Report by way of the Science Communication graduate program at U.C. Santa Cruz. A geologist by training, Klein previously worked in the mining and geothermal energy industries. After transitioning to journalism, she worked for the Science Podcast, Valley Public Radio, the San Jose Mercury News and the Salinas Californian, reporting on drought, agriculture, space and roadkill.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Satellite imaging data found a portion of the California Aqueduct, which carries drinking water to Los Angeles, sank 8 inches in less than a year.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704931422,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":645},"headData":{"title":"In Current Drought, Central Valley Is Sinking Faster Than We Thought | KQED","description":"Satellite imaging data found a portion of the California Aqueduct, which carries drinking water to Los Angeles, sank 8 inches in less than a year.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"In Current Drought, Central Valley Is Sinking Faster Than We Thought","datePublished":"2015-08-20T01:50:23.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T00:03:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Kerry Klein","path":"/science/202449/central-valley-is-sinking-faster-than-we-thought-in-current-drought","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A new report reveals that California’s increased reliance on groundwater pumping is causing Central California to sink much faster than officials estimated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, released today, shows that in just eight months last year, the Kings County town of Corcoran sank nearly 13 inches, while in Merced County, the unincorporated community of El Nido sank roughly ten inches. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If our current drought continues or drought returns in the near future,” says Mark Cowin, director of the state Department of Water Resources, “we don’t believe we can sustain this kind of pumping and the effects that are occurring.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/220129717″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/220129717″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“Clearly, agricultural pumping is part of the issue we have to deal with here.”\u003ccite>Mark Cowin,\u003cbr>Director, Department of Water Resources\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The report from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab used satellite imaging to capture elevation data, and was commissioned by the Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This sinking of land, known as subsidence, is a known consequence of groundwater pumping and a problem that California’s been dealing with for decades. But it’s gotten worse as the state’s become drier. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the entire three years of drought that ended in 2009, Corcoran sank three feet, El Nido close to two feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing that particularly stands out for us was the increasing rates of subsidence that we saw in the most recent time period,” says the department’s Deputy Drought Manager, Jeanine Jones. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Subsidence occurs when water is drawn out of underground aquifers. Within an aquifer, water is held in permeable sediments, and when it’s pumped out, the grains in the sediments compact. Without recharge from rain and snowmelt, Central Valley aquifers are slumping, as Californians rely more and more heavily on groundwater for drinking and irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_202544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-800x766.png\" alt=\"In the San Joaquin Valley, from May-December 2014. land near the communities of Corcoran and El Nido subsided the most.\" width=\"800\" height=\"766\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-202544\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-800x766.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-400x383.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-1180x1130.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-960x919.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/08/Fig_NASA.png 1202w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the San Joaquin Valley, from May-December 2014. land near the communities of Corcoran and El Nido subsided the most. \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Agricultural pumping makes up the great majority of the total amount of pumping that occurs in the Central Valley,” says Cowin. “Clearly, agricultural pumping is part of the issue we have to deal with here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subsidence poses a problem for the state’s infrastructure. Roads can buckle, building foundations can crack, and officials worry about the California Aqueduct, a long canal that snakes through the valley to deliver water to Southern California. The report found that a stretch of the aqueduct has already subsided between eight and 13 inches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones says the state is beginning to talk with county governments about what they can do to reduce groundwater pumping and slow further subsidence. Glenn County, for example, recently put a 6-month moratorium on new well permits. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water Resources department director Mark Cowin acknowledges that finding solutions will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not ready to take a draconian approach to correcting this issue,” Cowin says. “We’re at the stage where we want to work with local governments, in particular counties, to come up with the right near-term approaches.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department will also be making $10 million available to counties with stressed groundwater basins, to beef up water conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Kerry Klein comes to The California Report by way of the Science Communication graduate program at U.C. Santa Cruz. A geologist by training, Klein previously worked in the mining and geothermal energy industries. After transitioning to journalism, she worked for the Science Podcast, Valley Public Radio, the San Jose Mercury News and the Salinas Californian, reporting on drought, agriculture, space and roadkill.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/202449/central-valley-is-sinking-faster-than-we-thought-in-current-drought","authors":["byline_science_202449"],"series":["science_1151"],"categories":["science_38","science_40","science_98"],"tags":["science_686","science_572"],"featImg":"science_202541","label":"science_1151"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. 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