The Taste Of Wine Isn't All In Your Head, But Your Brain Sure Helps
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While she cooks part-time healthy, organic meals for busy families, she is also a contributing editor of j. weekly, the Bay Area’s Jewish newspaper, in which she has a monthly food column. Her food writing can also be found on Berkeleyside’s NOSH and in Edible East Bay. In addition to food, she loves writing about how couples met and fell in love, which she does for The San Francisco Chronicle’s Style section and j. weekly. In 2016, she founded The Illuminoshi: The Not-So-Secret Society of Bay Area Jewish Food Professionals. She is also writer/producer for a documentary-in-progress called \u003ca href=\"https://www.lonelychildmovie.com/\">The Lonely Child\u003c/a>. Follow Alix on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/WallAlix\">@WallAlix\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/421a27f26a185be932f8d567b499b1f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Alix Wall | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/421a27f26a185be932f8d567b499b1f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/421a27f26a185be932f8d567b499b1f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/alexandrawall"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"arts","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"bayareabites_116520":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_116520","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"116520","score":null,"sort":[1491259268000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-taste-of-wine-isnt-all-in-your-head-but-your-brain-sure-helps","title":"The Taste Of Wine Isn't All In Your Head, But Your Brain Sure Helps","publishDate":1491259268,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>What do listening to music, hitting a baseball and solving a complex math problem have in common? They all activate \u003cem>less\u003c/em> gray matter than drinking wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Yale neuroscientist Gordon Shepherd, the flavor of wine \"engages more of our brain than any other human behavior.\" The apparently simple act of sipping Merlot involves a complex interplay of air and liquid controlled by coordinated movements of the the tongue, jaw, diaphragm and throat. Inside the mouth, molecules in wine stimulate thousands of taste and odor receptors, sending a flavor signal to the brain that triggers massive cognitive computation involving pattern recognition, memory, value judgment, emotion and of course, pleasure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whereas most wine writers tend to focus on the various elements that go into the wine itself — the grape, the oak, terroir, the winemaker — Shepherd's subject is the drinker. He explores biomechanics, physiology and neuroscience to describe a journey that begins as wine passes the lips and ends with a lingering \"finish\" that can last for minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_116526\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/books/titles/521820145/neuroenology-how-the-brain-creates-the-taste-of-wine\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/9780231177009_custom-631b6fcea5673e831800a02a6d11e9a6348aa71b-s400-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Neuroenology How the Brain Creates the Taste of Wine by Gordon M. Shepherd\" width=\"400\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-full wp-image-116526\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/9780231177009_custom-631b6fcea5673e831800a02a6d11e9a6348aa71b-s400-c85.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/9780231177009_custom-631b6fcea5673e831800a02a6d11e9a6348aa71b-s400-c85-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/9780231177009_custom-631b6fcea5673e831800a02a6d11e9a6348aa71b-s400-c85-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/9780231177009_custom-631b6fcea5673e831800a02a6d11e9a6348aa71b-s400-c85-375x563.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Neuroenology\u003cbr>How the Brain Creates the Taste of Wine\u003cbr>by Gordon M. Shepherd\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you've ever wondered how many muscles there are in the tongue (eight), if a high-fat diet can affect the perception of wine (it can), or if it's possible to experience the full flavor of a wine that's been spat out (it is not), Shepherd has answers — extraordinarily detailed, scientifically rigorous answers. I spoke to Shepherd about his new book, \u003cem>Neuroenology: How the Brain Creates the Taste of Wine.\u003c/em> Our interview has been condensed and edited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The subtitle of your book is \"How the Brain Creates the Taste of Wine.\" Can you explain what that means?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analogy one can use is color. The objects we see don't have color themselves — light hits them and bounces off. It's when light strikes our eyes that it activates systems in the brain that create color from those different wavelengths. Similarly, the molecules in wine don't have taste or flavor, but when they stimulate our brains, the brain creates flavor the same way it creates color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Chapter one is on fluid dynamics, a subject you almost never hear mentioned by wine connoisseurs. How does fluid dynamics inform our understanding of wine?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don't just put wine in your mouth and leave it there. You move it about and then swallow it, which is a very complex motor act. If you search on YouTube for anyone doing serious wine tasting, they are working it with their mouths. It's a very active process. So to understand the physiology of tasting wine, it's necessary to give people a whole new context of how wine sensing and wine tasting takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You talk about a \"hidden force\" in wine tasting. What is it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you sniff wine in the glass, you appreciate the bouquet. That's called \"orthonasal\" smell — the external smelling we're all familiar with. But what most people are unaware of is that when you take wine in your mouth and experience the flavor, most of that flavor is due to a kind of internal smelling. The air comes in from the throat, not your nostrils. That's called \"retronasal\" smell. The molecules are carried to the same receptor cells in the nose, but from the opposite direction. This is very important when it comes to wine flavor. An example is the famous jelly bean test. If you put a jelly bean in your mouth and plug your nose and sense it with your tongue, all you sense is sweet from the sugar. But if you then unplug your nose, suddenly you're flooded with the full flavor experience, and it's because you're smelling through the back of your nose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One thing you write about that I've never read elsewhere is the effect saliva has on wine.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our bodies produce saliva all the time, and saliva has stuff in it — stuff that both dilutes the wine and interacts with it. So as soon as the wine enters your mouth, it immediately begins to change. For example, saliva contains enzymes that break down the molecules in the wine to create compounds that effervesce into the air to stimulate the smell receptors in your nose. This produces new compounds that were not originally in the wine — they were created by this interaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The amount of saliva a person produces can affect their perception of wine. So can things like age, gender, or even the amount of acetone — a byproduct of energy metabolism — in a person's breath.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the time of day. And whether or not they're depressed. If we're talking about smell, we have about 350 different kinds of olfactory receptors. They are not the same between individuals — yours will be different than mine. And they're not always the same over the course of months or years. As the cells turn over, they can change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Given all these subjective variables, and the fact that the brain \"creates\" the taste of wine, is it possible for two people to experience the same wine in the same way?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is still a commonality. We all know it's a liquid, after all. We all know it comes from fruit. We all know it contains alcohol. And we all have saliva that is more or less the same. So probably 90 percent is the same and 10 percent is different. That's part of the pleasure of wine —comparing your pleasure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does your research suggest wine drinkers are doing anything wrong?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within a few sips or drinks, people are just downing the stuff. There needs to be more to it than that. If you take too large a sip, you've saturated your system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is expensive stemware worth it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My wife and I have a sit-down meal every night. We used to use modest stemware, but we would occasionally knock it over and it would break, so now we use plain water glasses. But if we're having a proper sort of dinner, we use some kind of glass with a bowl so you can capture the aroma. Just fill the bottom few cubic centimeters, because if you fill up a glass you don't get much aroma. The reason for having a large bowl is that it amplifies the headspace for sniffing in the bouquet and you take small sips. But once you understand the flow dynamics that I describe, you can make your own choice as to how important the glass will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I will end with what may be the most enduring question in science. What's the best value in wine for under $20?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For table wine, we stick to around $10 or $12 per bottle, and it's a fun challenge to find a wine in that range. I don't want to mention any names, because that would give someone a commercial advantage. For more interesting wines, we like Sancerre\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>because it seems to have an edge to it. [\u003cem>Editor's note: Sancerre is a designated wine district in the eastern Loire Valley known mostly for wines made from Sauvignon Blanc.\u003c/em>] One of the reasons I prefer European wines is they have a slightly lower alcoholic content. There is research that shows people prefer wines with less alcohol. This is important, because global warming is driving alcohol content up, not down.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Mark Schatzker is the author of \u003c/em>The Dorito Effect: The Surprising New Truth About Food and Flavor. