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She is a 2013 graduate of Brooklyn Law School and is currently researching war on terror prosecutions for an upcoming book.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"amelscript","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Amel Ahmed | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/aahmed"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"science_1946959":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1946959","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1946959","score":null,"sort":[1567515713000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"study-hormone-therapy-during-menopause-raises-risk-of-breast-cancer","title":"Study: Hormone Therapy During Menopause Raises Risk of Breast Cancer","publishDate":1567515713,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Study: Hormone Therapy During Menopause Raises Risk of Breast Cancer | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>A sweeping new analysis adds to the evidence that many women who take hormone therapy during menopause are more likely to develop breast cancer — and may remain at higher risk of cancer for more than a decade after they stop taking the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published Thursday in \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)31709-X/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Lancet\u003c/a>, looked at data from dozens of studies, including long-term data on more than 100,000 women who developed breast cancer after menopause. Half of those women had used what’s known as menopausal hormone therapy, or MHT. The longer women took the medicine, the more likely they were to develop breast cancer. Experts say the findings could shape how women and their health care providers decide how to manage symptoms of menopause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a consensus of many researchers and many studies all around the world. These are important new results,” said said Valerie Beral, a cancer epidemiologist at the University of Oxford and one of the lead authors of the new study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women have long been prescribed synthetic versions to replace the hormones that decline during menopause. The medications — usually delivered in a pill, but sometimes in a patch, gel, or injection — provide women either estrogen or a combination of estrogen and progesterone. For many women, they help to tamp down symptoms of menopause, including osteoporosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, research has suggested a potential link between MHT and an increased risk of breast cancer. In 2002 and 2004, the Women’s Health Initiative released reports that showed women who used combination MHT were more likely to develop breast cancer. MHT use fell after the reports received widespread coverage. That was followed by a decline in breast cancer rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there wasn’t much information on whether that risk persisted, or how it differed based on the type of MHT a woman took. So an international group of researchers pulled together data from dozens of studies — published and unpublished — to examine the issue more closely. They took a woman’s age at first use of MHT, how long she used the medication, and the time elapsed since she last used it into account. The mean age of women starting menopause was 50, which was also the mean age at which women started using MHT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers found that compared with women who never used MHT, women who did had a significantly higher risk of developing invasive breast cancer. They estimated that 6.3% of women who never used MHT developed breast cancer, compared to 8.3% of women who used the combination drug continually for five years. That’s roughly one extra cancer diagnosis for every 50 users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The longer women used MHT, the greater their risk of breast cancer. Women who were no longer using MHT had a lower relative risk than women who were currently using it — but they remained at an elevated risk for more than a decade after they stopped taking the drug. The level of risk was dependent on how long a woman took MHT. The study also found that women who took the combination drug were more likely to develop cancer than women who took the estrogen-only drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The findings are significant,” said Joanne Kotsopoulos, a breast cancer researcher at Women’s College Research Institute in Toronto. “The longer you use it, the higher the risk,” added Kotsopoulos, who wasn’t involved in the research but wrote a commentary on the study, also published in the Lancet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new analysis doesn’t show that MHT directly causes breast cancer. But researchers suspect the association has to do with the hormonal changes of menopause. The level of hormones produced by the ovaries dramatically drops during menopause. Going into menopause early is thought to lower the risk of breast cancer. But using MHT might keep women in something like a pre-menopausal state, keeping them from getting the protective benefits of menopause on cancer risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Estrogens stimulate activity in the breast and increase the risk of breast cancer. [MHT] is just putting that stimulus, which had gone after menopause, back,” said Beral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caveat: The findings, broadly speaking, apply to women of average weight in developed countries. The researchers found that MHT didn’t have a significant adverse effect on women who were obese, though obesity is also a risk factor for breast cancer after menopause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, experts say patients and providers should carefully consider when the potential benefit of using MHT outweighs the risks. Alternatives to MHT — like taking vitamin D and calcium supplements or keeping rooms cooler — should be a part of that conversation, experts said. It’s also critical for doctors to check in with women on MHT about whether the medication is actually easing their symptoms — and if it isn’t, clinicians should consider taking them off the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a balance. Every woman is different,” said Kotsopoulos. “But the risk is high for breast cancer, so they need to take a very serious approach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2019/08/29/hormone-therapy-breast-cancer-risk/\">story\u003c/a> was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/\">STAT\u003c/a>, an online publication of Boston Globe Media that covers health, medicine, and scientific discovery.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A sweeping new study found that many women who take hormone therapy during menopause are more likely to develop breast cancer. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848355,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":886},"headData":{"title":"Study: Hormone Therapy During Menopause Raises Risk of Breast Cancer | KQED","description":"A sweeping new study found that many women who take hormone therapy during menopause are more likely to develop breast cancer. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Study: Hormone Therapy During Menopause Raises Risk of Breast Cancer","datePublished":"2019-09-03T13:01:53.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:59:15.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Medical Science","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Megan Thielking \u003cbr/>STAT News \u003cbr>","path":"/science/1946959/study-hormone-therapy-during-menopause-raises-risk-of-breast-cancer","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A sweeping new analysis adds to the evidence that many women who take hormone therapy during menopause are more likely to develop breast cancer — and may remain at higher risk of cancer for more than a decade after they stop taking the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published Thursday in \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)31709-X/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Lancet\u003c/a>, looked at data from dozens of studies, including long-term data on more than 100,000 women who developed breast cancer after menopause. Half of those women had used what’s known as menopausal hormone therapy, or MHT. The longer women took the medicine, the more likely they were to develop breast cancer. Experts say the findings could shape how women and their health care providers decide how to manage symptoms of menopause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a consensus of many researchers and many studies all around the world. These are important new results,” said said Valerie Beral, a cancer epidemiologist at the University of Oxford and one of the lead authors of the new study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women have long been prescribed synthetic versions to replace the hormones that decline during menopause. The medications — usually delivered in a pill, but sometimes in a patch, gel, or injection — provide women either estrogen or a combination of estrogen and progesterone. For many women, they help to tamp down symptoms of menopause, including osteoporosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, research has suggested a potential link between MHT and an increased risk of breast cancer. In 2002 and 2004, the Women’s Health Initiative released reports that showed women who used combination MHT were more likely to develop breast cancer. MHT use fell after the reports received widespread coverage. That was followed by a decline in breast cancer rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there wasn’t much information on whether that risk persisted, or how it differed based on the type of MHT a woman took. So an international group of researchers pulled together data from dozens of studies — published and unpublished — to examine the issue more closely. They took a woman’s age at first use of MHT, how long she used the medication, and the time elapsed since she last used it into account. The mean age of women starting menopause was 50, which was also the mean age at which women started using MHT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers found that compared with women who never used MHT, women who did had a significantly higher risk of developing invasive breast cancer. They estimated that 6.3% of women who never used MHT developed breast cancer, compared to 8.3% of women who used the combination drug continually for five years. That’s roughly one extra cancer diagnosis for every 50 users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The longer women used MHT, the greater their risk of breast cancer. Women who were no longer using MHT had a lower relative risk than women who were currently using it — but they remained at an elevated risk for more than a decade after they stopped taking the drug. The level of risk was dependent on how long a woman took MHT. The study also found that women who took the combination drug were more likely to develop cancer than women who took the estrogen-only drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The findings are significant,” said Joanne Kotsopoulos, a breast cancer researcher at Women’s College Research Institute in Toronto. “The longer you use it, the higher the risk,” added Kotsopoulos, who wasn’t involved in the research but wrote a commentary on the study, also published in the Lancet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new analysis doesn’t show that MHT directly causes breast cancer. But researchers suspect the association has to do with the hormonal changes of menopause. The level of hormones produced by the ovaries dramatically drops during menopause. Going into menopause early is thought to lower the risk of breast cancer. But using MHT might keep women in something like a pre-menopausal state, keeping them from getting the protective benefits of menopause on cancer risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Estrogens stimulate activity in the breast and increase the risk of breast cancer. [MHT] is just putting that stimulus, which had gone after menopause, back,” said Beral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caveat: The findings, broadly speaking, apply to women of average weight in developed countries. The researchers found that MHT didn’t have a significant adverse effect on women who were obese, though obesity is also a risk factor for breast cancer after menopause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, experts say patients and providers should carefully consider when the potential benefit of using MHT outweighs the risks. Alternatives to MHT — like taking vitamin D and calcium supplements or keeping rooms cooler — should be a part of that conversation, experts said. It’s also critical for doctors to check in with women on MHT about whether the medication is actually easing their symptoms — and if it isn’t, clinicians should consider taking them off the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a balance. Every woman is different,” said Kotsopoulos. “But the risk is high for breast cancer, so they need to take a very serious approach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2019/08/29/hormone-therapy-breast-cancer-risk/\">story\u003c/a> was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/\">STAT\u003c/a>, an online publication of Boston Globe Media that covers health, medicine, and scientific discovery.