The Other Reformation: How Martin Luther Changed Our Beer, Too
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Right: A portrait of Martin Luther. The protest that Luther launched 500 years ago not only revamped how Europe worshiped, but also how it drank. He and his followers promoted hops in beer as an act of rebellion against the Catholic Church.","publishDate":1509484385,"status":"inherit","parent":122158,"modified":1509484756,"caption":"Left: A bartender at Hops & Barley brew pub pours a pint of beer in Berlin, Germany. Right: A portrait of Martin Luther. The protest that Luther launched 500 years ago not only revamped how Europe worshiped, but also how it drank. He and his followers promoted hops in beer as an act of rebellion against the Catholic Church.","credit":"Adam Berry; ullstein bild via Getty Images","description":"Left: A bartender at Hops","imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-160x90.jpg","width":160,"height":90,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-800x450.jpg","width":800,"height":450,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-768x432.jpg","width":768,"height":432,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-1020x574.jpg","width":1020,"height":574,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-lrg":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-1920x1080.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-1180x664.jpg","width":1180,"height":664,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-960x540.jpg","width":960,"height":540,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xxsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-240x135.jpg","width":240,"height":135,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-375x211.jpg","width":375,"height":211,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"small":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-520x292.jpg","width":520,"height":292,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xlarge":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-1180x664.jpg","width":1180,"height":664,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-1920x1080.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/martinluther_beer_wide-5b14cf7263b5fa44eda0a8f9e47856b4d4a874b2.jpg","width":3599,"height":2024}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"bayareabites_85527":{"type":"attachments","id":"bayareabites_85527","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"bayareabites","id":"85527","found":true},"title":"naturefriends_featured","publishDate":1407121425,"status":"inherit","parent":85508,"modified":1407121425,"caption":null,"credit":null,"description":null,"imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends121-e1407121456657.jpg","width":640,"height":359}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false}},"audioPlayerReducer":{"postId":"stream_live"},"authorsReducer":{"byline_bayareabites_122158":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_122158","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_122158","name":"Nina 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She's had a 16 year tumultuous love affair with professional cooking and has BFA in photography from CCAC. \r\n\r\nWorking with and for some of the best chefs in NYC and California, \u003ca href=\"http://www.chefdb.com/nm/6272/\">Shuna's resume reads like the who's who of cooking today.\u003c/a> She identifies as a fruit-inspired pastry chef and calls the many local farmers' markets her muse.\r\n\r\nCurrently \"at large,\" Shuna spends her time teaching baking and knife skills classes, consulting at local restaurants and writing for a number of outlets about deliciousness.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1cd64875ccb5cbe84c2d67d266113439?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Shuna Fish Lydon | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1cd64875ccb5cbe84c2d67d266113439?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1cd64875ccb5cbe84c2d67d266113439?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/shuna-lydon"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"arts","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"bayareabites_122158":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_122158","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"122158","score":null,"sort":[1509485608000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-other-reformation-how-martin-luther-changed-our-beer-too","title":"The Other Reformation: How Martin Luther Changed Our Beer, Too","publishDate":1509485608,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>On this day 500 years ago, an obscure Saxon monk launched a protest movement against the Catholic Church that would transform Europe. Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation changed not just the way Europeans lived, fought, worshipped, worked and created art but also how they ate and drank. For among the things it impacted was a drink beloved throughout the world and especially in Luther's native Germany: beer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change in beer production was wrought by the pale green conical flower of a wildly prolific plant — hops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every hip craft brewery today peddling expensive hoppy beers owes a debt of gratitude to Luther and his followers for promoting the use of hops as an act of rebellion against the Catholic Church. But why did Protestants decide to embrace this pretty flower, and what did it have to do with religious rebellion?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Therein foams a bitter pint of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 16th century, the Catholic Church had a stranglehold on beer production, since it held the monopoly on \u003cem>gruit\u003c/em> — the mixture of herbs and botanicals (sweet gale, mug wort, yarrow, ground ivy, heather, rosemary, juniper berries, ginger, cinnamon) used to flavor and preserve beer. Hops, however, were not taxed. Considered undesirable weeds, they grew plentifully and vigorously — their invasive nature captured by their melodic Latin name, \u003cem>Humulus lupulus \u003c/em>(which the music-loving Luther would have loved), which means \"climbing wolf.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The church didn't like hops,\" says William Bostwick, the beer critic for\u003cem> The\u003c/em> \u003cem>Wall Street Journal \u003c/em>and author of\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Brewers-Tale-History-World-According/dp/B00TXPCMEU\">The Brewer's Tale: A History of the World According to Beer\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em> \"One reason was that the 12th century German mystic and abbess Hildegard had pronounced that hops were not very good for you, because they 'make the soul of a man sad and weigh down his inner organs.' So, if you were a Protestant brewer and wanted to thumb your nose at Catholicism, you used hops instead of herbs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the Reformation, German princes had been moving toward hops — in 1516, for instance, a Bavarian law mandated that beer could be made only with hops, water and barley. But Luther's revolt gave the weed a significant boost. The fact that hops were tax-free constituted only part of the draw. Hops had other qualities that appealed to the new movement; chiefly, their excellent preservative qualities. \"All herbs and spices have preservative qualities, but with hops, beer could travel really well, so it became a unit of international trade that symbolized the growing business class, which was tangentially connected with the Protestant work ethic and capitalism,\" says Bostwick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another virtue in hops' favor was their sedative properties. The mystic Hildegard was right in saying hops weighed down one's innards. \"I sleep six or seven hours running, and afterwards two or three. I am sure it is owing to the beer,\" wrote Luther to his wife, Katharina, from the town of Torgau, renowned for its beer. The soporific, mellowing effect of hops might seem like a drawback, but in fact it offered a welcome alternative to many of the spices and herbs used by the church that had hallucinogenic and aphrodisiacal properties. \"Fueled by these potent concoctions, church ales could be as boisterous as the Germanic drinking bouts church elders once frowned on,\" writes Bostwick. \"And so, to distance themselves further from papal excesses, when Protestants drank beer they preferred it hopped.