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Savoring the flavor of wine activates more gray matter than solving a complex math problem, according to neuroscientist Gordon Shepherd. His new book, \u003cem>Neurenology, \u003c/em>explores your brain on wine.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1491259268,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":26,"wordCount":1269},"headData":{"title":"The Taste Of Wine Isn't All In Your Head, But Your Brain Sure Helps | KQED","description":"Savoring the flavor of wine activates more gray matter than solving a complex math problem, according to neuroscientist Gordon Shepherd. His new book, Neurenology, explores your brain on wine.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"116520 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=116520","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/04/03/the-taste-of-wine-isnt-all-in-your-head-but-your-brain-sure-helps/","disqusTitle":"The Taste Of Wine Isn't All In Your Head, But Your Brain Sure Helps","nprByline":"Mark Schatzker, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/nprfood/\">NPR Food\u003c/a>","nprImageAgency":"Alex Reynolds/NPR","nprStoryId":"521415892","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=521415892&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/04/03/521415892/the-taste-of-wine-isnt-all-in-your-head-but-your-brain-sure-helps?ft=nprml&f=521415892","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 03 Apr 2017 15:17:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 03 Apr 2017 15:13:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 03 Apr 2017 15:17:01 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/116520/the-taste-of-wine-isnt-all-in-your-head-but-your-brain-sure-helps","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>What do listening to music, hitting a baseball and solving a complex math problem have in common? They all activate \u003cem>less\u003c/em> gray matter than drinking wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Yale neuroscientist Gordon Shepherd, the flavor of wine \"engages more of our brain than any other human behavior.\" The apparently simple act of sipping Merlot involves a complex interplay of air and liquid controlled by coordinated movements of the the tongue, jaw, diaphragm and throat. Inside the mouth, molecules in wine stimulate thousands of taste and odor receptors, sending a flavor signal to the brain that triggers massive cognitive computation involving pattern recognition, memory, value judgment, emotion and of course, pleasure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whereas most wine writers tend to focus on the various elements that go into the wine itself — the grape, the oak, terroir, the winemaker — Shepherd's subject is the drinker. He explores biomechanics, physiology and neuroscience to describe a journey that begins as wine passes the lips and ends with a lingering \"finish\" that can last for minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_116526\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/books/titles/521820145/neuroenology-how-the-brain-creates-the-taste-of-wine\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/9780231177009_custom-631b6fcea5673e831800a02a6d11e9a6348aa71b-s400-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Neuroenology How the Brain Creates the Taste of Wine by Gordon M. Shepherd\" width=\"400\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-full wp-image-116526\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/9780231177009_custom-631b6fcea5673e831800a02a6d11e9a6348aa71b-s400-c85.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/9780231177009_custom-631b6fcea5673e831800a02a6d11e9a6348aa71b-s400-c85-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/9780231177009_custom-631b6fcea5673e831800a02a6d11e9a6348aa71b-s400-c85-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/9780231177009_custom-631b6fcea5673e831800a02a6d11e9a6348aa71b-s400-c85-375x563.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Neuroenology\u003cbr>How the Brain Creates the Taste of Wine\u003cbr>by Gordon M. Shepherd\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you've ever wondered how many muscles there are in the tongue (eight), if a high-fat diet can affect the perception of wine (it can), or if it's possible to experience the full flavor of a wine that's been spat out (it is not), Shepherd has answers — extraordinarily detailed, scientifically rigorous answers. I spoke to Shepherd about his new book, \u003cem>Neuroenology: How the Brain Creates the Taste of Wine.\u003c/em> Our interview has been condensed and edited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The subtitle of your book is \"How the Brain Creates the Taste of Wine.\" Can you explain what that means?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analogy one can use is color. The objects we see don't have color themselves — light hits them and bounces off. It's when light strikes our eyes that it activates systems in the brain that create color from those different wavelengths. Similarly, the molecules in wine don't have taste or flavor, but when they stimulate our brains, the brain creates flavor the same way it creates color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Chapter one is on fluid dynamics, a subject you almost never hear mentioned by wine connoisseurs. How does fluid dynamics inform our understanding of wine?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don't just put wine in your mouth and leave it there. You move it about and then swallow it, which is a very complex motor act. If you search on YouTube for anyone doing serious wine tasting, they are working it with their mouths. It's a very active process. So to understand the physiology of tasting wine, it's necessary to give people a whole new context of how wine sensing and wine tasting takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You talk about a \"hidden force\" in wine tasting. What is it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you sniff wine in the glass, you appreciate the bouquet. That's called \"orthonasal\" smell — the external smelling we're all familiar with. But what most people are unaware of is that when you take wine in your mouth and experience the flavor, most of that flavor is due to a kind of internal smelling. The air comes in from the throat, not your nostrils. That's called \"retronasal\" smell. The molecules are carried to the same receptor cells in the nose, but from the opposite direction. This is very important when it comes to wine flavor. An example is the famous jelly bean test. If you put a jelly bean in your mouth and plug your nose and sense it with your tongue, all you sense is sweet from the sugar. But if you then unplug your nose, suddenly you're flooded with the full flavor experience, and it's because you're smelling through the back of your nose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One thing you write about that I've never read elsewhere is the effect saliva has on wine.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our bodies produce saliva all the time, and saliva has stuff in it — stuff that both dilutes the wine and interacts with it. So as soon as the wine enters your mouth, it immediately begins to change. For example, saliva contains enzymes that break down the molecules in the wine to create compounds that effervesce into the air to stimulate the smell receptors in your nose. This produces new compounds that were not originally in the wine — they were created by this interaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The amount of saliva a person produces can affect their perception of wine. So can things like age, gender, or even the amount of acetone — a byproduct of energy metabolism — in a person's breath.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the time of day. And whether or not they're depressed. If we're talking about smell, we have about 350 different kinds of olfactory receptors. They are not the same between individuals — yours will be different than mine. And they're not always the same over the course of months or years. As the cells turn over, they can change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Given all these subjective variables, and the fact that the brain \"creates\" the taste of wine, is it possible for two people to experience the same wine in the same way?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is still a commonality. We all know it's a liquid, after all. We all know it comes from fruit. We all know it contains alcohol. And we all have saliva that is more or less the same. So probably 90 percent is the same and 10 percent is different. That's part of the pleasure of wine —comparing your pleasure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does your research suggest wine drinkers are doing anything wrong?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within a few sips or drinks, people are just downing the stuff. There needs to be more to it than that. If you take too large a sip, you've saturated your system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is expensive stemware worth it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My wife and I have a sit-down meal every night. We used to use modest stemware, but we would occasionally knock it over and it would break, so now we use plain water glasses. But if we're having a proper sort of dinner, we use some kind of glass with a bowl so you can capture the aroma. Just fill the bottom few cubic centimeters, because if you fill up a glass you don't get much aroma. The reason for having a large bowl is that it amplifies the headspace for sniffing in the bouquet and you take small sips. But once you understand the flow dynamics that I describe, you can make your own choice as to how important the glass will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I will end with what may be the most enduring question in science. What's the best value in wine for under $20?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For table wine, we stick to around $10 or $12 per bottle, and it's a fun challenge to find a wine in that range. I don't want to mention any names, because that would give someone a commercial advantage. For more interesting wines, we like Sancerre\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>because it seems to have an edge to it. [\u003cem>Editor's note: Sancerre is a designated wine district in the eastern Loire Valley known mostly for wines made from Sauvignon Blanc.\u003c/em>] One of the reasons I prefer European wines is they have a slightly lower alcoholic content. There is research that shows people prefer wines with less alcohol. This is important, because global warming is driving alcohol content up, not down.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Mark Schatzker is the author of \u003c/em>The Dorito Effect: The Surprising New Truth About Food and Flavor. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/116520/the-taste-of-wine-isnt-all-in-your-head-but-your-brain-sure-helps","authors":["byline_bayareabites_116520"],"categories":["bayareabites_13306","bayareabites_2254","bayareabites_11028","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_358","bayareabites_119"],"tags":["bayareabites_12709","bayareabites_15809","bayareabites_14748"],"featImg":"bayareabites_116521","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_92960":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_92960","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"92960","score":null,"sort":[1423536292000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"this-is-your-brain-on-food-cancer-fighting-cookbook-author-investigates-foods-that-help-brain-function","title":"'This is Your Brain on Food': Cancer-Fighting Cookbook Author Investigates Foods That Help Brain Function","publishDate":1423536292,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000.jpg\" alt=\"The Healthy Mind Cookbook. by Rebecca Katz\" width=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-93040\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000-400x538.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000-800x1076.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000-768x1033.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000-320x430.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first glance, a lentil is just a lentil, right? Looking somewhat like a pebble, a lentil is a cheap source of protein, sure. But how about viewing the legume as a teeny microprocessor for the brain?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s how \u003ca href=\"http://rebeccakatz.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Rebecca Katz\u003c/a>, author of the newly published \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-Big-Flavor/dp/1607742977\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>The Healthy Mind Cookbook\u003c/em>\u003c/a> with co-author Mat Edelson (Ten Speed Press) sees the lowly legume. After talking to Katz, it’s impossible to look at foods like lentils in the same light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Lentils are teeny little nano-bots that get no respect, yet they are so important for focus and memory and learning,” Katz told Bay Area Bites. “They’re full of B vitamins like folate and B9, which keep our mind sharp and B6, which gives us focus and energy. They’re also a great source of iron and zinc, which is great for memory boosting, and from a culinary perspective, they’re the easiest of legumes to prepare, since you don’t have to soak them. You just rinse and shake them in strainer like maracas.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Such enthusiasm about the healing properties of food is a given for Katz, author of two cookbooks for cancer patients, \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/One-Bite-Time-Nourishing-Survivors/dp/1587612194/ref=la_B001JRZ5QC_1_4?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1423295060&sr=1-4\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>One Bite at a Time\u003c/em>\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Cancer-Fighting-Kitchen-Nourishing-Big-Flavor-Treatment/dp/1587613441/ref=la_B001JRZ5QC_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1423295015&sr=1-1\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>The Cancer Fighting Kitchen\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, as well as her last one, \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Longevity-Kitchen-Satisfying-Big-Flavor-Age-Busting/dp/1607742942/ref=la_B001JRZ5QC_1_3?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1423295116&sr=1-3\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>The Longevity Kitchen\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93037\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/AUTHOR-PHOTO-Rebecca-Katz.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/AUTHOR-PHOTO-Rebecca-Katz.jpg\" alt=\"Author Rebecca Katz\" width=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93037\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/AUTHOR-PHOTO-Rebecca-Katz.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/AUTHOR-PHOTO-Rebecca-Katz-400x602.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/AUTHOR-PHOTO-Rebecca-Katz-320x482.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Author Rebecca Katz\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Katz, who lives in San Rafael, is founding director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.commonweal.org/program/healing-kitchens-institute/\" target=\"_blank\">Healing Kitchens Institute\u003c/a> at Commonweal in Bolinas, and executive chef of the annual Food as Medicine training program sponsored by \u003ca href=\"http://cmbm.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The Center for Mind-Body Medicine\u003c/a> at Georgetown Medical School. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already a graduate of New York’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.naturalgourmetinstitute.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Natural Gourmet Institute\u003c/a>, her interest in the healing properties of food began when she was cooking for her father when he was undergoing cancer treatment. She realized there was no guidance as to how to cook for people whose taste buds might be compromised, or might otherwise not feel like eating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she touched on science about the brain in her last book, she discovered the research in this field is so new, that there was much more to explore, especially in light of the fact that her father died recently of dementia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was hard for me, knowing what I know about the world of epigenetics, and that genetics are not necessarily our destiny,” said Katz. “But what am I going to do, knowing what I know, to possibly prevent the same thing from happening to me? Of course, there are no guarantees, but I felt that I couldn’t ignore it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in addition to that, there was another reason the brain interested her. “We’re living in a crazy world, where on a day-to-day basis, our brain is being tapped to the max,” she said. “Our brains are being asked to do a lot more than ever before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003cem>The Healthy Mind Cookbook\u003c/em> is chock-full of healthy yet delicious sounding, mostly gluten-free recipes made from whole foods just as we’ve come to expect from Katz, the introduction offers a lot of the scientific information about how certain foods affect the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of it may already sound familiar, especially to those of us who take fish oil to ensure we get our Omega-3 fatty acids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“For decades, scientists believed that the adult brain was incapable of adding new brain cells or neurons,” she said. “But now they’ve learned not only that new cells can be produced, but where they’re being produced. The hippocampus is connected with learning, and one thing we can do to supercharge that process is consume Omega-3s.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Eating a diet high in Omega-3s is like doing “yoga for the brain,” said Katz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides taking supplements to get those fatty acids, Katz recommends nuts and seeds, broccoli and citrus. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as if we needed another reason to eat dark leafy greens, Katz had one at the ready: \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylation\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>methylation\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“When you have a deficiency in B vitamins, that can break down the methylation pathway, which means you don’t have the proper tools to express or repair DNA, which can manifest in a whole host of mental issues like depression, pediatric cognitive dysfunction, dementia or stroke,” she said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So if they’re not your favorite vegetable, picture them as Katz does: like “little vacuum cleaners, going in and getting rid of the debris.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you may want to try eating them in her \u003cstrong>Triple Greens Frittata\u003c/strong> \u003cem>(see recipe below)\u003c/em>, which I tried and found to be an excellent way to get probably more than one serving of greens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katz also talks about the mind-gut connection, going as far as to call the intestines a “second brain.” By that, she says that if one is stressed out while eating, it can cause digestive problems, which then affects the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent that? “Before you eat, take a moment and a few deep breaths,” she said, “It’s as simple as that. Also, everyone should be mindful before they eat, to be able to engage in proper digestion which leads to proper absorption of the vitamins and minerals, meaning they will then get to the brain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she did in \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1607742942/ref=pd_lpo_sbs_dp_ss_1?pf_rd_p=1944687502&pf_rd_s=lpo-top-stripe-1&pf_rd_t=201&pf_rd_i=1607742977&pf_rd_m=ATVPDKIKX0DER&pf_rd_r=1K6T3P06ATP2MWTYY8FE\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>The Longevity Kitchen\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Katz includes a chapter called “The Culinary Pharmacy,” which lists in easily readable form, all of her favorite ingredients and how they boost brain activity. A few of her favorites:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Lentils:\u003c/strong> She’s still pushing the lentils, especially as they appear in her \u003cstrong>Cozy Lentil Soup\u003c/strong> \u003cem>(see recipe below)\u003c/em>, a lentil, kale and squash soup with warming spices (that I already tried and found delicious).\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cstrong>Mint and Parsley:\u003c/strong> “It’s like eating oxygen, they’re loaded with this really powerful flavonoid called \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luteolin\" target=\"_blank\">luteolin\u003c/a>, which is linked with improvements in memory and learning skills,” she said. “Plus when you smell mint and parsley, it has this smell, almost like the blinds going up. They boost your alertness.” She says to not think of them only as garnishes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cstrong>Pumpkin Seeds:\u003c/strong> Calling them “mini anti-depressants,” Katz says they are loaded with zinc, especially good since there’s a lot of zinc deficiency in a Western diet. “They not only increase memory but they keep depression at bay. They’re a good source of iron and also have what I call the trifecta: zinc, potassium and magnesium, so if you’re having a bad day and your boss is screaming at you, and your kids are screaming at you, or you fall in a mud puddle, you want pumpkin seeds in your pocket, in your desk drawer, or in your purse, because they really are calming.” Katz recommends toasting them, and adding them to salads for extra crunch.