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1946959/study-hormone-therapy-during-menopause-raises-risk-of-breast-cancer","authors":["byline_science_1946959"],"categories":["science_39","science_3890","science_40"],"tags":["science_374","science_3838","science_4154","science_3543","science_3977"],"featImg":"science_1946961","label":"source_science_1946959"},"science_1936600":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1936600","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1936600","score":null,"sort":[1547154182000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"cancer-death-rate-in-the-u-s-has-been-falling-for-last-25-years","title":"Cancer Death Rate in the U.S. Has Been Falling for Last 25 Years","publishDate":1547154182,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Cancer Death Rate in the U.S. Has Been Falling for Last 25 Years | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>NEW YORK (AP) — The U.S. cancer death rate has hit a milestone: It’s been falling for at least 25 years, according to a new report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lower smoking rates are translating into fewer deaths. Advances in early detection and treatment also are having a positive impact, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not all good news. Obesity-related cancer deaths are rising, and prostate cancer deaths are no longer dropping, said Rebecca Siegel, lead author of the American Cancer Society report published Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cancer also remains the nation’s No. 2 killer. The society predicts there will be more than 1.7 million new cancer cases, and more than 600,000 cancer deaths, in the U.S. this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a breakdown of the report:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Decline\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s been a lot of bad news recently regarding U.S. death rates. In 2017, increases were seen in fatalities from seven of the 10 leading causes of death, according to recently released government data. But cancer has been something of a bright spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nation’s cancer death rate was increasing until the early 1990s. It has been dropping since, falling 27 percent between 1991 and 2016, the Cancer Society reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lung cancer is the main reason. Among cancers, it has long killed the most people, especially men. But the lung cancer death rate dropped by nearly 50 percent among men since 1991. It was a delayed effect from a decline in smoking that began in the 1960s, Siegel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Prostate Cancer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The report has some mixed news about prostate cancer, the second leading cause of cancer death in men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prostate cancer death rate fell by half over two decades, but experts have been wondering whether the trend changed after a 2011 decision by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force to stop recommending routine testing of men using the PSA blood test. That decision was prompted by concerns the test was leading to over-diagnosis and over-treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prostate cancer death rate flattened from 2013 to 2016. So while the PSA testing may have surfaced cases that didn’t actually need treatment, it may also have prevented some cancer deaths, the report suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Obesity\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Of the most common types of cancer in the U.S., all the ones with increasing death rates are linked to obesity, including cancers of the pancreas and uterus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another is liver cancer. Liver cancer deaths have been increasing since the 1970s, and initially most of the increase was tied to hepatitis C infections spread among people who abuse drugs. But now obesity accounts for a third of liver cancer deaths, and is more of a factor than hepatitis, Siegel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nation’s growing obesity epidemic was first identified as a problem in the 1990s. It can take decades to see how a risk factor influences cancer rates, “so we may just be seeing the tip of the iceberg in terms of the effect of the obesity epidemic on cancer,” Siegel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Disparity\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s been a decline in the historic racial gap in cancer death rates, but an economic gap is growing — especially when it comes to deaths that could be prevented by early screening and treatment, better eating and less smoking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1970s, colon cancer death rates in the poorest counties were 20 percent lower than those in affluent counties; now they’re 30 percent higher. Cervical cancer deaths are twice as high for women in poor counties now, compared with women in affluent counties. And lung and liver cancer death rates are 40 percent higher for men in poor counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Darrell Gray, deputy director of Ohio State University’s Center for Cancer Health Equity, called the findings “important but not surprising.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve known for some time that race is a surrogate” for other factors, like poverty and difficulty getting to — or paying for — doctor’s appointments, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press Health & Science Department receives \u003ca href=\"https://www.ap.org/press-releases/2018/ap-hhmi-expand-collaboration-to-bolster-health-science-coverage\">support\u003c/a> from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/b5589e095abb4a0e9022bcffe9ed38b3\">Associated Press\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The country's cancer death rate has hit a milestone: It's been falling for at least 25 years, according to a new report from the American Cancer Society. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927210,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":710},"headData":{"title":"Cancer Death Rate in the U.S. Has Been Falling for Last 25 Years | KQED","description":"The country's cancer death rate has hit a milestone: It's been falling for at least 25 years, according to a new report from the American Cancer Society. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Cancer Death Rate in the U.S. Has Been Falling for Last 25 Years","datePublished":"2019-01-10T21:03:02.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T22:53:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Health","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Mike Stobbe\u003c/br>Associated Press","path":"/science/1936600/cancer-death-rate-in-the-u-s-has-been-falling-for-last-25-years","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>NEW YORK (AP) — The U.S. cancer death rate has hit a milestone: It’s been falling for at least 25 years, according to a new report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lower smoking rates are translating into fewer deaths. Advances in early detection and treatment also are having a positive impact, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not all good news. Obesity-related cancer deaths are rising, and prostate cancer deaths are no longer dropping, said Rebecca Siegel, lead author of the American Cancer Society report published Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cancer also remains the nation’s No. 2 killer. The society predicts there will be more than 1.7 million new cancer cases, and more than 600,000 cancer deaths, in the U.S. this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a breakdown of the report:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Decline\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s been a lot of bad news recently regarding U.S. death rates. In 2017, increases were seen in fatalities from seven of the 10 leading causes of death, according to recently released government data. But cancer has been something of a bright spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nation’s cancer death rate was increasing until the early 1990s. It has been dropping since, falling 27 percent between 1991 and 2016, the Cancer Society reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lung cancer is the main reason. Among cancers, it has long killed the most people, especially men. But the lung cancer death rate dropped by nearly 50 percent among men since 1991. It was a delayed effect from a decline in smoking that began in the 1960s, Siegel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Prostate Cancer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The report has some mixed news about prostate cancer, the second leading cause of cancer death in men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prostate cancer death rate fell by half over two decades, but experts have been wondering whether the trend changed after a 2011 decision by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force to stop recommending routine testing of men using the PSA blood test. That decision was prompted by concerns the test was leading to over-diagnosis and over-treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prostate cancer death rate flattened from 2013 to 2016. So while the PSA testing may have surfaced cases that didn’t actually need treatment, it may also have prevented some cancer deaths, the report suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Obesity\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Of the most common types of cancer in the U.S., all the ones with increasing death rates are linked to obesity, including cancers of the pancreas and uterus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another is liver cancer. Liver cancer deaths have been increasing since the 1970s, and initially most of the increase was tied to hepatitis C infections spread among people who abuse drugs. But now obesity accounts for a third of liver cancer deaths, and is more of a factor than hepatitis, Siegel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nation’s growing obesity epidemic was first identified as a problem in the 1990s. It can take decades to see how a risk factor influences cancer rates, “so we may just be seeing the tip of the iceberg in terms of the effect of the obesity epidemic on cancer,” Siegel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Disparity\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s been a decline in the historic racial gap in cancer death rates, but an economic gap is growing — especially when it comes to deaths that could be prevented by early screening and treatment, better eating and less smoking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1970s, colon cancer death rates in the poorest counties were 20 percent lower than those in affluent counties; now they’re 30 percent higher. Cervical cancer deaths are twice as high for women in poor counties now, compared with women in affluent counties. And lung and liver cancer death rates are 40 percent higher for men in poor counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Darrell Gray, deputy director of Ohio State University’s Center for Cancer Health Equity, called the findings “important but not surprising.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve known for some time that race is a surrogate” for other factors, like poverty and difficulty getting to — or paying for — doctor’s appointments, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press Health & Science Department receives \u003ca href=\"https://www.ap.org/press-releases/2018/ap-hhmi-expand-collaboration-to-bolster-health-science-coverage\">support\u003c/a> from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/b5589e095abb4a0e9022bcffe9ed38b3\">Associated Press\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1936600/cancer-death-rate-in-the-u-s-has-been-falling-for-last-25-years","authors":["byline_science_1936600"],"categories":["science_30","science_39","science_16","science_40"],"tags":["science_374","science_3370","science_5181","science_3838"],"featImg":"science_1936625","label":"source_science_1936600"},"science_1932885":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1932885","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1932885","score":null,"sort":[1539706574000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"jurors-to-san-francisco-judge-dont-throw-out-our-monsanto-verdict","title":"Jurors To San Francisco Judge: Don’t Throw Out Our Monsanto Verdict","publishDate":1539706574,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Jurors To San Francisco Judge: Don’t Throw Out Our Monsanto Verdict | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Jurors who found that agribusiness giant Monsanto’s Roundup weed killer contributed to a school groundskeeper’s cancer are urging a San Francisco judge not to throw out the bulk of their $289 million award in his favor, a newspaper reported Monday.