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Catholic Church lost control over the printed word with the invention of the printing press — the technological weapon that ensured Luther's success — it lost control over beer with the rise of hops. \"The head went flat on monastic beer,\" says Bostwick. \"Did Protestantism explicitly promote hops? I don't think so. But did it encourage the use of hops? I would say, yes, probably.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_122164\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Luther's wife, Katharina, was the brewer of the family.\" width=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-122164\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85-160x234.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85-240x351.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85-375x548.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85-520x760.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luther's wife, Katharina, was the brewer of the family. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Luther Memorials Foundation of Saxony-Anhalt)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Luther would have relished his role in promoting hops. If anyone loved and appreciated good beer, it was this stout, sensual and gregarious monk. His letters often mentioned beer, whether it was the delicious Torgau beer that he extolled as finer than wine or the \"nasty\" Dessau beer that made him long for Katharina's homebrew. \"I keep thinking what good wine and beer I have at home, as well as a beautiful wife,\" he wrote. \"You would do well to send me over my whole cellar of wine and a bottle of thy beer.\" Days before he died, in February 1546, in one of his last letters to his wife, he praised Naumburg beer for its laxative properties. Luther suffered excruciating agonies from constipation, and it was therefore with immense satisfaction that he announced his \"three bowel movements\" that morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an age where the water was unsafe, beer was drunk by everyone and was the nutritional and social fuel of Germany. \"It was a really natural and very common part of every household pantry,\" says Bostwick. \"I compare it these days to a pot of coffee always simmering on your countertop. Back then it was a kettle of beer. Beer was brewed less for pure enjoyment than for medicinal reasons (it incorporated herbs and spices) and for pure sustenance. Beers then were richer and heartier than today. They were a source of calories for the lower classes who did not have access to rich foods.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not surprisingly, beer pops up at pivotal moments in Luther's life. Most notably, after taking on the formidable might of the Catholic Church, an unruffled Luther famously declared that God and the Word did everything, \"while I drank beer with my [friends] Philipp and Amsdorf.\" Luther's teachings were mocked as \"sour beer,\" and one of his critics disparaged him as a heretic from the filthy market town of Wittenberg, populated by \"a barbarous people who make their living from breweries and saloons.\" But as he gained fame and became a popular hero, a range of Lutheran merchandise was launched, including beer mugs featuring the pope as the Antichrist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the excommunicated Luther married the runaway nun Katharina von Bora, the town council gave the couple a barrel of excellent Einbeck beer. It was a fitting gift. Beer was soon to assume an even more central role in Luther's life, thanks to his wife. The intelligent, talented and exceptionally competent Katharina not only bore six children and managed the Luthers' large household with its endless stream of guests but also planted a vegetable garden and fruit trees, raised cows and pigs, had a fish pond, drove a wagon, and — to her husband's undying delight — opened a brewery that produced thousands of pints of beer each year. Her initial shaky attempts produced a thin, weak brew, but she soon got the hang of it and learned exactly how much malt to add to suit her husband's taste. Luther was ecstatic — Lord Katie, as he affectionately called her, had assured him a steady supply even when Wittenberg's breweries ran dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luther's favorite spot to hold forth on theology, philosophy and life in general was not the tavern but the table. The long refectory table in the cavernous Luther home seated up to 50 people. \"This was Luther's especial domain,\" writes Andrew Pettegree in his elegant biography \u003cem>Brand Luther: How an Unheralded Monk Turned History\u003c/em>. \"The day's labors past, he would sit with his friends and talk. Fueled by his wife's excellent beer, conversation would become general, discursive, and sometimes unbuttoned.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unbuttoned is an understatement. Voluble, energetic and beery, Luther's conversation zigged and zagged between the sublime and the scatological, to the amazement of his students, who hung on his every word. The church was called a brothel and the pope the Antichrist. Former popes \"farted like the devil\" and were sodomites and transvestites. His students collected these jewels into a book called \u003cem>Table Talk\u003c/em>. When it was published, it went viral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But though he clearly loved his tankard, there is no record of Luther being a lush. In fact, he could be quite a scold when it came to drunken behavior. He lamented the German addiction to beer, saying, \"such an eternal thirst, I am afraid, will remain as Germany's plague until the Last Day.\" And he once declared, \"I wish brewing had never been invented, for a great deal of grain is consumed to make it, and nothing good is brewed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was no doubt a spot of grandstanding. For all his protestations, Luther's beer stein was always full. He loved local beer, boasted of his wife's brewing skills, and launched a movement that helped promote hops. Does that make him a patron saint of the craft brewery?