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Avocados:\u003c/strong> A good fat, avocados are high in \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione\" target=\"_blank\">glutathione\u003c/a>, which help improve brain performance, prevent cognitive decline and ward off depression. “They’re one of the healthiest fats out there,” says Katz. “And because they have that fabulous texture, it’s another food that you don’t have to be a culinary genius to know what to do with. Slice it in half, put lemon or lime juice on it and a sprinkling of salt.” Katz also loves it for its versatility; it can go in salads, on sandwiches, be blended for a salad dressing, or turned into a spread. “It’s also a satiating food because it’s a fat,” she says.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The Cruciferous Family:\u003c/strong> cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage. Katz says, “They are all “fabulous brain foods because they aid in methylation.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cinnamon:\u003c/strong> Not only does this spice help with blood sugar regularization, but it helps with focus and memory. “Cinnamon delivers so much anti-inflammatory benefits and you don’t need a lot, so it’s worth incorporating at least 1/2 teaspoon a day,” she says. Try sprinkling it into your coffee, or on your porridge.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Chocolate:\u003c/strong> And perhaps to the relief of many, chocolate is on the list, too. “It’s a mood enhancer,” said Katz. “I recommend seventy percent cacao and above, the darker the better, as it’s higher in antioxidants. Let’s face it, you need something sweet in your life and chocolate is definitely on my list.” While Katz often mixes chocolate with fruit for the book’s desserts, she recommends that everyone keep some around, because “everyone needs their mood to be enhanced sometimes.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Event:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nRebecca Katz will be speaking about \u003cem>The Healthy Mind Cookbook\u003c/em> at \u003ca href=\"http://www.omnivorebooks.com/events.html\" target=\"_blank\">Omnivore Books\u003c/a> in S.F. Wed, February 11 at 6:30-7:30pm.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recipes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Recipes reprinted with permission from The Healthy Mind Cookbook by Rebecca Katz, copyright (c) 2015. Published by Ten Speed Press, a division of Penguin Random House, Inc. Photography (c) 2015 by Maren Caruso.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93038\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000.jpg\" alt=\"Cozy Lentil Soup with Delicata Squash. Photo: Maren Caruso\" width=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93038\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000-400x534.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000-800x1068.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000-768x1025.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000-320x427.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cozy Lentil Soup with Delicata Squash. Photo: Maren Caruso\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Cozy Lentil Soup with Delicata Squash\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>MAKES 6 SERVINGS • PREP TIME: 20 minutes • COOK TIME: 35 minutes\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley has promised us that, someday, little nanobots will act like tiny microprocessors in our brains, helping to make us smarter. I say, Why wait? We already have a teensy food that does that. It’s the lentil, the vegetable kingdom’s version of a Lilliputian flying saucer. Lentils, ounce for ounce, pack an amazing amount of brain boosters, such as iron (essential to the function of myelin, which is involved in quick information gathering). From a culinary viewpoint, it’s a myth that you have to soak lentils overnight; just a quick rinse will do. With a host of spices, cubed delicata squash, and thinly sliced kale, this is my go-to soup when I’m working hard and need to process a lot of information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 yellow onion, diced small\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sea salt\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 carrots, peeled and diced small\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 celery stalks, diced small\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 medium delicata squash, peeled, seeded, and cut into 1/2-inch cubes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 teaspoon curry powder\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 teaspoon ground cumin\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 teaspoon ground turmeric\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 teaspoon ground coriander\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pinch of red pepper flakes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 cup dried green lentils, rinsed well\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>8 cups store-bought organic vegetable broth\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 cup tightly packed, stemmed, and thinly sliced kale\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003col>\n\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>Heat the olive oil in a Dutch oven or heavy soup pot over medium heat. Add the onion and a pinch of salt and sauté until translucent, about 4 minutes. Add the carrots, celery, delicata squash, and another pinch of salt and sauté until all of the vegetables are just tender, about 5 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add the curry powder, cumin, turmeric, coriander, cinnamon, 1/4 teaspoon of salt, and red pepper flakes and give a stir. Add the lentils and stir to coat. Pour in 1/2 cup of the broth to deglaze the pot, stirring to loosen any bits stuck to the pot, and cook until the liquid is reduced by half. Add the rest of the broth. Increase the heat to high and bring to a boil. Decrease the heat to low, cover, and simmer until the lentils are tender, about 20 to 25 minutes. Taste; you may want to add a pinch of salt. Stir in the kale and cook until it’s tender, about 3 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>VARIATION:\u003c/strong> Substitute fennel, which is a good digestive aid, for the celery to add more depth to the flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>COOK’S NOTE:\u003c/strong> If you have trouble finding delicata squash, use its cousin, butternut squash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>PER SERVING:\u003c/strong> Calories: 224; Total Fat: 6 g (1 g saturated, 4 g monoun-saturated); Carbohydrates: 37 g; Protein: 9 g; Fiber: 10 g; Sodium: 329 mg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>STORAGE:\u003c/strong> Store in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to 5 days or in the freezer for up to 2 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93039\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000.jpg\" alt=\"Triple Greens Frittata. Photo: Maren Caruso\" width=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93039\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000-400x534.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000-768x1025.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000-320x427.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Triple Greens Frittata. Photo: Maren Caruso\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Triple Greens Frittata \u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>MAKES 6 SERVINGS • PREP TIME: 15 minutes • COOK TIME: 40 minutes\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A frittata is an Italian omelet but, unlike the French version, you don’t have to figure out how to do that funky half-flip with the eggs in the pan. Frittatas bake, and in Italy they’re often eaten at room temperature: they really are a good on-the-go food. The eggs are also a great binder for the greens, which include kale, chard, and spinach. Add some red bell pepper, marjoram, thyme, and feta, and you’ve got a super protein hit for lunch on the go—just the thing to keep your brain working optimally throughout the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 cup diced red bell pepper Sea salt\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 cloves garlic, minced Pinch of red pepper flakes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 cup tightly packed, finely chopped kale\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 cups tightly packed, finely chopped chard\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 cups tightly packed, finely chopped spinach\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Freshly grated nutmeg\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>10 organic eggs\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 scallions, minced\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 tablespoons chopped fresh marjoram\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 tablespoon chopped fresh thyme\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 ounces crumbled feta\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003col>\n\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>Preheat the oven to 375°F. Lightly oil a 6 by 8-inch baking dish.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Heat the oil in a large skillet over medium heat. When it’s shimmering, add the bell pepper and a pinch of salt and sauté for 3 minutes. Add the garlic and red pepper flakes and sauté until fragrant, another 30 seconds or so. Stir in the kale and another pinch of salt and continue to sauté for 5 minutes. Add the chard and spinach, and one more pinch of salt, sautéing until the greens are wilted and tender, about 5 minutes more. Remove from the heat and add a few gratings of nutmeg, stirring to combine.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Whisk the eggs, scallions, marjoram, thyme, 1/2 teaspoon of salt, and the pepper together in a large bowl. Lay the cooked greens along the bottom of the prepared dish and top them with the crumbled feta. Pour the egg mixture over and bake until the eggs are just set, 25 to 30 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>PER SERVING:\u003c/strong> Calories: 169; Total Fat: 12 g (3.5 g saturated, 6.5 g monounsaturated); Carbohydrates: 6.5 g; Protein: 8g; Fiber: 1 g; Sodium: 388 mg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>STORAGE:\u003c/strong> Store, tightly wrapped, in the refrigerator for up to 2 days.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Commonweal's Rebecca Katz is back with another cookbook, this time delving into what foods help keep our brain healthy and functioning in \"The Healthy Mind Cookbook.