[contextly_sidebar id=”EKosTPJ32MCtohsYwZ7BRPRkfvGZJpxC”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juror Gary Kitahata told Judge Suzanne Bolanos in a letter that the jury was convinced by the evidence, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Monsanto-case-Jurors-urge-judge-not-to-overturn-13309317.php?src=hp_totn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I urge you to respect and honor our verdict and the six weeks of our lives that we dedicated to this trial,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juror Robert Howard wrote to the judge that the jury had paid “studious attention” to the evidence and any decision to overturn its verdict would shake his confidence in the judicial system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bolanos said last week she is inclined to throw out $250 million in punitive damages in favor of DeWayne Johnson. She is also considering dramatically reducing the remaining award. Her final decision is due by Oct. 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto, which was acquired by Bayer AG in June, has asked the judge to override the jury’s decision and enter judgment in its favor or order a new trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bayer AG in a statement on Monday thanked the jury for its “important public service,” but said the “post-trial motions in the Johnson case raise issues of law that are properly addressed by Judge Bolanos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson sprayed Roundup and a similar product, Ranger Pro, at his job as a pest control manager at a San Francisco Bay Area school district, according to his attorneys. He was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 2014 at age 42.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His lawsuit is among hundreds alleging Roundup caused cancer, but it was the first one to go to trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many government regulators have rejected a link between glyphosate — the active ingredient in Roundup — and cancer. Monsanto has vehemently denied such a connection, saying hundreds of studies have established that glyphosate is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury in August determined that Monsanto should have provided a label warning of a potential health hazard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chicago.suntimes.com/news/dewayne-johnson-jury-289m-roundup-cancer-suit-court/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In a tentative order last week\u003c/a>, Bolanos said Johnson’s attorneys had failed to show Monsanto acted with “malice or oppression” — a prerequisite for punitive damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard told the Chronicle testimony at trial showed there were “serious questions” about the safety of Roundup when the company gave it to Johnson’s employer.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Jurors who found that agribusiness giant Monsanto's Roundup weed killer contributed to a school groundskeeper's cancer are urging a San Francisco judge not to throw out the bulk of their $289 million award.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927390,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":420},"headData":{"title":"Jurors To San Francisco Judge: Don’t Throw Out Our Monsanto Verdict | KQED","description":"Jurors who found that agribusiness giant Monsanto's Roundup weed killer contributed to a school groundskeeper's cancer are urging a San Francisco judge not to throw out the bulk of their $289 million award.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Jurors To San Francisco Judge: Don’t Throw Out Our Monsanto Verdict","datePublished":"2018-10-16T16:16:14.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T22:56:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Environment","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Seth Borenstein\u003cbr />The Associated Press","path":"/science/1932885/jurors-to-san-francisco-judge-dont-throw-out-our-monsanto-verdict","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Jurors who found that agribusiness giant Monsanto’s Roundup weed killer contributed to a school groundskeeper’s cancer are urging a San Francisco judge not to throw out the bulk of their $289 million award in his favor, a newspaper reported Monday.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juror Gary Kitahata told Judge Suzanne Bolanos in a letter that the jury was convinced by the evidence, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Monsanto-case-Jurors-urge-judge-not-to-overturn-13309317.php?src=hp_totn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I urge you to respect and honor our verdict and the six weeks of our lives that we dedicated to this trial,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juror Robert Howard wrote to the judge that the jury had paid “studious attention” to the evidence and any decision to overturn its verdict would shake his confidence in the judicial system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bolanos said last week she is inclined to throw out $250 million in punitive damages in favor of DeWayne Johnson. She is also considering dramatically reducing the remaining award. Her final decision is due by Oct. 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto, which was acquired by Bayer AG in June, has asked the judge to override the jury’s decision and enter judgment in its favor or order a new trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bayer AG in a statement on Monday thanked the jury for its “important public service,” but said the “post-trial motions in the Johnson case raise issues of law that are properly addressed by Judge Bolanos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson sprayed Roundup and a similar product, Ranger Pro, at his job as a pest control manager at a San Francisco Bay Area school district, according to his attorneys. He was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 2014 at age 42.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His lawsuit is among hundreds alleging Roundup caused cancer, but it was the first one to go to trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many government regulators have rejected a link between glyphosate — the active ingredient in Roundup — and cancer. Monsanto has vehemently denied such a connection, saying hundreds of studies have established that glyphosate is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury in August determined that Monsanto should have provided a label warning of a potential health hazard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chicago.suntimes.com/news/dewayne-johnson-jury-289m-roundup-cancer-suit-court/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In a tentative order last week\u003c/a>, Bolanos said Johnson’s attorneys had failed to show Monsanto acted with “malice or oppression” — a prerequisite for punitive damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard told the Chronicle testimony at trial showed there were “serious questions” about the safety of Roundup when the company gave it to Johnson’s employer.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1932885/jurors-to-san-francisco-judge-dont-throw-out-our-monsanto-verdict","authors":["byline_science_1932885"],"categories":["science_31","science_35","science_39"],"tags":["science_374","science_1191","science_192","science_5198"],"featImg":"science_1932888","label":"source_science_1932885"},"science_1932598":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1932598","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1932598","score":null,"sort":[1539185779000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"monsanto-to-challenge-jurys-289m-verdict-in-cancer-case","title":"Landmark Monsanto Cancer Ruling Remains in Limbo","publishDate":1539185779,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Landmark Monsanto Cancer Ruling Remains in Limbo | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>UPDATE: A judge is still deciding on whether to uphold a jury’s $289 million judgment against agribusiness giant Monsanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Superior Court Judge Suzanne Bolanos ended a two-hour hearing without making a formal ruling. Earlier in the day, she issued a tentative ruling saying she intended to toss out the jury’s $250 million punitive damage award and schedule a new trial on that issue. The judge also suggested she may reduce the rest of the award by $31 million if she upholds the jury’s decision that Monsanto’s weed-killer caused DeWayne Johnson’s cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge ordered lawyers to submit written legal arguments by Friday and will formally rule later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bolanos wrote plaintiff DeWayne Johnson, of Vallejo, failed to produce “clear and convincing evidence of malice or oppression” by Monsanto. She wrote that he did not provide any evidence that Monsanto employees believed that exposure to the product caused his lymphoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto had argued ahead of the hearing that Johnson failed to prove that Roundup or similar herbicides caused his lymphoma, and presented no evidence that Monsanto executives were malicious in marketing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators around the world have concluded on “multiple occasions” that the active ingredient in Roundup — glyphosate — is not a human carcinogen, the attorneys said in court documents. They called the jury verdict “extraordinary” and said it requires “exceptional scrutiny.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=”https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5000279-Johnson-vs-Monsanto-10-10-2018-Tentative-Ruling.html#document/p1”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s attorneys responded in court documents that the jury was well-educated and attentive. The evidence at trial was “more than sufficient to support an inference” that Johnson’s cancer was caused by his exposure to Monsanto’s herbicides, the attorneys said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mr. Johnson’s story is tragic and could have been prevented if Monsanto actually showed a modicum of care about human safety,” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s lawsuit is among hundreds alleging Roundup caused cancer, but it was the first one to go to trial. The jury in August determined that Roundup contributed to Johnson’s cancer, and Monsanto should have provided a label warning of a potential health hazard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]It awarded Johnson $39 million in compensatory damages and $250 million in punitive damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson sprayed Roundup and a similar product, Ranger Pro, at his job as a pest control manager at a San Francisco Bay Area school district, according to his attorneys. He was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 2014 at age 42.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many government regulators have rejected a link between glyphosate and cancer. Monsanto has vehemently denied such a connection, saying hundreds of studies have established that glyphosate is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The judge says plaintiff DeWayne Johnson failed to produce \"clear and convincing evidence of malice or oppression\" by Monsanto.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927409,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":458},"headData":{"title":"Landmark Monsanto Cancer Ruling Remains in Limbo | KQED","description":"The judge says plaintiff DeWayne Johnson failed to produce "clear and convincing evidence of malice or oppression" by Monsanto.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Landmark Monsanto Cancer Ruling Remains in Limbo","datePublished":"2018-10-10T15:36:19.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T22:56:49.