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Luther might blanch a bit as a good Protestant at being called a saint,\" points out Bostwick, \"and there's already a brewery saint called St. Arnold, who saved his congregation from the plague by making them drink beer. In the interests of Protestantism, I wouldn't call him a saint, but he was certainly a beer enthusiast, and many a beer bar and brewery today has a picture of Martin Luther on their wall. So let's say that while we certainly don't genuflect to him, he's known and appreciated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoppy Quincentennial, Martin Luther!\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ninamartyris.pressfolios.com/\">Nina Martyris\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a journalist based in Knoxville, Tenn.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The protest movement Luther launched 500 years ago revamped not only how Europe worshipped but how it drank. We'd call him the patron saint of beer except, well, he wouldn't like the \"saint\" part.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1509485608,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":1577},"headData":{"title":"The Other Reformation: How Martin Luther Changed Our Beer, Too | KQED","description":"The protest movement Luther launched 500 years ago revamped not only how Europe worshipped but how it drank. We'd call him the patron saint of beer except, well, he wouldn't like the "saint" part.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"122158 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=122158","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/10/31/the-other-reformation-how-martin-luther-changed-our-beer-too/","disqusTitle":"The Other Reformation: How Martin Luther Changed Our Beer, Too","nprImageCredit":"left: Adam Berry Right: Ullstein bild via","nprByline":"Nina Martyris, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/nprfood/\">NPR Food\u003c/a>","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"561117731","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=561117731&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/10/31/561117731/the-other-reformation-how-martin-luther-changed-our-beer-too?ft=nprml&f=561117731","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 31 Oct 2017 17:10:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 31 Oct 2017 13:17:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 31 Oct 2017 17:10:12 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/122158/the-other-reformation-how-martin-luther-changed-our-beer-too","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On this day 500 years ago, an obscure Saxon monk launched a protest movement against the Catholic Church that would transform Europe. Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation changed not just the way Europeans lived, fought, worshipped, worked and created art but also how they ate and drank. For among the things it impacted was a drink beloved throughout the world and especially in Luther's native Germany: beer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change in beer production was wrought by the pale green conical flower of a wildly prolific plant — hops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every hip craft brewery today peddling expensive hoppy beers owes a debt of gratitude to Luther and his followers for promoting the use of hops as an act of rebellion against the Catholic Church. But why did Protestants decide to embrace this pretty flower, and what did it have to do with religious rebellion?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Therein foams a bitter pint of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 16th century, the Catholic Church had a stranglehold on beer production, since it held the monopoly on \u003cem>gruit\u003c/em> — the mixture of herbs and botanicals (sweet gale, mug wort, yarrow, ground ivy, heather, rosemary, juniper berries, ginger, cinnamon) used to flavor and preserve beer. Hops, however, were not taxed. Considered undesirable weeds, they grew plentifully and vigorously — their invasive nature captured by their melodic Latin name, \u003cem>Humulus lupulus \u003c/em>(which the music-loving Luther would have loved), which means \"climbing wolf.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The church didn't like hops,\" says William Bostwick, the beer critic for\u003cem> The\u003c/em> \u003cem>Wall Street Journal \u003c/em>and author of\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Brewers-Tale-History-World-According/dp/B00TXPCMEU\">The Brewer's Tale: A History of the World According to Beer\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em> \"One reason was that the 12th century German mystic and abbess Hildegard had pronounced that hops were not very good for you, because they 'make the soul of a man sad and weigh down his inner organs.' So, if you were a Protestant brewer and wanted to thumb your nose at Catholicism, you used hops instead of herbs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the Reformation, German princes had been moving toward hops — in 1516, for instance, a Bavarian law mandated that beer could be made only with hops, water and barley. But Luther's revolt gave the weed a significant boost. The fact that hops were tax-free constituted only part of the draw. Hops had other qualities that appealed to the new movement; chiefly, their excellent preservative qualities. \"All herbs and spices have preservative qualities, but with hops, beer could travel really well, so it became a unit of international trade that symbolized the growing business class, which was tangentially connected with the Protestant work ethic and capitalism,\" says Bostwick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another virtue in hops' favor was their sedative properties. The mystic Hildegard was right in saying hops weighed down one's innards. \"I sleep six or seven hours running, and afterwards two or three. I am sure it is owing to the beer,\" wrote Luther to his wife, Katharina, from the town of Torgau, renowned for its beer. The soporific, mellowing effect of hops might seem like a drawback, but in fact it offered a welcome alternative to many of the spices and herbs used by the church that had hallucinogenic and aphrodisiacal properties. \"Fueled by these potent concoctions, church ales could be as boisterous as the Germanic drinking bouts church elders once frowned on,\" writes Bostwick. \"And so, to distance themselves further from papal excesses, when Protestants drank beer they preferred it hopped.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Catholic Church lost control over the printed word with the invention of the printing press — the technological weapon that ensured Luther's success — it lost control over beer with the rise of hops. \"The head went flat on monastic beer,\" says Bostwick. \"Did Protestantism explicitly promote hops? I don't think so. But did it encourage the use of hops? I would say, yes, probably.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_122164\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Luther's wife, Katharina, was the brewer of the family.\" width=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-122164\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85-160x234.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85-240x351.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85-375x548.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/10/ext_201512180022_custom-90979e6dd576eff43d1bcf5b8f02381b227a2c06-s700-c85-520x760.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luther's wife, Katharina, was the brewer of the family. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Luther Memorials Foundation of Saxony-Anhalt)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Luther would have relished his role in promoting hops. If anyone loved and appreciated good beer, it was this stout, sensual and gregarious monk. His letters often mentioned beer, whether it was the delicious Torgau beer that he extolled as finer than wine or the \"nasty\" Dessau beer that made him long for Katharina's homebrew. \"I keep thinking what good wine and beer I have at home, as well as a beautiful wife,\" he wrote. \"You would do well to send me over my whole cellar of wine and a bottle of thy beer.\" Days before he died, in February 1546, in one of his last letters to his wife, he praised Naumburg beer for its laxative properties. Luther suffered excruciating agonies from constipation, and it was therefore with immense satisfaction that he announced his \"three bowel movements\" that morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an age where the water was unsafe, beer was drunk by everyone and was the nutritional and social fuel of Germany. \"It was a really natural and very common part of every household pantry,\" says Bostwick. \"I compare it these days to a pot of coffee always simmering on your countertop. Back then it was a kettle of beer. Beer was brewed less for pure enjoyment than for medicinal reasons (it incorporated herbs and spices) and for pure sustenance. Beers then were richer and heartier than today. They were a source of calories for the lower classes who did not have access to rich foods.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not surprisingly, beer pops up at pivotal moments in Luther's life. Most notably, after taking on the formidable might of the Catholic Church, an unruffled Luther famously declared that God and the Word did everything, \"while I drank beer with my [friends] Philipp and Amsdorf.\" Luther's teachings were mocked as \"sour beer,\" and one of his critics disparaged him as a heretic from the filthy market town of Wittenberg, populated by \"a barbarous people who make their living from breweries and saloons.\" But as he gained fame and became a popular hero, a range of Lutheran merchandise was launched, including beer mugs featuring the pope as the Antichrist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the excommunicated Luther married the runaway nun Katharina von Bora, the town council gave the couple a barrel of excellent Einbeck beer. It was a fitting gift. Beer was soon to assume an even more central role in Luther's life, thanks to his wife. The intelligent, talented and exceptionally competent Katharina not only bore six children and managed the Luthers' large household with its endless stream of guests but also planted a vegetable garden and fruit trees, raised cows and pigs, had a fish pond, drove a wagon, and — to her husband's undying delight — opened a brewery that produced thousands of pints of beer each year. Her initial shaky attempts produced a thin, weak brew, but she soon got the hang of it and learned exactly how much malt to add to suit her husband's taste. Luther was ecstatic — Lord Katie, as he affectionately called her, had assured him a steady supply even when Wittenberg's breweries ran dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luther's favorite spot to hold forth on theology, philosophy and life in general was not the tavern but the table. The long refectory table in the cavernous Luther home seated up to 50 people. \"This was Luther's especial domain,\" writes Andrew Pettegree in his elegant biography \u003cem>Brand Luther: How an Unheralded Monk Turned History\u003c/em>. \"The day's labors past, he would sit with his friends and talk. Fueled by his wife's excellent beer, conversation would become general, discursive, and sometimes unbuttoned.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unbuttoned is an understatement. Voluble, energetic and beery, Luther's conversation zigged and zagged between the sublime and the scatological, to the amazement of his students, who hung on his every word. The church was called a brothel and the pope the Antichrist. Former popes \"farted like the devil\" and were sodomites and transvestites. His students collected these jewels into a book called \u003cem>Table Talk\u003c/em>. When it was published, it went viral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But though he clearly loved his tankard, there is no record of Luther being a lush. In fact, he could be quite a scold when it came to drunken behavior. He lamented the German addiction to beer, saying, \"such an eternal thirst, I am afraid, will remain as Germany's plague until the Last Day.\" And he once declared, \"I wish brewing had never been invented, for a great deal of grain is consumed to make it, and nothing good is brewed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was no doubt a spot of grandstanding. For all his protestations, Luther's beer stein was always full. He loved local beer, boasted of his wife's brewing skills, and launched a movement that helped promote hops. Does that make him a patron saint of the craft brewery?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Luther might blanch a bit as a good Protestant at being called a saint,\" points out Bostwick, \"and there's already a brewery saint called St. Arnold, who saved his congregation from the plague by making them drink beer. In the interests of Protestantism, I wouldn't call him a saint, but he was certainly a beer enthusiast, and many a beer bar and brewery today has a picture of Martin Luther on their wall. So let's say that while we certainly don't genuflect to him, he's known and appreciated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoppy Quincentennial, Martin Luther!\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ninamartyris.pressfolios.com/\">Nina Martyris\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a journalist based in Knoxville, Tenn.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/122158/the-other-reformation-how-martin-luther-changed-our-beer-too","authors":["byline_bayareabites_122158"],"categories":["bayareabites_301","bayareabites_11028","bayareabites_2090"],"tags":["bayareabites_14753","bayareabites_86","bayareabites_16000"],"featImg":"bayareabites_122159","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_85508":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_85508","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"85508","score":null,"sort":[1407283450000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-celebration-of-the-great-outdoors-at-oakland-nature-friends","title":"A Celebration of the Great Outdoors at Oakland Nature Friends","publishDate":1407283450,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends14.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends14.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland Nature Friends\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-85529\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nestled up in the East Bay hills resides \u003ca href=\"http://thenaturefriendscorporation.