Lenny Gonzalez

Some might say it’s all well and good to teach responsibility and accountability and self-sufficiency, but what about test scores?

At Napa New Tech, the numbers speak for themselves. The school’s 2009 API scores was 818. (Napa New Tech is the first school in the New Tech Network, and was opened in 1996.) The average score of all the 62 schools in the New Tech Network for 2008 was 691, and the growth in the score between 2007 and 2008 was 10.75.

“In general, our students do better across the country in humanities, language arts, social studies, and science,” said Chris Walsh, director of innovation and design at New Tech Network. “Math is still at average. But in terms of engagement, college attendance, and graduation rates, we’re off the charts.”

He’s right. From the KnowledgeWorks Foundation (which New Tech is a subsidiary of):

Also according to Knowledgeworks:

- 26 of 28 New Tech schools with available data (or 93%) had attendance rates between 90-100% in 2008-09. Almost two-thirds of the New Tech schools had a 0% drop out rate across grades in 2008-09.

- 98% of Napa New Tech graduates surveyed advanced to post-secondary education.

- 40% are in Science, Technology, Engineering or Math (STEM) career tracks compared with 7% of high school graduates nationwide.

More numbers to take into account, showing that the New Tech model could work in any setting.

- 1/3 of New Tech schools are in rural areas; 1/3 are in suburban; and 1/3 are in urban neighborhoods.

- Half of the students in the network have free and/or reduced lunch.

But even with such promising scores, the whole assessment issue can stand some serious review, Walsh said.

“We’re trying to redefine what the definition of a great school is. Not just good test scores or great football teams,” he said. “If we had a national assessment around critical thinking, which we unfortunately don’t, you would change the whole dialogue.”

Lenny Gonzalez

For a good idea to truly have a powerful impact, it needs to be replicable. And that’s what the New Tech Network is doing: teaching schools across the country how to scale the Napa New Tech model.

“When you talk about meaningful change that’s sustainable, you’re talking about a system change,” said Chris Walsh, director of innovation and design at New Tech Network, which is a subsidiary of KnowledgeWorks. “What the New Tech system represents is [dismantling] the traditional model, then putting back the components so everything meshes together.”

It’s an arduous process, and one that takes a year’s worth of planning and hard work on everyone’s part, and about half a million dollars to institute. For starters, the three non-negotiables that every New Tech school must have are:

- 1-1 computers (that is, one computer for every student)

- Project-based learning

- Team teaching

And the schools must be flexible in reconfiguring the curriculum. “If you have pacing guides, and you have to cover this topic on this day, it won’t work,” Walsh said.

But if and when schools are prepared to move forward, the process goes something like this:

- New Tech Network coaches visit an interested school and show them the master plan of how a New Tech school is put together and governed.

- New Tech coaches shadow the converting school’s teachers and administrators.

- Educators from the converting school are brought to Napa New Tech to see first-hand how the system work in practice.

- Educators from the converting school go through a five-day training process (last year 400 new teachers were trained for 27 new schools), where they’re introduced to a “blitz of project-based training,” according to Walsh.

- When the school becomes part of the New Tech Network, New Tech coaches visit the school up to 10 times a year, keeping close tabs on the rubrics. They also offer them remote support with Skype, e-mail, and lots of phone calls.

- Each year, all the New Tech educators convene at a national conference to get “re-energized,” Walsh said.

One more interesting point Walsh brings up about teacher training:

“Traditional schools of education don’t graduate students who are ready for this, so a lot of time has to be spent training teachers,” he said.

Lenny Gonzalez

What does the high school of the future look like? It’s one that emphasizes useful, relevant skills that can be applied to college and the work world beyond. One that encourages students to be critical thinkers, responsible for their own actions. One that trains them to work collaboratively and push themselves to outside their comfort zones. And one that uses the benefits of technology to reach those goals.

If these are the tenets, then the folks at Napa New Technology High School in Napa, Calif., believe theirs is the model.

One of 62 schools in the New Tech Network, Napa New Tech High has turned the traditional high school model on its ear. Its objective is to deliver responsible citizens who are ready to work or go to college, and learn the skills to be prepared for the world outside the confines of school.

I visited the campus recently and came away with a clear understanding of the school’s vision. There’s a lot to cover, but in essence, I’ve boiled it down to these five ways I consider New Tech a school of the future.

1) Breeding a culture of accountability.

Aligning with the growing movement of teaching 21st century skills, one of the recurring mantras at New Tech High is the pervasive culture of respect, trust, and responsibility that goes both ways between educators and students. For instance, you’ll hear no bells signaling the end of class periods. Students are trusted to keep track of their own time, just as they would as grownups in the outside world, and to show up where they need to at the appropriate times. They can organize independent study projects with teachers and work on their own or in groups in the school’s airy atrium/cyber café.