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"The Associated Press","path":"/science/1932598/monsanto-to-challenge-jurys-289m-verdict-in-cancer-case","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>UPDATE: A judge is still deciding on whether to uphold a jury’s $289 million judgment against agribusiness giant Monsanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Superior Court Judge Suzanne Bolanos ended a two-hour hearing without making a formal ruling. Earlier in the day, she issued a tentative ruling saying she intended to toss out the jury’s $250 million punitive damage award and schedule a new trial on that issue. The judge also suggested she may reduce the rest of the award by $31 million if she upholds the jury’s decision that Monsanto’s weed-killer caused DeWayne Johnson’s cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge ordered lawyers to submit written legal arguments by Friday and will formally rule later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bolanos wrote plaintiff DeWayne Johnson, of Vallejo, failed to produce “clear and convincing evidence of malice or oppression” by Monsanto. She wrote that he did not provide any evidence that Monsanto employees believed that exposure to the product caused his lymphoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto had argued ahead of the hearing that Johnson failed to prove that Roundup or similar herbicides caused his lymphoma, and presented no evidence that Monsanto executives were malicious in marketing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators around the world have concluded on “multiple occasions” that the active ingredient in Roundup — glyphosate — is not a human carcinogen, the attorneys said in court documents. They called the jury verdict “extraordinary” and said it requires “exceptional scrutiny.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"documentcloud","attributes":{"named":{"url":"”https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5000279-Johnson-vs-Monsanto-10-10-2018-Tentative-Ruling.html#document/p1”","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s attorneys responded in court documents that the jury was well-educated and attentive. The evidence at trial was “more than sufficient to support an inference” that Johnson’s cancer was caused by his exposure to Monsanto’s herbicides, the attorneys said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mr. Johnson’s story is tragic and could have been prevented if Monsanto actually showed a modicum of care about human safety,” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s lawsuit is among hundreds alleging Roundup caused cancer, but it was the first one to go to trial. The jury in August determined that Roundup contributed to Johnson’s cancer, and Monsanto should have provided a label warning of a potential health hazard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It awarded Johnson $39 million in compensatory damages and $250 million in punitive damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson sprayed Roundup and a similar product, Ranger Pro, at his job as a pest control manager at a San Francisco Bay Area school district, according to his attorneys. He was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 2014 at age 42.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many government regulators have rejected a link between glyphosate and cancer. Monsanto has vehemently denied such a connection, saying hundreds of studies have established that glyphosate is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1932598/monsanto-to-challenge-jurys-289m-verdict-in-cancer-case","authors":["byline_science_1932598"],"categories":["science_35","science_39","science_40"],"tags":["science_374","science_1191","science_5198"],"featImg":"science_1932606","label":"science"},"science_1927142":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1927142","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1927142","score":null,"sort":[1533937127000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"san-francisco-jury-to-rule-whether-monsanto-caused-bay-area-mans-cancer","title":"Monsanto Found Guilty in Landmark Cancer Case Trial","publishDate":1533937127,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Monsanto Found Guilty in Landmark Cancer Case Trial | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>A San Francisco jury on Friday ordered chemical giant Monsanto to pay $289 million to a former school groundskeeper dying of cancer, saying the company’s popular Roundup weed killer contributed to his disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit brought by Dewayne Johnson was the first to go to trial among hundreds filed in state and federal courts saying Roundup causes non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, which Monsanto denies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto was acquired by the German company Bayer AG in a deal that was completed in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jurors in state Superior Court agreed the product contributed to Johnson’s cancer and the company should have provided a label warning of the potential health hazard. Johnson’s attorneys sought and won $39 million in compensatory damages and $250 million of the $373 million they wanted in punitive damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This jury found Monsanto acted with malice and oppression because they knew what they were doing was wrong and doing it with reckless disregard for human life,” said Robert F. Kennedy Jr., a member of Johnson’s legal team. “This should send a strong message to the boardroom of Monsanto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trial was expedited due to Johnson’s terminal illness; doctors say he only has months to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Allegations of Cover-up\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson, 46, is a father of three who contended that Monsanto covered up research linking the weedkiller Roundup to cancer.[contextly_sidebar id=”Y6KruJH68e8Vwwwz9FzuP7UTlsOlQ6aC”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He routinely applied Roundup during his employment with the Benicia school district. Lawyers for Johnson showed photos of him with severe skin lesions, which they say were developed from regular exposure to Roundup. From \u003ca href=\"https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2018/07/09/monsanto-trial-roundup-cancer-san-francisco/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CBS News\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>He sprayed large quantities from a 50-gallon tank attached to a truck, his attorney, Brent Wisner, told jurors during his opening statement. When the wind was gusty, it would cover his face, Wisner said. When a hose broke once, it soaked his entire body.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Johnson was ultimately diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit also accused Monsanto of intimidating scientists. It said the company covered up research showing that glyphosate, the main chemical in Roundup, can cause cancer. From the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/nation/article/Does-Roundup-cause-cancer-Patient-s-case-13061244.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>He claims in his lawsuit that Monsanto not only failed to warn people about the “dangerous characteristics” of its product, but actually “championed falsified data and attacked legitimate studies” in a “prolonged campaign of misinformation.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>When an expert hired by the company raised concerns about the product’s health risks, Wisner said the company sought to find a different expert rather than warn consumers. From the \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/jul/09/monsanto-trial-roundup-weedkiller-cancer-dewayne-johnson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guardian\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Wisner further cited Monsanto emails from decades prior, in which the company was working with a genotoxicity expert who reviewed a series of 1990s studies. He raised concerns about Roundup impacts on humans and suggested further areas of research. After the expert’s analyses, Monsanto representatives began considering finding a different expert and also started working on a press statement saying the product carried no risk, according to Johnson’s lawyer.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s defense pointed to a decision in 2015 by the World Health Organization \u003ca href=\"https://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/iarcnews/2016/glyphosate_IARC2016.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to classify\u003c/a> glyphosate as “probably carcinogenic to humans.”[contextly_sidebar id=”hKjmOH4ZcBGSLIh7uozgzvSo7MNiTgBv”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of countries have \u003ca href=\"http://responsibletechnology.org/irtnew/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/2-Glyphosate-Bans-and-Restrictions-Across-the-Globe.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">since banned or restricted\u003c/a> the sale and use of glyphosate. In 2017, California added glyphosate to its list of carcinogens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pitting Science Against Science\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for Monsanto accused Johnson’s lawyers of “cherrypicking” studies and countered with \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/ingredients-used-pesticide-products/glyphosate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">findings by the Environmental Protection Agency deeming the product safe to use\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also told the jury that non-Hodgkin lymphoma takes years to develop and therefore, Johnson must have contracted the illness before he began working for the school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The scientific evidence is overwhelming that glyphosate-based products do not cause cancer and did not cause Mr. Johnson’s cancer,” Monsanto attorney George Lombardi said in court.[contextly_sidebar id=”SmJymgaTmxwcBrRL80LiXyGEYwMY8ggy”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1920399/us-judge-blocks-weed-killer-warning-label-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> recently blocked California\u003c/a> from requiring Monsanto to include a cancer warning label on Roundup weed killer, pointing to findings by government regulators that glyphosate is safe to use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the outcome of the California trial won’t affect the other lawsuits, it could serve as a barometer of how the others might go.[contextly_sidebar id=”kwropuYeRNP2z1nG738B2G0XLbBFNLY0″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zen Honeycutt, the executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.momsacrossamerica.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Moms Across America\u003c/a>, a group trying to get Roundup taken off store shelves, called it the “trial of the century.” From the Chronicle:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The health, economy, and future of America depends on eliminating exposure to toxic chemical products such as Roundup,” she told the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with the Guardian, Timothy Litzenburg, one of Johnson’s lawyers, called his client “incredibly brave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever happens … his sons will get to know that their dad was brave enough to go up against Monsanto completely alone, and first, before he died.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The jury ordered Monsanto to pay Dewayne Lee Johnson, who is dying from terminal Hodgkin’s lymphoma, nearly $290 million in damages.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927576,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":843},"headData":{"title":"Monsanto Found Guilty in Landmark Cancer Case Trial | KQED","description":"The jury ordered Monsanto to pay Dewayne Lee Johnson, who is dying from terminal Hodgkin’s lymphoma, nearly $290 million in damages.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Monsanto Found Guilty in Landmark Cancer Case Trial","datePublished":"2018-08-10T21:38:47.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T22:59:36.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Health","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1927142/san-francisco-jury-to-rule-whether-monsanto-caused-bay-area-mans-cancer","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A San Francisco jury on Friday ordered chemical giant Monsanto to pay $289 million to a former school groundskeeper dying of cancer, saying the company’s popular Roundup weed killer contributed to his disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit brought by Dewayne Johnson was the first to go to trial among hundreds filed in state and federal courts saying Roundup causes non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, which Monsanto denies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto was acquired by the German company Bayer AG in a deal that was completed in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jurors in state Superior Court agreed the product contributed to Johnson’s cancer and the company should have provided a label warning of the potential health hazard. Johnson’s attorneys sought and won $39 million in compensatory damages and $250 million of the $373 million they wanted in punitive damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This jury found Monsanto acted with malice and oppression because they knew what they were doing was wrong and doing it with reckless disregard for human life,” said Robert F. Kennedy Jr., a member of Johnson’s legal team. “This should send a strong message to the boardroom of Monsanto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trial was expedited due to Johnson’s terminal illness; doctors say he only has months to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Allegations of Cover-up\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson, 46, is a father of three who contended that Monsanto covered up research linking the weedkiller Roundup to cancer.