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland Nature Friends\u003c/a>, a 3-acre rustic retreat that overlooks the bay. Part of an \u003ca href=\"http://www.nfi.at/\">international movement\u003c/a> founded in the late 1800s in Austria, these groups celebrate their love of nature through family-friendly gatherings at their wilderness lodges and clubs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, there’s three “Tourist Clubs”: up on the ridge of \u003ca href=\"http://touristclubsf.org/\">Mt. Tam\u003c/a>; \u003ca href=\"http://www.naturefriendsla.org/\">Los Angeles\u003c/a>; Oakland. While access to these clubs is generally limited to its members, they open their doors to the general public for several annual events rooted in Austrian, German and Swiss culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As parking is limited (although a shuttle van service was offered to Butters Drive from the nearby Joaquin Miller Road), we were greeted warmly by one of the hosts when my husband and I appeared on bicycles – in keeping with the environmentally-friendly spirit of the gathering. The rousing music of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.theinternationals.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Internationals Band\u003c/a> lured us in after we paid the $10/per person admission fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends01.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends01.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland Nature Friends\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-85510\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"85520,85511,85517,85518,85519,85512\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were later joined by several of our fellow cycling comrades and gravitated towards the refreshments. After stocking up on tickets, we traded them in for pitchers of \u003ca href=\"http://www.spatenbeer.com/\">Spaten\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.paulaner.com/en\">Paulaner\u003c/a> Oktoberfest draft beer, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bratwurst\">bratwurst\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauerkraut\">sauerkraut\u003c/a>\u003c/em> and \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%C3%A4tzle\">spätzle\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. There was also a delightful assortment of desserts, including apple strudel and poppyseed cake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"none\" size=\"full\" ids=\"85514,85515,85516\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later on, as we basked in the sunshine at one of the picnic tables, we watched men clad in colorful \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lederhosen\">lederhosen\u003c/a>\u003c/em> and women bedecked in frilly \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirndl\">dirndl\u003c/a>\u003c/em> as they performed a traditional \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schuhplattler\">Schuhplattler\u003c/a>\u003c/em> courtship folk dance with lots of clapping, stamping and slapping of legs and feet. There was also a feisty rendition of the “Woodchopper’s Dance,\" or \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://youtu.be/iihThOJyXIY\">Holzhackertanz\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, with axes and saws brandished in rhythm to the music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends12.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends12.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland Nature Friends Folk Dancing\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-85521\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.appgadget.com/f562sgpubmi8/main.php?view=event&eventid=1395899905594\">Oktoberfest\u003c/a> is their next planned public event is Sunday, October 5\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> from noon to 6PM; you can RSVP on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/473731739416680/\" target=\"_blank\">Facebook\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://thenaturefriendscorporation.org/\">Oakland Nature Friends\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n3115 Butters Drive, Oakland, CA 94602 [\u003ca href=\"http://goo.gl/kr0MEe\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\n(510) 531-2930\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/oak.nature.friends\">Oakland Nature Friends\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Photos by Jenny Oh\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Get a taste of Austrian, German and Swiss culture up in the East Bay hills at one of the annual public events hosted by the Oakland Nature Friends. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1443466019,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":true,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":360},"headData":{"title":"A Celebration of the Great Outdoors at Oakland Nature Friends | KQED","description":"Get a taste of Austrian, German and Swiss culture up in the East Bay hills at one of the annual public events hosted by the Oakland Nature Friends. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"85508 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=85508","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/08/05/a-celebration-of-the-great-outdoors-at-oakland-nature-friends/","disqusTitle":"A Celebration of the Great Outdoors at Oakland Nature Friends","path":"/bayareabites/85508/a-celebration-of-the-great-outdoors-at-oakland-nature-friends","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends14.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends14.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland Nature Friends\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-85529\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nestled up in the East Bay hills resides \u003ca href=\"http://thenaturefriendscorporation.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland Nature Friends\u003c/a>, a 3-acre rustic retreat that overlooks the bay. Part of an \u003ca href=\"http://www.nfi.at/\">international movement\u003c/a> founded in the late 1800s in Austria, these groups celebrate their love of nature through family-friendly gatherings at their wilderness lodges and clubs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, there’s three “Tourist Clubs”: up on the ridge of \u003ca href=\"http://touristclubsf.org/\">Mt. Tam\u003c/a>; \u003ca href=\"http://www.naturefriendsla.org/\">Los Angeles\u003c/a>; Oakland. While access to these clubs is generally limited to its members, they open their doors to the general public for several annual events rooted in Austrian, German and Swiss culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As parking is limited (although a shuttle van service was offered to Butters Drive from the nearby Joaquin Miller Road), we were greeted warmly by one of the hosts when my husband and I appeared on bicycles – in keeping with the environmentally-friendly spirit of the gathering. The rousing music of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.theinternationals.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Internationals Band\u003c/a> lured us in after we paid the $10/per person admission fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends01.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends01.