\"","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1423537482,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":36,"wordCount":2459},"headData":{"title":"'This is Your Brain on Food': Cancer-Fighting Cookbook Author Investigates Foods That Help Brain Function | KQED","description":"Commonweal's Rebecca Katz is back with another cookbook, this time delving into what foods help keep our brain healthy and functioning in "The Healthy Mind Cookbook."","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"92960 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=92960","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/02/09/this-is-your-brain-on-food-cancer-fighting-cookbook-author-investigates-foods-that-help-brain-function/","disqusTitle":"'This is Your Brain on Food': Cancer-Fighting Cookbook Author Investigates Foods That Help Brain Function","path":"/bayareabites/92960/this-is-your-brain-on-food-cancer-fighting-cookbook-author-investigates-foods-that-help-brain-function","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000.jpg\" alt=\"The Healthy Mind Cookbook. by Rebecca Katz\" width=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-93040\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000-400x538.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000-800x1076.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000-768x1033.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-CVR1000-320x430.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first glance, a lentil is just a lentil, right? Looking somewhat like a pebble, a lentil is a cheap source of protein, sure. But how about viewing the legume as a teeny microprocessor for the brain?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s how \u003ca href=\"http://rebeccakatz.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Rebecca Katz\u003c/a>, author of the newly published \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/The-Healthy-Mind-Cookbook-Big-Flavor/dp/1607742977\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>The Healthy Mind Cookbook\u003c/em>\u003c/a> with co-author Mat Edelson (Ten Speed Press) sees the lowly legume. After talking to Katz, it’s impossible to look at foods like lentils in the same light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Lentils are teeny little nano-bots that get no respect, yet they are so important for focus and memory and learning,” Katz told Bay Area Bites. “They’re full of B vitamins like folate and B9, which keep our mind sharp and B6, which gives us focus and energy. They’re also a great source of iron and zinc, which is great for memory boosting, and from a culinary perspective, they’re the easiest of legumes to prepare, since you don’t have to soak them. You just rinse and shake them in strainer like maracas.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Such enthusiasm about the healing properties of food is a given for Katz, author of two cookbooks for cancer patients, \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/One-Bite-Time-Nourishing-Survivors/dp/1587612194/ref=la_B001JRZ5QC_1_4?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1423295060&sr=1-4\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>One Bite at a Time\u003c/em>\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Cancer-Fighting-Kitchen-Nourishing-Big-Flavor-Treatment/dp/1587613441/ref=la_B001JRZ5QC_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1423295015&sr=1-1\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>The Cancer Fighting Kitchen\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, as well as her last one, \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Longevity-Kitchen-Satisfying-Big-Flavor-Age-Busting/dp/1607742942/ref=la_B001JRZ5QC_1_3?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1423295116&sr=1-3\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>The Longevity Kitchen\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93037\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/AUTHOR-PHOTO-Rebecca-Katz.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/AUTHOR-PHOTO-Rebecca-Katz.jpg\" alt=\"Author Rebecca Katz\" width=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93037\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/AUTHOR-PHOTO-Rebecca-Katz.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/AUTHOR-PHOTO-Rebecca-Katz-400x602.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/AUTHOR-PHOTO-Rebecca-Katz-320x482.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Author Rebecca Katz\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Katz, who lives in San Rafael, is founding director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.commonweal.org/program/healing-kitchens-institute/\" target=\"_blank\">Healing Kitchens Institute\u003c/a> at Commonweal in Bolinas, and executive chef of the annual Food as Medicine training program sponsored by \u003ca href=\"http://cmbm.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The Center for Mind-Body Medicine\u003c/a> at Georgetown Medical School. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already a graduate of New York’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.naturalgourmetinstitute.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Natural Gourmet Institute\u003c/a>, her interest in the healing properties of food began when she was cooking for her father when he was undergoing cancer treatment. She realized there was no guidance as to how to cook for people whose taste buds might be compromised, or might otherwise not feel like eating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she touched on science about the brain in her last book, she discovered the research in this field is so new, that there was much more to explore, especially in light of the fact that her father died recently of dementia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was hard for me, knowing what I know about the world of epigenetics, and that genetics are not necessarily our destiny,” said Katz. “But what am I going to do, knowing what I know, to possibly prevent the same thing from happening to me? Of course, there are no guarantees, but I felt that I couldn’t ignore it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in addition to that, there was another reason the brain interested her. “We’re living in a crazy world, where on a day-to-day basis, our brain is being tapped to the max,” she said. “Our brains are being asked to do a lot more than ever before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003cem>The Healthy Mind Cookbook\u003c/em> is chock-full of healthy yet delicious sounding, mostly gluten-free recipes made from whole foods just as we’ve come to expect from Katz, the introduction offers a lot of the scientific information about how certain foods affect the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of it may already sound familiar, especially to those of us who take fish oil to ensure we get our Omega-3 fatty acids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“For decades, scientists believed that the adult brain was incapable of adding new brain cells or neurons,” she said. “But now they’ve learned not only that new cells can be produced, but where they’re being produced. The hippocampus is connected with learning, and one thing we can do to supercharge that process is consume Omega-3s.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Eating a diet high in Omega-3s is like doing “yoga for the brain,” said Katz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides taking supplements to get those fatty acids, Katz recommends nuts and seeds, broccoli and citrus. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as if we needed another reason to eat dark leafy greens, Katz had one at the ready: \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylation\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>methylation\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“When you have a deficiency in B vitamins, that can break down the methylation pathway, which means you don’t have the proper tools to express or repair DNA, which can manifest in a whole host of mental issues like depression, pediatric cognitive dysfunction, dementia or stroke,” she said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So if they’re not your favorite vegetable, picture them as Katz does: like “little vacuum cleaners, going in and getting rid of the debris.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you may want to try eating them in her \u003cstrong>Triple Greens Frittata\u003c/strong> \u003cem>(see recipe below)\u003c/em>, which I tried and found to be an excellent way to get probably more than one serving of greens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katz also talks about the mind-gut connection, going as far as to call the intestines a “second brain.” By that, she says that if one is stressed out while eating, it can cause digestive problems, which then affects the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent that? “Before you eat, take a moment and a few deep breaths,” she said, “It’s as simple as that. Also, everyone should be mindful before they eat, to be able to engage in proper digestion which leads to proper absorption of the vitamins and minerals, meaning they will then get to the brain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she did in \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1607742942/ref=pd_lpo_sbs_dp_ss_1?pf_rd_p=1944687502&pf_rd_s=lpo-top-stripe-1&pf_rd_t=201&pf_rd_i=1607742977&pf_rd_m=ATVPDKIKX0DER&pf_rd_r=1K6T3P06ATP2MWTYY8FE\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>The Longevity Kitchen\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Katz includes a chapter called “The Culinary Pharmacy,” which lists in easily readable form, all of her favorite ingredients and how they boost brain activity. A few of her favorites:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Lentils:\u003c/strong> She’s still pushing the lentils, especially as they appear in her \u003cstrong>Cozy Lentil Soup\u003c/strong> \u003cem>(see recipe below)\u003c/em>, a lentil, kale and squash soup with warming spices (that I already tried and found delicious).\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cstrong>Mint and Parsley:\u003c/strong> “It’s like eating oxygen, they’re loaded with this really powerful flavonoid called \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luteolin\" target=\"_blank\">luteolin\u003c/a>, which is linked with improvements in memory and learning skills,” she said. “Plus when you smell mint and parsley, it has this smell, almost like the blinds going up. They boost your alertness.” She says to not think of them only as garnishes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cstrong>Pumpkin Seeds:\u003c/strong> Calling them “mini anti-depressants,” Katz says they are loaded with zinc, especially good since there’s a lot of zinc deficiency in a Western diet. “They not only increase memory but they keep depression at bay. They’re a good source of iron and also have what I call the trifecta: zinc, potassium and magnesium, so if you’re having a bad day and your boss is screaming at you, and your kids are screaming at you, or you fall in a mud puddle, you want pumpkin seeds in your pocket, in your desk drawer, or in your purse, because they really are calming.” Katz recommends toasting them, and adding them to salads for extra crunch.