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He routinely applied Roundup during his employment with the Benicia school district. Lawyers for Johnson showed photos of him with severe skin lesions, which they say were developed from regular exposure to Roundup. From \u003ca href=\"https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2018/07/09/monsanto-trial-roundup-cancer-san-francisco/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CBS News\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>He sprayed large quantities from a 50-gallon tank attached to a truck, his attorney, Brent Wisner, told jurors during his opening statement. When the wind was gusty, it would cover his face, Wisner said. When a hose broke once, it soaked his entire body.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Johnson was ultimately diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit also accused Monsanto of intimidating scientists. It said the company covered up research showing that glyphosate, the main chemical in Roundup, can cause cancer. From the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/nation/article/Does-Roundup-cause-cancer-Patient-s-case-13061244.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>He claims in his lawsuit that Monsanto not only failed to warn people about the “dangerous characteristics” of its product, but actually “championed falsified data and attacked legitimate studies” in a “prolonged campaign of misinformation.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>When an expert hired by the company raised concerns about the product’s health risks, Wisner said the company sought to find a different expert rather than warn consumers. From the \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/jul/09/monsanto-trial-roundup-weedkiller-cancer-dewayne-johnson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guardian\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Wisner further cited Monsanto emails from decades prior, in which the company was working with a genotoxicity expert who reviewed a series of 1990s studies. He raised concerns about Roundup impacts on humans and suggested further areas of research. After the expert’s analyses, Monsanto representatives began considering finding a different expert and also started working on a press statement saying the product carried no risk, according to Johnson’s lawyer.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s defense pointed to a decision in 2015 by the World Health Organization \u003ca href=\"https://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/iarcnews/2016/glyphosate_IARC2016.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to classify\u003c/a> glyphosate as “probably carcinogenic to humans.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of countries have \u003ca href=\"http://responsibletechnology.org/irtnew/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/2-Glyphosate-Bans-and-Restrictions-Across-the-Globe.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">since banned or restricted\u003c/a> the sale and use of glyphosate. In 2017, California added glyphosate to its list of carcinogens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pitting Science Against Science\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for Monsanto accused Johnson’s lawyers of “cherrypicking” studies and countered with \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/ingredients-used-pesticide-products/glyphosate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">findings by the Environmental Protection Agency deeming the product safe to use\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also told the jury that non-Hodgkin lymphoma takes years to develop and therefore, Johnson must have contracted the illness before he began working for the school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The scientific evidence is overwhelming that glyphosate-based products do not cause cancer and did not cause Mr. Johnson’s cancer,” Monsanto attorney George Lombardi said in court.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1920399/us-judge-blocks-weed-killer-warning-label-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> recently blocked California\u003c/a> from requiring Monsanto to include a cancer warning label on Roundup weed killer, pointing to findings by government regulators that glyphosate is safe to use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the outcome of the California trial won’t affect the other lawsuits, it could serve as a barometer of how the others might go.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zen Honeycutt, the executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.momsacrossamerica.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Moms Across America\u003c/a>, a group trying to get Roundup taken off store shelves, called it the “trial of the century.” From the Chronicle:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The health, economy, and future of America depends on eliminating exposure to toxic chemical products such as Roundup,” she told the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with the Guardian, Timothy Litzenburg, one of Johnson’s lawyers, called his client “incredibly brave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever happens … his sons will get to know that their dad was brave enough to go up against Monsanto completely alone, and first, before he died.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1927142/san-francisco-jury-to-rule-whether-monsanto-caused-bay-area-mans-cancer","authors":["11428"],"categories":["science_35","science_39","science_40"],"tags":["science_374","science_664","science_3370","science_5198"],"featImg":"science_1927153","label":"source_science_1927142"},"science_1926952":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1926952","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1926952","score":null,"sort":[1530910834000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"study-provides-clues-to-fate-of-early-north-american-dogs","title":"Study Provides Clues to Fate of Early North American Dogs","publishDate":1530910834,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Study Provides Clues to Fate of Early North American Dogs | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>A new study provides fresh evidence that the first dogs of North America all but disappeared after the arrival of Europeans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only surviving legacy appears to be a cancer that arose from the cells of a dog that lived more than 8,000 years ago and has since spread to other canines throughout the world, an international team reported Thursday in the journal Science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers compared the genomes of ancient and modern American dogs. Results confirm that the first domesticated dogs of North America arrived with people from Asia over the same Bering land bridge used much earlier by humans. These dogs thrived for thousands of years, but mostly vanished after contact with Europeans. Scientists don’t know why they disappeared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just find it really surprising,” says geneticist Elinor Karlsson from the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester, who did not participate in the study. “There were millions and millions of dogs all over the continent (that) died out after the Europeans arrived. And the fact that we don’t know anything about it is kind of a big hole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an attempt to fill in the historical gaps, researchers sequenced the genetic material of 71 dog remains collected from bones found in Siberia, the United States and Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they compared it to the genetic makeup of modern pooches, they confirmed what other scientists have long suggested: The first dogs of North America, similar to Arctic dogs like Siberian huskies or Alaskan malamutes, were brought to the continent when people crossed the land bridge that formed between Russia and Canada. It’s not known when the dogs first arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Elaine Ostrander, a canine genetics expert from the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, this finding reveals something about our own behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where people go, so go their dogs,” said Ostrander, who was not part of the study. “This study reinforces that idea and takes it back to nearly the beginning of dogdom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers could not find any trace of ancient dog DNA in modern-day village dogs from South America or pre-Columbian breeds like the xoloitzcuintli, the Mexican hairless dog. Less than 4 percent of the genome of modern American dogs can be traced back to those that lived before the Europeans came, the study found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The indigenous dogs did appear to leave a genetic legacy: a rare dog cancer known as canine transmissible venereal tumor, or CTVT, that affected a single dog several thousand years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the closest remaining vestige of this lost dog lineage,” co-author Elizabeth Murchison, a geneticist at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The indigenous dogs did appear to leave a genetic legacy: a rare dog cancer that affected a single dog several thousand years ago.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927727,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":460},"headData":{"title":"Study Provides Clues to Fate of Early North American Dogs | KQED","description":"The indigenous dogs did appear to leave a genetic legacy: a rare dog cancer that affected a single dog several thousand years ago.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Study Provides Clues to Fate of Early North American Dogs","datePublished":"2018-07-06T21:00:34.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:02:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Animals","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Emiliano Rodriguez Mega\u003cbr />The Associated Press","path":"/science/1926952/study-provides-clues-to-fate-of-early-north-american-dogs","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A new study provides fresh evidence that the first dogs of North America all but disappeared after the arrival of Europeans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only surviving legacy appears to be a cancer that arose from the cells of a dog that lived more than 8,000 years ago and has since spread to other canines throughout the world, an international team reported Thursday in the journal Science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers compared the genomes of ancient and modern American dogs. Results confirm that the first domesticated dogs of North America arrived with people from Asia over the same Bering land bridge used much earlier by humans. These dogs thrived for thousands of years, but mostly vanished after contact with Europeans. Scientists don’t know why they disappeared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just find it really surprising,” says geneticist Elinor Karlsson from the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester, who did not participate in the study. “There were millions and millions of dogs all over the continent (that) died out after the Europeans arrived. And the fact that we don’t know anything about it is kind of a big hole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an attempt to fill in the historical gaps, researchers sequenced the genetic material of 71 dog remains collected from bones found in Siberia, the United States and Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they compared it to the genetic makeup of modern pooches, they confirmed what other scientists have long suggested: The first dogs of North America, similar to Arctic dogs like Siberian huskies or Alaskan malamutes, were brought to the continent when people crossed the land bridge that formed between Russia and Canada. It’s not known when the dogs first arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Elaine Ostrander, a canine genetics expert from the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, this finding reveals something about our own behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where people go, so go their dogs,” said Ostrander, who was not part of the study. “This study reinforces that idea and takes it back to nearly the beginning of dogdom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers could not find any trace of ancient dog DNA in modern-day village dogs from South America or pre-Columbian breeds like the xoloitzcuintli, the Mexican hairless dog. Less than 4 percent of the genome of modern American dogs can be traced back to those that lived before the Europeans came, the study found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The indigenous dogs did appear to leave a genetic legacy: a rare dog cancer known as canine transmissible venereal tumor, or CTVT, that affected a single dog several thousand years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the closest remaining vestige of this lost dog lineage,” co-author Elizabeth Murchison, a geneticist at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1926952/study-provides-clues-to-fate-of-early-north-american-dogs","authors":["byline_science_1926952"],"categories":["science_2874","science_35","science_40"],"tags":["science_1120","science_374","science_2266","science_260"],"featImg":"science_1926956","label":"source_science_1926952"},"science_1925877":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1925877","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1925877","score":null,"sort":[1529345484000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-moves-to-clear-coffee-of-cancer-risk-stigma","title":"California Moves to Clear Coffee of Cancer-Risk Stigma","publishDate":1529345484,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California Moves to Clear Coffee of Cancer-Risk Stigma | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>California officials, having concluded coffee drinking is not a risky pastime, are proposing a regulation that will essentially tell consumers of America’s favorite beverage they can drink up without fear.