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland Nature Friends\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-85510\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"85520,85511,85517,85518,85519,85512","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were later joined by several of our fellow cycling comrades and gravitated towards the refreshments. After stocking up on tickets, we traded them in for pitchers of \u003ca href=\"http://www.spatenbeer.com/\">Spaten\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.paulaner.com/en\">Paulaner\u003c/a> Oktoberfest draft beer, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bratwurst\">bratwurst\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauerkraut\">sauerkraut\u003c/a>\u003c/em> and \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%C3%A4tzle\">spätzle\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. There was also a delightful assortment of desserts, including apple strudel and poppyseed cake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","link":"none","size":"full","ids":"85514,85515,85516","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later on, as we basked in the sunshine at one of the picnic tables, we watched men clad in colorful \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lederhosen\">lederhosen\u003c/a>\u003c/em> and women bedecked in frilly \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirndl\">dirndl\u003c/a>\u003c/em> as they performed a traditional \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schuhplattler\">Schuhplattler\u003c/a>\u003c/em> courtship folk dance with lots of clapping, stamping and slapping of legs and feet. There was also a feisty rendition of the “Woodchopper’s Dance,\" or \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://youtu.be/iihThOJyXIY\">Holzhackertanz\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, with axes and saws brandished in rhythm to the music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends12.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/08/naturefriends12.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland Nature Friends Folk Dancing\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-85521\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.appgadget.com/f562sgpubmi8/main.php?view=event&eventid=1395899905594\">Oktoberfest\u003c/a> is their next planned public event is Sunday, October 5\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> from noon to 6PM; you can RSVP on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/473731739416680/\" target=\"_blank\">Facebook\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://thenaturefriendscorporation.org/\">Oakland Nature Friends\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n3115 Butters Drive, Oakland, CA 94602 [\u003ca href=\"http://goo.gl/kr0MEe\">map\u003c/a>]\u003cbr>\n(510) 531-2930\u003cbr>\nFacebook: \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/oak.nature.friends\">Oakland Nature Friends\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Photos by Jenny Oh\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/85508/a-celebration-of-the-great-outdoors-at-oakland-nature-friends","authors":["2100"],"categories":["bayareabites_109","bayareabites_301","bayareabites_13306","bayareabites_8770","bayareabites_366"],"tags":["bayareabites_10782","bayareabites_14753","bayareabites_741","bayareabites_13649","bayareabites_86","bayareabites_13650","bayareabites_13648"],"featImg":"bayareabites_85527","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_526":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_526","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"526","score":null,"sort":[1171921560000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"goose-dinner-a-sumptuous-belated-holiday-affair","title":"Goose Dinner, A (Sumptuous) Belated Holiday Affair","publishDate":1171921560,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9358.JPG\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every year you have the same holiday dinners. Turkey for this, ham for that. An odd crown roast or duck and maybe cedar plank fish if you have a house in the country. You like the same side dishes to go with these main proteins. With some meals a mixture of sweet and savory gracing the table is important, but sometimes it's all about the salt. Certain holidays are about being American and then there are the ones that remind you of the culture in which you grew up or flavors your grandmother introduced you to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9361.JPG\">\u003cbr>Each cavity stuffed with a different set of aromatics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9363.JPG\">\u003cbr>Goose, bound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You're married or belong to a community or every year you go to a different house for these holidays. Every year is basically the same, except that everyone's a little older, or every other you do what your partner wants. Sometimes you volunteer at your local synagogue or church or soup kitchen and make more food than you thought possible. When you sit down to eat after these days your exhaustion is deeply soul-satisfied with a varied plate of food you let yourself (finally) eat and enjoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9382.JPG\">\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://www.elise.com/recipes/\">Elise Bauer\u003c/a> makes her famous \u003ca href=\"http://www.elise.com/recipes/archives/000086cranberry_relish.php\">cranberry-orange relish\u003c/a> at the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the year you make dinner parties or bring what the host asks you to make. You shop at the farmers' market differently for these special nights. You pull out your favorite cookbooks and try a new recipe or finesse a favorite from the tried-and-true box. You proudly unfurl your food and wait nervously for people to dig in, hoping beyond hope that what you've made will pass muster and maybe at the end of the night someone asks you for your recipe. You go home feeling warm and full in ways you generally don't after dinner at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9376.JPG\">\u003cbr>Basting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day you realize you sorely miss a particular holiday dinner you went to year after year. It was German affair complete with goose, red cabbage with chestnuts, a most exquisitely rich pan gravy, \u003ca href=\"http://www.geocities.com/NapaValley/6579/recipes/c8.html\">lebkuchen\u003c/a> and bite-sized marzipan shapes from Berlin. The person who you went with has died, and now every year, at the same time, you miss that goose. Even though you didn't grow up with anyone who ever cooked a goose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9370.JPG\">\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://madeater.blogspot.com/\">Cookiecrumb and Cranky\u003c/a>'s bright and tangy sauerkraut crockpot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9367.JPG\">\u003cbr>Prepping the innards for gravy. (The goose is dense and rich and the gravy begs to be drunk from a glass!)