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He's CEO of \u003ca href=\"http://vitalfarms.com/\">Vital Farms\u003c/a>, based in Austin, Texas, which markets eggs from hens that run around outdoors, on grassy pastures, at about a hundred different farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I thought that there's nothing more beautiful than eggs, where you have sort of a symbiotic relationship; you take care of the hen and she gives you this little gift every day,\" says O'Hayer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until a few years ago, he never thought about where those hens come from, or what happened to their male siblings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he ran into a couple of people from the animal rights group PETA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I told them what I was doing for a living, and they said, 'Oh, that's horrific,' \" O'Hayer recalls. \"And I said, 'Why's that?' And they said, 'Because of what happens to the male chicks!'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's when O'Hayer learned about something that happens at the hatcheries that supply his farmers with hens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those hatcheries incubate fertile eggs from breeding flocks, in order to raise more egg-laying hens. Their breed of chicken is only used to lay eggs, not for meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's bred to lay eggs, and not to gain weight,\" O'Hayer says. \"They're lean, mean, egg-laying machines.\" So all they want are the female chicks. \"The male has no value.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's no way, right now, to screen the fertilized eggs to see which embryos are male or female. Instead, teams of workers inspect each chick immediately after it hatches. They keep the females. But the males — brace yourself — get killed instantly in a machine that grinds them up. In the U.S., about 300 million male chicks from egg-laying breeds are killed each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O'Hayer was horrified. He started looking for a way to end this. And he wasn't alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been an issue that the international egg industry has been dealing with and trying to find commercially available and economically feasible solutions for years,\" says Chad Gregory, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.unitedegg.org/\">United Egg Producers\u003c/a>, which represents most egg producers in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry has been under pressure from animal welfare groups, but there's also a profit motive. Incubating, hatching and then destroying male chicks wastes money. Last summer, the UEP \u003ca href=\"http://uepcertified.com/united-egg-producers-statement-eliminating-male-chick-culling/\">announced\u003c/a> that it would try to end the practice of killing male chicks \"by 2020 or as soon as it is commercially available and economically feasible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O'Hayer now believes that he has the \u003ca href=\"http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20161027005567/en/Vital-Farms-Takes-Major-Step-Industry-Wide-Practice\">answer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vital Farms teamed up with an Israeli company called \u003ca href=\"http://tera.group/\">Novatrans\u003c/a> and found a way to analyze the chemical makeup of gases that leak from the pores of an egg and determine the sex of the embryo inside. \"We are able to trap the gas and read whether it's male, female, or infertile, and do it in a matter of seconds, rather than minutes,\" says O'Hayer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O'Hayer says it's possible to make that determination two days after the egg is laid, before it enters the incubation chamber. At that point, it's still possible to sell the eggs containing male embryos as regular edible eggs. It normally takes 21 days of incubation for an egg to develop into a chick that breaks out of its shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Vital Farms-Novatrans partnership expects to have a commercial version of this invention up and running within a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By that time, though, it may have competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Canada, \u003ca href=\"https://www.getcracking.ca/members/home\">Egg Farmers of Ontario\u003c/a> has been funding \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/male-chick-culling-technology-1.3647228\">research\u003c/a> by Michael Ngadi, a scientist at McGill University, who's developing a way to determine the sex of embryos by shining light through them. Harry Pelissero, general manager of Egg Farmers of Ontario, told The Salt that the technique could be commercially available within two years. Meanwhile, German researchers are working on yet another approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://thehumaneleague.com/news/staff_bios/\">David Coman-Hidy\u003c/a>, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.thehumaneleague.com/our-story/\">Humane League\u003c/a>, an animal-welfare advocacy group, says there has been a wave of technical innovation aimed at this problem, just within the past year. Last summer, he says, he hoped to get the egg industry to promise to stop killing male chicks by the year 2020. But \"now that we've seen these new folks trying to get these contracts as soon as possible, I think we may see this change happen even sooner.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Chad Gregory, from the United Egg Producers, there's huge demand within the egg industry for a way to solve this problem, and the first company to create a solution could earn a lot of money. \"Over time, worldwide, it could be worth billions of dollars,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The egg industry may soon eliminate a wasteful — and to some, horrifying — practice: slaughtering male chicks. New technology can identify male embryos in eggs before they enter incubation chambers.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1477930550,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":808},"headData":{"title":"Technology May Rescue Male Baby Chicks From The Grinder | KQED","description":"The egg industry may soon eliminate a wasteful — and to some, horrifying — practice: slaughtering male chicks. New technology can identify male embryos in eggs before they enter incubation chambers.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Technology May Rescue Male Baby Chicks From The Grinder","datePublished":"2016-10-31T16:12:21.000Z","dateModified":"2016-10-31T16:15:50.