[contextly_sidebar id=”xaUbuzkfrZWU5MCxZmA78HelblVrTsoj”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unprecedented action Friday by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment to propose a regulation to clear coffee of the stigma that it could pose a toxic risk followed a review of more than 1,000 studies published this week by the World Health Organization that found inadequate evidence that coffee causes cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agency implements a law passed by voters in 1986 that requires warnings of chemicals known to cause cancer and birth defects. One of those chemicals is acrylamide, which is found in many things and is a byproduct of coffee roasting and brewing present in every cup of joe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the regulation is adopted, it would be a huge win for the coffee industry which faces potentially massive civil penalties after recently losing an 8-year-old lawsuit in Los Angeles Superior Court that could require scary warnings on all coffee packaging sold in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Elihu Berle found that Starbucks and other coffee roasters and retailers had failed to show that benefits from drinking coffee outweighed any cancer risks. He had previously ruled the companies hadn’t shown the threat from the chemical was insignificant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s action rejects that ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The proposed regulation would state that drinking coffee does not pose a significant cancer risk, despite the presence of chemicals created during the roasting and brewing process that are listed under Proposition 65 as known carcinogens,” the agency said in a statement. “The proposed regulation is based on extensive scientific evidence that drinking coffee has not been shown to increase the risk of cancer and may reduce the risk of some types of cancer.”[contextly_sidebar id=”Eh68QYmFnPH0bH18ZsZ9bsKDZFnQQzh9”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Raphael Metzger, who won the court case on behalf of The Council for Education and Research on Toxics, said he was shocked the agency would move to nullify the court decision and undermine its own report more than a decade ago that drinking even small amounts of coffee resulted in a significant cancer risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The takeaway is that the state is proposing a rule contrary to its own scientific conclusion. That’s unprecedented and bad,” Metzger said. “The whole thing stinks to high hell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Coffee Association had no comment on the proposed change. In the past, the organization has said coffee has health benefits and that the lawsuit made a mockery of the state law intended to protect people from toxics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientific evidence on coffee has gone back and forth over many years, but concerns have eased recently about possible dangers, with some studies finding health benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big Coffee didn’t deny that acrylamide was found in the coffee, but argued it was only found at low levels and was outweighed by other benefits such as antioxidants that reduce cancer risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agency’s action comes about a week after bipartisan bills were introduced in both houses of Congress to require science-based criteria for labels on food and other products. One of the sponsors, Rep. Kurt Schrader, D-Oregon, alluded to the California coffee lawsuit as an example of misleading warnings.[contextly_sidebar id=”23BFzlQuqcfm2ExTZlPQ7OfGNZchWlLQ”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we have mandatory cancer warnings on a cup of coffee, something has gone seriously wrong with the process,” Schrader said in a news release. “We now have so many warnings unrelated to the actual health risk posed to consumers, that most people just ignore them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit against Starbucks and 90 companies was brought by the tiny nonprofit under a law that allows private citizens, advocacy groups and attorneys to sue on behalf of the state and collect a portion of civil penalties for failure to provide warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act, better known as Proposition 65, requires warning labels for about 900 chemicals known to cause cancer or birth defects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law has been credited with reducing cancer-causing chemicals, but it has been criticized for leading to quick settlement shakedowns and vague warnings that are often ignored.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"If the regulation is adopted, it would be a huge win for the coffee industry, which faces potentially massive civil penalties after recently losing an 8-year-old lawsuit.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927795,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":718},"headData":{"title":"California Moves to Clear Coffee of Cancer-Risk Stigma | KQED","description":"If the regulation is adopted, it would be a huge win for the coffee industry, which faces potentially massive civil penalties after recently losing an 8-year-old lawsuit.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"California Moves to Clear Coffee of Cancer-Risk Stigma","datePublished":"2018-06-18T18:11:24.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:03:15.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Health","sticky":false,"nprByline":"The Associated Press","path":"/science/1925877/california-moves-to-clear-coffee-of-cancer-risk-stigma","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California officials, having concluded coffee drinking is not a risky pastime, are proposing a regulation that will essentially tell consumers of America’s favorite beverage they can drink up without fear.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unprecedented action Friday by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment to propose a regulation to clear coffee of the stigma that it could pose a toxic risk followed a review of more than 1,000 studies published this week by the World Health Organization that found inadequate evidence that coffee causes cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agency implements a law passed by voters in 1986 that requires warnings of chemicals known to cause cancer and birth defects. One of those chemicals is acrylamide, which is found in many things and is a byproduct of coffee roasting and brewing present in every cup of joe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the regulation is adopted, it would be a huge win for the coffee industry which faces potentially massive civil penalties after recently losing an 8-year-old lawsuit in Los Angeles Superior Court that could require scary warnings on all coffee packaging sold in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Elihu Berle found that Starbucks and other coffee roasters and retailers had failed to show that benefits from drinking coffee outweighed any cancer risks. He had previously ruled the companies hadn’t shown the threat from the chemical was insignificant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s action rejects that ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The proposed regulation would state that drinking coffee does not pose a significant cancer risk, despite the presence of chemicals created during the roasting and brewing process that are listed under Proposition 65 as known carcinogens,” the agency said in a statement. “The proposed regulation is based on extensive scientific evidence that drinking coffee has not been shown to increase the risk of cancer and may reduce the risk of some types of cancer.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Raphael Metzger, who won the court case on behalf of The Council for Education and Research on Toxics, said he was shocked the agency would move to nullify the court decision and undermine its own report more than a decade ago that drinking even small amounts of coffee resulted in a significant cancer risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The takeaway is that the state is proposing a rule contrary to its own scientific conclusion. That’s unprecedented and bad,” Metzger said. “The whole thing stinks to high hell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Coffee Association had no comment on the proposed change. In the past, the organization has said coffee has health benefits and that the lawsuit made a mockery of the state law intended to protect people from toxics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientific evidence on coffee has gone back and forth over many years, but concerns have eased recently about possible dangers, with some studies finding health benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big Coffee didn’t deny that acrylamide was found in the coffee, but argued it was only found at low levels and was outweighed by other benefits such as antioxidants that reduce cancer risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agency’s action comes about a week after bipartisan bills were introduced in both houses of Congress to require science-based criteria for labels on food and other products. One of the sponsors, Rep. Kurt Schrader, D-Oregon, alluded to the California coffee lawsuit as an example of misleading warnings.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we have mandatory cancer warnings on a cup of coffee, something has gone seriously wrong with the process,” Schrader said in a news release. “We now have so many warnings unrelated to the actual health risk posed to consumers, that most people just ignore them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit against Starbucks and 90 companies was brought by the tiny nonprofit under a law that allows private citizens, advocacy groups and attorneys to sue on behalf of the state and collect a portion of civil penalties for failure to provide warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act, better known as Proposition 65, requires warning labels for about 900 chemicals known to cause cancer or birth defects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law has been credited with reducing cancer-causing chemicals, but it has been criticized for leading to quick settlement shakedowns and vague warnings that are often ignored.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1925877/california-moves-to-clear-coffee-of-cancer-risk-stigma","authors":["byline_science_1925877"],"categories":["science_4450"],"tags":["science_374","science_1191","science_664","science_5181"],"featImg":"science_1921851","label":"source_science_1925877"},"science_1924274":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1924274","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1924274","score":null,"sort":[1527112206000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"push-to-ban-coral-killing-sunscreens-goes-national","title":"Push to Ban Coral-Killing Sunscreens Goes National","publishDate":1527112206,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Push to Ban Coral-Killing Sunscreens Goes National | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>An environmental group has \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2018/corals-05-23-2018.