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have a food blog, or you date someone who has one. You used to cook professionally, or are going to culinary school, or are a professional food writer, or you live in a house the size of a private airplane hanger because you're the most amazing photographer, or you're a meat cooking expert or you have a wine cellar or you're not working right now. You organize a goose making dinner because you realize, in order to satiate this goose-eating-taste-bud appendage you've acquired and now must acknowledge, albeit late in life, you must learn how to cook said animal yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9384.JPG\">\u003cbr>Jessica Wilson taking the temperature of the geese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You start talking about the possibility of a German Holiday Feast near actual holidays to your food blogging friends. You plant the seed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A brilliant idea comes to you one night late. February! It's the perfect time for such a dinner. Although you won't get your geese warm from a fresh slaughter as you might near Christmas, you're told all your Bay Area options for goose buying. You're not working much or you're in need of organizing a grand food event. You've \u003ca href=\"http://eggbeater.typepad.com/shuna/2007/02/dumplingsorama.html\">recently been to\u003c/a> a number \u003ca href=\"http://eggbeater.typepad.com/shuna/2007/02/the_bakery_loft.html\">of massive community food gathering undertakings\u003c/a> for which you only showed up as a guest and now it's your time to kick it into gear. You go to you local meat expert, fellow blogger, someone you refer to sweetly as \u003ca href=\"http://www.cyberbilly.com/about.html\">your personal Meat Angel\u003c/a>. You know he's the person to make your first goose with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9391.JPG\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You channel the most organized, bossy side of you. You want to eat what you want. You make a list, asking for people to choose from a list and \"call\" a dish. It reads: \"spaetzle, red cabbage with chestnuts, a green salad (for me what constitutes a salad, in, Feb. is head lettuce, cucumbers and radishes), baked potatoes, something sauerkrauty, steamed broccoli or greens or squash something, raw celery root something, something leeky, cranberry sauce/chutney something, chocolate, marzipan tinted dessert and \u003ca href=\"http://marcsala.blogspot.com/\">Marc\u003c/a>, can you make \u003ca>that \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://eggbeater.typepad.com/shuna/2006/11/orange_cake.html\">Orange Cake\u003c/a>?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9393.JPG\">\u003cbr>Paul Hendry carving with \u003ca href=\"http://meathenge.com/\">Guy\u003c/a>'s lucky carving knife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the last minute you have to change locations. People you've never met offer their industrial palatial estate. In between dinner and dessert one of the hosts, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bartnagel.com/\">a distinguished professional photographer\u003c/a>, takes portaits of all the guests! The kitchen crew of three gets shot jumping in the air. (All photos from the session will be made public shortly; link will be posted on \u003ca href=\"http://eggbeater.typepad.com/\">Eggbeater\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9374.JPG\">\u003cbr>Molten hazelnut-cocoa nib \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/2006/11/baking-classes-caramel-as-subject.jsp\">brittle\u003c/a> garnish for pot de creme made on site by Shuna and \u003ca href=\"http://eggbeater.typepad.com/shuna/2007/02/dumplingsorama.html\">David Byron\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9411.JPG\">\u003cbr>Marc's \u003ca href=\"http://brandoesq.blogspot.com/2006/07/exoticorange.html\">orange cakes\u003c/a> & caramel sauce plated with David & Shuna's gianduja pot de creme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9412.JPG\">\u003cbr>\"The Kitchen Crew\" Jessica Wilson, David Byron, and Shuna Lydon (not pictured) at the head of the table happily eating dessert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the event tires you out you would do it again. Twenty-four people gather, make the seasonal side dishes you were craving, and bring wine and beverages from all over the map. You make new friends, have a number of inspiring conversations, banter and laugh, navigating a foreign kitchen, and everyone eats the German Holiday Feast of your making, from your heart and imaginings.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1171921560,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":25,"wordCount":972},"headData":{"title":"Goose Dinner, A (Sumptuous) Belated Holiday Affair | KQED","description":"Every year you have the same holiday dinners. Turkey for this, ham for that. An odd crown roast or duck and maybe cedar plank fish if you have a house in the country. You like the same side dishes to go with these main proteins. With some meals a mixture of sweet and savory gracing","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"526 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/2007/02/19/goose-dinner-a-sumptuous-belated-holiday-affair/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2007/02/19/goose-dinner-a-sumptuous-belated-holiday-affair/","disqusTitle":"Goose Dinner, A (Sumptuous) Belated Holiday Affair","path":"/bayareabites/526/goose-dinner-a-sumptuous-belated-holiday-affair","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9358.JPG\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every year you have the same holiday dinners. Turkey for this, ham for that. An odd crown roast or duck and maybe cedar plank fish if you have a house in the country. You like the same side dishes to go with these main proteins. With some meals a mixture of sweet and savory gracing the table is important, but sometimes it's all about the salt. Certain holidays are about being American and then there are the ones that remind you of the culture in which you grew up or flavors your grandmother introduced you to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9361.JPG\">\u003cbr>Each cavity stuffed with a different set of aromatics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9363.JPG\">\u003cbr>Goose, bound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You're married or belong to a community or every year you go to a different house for these holidays. Every year is basically the same, except that everyone's a little older, or every other you do what your partner wants. Sometimes you volunteer at your local synagogue or church or soup kitchen and make more food than you thought possible. When you sit down to eat after these days your exhaustion is deeply soul-satisfied with a varied plate of food you let yourself (finally) eat and enjoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9382.JPG\">\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://www.elise.com/recipes/\">Elise Bauer\u003c/a> makes her famous \u003ca href=\"http://www.elise.com/recipes/archives/000086cranberry_relish.php\">cranberry-orange relish\u003c/a> at the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the year you make dinner parties or bring what the host asks you to make. You shop at the farmers' market differently for these special nights. You pull out your favorite cookbooks and try a new recipe or finesse a favorite from the tried-and-true box. You proudly unfurl your food and wait nervously for people to dig in, hoping beyond hope that what you've made will pass muster and maybe at the end of the night someone asks you for your recipe. You go home feeling warm and full in ways you generally don't after dinner at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9376.JPG\">\u003cbr>Basting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day you realize you sorely miss a particular holiday dinner you went to year after year. It was German affair complete with goose, red cabbage with chestnuts, a most exquisitely rich pan gravy, \u003ca href=\"http://www.geocities.com/NapaValley/6579/recipes/c8.html\">lebkuchen\u003c/a> and bite-sized marzipan shapes from Berlin. The person who you went with has died, and now every year, at the same time, you miss that goose. Even though you didn't grow up with anyone who ever cooked a goose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9370.JPG\">\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://madeater.blogspot.com/\">Cookiecrumb and Cranky\u003c/a>'s bright and tangy sauerkraut crockpot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9367.JPG\">\u003cbr>Prepping the innards for gravy. (The goose is dense and rich and the gravy begs to be drunk from a glass!)