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"113128 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=113128","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/10/31/technology-may-rescue-male-baby-chicks-from-the-grinder/","disqusTitle":"Technology May Rescue Male Baby Chicks From The Grinder","source":"Food Trends and Technology","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/category/food-and-technology/","nprImageCredit":"Jessica Harms","nprByline":"Dan Charles, NPR Food","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"499613622","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=499613622&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/10/28/499613622/technology-may-rescue-male-baby-chicks-from-the-grinder?ft=nprml&f=499613622","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Sat, 29 Oct 2016 11:03:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 28 Oct 2016 14:19:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Sat, 29 Oct 2016 11:03:55 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2016/10/20161028_atc_technology_may_rescue_male_baby_chicks_from_the_grinder.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&d=214&p=2&story=499613622&t=progseg&e=499717676&seg=17&ft=nprml&f=499613622","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1499796219-cc8c36.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1053&d=214&p=2&story=499613622&t=progseg&e=499717676&seg=17&ft=nprml&f=499613622","path":"/bayareabites/113128/technology-may-rescue-male-baby-chicks-from-the-grinder","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2016/10/20161028_atc_technology_may_rescue_male_baby_chicks_from_the_grinder.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&d=214&p=2&story=499613622&t=progseg&e=499717676&seg=17&ft=nprml&f=499613622","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"nprOneAudioLink","attributes":{"named":{"src":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2016/10/20161028_atc_technology_may_rescue_male_baby_chicks_from_the_grinder.mp3"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt O'Hayer thought he was in the idyllic part of the egg business. He's CEO of \u003ca href=\"http://vitalfarms.com/\">Vital Farms\u003c/a>, based in Austin, Texas, which markets eggs from hens that run around outdoors, on grassy pastures, at about a hundred different farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I thought that there's nothing more beautiful than eggs, where you have sort of a symbiotic relationship; you take care of the hen and she gives you this little gift every day,\" says O'Hayer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until a few years ago, he never thought about where those hens come from, or what happened to their male siblings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he ran into a couple of people from the animal rights group PETA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I told them what I was doing for a living, and they said, 'Oh, that's horrific,' \" O'Hayer recalls. \"And I said, 'Why's that?' And they said, 'Because of what happens to the male chicks!'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's when O'Hayer learned about something that happens at the hatcheries that supply his farmers with hens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those hatcheries incubate fertile eggs from breeding flocks, in order to raise more egg-laying hens. Their breed of chicken is only used to lay eggs, not for meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's bred to lay eggs, and not to gain weight,\" O'Hayer says. \"They're lean, mean, egg-laying machines.\" So all they want are the female chicks. \"The male has no value.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's no way, right now, to screen the fertilized eggs to see which embryos are male or female. Instead, teams of workers inspect each chick immediately after it hatches. They keep the females. But the males — brace yourself — get killed instantly in a machine that grinds them up. In the U.S., about 300 million male chicks from egg-laying breeds are killed each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O'Hayer was horrified. He started looking for a way to end this. And he wasn't alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been an issue that the international egg industry has been dealing with and trying to find commercially available and economically feasible solutions for years,\" says Chad Gregory, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.unitedegg.org/\">United Egg Producers\u003c/a>, which represents most egg producers in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry has been under pressure from animal welfare groups, but there's also a profit motive. Incubating, hatching and then destroying male chicks wastes money. Last summer, the UEP \u003ca href=\"http://uepcertified.com/united-egg-producers-statement-eliminating-male-chick-culling/\">announced\u003c/a> that it would try to end the practice of killing male chicks \"by 2020 or as soon as it is commercially available and economically feasible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O'Hayer now believes that he has the \u003ca href=\"http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20161027005567/en/Vital-Farms-Takes-Major-Step-Industry-Wide-Practice\">answer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vital Farms teamed up with an Israeli company called \u003ca href=\"http://tera.group/\">Novatrans\u003c/a> and found a way to analyze the chemical makeup of gases that leak from the pores of an egg and determine the sex of the embryo inside. \"We are able to trap the gas and read whether it's male, female, or infertile, and do it in a matter of seconds, rather than minutes,\" says O'Hayer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O'Hayer says it's possible to make that determination two days after the egg is laid, before it enters the incubation chamber. At that point, it's still possible to sell the eggs containing male embryos as regular edible eggs. It normally takes 21 days of incubation for an egg to develop into a chick that breaks out of its shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Vital Farms-Novatrans partnership expects to have a commercial version of this invention up and running within a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By that time, though, it may have competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Canada, \u003ca href=\"https://www.getcracking.ca/members/home\">Egg Farmers of Ontario\u003c/a> has been funding \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/male-chick-culling-technology-1.3647228\">research\u003c/a> by Michael Ngadi, a scientist at McGill University, who's developing a way to determine the sex of embryos by shining light through them. Harry Pelissero, general manager of Egg Farmers of Ontario, told The Salt that the technique could be commercially available within two years. Meanwhile, German researchers are working on yet another approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://thehumaneleague.com/news/staff_bios/\">David Coman-Hidy\u003c/a>, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.thehumaneleague.com/our-story/\">Humane League\u003c/a>, an animal-welfare advocacy group, says there has been a wave of technical innovation aimed at this problem, just within the past year. Last summer, he says, he hoped to get the egg industry to promise to stop killing male chicks by the year 2020. But \"now that we've seen these new folks trying to get these contracts as soon as possible, I think we may see this change happen even sooner.