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">petitioned\u003c/a> the federal government to ban two coral-killing chemicals from sunscreen and personal care products, just weeks after Hawaii passed a law banning their sale due to alleged toxic effects on marine life.[contextly_sidebar id=”iy7wlGpuXGBaFvWtWUrlXN0ABOSaQGlN”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday the \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/a> petitioned the Food and Drug Administration to ban products containing oxybenzone and octinoxate, noting that even a miniscule amount of oxybenzone is toxic to corals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The science is clearer every day that coral-killing chemicals are in our sunscreens,” says CBD biologist and lead attorney Emily Jeffers. “This is a nationwide problem and applies everywhere, even to people who don’t live next to the ocean. Whatever sunscreen people apply rubs off into water sources, which eventually flow back into the ocean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change is already wreaking havoc on coral reefs, says Jeffers, and the added stress of chemical contamination is only deepening the crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A widely cited \u003ca href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6371/80\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2015 study\u003c/a> found that oxybenzone and octinoxate, which function as UV blockers, disrupt marine life and contribute to coral bleaching, which occurs when heat stress drives out nutrient-rich algae, which is the coral’s food source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once extremely rare, incidents of oral bleaching have increased fourfold over the last three decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924373\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1924373\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Studies find that corals are bleaching due to high water temperature. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Not everyone agrees that the two chemicals are to blame for the destruction of coral reefs. Trade groups for cosmetics and over-the-counter drug companies have \u003ca href=\"https://myaccount.nytimes.com/auth/login?URI=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F02%2F19%2Ftravel%2Fmost-sunscreens-can-harm-coral-reefs-what-should-travelers-do.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pointed to\u003c/a> other culprits such as global warming and overfishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the ban in Hawaii, the Consumer Healthcare Products Association\u003ca href=\"https://chpa.org/SunscreenBan2018.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> accused\u003c/a> the state’s legislature of compromising the safety and welfare of residents by effectively banning at least 70 percent of sunscreen products currently on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jeffers says that plenty of alternatives exist for effective sunscreen protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want people to use sunscreen to protect against skin cancer and there are so many non-toxic alternatives out there,” she says. “So why would we voluntarily put chemicals into our oceans? There’s a way to protect your skin and corals at the same time and that’s what we should be doing.”[contextly_sidebar id=”9uDNWCty7Drr3GiXzu4UpatCYNuGwYZ8”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CBD petition comes one day after the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.ewg.org/sunscreen/report/executive-summary/#.WwXTCqqpVeU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Environmental Working Group\u003c/a> published its annual sunscreen guide, which found oxybenzone in two-thirds of the 650 sunscreens it reviewed. The group cites oxybenzone as an environmental and health hazard that acts as a hormone disruptor and is measured in the body of nearly every American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For safe and effective sunscreens, the EWG guide recommends products containing zinc oxide and titanium dioxide.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The heat is increasingly on common ingredients in sunscreens, cited as harmful to both ocean and human health.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927894,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":459},"headData":{"title":"Push to Ban Coral-Killing Sunscreens Goes National | KQED","description":"The heat is increasingly on common ingredients in sunscreens, cited as harmful to both ocean and human health.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Push to Ban Coral-Killing Sunscreens Goes National","datePublished":"2018-05-23T21:50:06.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:04:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Health","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1924274/push-to-ban-coral-killing-sunscreens-goes-national","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>An environmental group has \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2018/corals-05-23-2018.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">petitioned\u003c/a> the federal government to ban two coral-killing chemicals from sunscreen and personal care products, just weeks after Hawaii passed a law banning their sale due to alleged toxic effects on marine life.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday the \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/a> petitioned the Food and Drug Administration to ban products containing oxybenzone and octinoxate, noting that even a miniscule amount of oxybenzone is toxic to corals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The science is clearer every day that coral-killing chemicals are in our sunscreens,” says CBD biologist and lead attorney Emily Jeffers. “This is a nationwide problem and applies everywhere, even to people who don’t live next to the ocean. Whatever sunscreen people apply rubs off into water sources, which eventually flow back into the ocean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change is already wreaking havoc on coral reefs, says Jeffers, and the added stress of chemical contamination is only deepening the crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A widely cited \u003ca href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6371/80\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2015 study\u003c/a> found that oxybenzone and octinoxate, which function as UV blockers, disrupt marine life and contribute to coral bleaching, which occurs when heat stress drives out nutrient-rich algae, which is the coral’s food source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once extremely rare, incidents of oral bleaching have increased fourfold over the last three decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924373\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1924373\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/iStock-528164381-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Studies find that corals are bleaching due to high water temperature. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Not everyone agrees that the two chemicals are to blame for the destruction of coral reefs. Trade groups for cosmetics and over-the-counter drug companies have \u003ca href=\"https://myaccount.nytimes.com/auth/login?URI=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F02%2F19%2Ftravel%2Fmost-sunscreens-can-harm-coral-reefs-what-should-travelers-do.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pointed to\u003c/a> other culprits such as global warming and overfishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the ban in Hawaii, the Consumer Healthcare Products Association\u003ca href=\"https://chpa.org/SunscreenBan2018.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> accused\u003c/a> the state’s legislature of compromising the safety and welfare of residents by effectively banning at least 70 percent of sunscreen products currently on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jeffers says that plenty of alternatives exist for effective sunscreen protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want people to use sunscreen to protect against skin cancer and there are so many non-toxic alternatives out there,” she says. “So why would we voluntarily put chemicals into our oceans? There’s a way to protect your skin and corals at the same time and that’s what we should be doing.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CBD petition comes one day after the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.ewg.org/sunscreen/report/executive-summary/#.WwXTCqqpVeU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Environmental Working Group\u003c/a> published its annual sunscreen guide, which found oxybenzone in two-thirds of the 650 sunscreens it reviewed. The group cites oxybenzone as an environmental and health hazard that acts as a hormone disruptor and is measured in the body of nearly every American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For safe and effective sunscreens, the EWG guide recommends products containing zinc oxide and titanium dioxide.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1924274/push-to-ban-coral-killing-sunscreens-goes-national","authors":["11428"],"categories":["science_35","science_39","science_40"],"tags":["science_374","science_1050","science_5181"],"featImg":"science_1924288","label":"source_science_1924274"},"science_1921850":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1921850","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1921850","score":null,"sort":[1525812036000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-judge-coffee-needs-cancer-warnings","title":"Cancer Warnings at Calif. Starbucks? Judge's Final Ruling Clears the Way","publishDate":1525812036,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Cancer Warnings at Calif. Starbucks? Judge’s Final Ruling Clears the Way | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>A court ruling that gave coffee drinkers a jolt earlier this year was finalized Monday when a Los Angeles judge said coffee sold in California must carry cancer warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The coffee industry did not deny that the chemical acrylamide was found in coffee, but they argued it was at harmless levels.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Superior Court Judge Elihu Berle said Starbucks Corp. and other roasters and retailers failed to show that benefits from drinking coffee outweighed any risks from a carcinogen that is a byproduct of the roasting process. He had tentatively made the same written decision in March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A nonprofit group sued about 90 coffee companies, including Keurig Green Mountain Inc. and Peet’s Operating Co. Inc., under a state law that requires warnings on products and in places where chemicals that can cause cancer are present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coffee industry did not deny that the chemical acrylamide was found in coffee. But they argued it was at harmless levels and their product should be exempt from the law because the chemical results naturally from cooking necessary for flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final ruling clears the way for the Council for Education and Research on Toxics to seek a permanent injunction that would either lead to ominous warning labels or a commitment by the industry to remove the chemical from their product — as the potato chip industry did years ago when sued by the same group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Raphael Metzger, who represents the nonprofit, said he hopes mediation will lead to some settlement of the case that has been brewing for eight years. If no agreement is reached, another phase of trial would determine civil penalties as high as $2,500 per person exposed each day since the suit was filed in 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In all the years I’ve been practicing, I’ve never had a case that got to this point,” Metzger said. “They’ve lost all their defenses and we proved our case. The only issues left are the nature and form of the injunction and the amount of penalties to be assessed. It’s not a pretty place for them to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berle had ruled about two years ago against the industry’s best defense before issuing the tentative decision March 29 that rejected a secondary defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the coffee industry said it was considering all options, including appeals. It said that cancer warnings would be misleading and said numerous studies have shown health benefits of drinking coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry and lawyers in the case did not immediately reply to an email seeking comment sent after business hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”0teFDtcBreWWQS4FC3FZdWkLoUHPY5OR”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>World Health Organization Says No Risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, the International Agency for Research on Cancer — the cancer agency of the World Health Organization — moved coffee off its “possible carcinogen” list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies indicate coffee is unlikely to cause breast, prostate or pancreatic cancer, and it seems to lower the risks for liver and uterine cancers, the agency said. Evidence is inadequate to determine its effect on dozens of other cancer types.