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have a food blog, or you date someone who has one. You used to cook professionally, or are going to culinary school, or are a professional food writer, or you live in a house the size of a private airplane hanger because you're the most amazing photographer, or you're a meat cooking expert or you have a wine cellar or you're not working right now. You organize a goose making dinner because you realize, in order to satiate this goose-eating-taste-bud appendage you've acquired and now must acknowledge, albeit late in life, you must learn how to cook said animal yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9384.JPG\">\u003cbr>Jessica Wilson taking the temperature of the geese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You start talking about the possibility of a German Holiday Feast near actual holidays to your food blogging friends. You plant the seed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A brilliant idea comes to you one night late. February! It's the perfect time for such a dinner. Although you won't get your geese warm from a fresh slaughter as you might near Christmas, you're told all your Bay Area options for goose buying. You're not working much or you're in need of organizing a grand food event. You've \u003ca href=\"http://eggbeater.typepad.com/shuna/2007/02/dumplingsorama.html\">recently been to\u003c/a> a number \u003ca href=\"http://eggbeater.typepad.com/shuna/2007/02/the_bakery_loft.html\">of massive community food gathering undertakings\u003c/a> for which you only showed up as a guest and now it's your time to kick it into gear. You go to you local meat expert, fellow blogger, someone you refer to sweetly as \u003ca href=\"http://www.cyberbilly.com/about.html\">your personal Meat Angel\u003c/a>. You know he's the person to make your first goose with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9391.JPG\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You channel the most organized, bossy side of you. You want to eat what you want. You make a list, asking for people to choose from a list and \"call\" a dish. It reads: \"spaetzle, red cabbage with chestnuts, a green salad (for me what constitutes a salad, in, Feb. is head lettuce, cucumbers and radishes), baked potatoes, something sauerkrauty, steamed broccoli or greens or squash something, raw celery root something, something leeky, cranberry sauce/chutney something, chocolate, marzipan tinted dessert and \u003ca href=\"http://marcsala.blogspot.com/\">Marc\u003c/a>, can you make \u003ca>that \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://eggbeater.typepad.com/shuna/2006/11/orange_cake.html\">Orange Cake\u003c/a>?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9393.JPG\">\u003cbr>Paul Hendry carving with \u003ca href=\"http://meathenge.com/\">Guy\u003c/a>'s lucky carving knife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the last minute you have to change locations. People you've never met offer their industrial palatial estate. In between dinner and dessert one of the hosts, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bartnagel.com/\">a distinguished professional photographer\u003c/a>, takes portaits of all the guests! The kitchen crew of three gets shot jumping in the air. (All photos from the session will be made public shortly; link will be posted on \u003ca href=\"http://eggbeater.typepad.com/\">Eggbeater\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9374.JPG\">\u003cbr>Molten hazelnut-cocoa nib \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/2006/11/baking-classes-caramel-as-subject.jsp\">brittle\u003c/a> garnish for pot de creme made on site by Shuna and \u003ca href=\"http://eggbeater.typepad.com/shuna/2007/02/dumplingsorama.html\">David Byron\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9411.JPG\">\u003cbr>Marc's \u003ca href=\"http://brandoesq.blogspot.com/2006/07/exoticorange.html\">orange cakes\u003c/a> & caramel sauce plated with David & Shuna's gianduja pot de creme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/IMG_9412.JPG\">\u003cbr>\"The Kitchen Crew\" Jessica Wilson, David Byron, and Shuna Lydon (not pictured) at the head of the table happily eating dessert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the event tires you out you would do it again. Twenty-four people gather, make the seasonal side dishes you were craving, and bring wine and beverages from all over the map. You make new friends, have a number of inspiring conversations, banter and laugh, navigating a foreign kitchen, and everyone eats the German Holiday Feast of your making, from your heart and imaginings.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/526/goose-dinner-a-sumptuous-belated-holiday-affair","authors":["5021"],"categories":["bayareabites_64"],"tags":["bayareabites_14741","bayareabites_85","bayareabites_86","bayareabites_69","bayareabites_58"],"label":"bayareabites"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. 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Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/possible-5gxfizEbKOJ-pbF5ASgxrs_.1400x1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ATC_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. 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And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/powerpress/1440_0017_BayCurious_iTunesTile_01.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/10/BBC_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/CodeSwitchLifeKit_StationGraphics_300x300EmailGraphic.png","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2019/07/commonwealthclub.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Consider-This_3000_V3-copy-scaled-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile-1.gif","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/10/FreshAir_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. 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No other part of the globe has experienced such dynamic political and social change in recent years.","airtime":"SAT 3am-4am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/insideEurope.jpg","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Deutsche Welle"},"link":"/radio/program/inside-europe","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/inside-europe/id80106806?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Inside-Europe-p731/","rss":"https://partner.dw.com/xml/podcast_inside-europe"}},"latino-usa":{"id":"latino-usa","title":"Latino USA","airtime":"MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm","info":"Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://latinousa.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/latino-usa","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"}},"live-from-here-highlights":{"id":"live-from-here-highlights","title":"Live from Here Highlights","info":"Chris Thile steps to the mic as the host of Live from Here (formerly A Prairie Home Companion), a live public radio variety show. 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We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/mindshift2021-tile-3000x3000-1-scaled-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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