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Avocados:\u003c/strong> A good fat, avocados are high in \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione\" target=\"_blank\">glutathione\u003c/a>, which help improve brain performance, prevent cognitive decline and ward off depression. “They’re one of the healthiest fats out there,” says Katz. “And because they have that fabulous texture, it’s another food that you don’t have to be a culinary genius to know what to do with. Slice it in half, put lemon or lime juice on it and a sprinkling of salt.” Katz also loves it for its versatility; it can go in salads, on sandwiches, be blended for a salad dressing, or turned into a spread. “It’s also a satiating food because it’s a fat,” she says.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The Cruciferous Family:\u003c/strong> cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage. Katz says, “They are all “fabulous brain foods because they aid in methylation.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cinnamon:\u003c/strong> Not only does this spice help with blood sugar regularization, but it helps with focus and memory. “Cinnamon delivers so much anti-inflammatory benefits and you don’t need a lot, so it’s worth incorporating at least 1/2 teaspoon a day,” she says. Try sprinkling it into your coffee, or on your porridge.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Chocolate:\u003c/strong> And perhaps to the relief of many, chocolate is on the list, too. “It’s a mood enhancer,” said Katz. “I recommend seventy percent cacao and above, the darker the better, as it’s higher in antioxidants. Let’s face it, you need something sweet in your life and chocolate is definitely on my list.” While Katz often mixes chocolate with fruit for the book’s desserts, she recommends that everyone keep some around, because “everyone needs their mood to be enhanced sometimes.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Event:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nRebecca Katz will be speaking about \u003cem>The Healthy Mind Cookbook\u003c/em> at \u003ca href=\"http://www.omnivorebooks.com/events.html\" target=\"_blank\">Omnivore Books\u003c/a> in S.F. Wed, February 11 at 6:30-7:30pm.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recipes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Recipes reprinted with permission from The Healthy Mind Cookbook by Rebecca Katz, copyright (c) 2015. Published by Ten Speed Press, a division of Penguin Random House, Inc. Photography (c) 2015 by Maren Caruso.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93038\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000.jpg\" alt=\"Cozy Lentil Soup with Delicata Squash. Photo: Maren Caruso\" width=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93038\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000-400x534.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000-800x1068.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000-768x1025.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/Cozy-Lentil-Soup1000-320x427.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cozy Lentil Soup with Delicata Squash. Photo: Maren Caruso\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Cozy Lentil Soup with Delicata Squash\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>MAKES 6 SERVINGS • PREP TIME: 20 minutes • COOK TIME: 35 minutes\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley has promised us that, someday, little nanobots will act like tiny microprocessors in our brains, helping to make us smarter. I say, Why wait? We already have a teensy food that does that. It’s the lentil, the vegetable kingdom’s version of a Lilliputian flying saucer. Lentils, ounce for ounce, pack an amazing amount of brain boosters, such as iron (essential to the function of myelin, which is involved in quick information gathering). From a culinary viewpoint, it’s a myth that you have to soak lentils overnight; just a quick rinse will do. With a host of spices, cubed delicata squash, and thinly sliced kale, this is my go-to soup when I’m working hard and need to process a lot of information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 yellow onion, diced small\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sea salt\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 carrots, peeled and diced small\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 celery stalks, diced small\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 medium delicata squash, peeled, seeded, and cut into 1/2-inch cubes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 teaspoon curry powder\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 teaspoon ground cumin\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 teaspoon ground turmeric\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 teaspoon ground coriander\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pinch of red pepper flakes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 cup dried green lentils, rinsed well\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>8 cups store-bought organic vegetable broth\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 cup tightly packed, stemmed, and thinly sliced kale\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003col>\n\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>Heat the olive oil in a Dutch oven or heavy soup pot over medium heat. Add the onion and a pinch of salt and sauté until translucent, about 4 minutes. Add the carrots, celery, delicata squash, and another pinch of salt and sauté until all of the vegetables are just tender, about 5 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Add the curry powder, cumin, turmeric, coriander, cinnamon, 1/4 teaspoon of salt, and red pepper flakes and give a stir. Add the lentils and stir to coat. Pour in 1/2 cup of the broth to deglaze the pot, stirring to loosen any bits stuck to the pot, and cook until the liquid is reduced by half. Add the rest of the broth. Increase the heat to high and bring to a boil. Decrease the heat to low, cover, and simmer until the lentils are tender, about 20 to 25 minutes. Taste; you may want to add a pinch of salt. Stir in the kale and cook until it’s tender, about 3 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>VARIATION:\u003c/strong> Substitute fennel, which is a good digestive aid, for the celery to add more depth to the flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>COOK’S NOTE:\u003c/strong> If you have trouble finding delicata squash, use its cousin, butternut squash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>PER SERVING:\u003c/strong> Calories: 224; Total Fat: 6 g (1 g saturated, 4 g monoun-saturated); Carbohydrates: 37 g; Protein: 9 g; Fiber: 10 g; Sodium: 329 mg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>STORAGE:\u003c/strong> Store in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to 5 days or in the freezer for up to 2 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93039\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000.jpg\" alt=\"Triple Greens Frittata. Photo: Maren Caruso\" width=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93039\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000-400x534.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000-768x1025.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/HMC_Triple-Green-Frittata1000-320x427.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Triple Greens Frittata. Photo: Maren Caruso\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Triple Greens Frittata \u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>MAKES 6 SERVINGS • PREP TIME: 15 minutes • COOK TIME: 40 minutes\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A frittata is an Italian omelet but, unlike the French version, you don’t have to figure out how to do that funky half-flip with the eggs in the pan. Frittatas bake, and in Italy they’re often eaten at room temperature: they really are a good on-the-go food. The eggs are also a great binder for the greens, which include kale, chard, and spinach. Add some red bell pepper, marjoram, thyme, and feta, and you’ve got a super protein hit for lunch on the go—just the thing to keep your brain working optimally throughout the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Ingredients:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/2 cup diced red bell pepper Sea salt\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 cloves garlic, minced Pinch of red pepper flakes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 cup tightly packed, finely chopped kale\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 cups tightly packed, finely chopped chard\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 cups tightly packed, finely chopped spinach\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Freshly grated nutmeg\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>10 organic eggs\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 scallions, minced\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 tablespoons chopped fresh marjoram\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1 tablespoon chopped fresh thyme\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2 ounces crumbled feta\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003col>\n\u003cstrong>Instructions:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>Preheat the oven to 375°F. Lightly oil a 6 by 8-inch baking dish.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Heat the oil in a large skillet over medium heat. When it’s shimmering, add the bell pepper and a pinch of salt and sauté for 3 minutes. Add the garlic and red pepper flakes and sauté until fragrant, another 30 seconds or so. Stir in the kale and another pinch of salt and continue to sauté for 5 minutes. Add the chard and spinach, and one more pinch of salt, sautéing until the greens are wilted and tender, about 5 minutes more. Remove from the heat and add a few gratings of nutmeg, stirring to combine.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Whisk the eggs, scallions, marjoram, thyme, 1/2 teaspoon of salt, and the pepper together in a large bowl. Lay the cooked greens along the bottom of the prepared dish and top them with the crumbled feta. Pour the egg mixture over and bake until the eggs are just set, 25 to 30 minutes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>PER SERVING:\u003c/strong> Calories: 169; Total Fat: 12 g (3.5 g saturated, 6.5 g monounsaturated); Carbohydrates: 6.5 g; Protein: 8g; Fiber: 1 g; Sodium: 388 mg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>STORAGE:\u003c/strong> Store, tightly wrapped, in the refrigerator for up to 2 days.