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California legal case has been brewing for eight years and is still not over. A third phase of trial will later determine any civil penalties that coffee companies must pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With potential penalties up to $2,500 per person exposed each day over eight years, that figure could be astronomical in a state with close to 40 million residents, though a massive figure is unlikely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit was brought under the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act, passed by voters as Proposition 65 in 1986. It allows private citizens, advocacy groups and attorneys to sue on behalf of the state and collect a portion of civil penalties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law has been credited with reducing chemicals that cause cancer and birth defects, such as lead in hair dyes, mercury in nasal sprays and arsenic in bottled water. But it’s also been widely criticized for abuses by lawyers shaking down businesses for quick settlements.[contextly_sidebar id=”SKNr2ZmlOPyVlTmK9PImjJm76yYgdkJv”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metzger, who drinks a few cups of coffee a day, said he wants the industry to remove the chemical from its process. Coffee companies have said that’s not feasible and would make their product taste bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metzger’s group brought a similar case later taken up by the state attorney general that resulted in potato-chip makers agreeing in 2008 to pay $3 million and remove acrylamide from their products rather than post startling warnings that can be found throughout California and are largely ignored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parking garages, for example, post signs saying, “This area contains chemicals known to the state of California to cause cancer, birth defects and other reproductive harm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulations adopted in recent years now require more specific warnings that list the chemical consumers may be exposed to and list a website with more information. Parking garages, for example, will have to post that breathing air there exposes drivers to carbon monoxide and gas and diesel exhaust and that people should not to linger longer than necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many coffee companies have already posted warnings that specifically say acrylamide is found in coffee and is among chemicals that cause cancer. However, many of those warnings are posted in places not easily visible, such as below the counter where cream and sugar are available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the first phase of the trial, Berle said the defense failed to present enough credible evidence to show there was no significant risk posed by acrylamide in coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law put the burden on the defense to show that the level of the chemical won’t result in one excess case of cancer for every 100,000 people exposed. Berle said the epidemiology studies presented were inadequate to evaluate that risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”vV6z214hD9mRJ4Q2alM2i421KYBHPkhw”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of the defendants in the coffee case have settled at some point during the long legal process and agreed to post warnings, Metzger said. About 50 defendants remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the latest to settle was 7-Eleven, which agreed to pay $900,000. BP West Coast Products, which operates gas station convenience stores, agreed to pay $675,000. Yum Yum Donuts Inc. agreed to pay about $250,000.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In California, your morning jolt may soon include a cancer warning. The ruling clears the way for either ominous labels or a commitment by the coffee industry to remove a certain chemical.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927926,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1048},"headData":{"title":"Cancer Warnings at Calif. Starbucks? Judge's Final Ruling Clears the Way | KQED","description":"In California, your morning jolt may soon include a cancer warning. The ruling clears the way for either ominous labels or a commitment by the coffee industry to remove a certain chemical.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Cancer Warnings at Calif. Starbucks? Judge's Final Ruling Clears the Way","datePublished":"2018-05-08T20:40:36.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:05:26.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Health","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Brian Melley\u003cbr />The Associated Press","path":"/science/1921850/california-judge-coffee-needs-cancer-warnings","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A court ruling that gave coffee drinkers a jolt earlier this year was finalized Monday when a Los Angeles judge said coffee sold in California must carry cancer warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The coffee industry did not deny that the chemical acrylamide was found in coffee, but they argued it was at harmless levels.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Superior Court Judge Elihu Berle said Starbucks Corp. and other roasters and retailers failed to show that benefits from drinking coffee outweighed any risks from a carcinogen that is a byproduct of the roasting process. He had tentatively made the same written decision in March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A nonprofit group sued about 90 coffee companies, including Keurig Green Mountain Inc. and Peet’s Operating Co. Inc., under a state law that requires warnings on products and in places where chemicals that can cause cancer are present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coffee industry did not deny that the chemical acrylamide was found in coffee. But they argued it was at harmless levels and their product should be exempt from the law because the chemical results naturally from cooking necessary for flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final ruling clears the way for the Council for Education and Research on Toxics to seek a permanent injunction that would either lead to ominous warning labels or a commitment by the industry to remove the chemical from their product — as the potato chip industry did years ago when sued by the same group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Raphael Metzger, who represents the nonprofit, said he hopes mediation will lead to some settlement of the case that has been brewing for eight years. If no agreement is reached, another phase of trial would determine civil penalties as high as $2,500 per person exposed each day since the suit was filed in 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In all the years I’ve been practicing, I’ve never had a case that got to this point,” Metzger said. “They’ve lost all their defenses and we proved our case. The only issues left are the nature and form of the injunction and the amount of penalties to be assessed. It’s not a pretty place for them to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berle had ruled about two years ago against the industry’s best defense before issuing the tentative decision March 29 that rejected a secondary defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the coffee industry said it was considering all options, including appeals. It said that cancer warnings would be misleading and said numerous studies have shown health benefits of drinking coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry and lawyers in the case did not immediately reply to an email seeking comment sent after business hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>World Health Organization Says No Risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, the International Agency for Research on Cancer — the cancer agency of the World Health Organization — moved coffee off its “possible carcinogen” list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies indicate coffee is unlikely to cause breast, prostate or pancreatic cancer, and it seems to lower the risks for liver and uterine cancers, the agency said. Evidence is inadequate to determine its effect on dozens of other cancer types.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California legal case has been brewing for eight years and is still not over. A third phase of trial will later determine any civil penalties that coffee companies must pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With potential penalties up to $2,500 per person exposed each day over eight years, that figure could be astronomical in a state with close to 40 million residents, though a massive figure is unlikely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit was brought under the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act, passed by voters as Proposition 65 in 1986. It allows private citizens, advocacy groups and attorneys to sue on behalf of the state and collect a portion of civil penalties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law has been credited with reducing chemicals that cause cancer and birth defects, such as lead in hair dyes, mercury in nasal sprays and arsenic in bottled water. But it’s also been widely criticized for abuses by lawyers shaking down businesses for quick settlements.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metzger, who drinks a few cups of coffee a day, said he wants the industry to remove the chemical from its process. Coffee companies have said that’s not feasible and would make their product taste bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metzger’s group brought a similar case later taken up by the state attorney general that resulted in potato-chip makers agreeing in 2008 to pay $3 million and remove acrylamide from their products rather than post startling warnings that can be found throughout California and are largely ignored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parking garages, for example, post signs saying, “This area contains chemicals known to the state of California to cause cancer, birth defects and other reproductive harm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulations adopted in recent years now require more specific warnings that list the chemical consumers may be exposed to and list a website with more information. Parking garages, for example, will have to post that breathing air there exposes drivers to carbon monoxide and gas and diesel exhaust and that people should not to linger longer than necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many coffee companies have already posted warnings that specifically say acrylamide is found in coffee and is among chemicals that cause cancer. However, many of those warnings are posted in places not easily visible, such as below the counter where cream and sugar are available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the first phase of the trial, Berle said the defense failed to present enough credible evidence to show there was no significant risk posed by acrylamide in coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law put the burden on the defense to show that the level of the chemical won’t result in one excess case of cancer for every 100,000 people exposed. Berle said the epidemiology studies presented were inadequate to evaluate that risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of the defendants in the coffee case have settled at some point during the long legal process and agreed to post warnings, Metzger said. About 50 defendants remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the latest to settle was 7-Eleven, which agreed to pay $900,000. BP West Coast Products, which operates gas station convenience stores, agreed to pay $675,000. Yum Yum Donuts Inc. agreed to pay about $250,000.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1921850/california-judge-coffee-needs-cancer-warnings","authors":["byline_science_1921850"],"categories":["science_36","science_3151","science_39","science_3424","science_40"],"tags":["science_374","science_664","science_507","science_5181"],"featImg":"science_1921851","label":"source_science_1921850"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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