“How students work here is different from traditional schools,” said Paul Curtis, assistant director of school design at Napa New Tech. “It’s much less about control. Our kids are basically treated as much as possible like an employee in a company. With respect and trust.”

Lenny Gonzalez

When, for example, it came time to nail down a policy about video games – whether non-educational games should be allowed on school computers or only on personal computers, whether headphones should be required, whether some games should be barred completely at school – administrators included students in the decision-making process.

“Rather than come up with rules to control behavior, we give them as much freedom as possible, but give them norms and behaviors for work we want everyone to do. It’s the idea of ownership of community,” Curtis said.

2) Project-based curriculum.

Put simply, project-based curriculum emphasizes learning through doing classroom projects that address a specific issue or challenge. Students typically carry out the projects in groups, and teachers guide them along.

At Napa New Tech, you’ll hear very little lecturing and see few teacher-led activities. For this school, the decision to use project-based curriculum was based not only on what topics students should learn, but also what skills they should acquire in school.

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“It came from a fundamental belief that we have a set of skills we want to teach kids,” Curtis said. “Critical thinking, collaboration, and communication. There are two approaches you can take: create electives that teach these skills, or embed them into every single class. If you do the latter, it leads to project-based learning.”

And in this era of high accountability, the New Tech team recognizes that the curriculum must be tied to standards. (More on the school’s assessment scores in an upcoming article.)

“We have to train teachers to look at standards that states derive, where there’s meaningful application of that knowledge,” Curtis said. “So now we start with standards and build curriculum around them. And at the same time, we provide deeper a learning experience that also teaches 21st century skills.”

3) Smart use of technology.

You can’t escape computers at Napa New Tech High. They’re everywhere. Students sit grouped together at round or long conference tables, working in teams, each one armed with a computer. The point, though, is not that they have these computers, but how it helps them become self-sufficient learners.

“Kids are finding the path to knowledge their own way,” Curtis said. “They become empowered and no longer have to raise their hand to ask a question unless they’re really stuck. This pushes them to become lifelong learners. It happens every time as long as you have access to information and technology.”

To that end, every student has access to a computer, whether it’s brought from home or provided by the school, whether it’s a Netbook or a desktop. For those families who can’t provide laptops for students, the school offers desktops. But according to Curtis, 93% of students bring their own laptops, though 33% are on free or reduced lunch.

4) Test scores based on more than knowing just facts.

In most schools, if a student turns in a project or paper late, her entire grade is typically lowered. And as a result, that one grade doesn’t accurately indicate other important factors, such as quality of work or amount of effort. With New Tech’s “gradebook” system, a student is graded on four different criteria: content, written communication (even in subjects like math), critical thinking, and work ethic.

And sometimes to surprising results.

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“Some kids who struggle the most are bright kids who’ve always gotten A’s but now are not necessarily getting the grades they’ve gotten,” said Howard Mahoney, principal of Napa New Tech High School. “When it comes to things like collaboration, critical thinking, pushing above and beyond, they don’t know what to do when they’re graded on those things and sometimes they get a D on an assignment. Other kids who’ve never been successful are doing great.”

Every student has access to how they scored in the rubric, and can easily identify what part of their project can be improved.

5) Providing a framework for other schools to scale.

You’ll find pockets of innovation all across the country, examples of progressive schools or programs that could be replicated, but often are not for a long list of reasons. But New Tech Network is scaling its program all over the country.

Napa New Tech High is the first of a proliferating network of schools that follow the same ideals and mission. As of now, 62 schools across the country are replicating the New Tech model (and that number grows).

What does it take to become a New Tech school? First and foremost, it’s the willingness to embrace absolute change in school culture.

“If you don’t have this atmosphere, it’s hard to think about academic achievement. Even in urban schools, we focus on culture as the primary piece, because until that gets established it’s hard to do anything else,” said Chris Walsh, director of innovation and design at New Tech Network, which is a subsidiary of KnowledgeWorks Foundation.

Also, it takes many months of planning, about $450,000 to $500,000, a lot of intense teacher re-training, an entire project-based curriculum, and possibly the biggest challenge — an understanding that the model has to be embraced in its entirety.

“It doesn’t help to try to piecemeal your way to change,” Walsh said. “Each of those small changes are seen by the rest of the system as cancer. The whole system fights against that change.”

And they’re pushing for even further growth. To really get traction and for communities to benefit from all the advantages of New Tech schools, the network’s goal is to create entire districts with their model.

“We’ve figured out the school part,” Walsh said. “But the big challenge for us is to create a district that supports the infrastructure like this.”