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/92960/this-is-your-brain-on-food-cancer-fighting-cookbook-author-investigates-foods-that-help-brain-function","authors":["5567"],"categories":["bayareabites_109","bayareabites_2254","bayareabites_588","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_12869","bayareabites_12"],"tags":["bayareabites_12709","bayareabites_14136","bayareabites_11103","bayareabites_11345","bayareabites_11069"],"featImg":"bayareabites_93040","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_74045":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_74045","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"74045","score":null,"sort":[1384795992000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds","title":"Gut Bacteria Might Guide The Workings Of Our Minds","publishDate":1384795992,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74046\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1449px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/11/gutbrain-connectionfinal-208b660ef99fecde8bdfff90d65b564ff1c050bd.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/11/gutbrain-connectionfinal-208b660ef99fecde8bdfff90d65b564ff1c050bd.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration by Benjamin Arthur for NPR\" width=\"1449\" height=\"1086\" class=\"size-full wp-image-74046\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration by Benjamin Arthur for NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/11/18/244526773/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds\">Morning Edition\u003c/a> [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/11/20131118_me_05.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/146944972/rob-stein\">Rob Stein\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/11/18/244526773/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (11/18/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could the microbes that inhabit our guts help explain that old idea of \"gut feelings?\" There's growing evidence that gut bacteria really might influence our minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm always by profession a skeptic,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.uclahealth.org/body.cfm?xyzpdqabc=0&id=479&action=detail&ref=8408\">Dr. Emeran Mayer\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine and psychiatry at the University of California, Los Angeles. \"But I do believe that our gut microbes affect what goes on in our brains.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer thinks the bacteria in our digestive systems may help mold brain structure as we're growing up, and possibly influence our moods, behavior and feelings when we're adults. \"It opens up a completely new way of looking at brain function and health and disease,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Mayer is working on just that, doing MRI scans to look at the brains of thousands of volunteers and then comparing brain structure to the types of bacteria in their guts. He thinks he already has the first clues of a connection, from an analysis of about 60 volunteers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer found that the connections between brain regions differed depending on which species of bacteria dominated a person's gut. That suggests that the specific mix of microbes in our guts might help determine what kinds of brains we have — how our brain circuits develop and how they're wired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">\u003ciframe width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=244526773&mediaId=245227995\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Of course, this doesn't mean that the microbes are causing changes in brain structure, or in behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other researchers have been trying to figure out a possible connection by looking at gut microbes in mice. There they've found changes in both brain chemistry and behavior. One experiment involved replacing the gut bacteria of anxious mice with bacteria from fearless mice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The mice became less anxious, more gregarious,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/medicine/gastro/faculty-member_collins.htm\">Stephen Collins\u003c/a> of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, who led a team that conducted the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369527413000787\">research\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It worked the other way around, too — bold mice became timid when they got the microbes of anxious ones. And aggressive mice calmed down when the scientists altered their microbes by changing their diet, feeding them probiotics or dosing them with antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out what might be causing the behavior changes, Collins and his colleagues then measured brain chemistry in mice. They found changes in a part of the brain involved in emotion and mood, including increases in a chemical called \u003ca href=\"http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085%2811%2900607-X/abstract\">brain-derived neurotrophic factor\u003c/a>, which plays a role in learning and memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists also have been working on a really obvious question — how the gut microbes could \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v13/n10/abs/nrn3346.html\">talk to the brain\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big nerve known as the vagus nerve, which runs all the way from the brain to the abdomen, was a prime suspect. And when researchers in Ireland cut the vagus nerve in mice, they no longer saw the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/08/26/1102999108\">brain respond\u003c/a> to changes in the gut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The vagus nerve is the highway of communication between what's going on in the gut and what's going on in the brain,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://publish.ucc.ie/researchprofiles/C003/jcryan\">John Cryan\u003c/a> of the University College Cork in Ireland, who has collaborated with Collins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gut microbes may also communicate with the brain in other ways, scientists say, by modulating the immune system or by producing their own versions of neurotransmitters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm actually seeing new neurochemicals that have not been described before being produced by certain bacteria,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ttuhsc.edu/centers/aging/staff/marklyte.aspx\">Mark Lyte\u003c/a> of the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in Abilene, who studies how microbes affect the endocrine system. \"These bacteria are, in effect, mind-altering microorganisms.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This research raises the possibility that scientists could someday create drugs that mimic the signals being sent from the gut to the brain, or just give people the good bacteria — probiotics — to prevent or treat problems involving the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One group of scientists has tested mice that have behaviors similar to some of the symptoms of autism in humans. The idea is that the probiotics might correct problems the animals have with their gastrointestinal systems — problems that many autistic children also have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mice, many of their autism behaviors were no longer present or strongly ameliorated with probiotics, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbe.caltech.edu/content/paul-h-patterson\">Paul Patterson\u003c/a> at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Calif. His research will be published soon in the journal \u003cem>Cell\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experiments to test whether changing gut microbes in humans could affect the brain are only just beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One team of researchers in Baltimore is testing a probiotic to see if it can help prevent relapses of mania among patients suffering from bipolar disorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The idea is that these probiotic treatments may alter what we call the microbiome and then may contribute to an improvement of psychiatric symptoms,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.sheppardpratt.org/sp_htmlcode/sp_clinicians/sp_clini_detail.aspx?DID=165&LID=2\">Faith Dickerson\u003c/a>, director of psychology at the Sheppard Pratt Health System.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes perfect sense to me,\" says Leah, a study participant who has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. She agreed to talk with NPR if we agreed not to use her full name. \"Your brain is just another organ. It's definitely affected by what goes on in the rest of your body.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's far too soon to know whether the probiotic has any effect, but Leah suspects it might. \"I'm doing really well,\" she says. \"I'm about to graduate college, and I'm doing everything right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer also has been studying the effects of probiotics on the brain in humans. Along with his colleague Kirsten Tillisch, Mayer gave healthy women yogurt containing a probiotic and then scanned their brains. He found subtle signs that the brain circuits involved in anxiety were less reactive, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(13)00292-8/abstract\">paper\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>Gastroenterology\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mayer and others stress that a lot more work will be needed to know whether that probiotic — or any others — really could help people feel less anxious or help solve other problems involving the brain. He says, \"We're really in the early stages.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Anxious mice calm down when they get an infusion of gut microbes from mellow mice. That has scientists wondering if gut microbes play a role in the human brain, too. Research on that is only just beginning. But it's intriguing to think there could be a real truth to the phrase \"gut feelings.\"","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1384935918,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["http://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1014},"headData":{"title":"Gut Bacteria Might Guide The Workings Of Our Minds | KQED","description":"Anxious mice calm down when they get an infusion of gut microbes from mellow mice. That has scientists wondering if gut microbes play a role in the human brain, too. Research on that is only just beginning. But it's intriguing to think there could be a real truth to the phrase "gut feelings."","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"74045 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=74045","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/11/18/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds/","disqusTitle":"Gut Bacteria Might Guide The Workings Of Our Minds","nprByline":"Rob Stein","nprStoryId":"244526773","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=244526773&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/11/18/244526773/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds?ft=3&f=244526773","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 18 Nov 2013 11:58:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 18 Nov 2013 04:00:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 18 Nov 2013 11:58:49 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/11/20131118_me_05.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=218987212&ft=3&f=244526773","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1245913171-121dc2.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=218987212&ft=3&f=244526773","path":"/bayareabites/74045/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/11/20131118_me_05.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=218987212&ft=3&f=244526773","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_74046\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1449px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/11/gutbrain-connectionfinal-208b660ef99fecde8bdfff90d65b564ff1c050bd.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/11/gutbrain-connectionfinal-208b660ef99fecde8bdfff90d65b564ff1c050bd.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration by Benjamin Arthur for NPR\" width=\"1449\" height=\"1086\" class=\"size-full wp-image-74046\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration by Benjamin Arthur for NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/11/18/244526773/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds\">Morning Edition\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/11/20131118_me_05.mp3","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/146944972/rob-stein\">Rob Stein\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/11/18/244526773/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds\">Shots at NPR Health\u003c/a> (11/18/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could the microbes that inhabit our guts help explain that old idea of \"gut feelings?\" There's growing evidence that gut bacteria really might influence our minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm always by profession a skeptic,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.uclahealth.org/body.cfm?xyzpdqabc=0&id=479&action=detail&ref=8408\">Dr. Emeran Mayer\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine and psychiatry at the University of California, Los Angeles. \"But I do believe that our gut microbes affect what goes on in our brains.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer thinks the bacteria in our digestive systems may help mold brain structure as we're growing up, and possibly influence our moods, behavior and feelings when we're adults. \"It opens up a completely new way of looking at brain function and health and disease,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Mayer is working on just that, doing MRI scans to look at the brains of thousands of volunteers and then comparing brain structure to the types of bacteria in their guts. He thinks he already has the first clues of a connection, from an analysis of about 60 volunteers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer found that the connections between brain regions differed depending on which species of bacteria dominated a person's gut. That suggests that the specific mix of microbes in our guts might help determine what kinds of brains we have — how our brain circuits develop and how they're wired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">\u003ciframe width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=244526773&mediaId=245227995\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Of course, this doesn't mean that the microbes are causing changes in brain structure, or in behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other researchers have been trying to figure out a possible connection by looking at gut microbes in mice. There they've found changes in both brain chemistry and behavior. One experiment involved replacing the gut bacteria of anxious mice with bacteria from fearless mice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The mice became less anxious, more gregarious,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/medicine/gastro/faculty-member_collins.htm\">Stephen Collins\u003c/a> of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, who led a team that conducted the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369527413000787\">research\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It worked the other way around, too — bold mice became timid when they got the microbes of anxious ones. And aggressive mice calmed down when the scientists altered their microbes by changing their diet, feeding them probiotics or dosing them with antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out what might be causing the behavior changes, Collins and his colleagues then measured brain chemistry in mice. They found changes in a part of the brain involved in emotion and mood, including increases in a chemical called \u003ca href=\"http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085%2811%2900607-X/abstract\">brain-derived neurotrophic factor\u003c/a>, which plays a role in learning and memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists also have been working on a really obvious question — how the gut microbes could \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v13/n10/abs/nrn3346.html\">talk to the brain\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big nerve known as the vagus nerve, which runs all the way from the brain to the abdomen, was a prime suspect. And when researchers in Ireland cut the vagus nerve in mice, they no longer saw the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/08/26/1102999108\">brain respond\u003c/a> to changes in the gut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The vagus nerve is the highway of communication between what's going on in the gut and what's going on in the brain,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://publish.ucc.ie/researchprofiles/C003/jcryan\">John Cryan\u003c/a> of the University College Cork in Ireland, who has collaborated with Collins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gut microbes may also communicate with the brain in other ways, scientists say, by modulating the immune system or by producing their own versions of neurotransmitters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm actually seeing new neurochemicals that have not been described before being produced by certain bacteria,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ttuhsc.edu/centers/aging/staff/marklyte.aspx\">Mark Lyte\u003c/a> of the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in Abilene, who studies how microbes affect the endocrine system. \"These bacteria are, in effect, mind-altering microorganisms.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This research raises the possibility that scientists could someday create drugs that mimic the signals being sent from the gut to the brain, or just give people the good bacteria — probiotics — to prevent or treat problems involving the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One group of scientists has tested mice that have behaviors similar to some of the symptoms of autism in humans. The idea is that the probiotics might correct problems the animals have with their gastrointestinal systems — problems that many autistic children also have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mice, many of their autism behaviors were no longer present or strongly ameliorated with probiotics, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbe.caltech.edu/content/paul-h-patterson\">Paul Patterson\u003c/a> at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Calif. His research will be published soon in the journal \u003cem>Cell\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experiments to test whether changing gut microbes in humans could affect the brain are only just beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One team of researchers in Baltimore is testing a probiotic to see if it can help prevent relapses of mania among patients suffering from bipolar disorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The idea is that these probiotic treatments may alter what we call the microbiome and then may contribute to an improvement of psychiatric symptoms,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.sheppardpratt.org/sp_htmlcode/sp_clinicians/sp_clini_detail.aspx?DID=165&LID=2\">Faith Dickerson\u003c/a>, director of psychology at the Sheppard Pratt Health System.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes perfect sense to me,\" says Leah, a study participant who has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. She agreed to talk with NPR if we agreed not to use her full name. \"Your brain is just another organ. It's definitely affected by what goes on in the rest of your body.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's far too soon to know whether the probiotic has any effect, but Leah suspects it might. \"I'm doing really well,\" she says. \"I'm about to graduate college, and I'm doing everything right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayer also has been studying the effects of probiotics on the brain in humans. Along with his colleague Kirsten Tillisch, Mayer gave healthy women yogurt containing a probiotic and then scanned their brains. He found subtle signs that the brain circuits involved in anxiety were less reactive, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(13)00292-8/abstract\">paper\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>Gastroenterology\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mayer and others stress that a lot more work will be needed to know whether that probiotic — or any others — really could help people feel less anxious or help solve other problems involving the brain. He says, \"We're really in the early stages.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/74045/gut-bacteria-might-guide-the-workings-of-our-minds","authors":["byline_bayareabites_74045"],"categories":["bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_34","bayareabites_316"],"tags":["bayareabites_11456","bayareabites_12709","bayareabites_12708","bayareabites_12710","bayareabites_11018"],"featImg":"bayareabites_74050","label":"bayareabites"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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