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Chad Gregory, from the United Egg Producers, there's huge demand within the egg industry for a way to solve this problem, and the first company to create a solution could earn a lot of money. \"Over time, worldwide, it could be worth billions of dollars,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/113128/technology-may-rescue-male-baby-chicks-from-the-grinder","authors":["byline_bayareabites_113128"],"categories":["bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_358"],"tags":["bayareabites_99","bayareabites_15667","bayareabites_15668","bayareabites_13595","bayareabites_15669"],"featImg":"bayareabites_113129","label":"source_bayareabites_113128"},"bayareabites_107645":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_107645","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"107645","score":null,"sort":[1457967590000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"decoding-animal-welfare-labels","title":"Decoding Animal Welfare Labels","publishDate":1457967590,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Pasture raised. Hormone free. All natural.\u003c/em> With so many buzzwords, it’s hard to decipher labels on meat, eggs, and dairy products. Which ones are just greenwashing, and which ones can you trust?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liberally used terms like “free-range” paint a bucolic picture that is far from the reality of today’s industrial farming system. Raising animals in crowded confinement is the standard practice in America because it’s efficient and profitable, but it’s also inhumane. As consumer demand for humane and sustainable animal products grows, labels featuring bold claims and happy animals frolicking in lush pasture have proliferated in the meat and dairy aisles, most without federal regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For CUESA, humane practices mean a lot of things, including allowing animals to engage in the natural behaviors that are important to their wellbeing, and minimizing stress to the animals, from birth to slaughter. We’ve detailed specific practices in our \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/sites/default/files/CUESA_Sustainable_Ag_Framework.pdf\">Sustainability Frameworks\u003c/a>, and we endeavor to partner with producers whose practices align with these values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help you decode the language in the farmers market or at the butcher counter, here’s a quick primer on some of the labels and terms you’ll see.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Certifications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Third-party certifications are the most transparent animal welfare labels on the market. In order for a product to bear one of these labels, the farm must be audited by an independent third party, often a nonprofit organization, and the farm’s practices must adhere to published standards. There are many animal welfare certification programs out there, with different emphases and varying degrees of rigor. Here are a few common ones you might see. For an in-depth comparison of each certifier’s standards, see \u003ca href=\"https://awionline.org/sites/default/files/uploads/documents/web-standardscomparisonfactsheet2-1293133314-document-33104.pdf\">this chart\u003c/a> from the Animal Welfare Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/animal_welfare_approved.png\" alt=\"Animal Welfare Approved\" width=\"100\" height=\"95\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107649\">\u003ca href=\"http://animalwelfareapproved.org/\">\u003cstrong>Animal Welfare Approved\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>:\u003c/strong> Applicable to meat, egg, and dairy products, this label is considered to have the highest animal welfare and environmental standards and is only available to independent family farms. Farms must provide animals with continual access to pasture or range and the opportunity to perform natural and instinctive behaviors essential to their health and well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane.png\" alt=\"American Humane Certified\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107648\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane.png 100w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane-32x32.png 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane-64x64.png 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane-96x96.png 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\">\u003ca href=\"http://humaneheartland.org/our-standards\">\u003cstrong>American Humane Certified\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: This program is the least stringent of the well-known animal welfare certifications, but it still requires more humane conditions than the industry standard. For example, it prohibits antibiotics in feed, but allows chickens to be housed in larger \u003ca href=\"http://www.organicauthority.com/foodie-buzz/cage-free-eggs-debate.html\">“enriched colony”\u003c/a> cages and cattle to be raised in feedlots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/certified-humane.png\" alt=\"Certified Humane Raised and Handled\" width=\"100\" height=\"70\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107650\">\u003ca href=\"http://certifiedhumane.org/\">\u003cstrong>Certified Humane Raised and Handled\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: This label has slightly more rigorous requirements than American Humane Certified, but not as strict as Animal Welfare Approved. For example, cages for hens are prohibited, but outdoor access is not required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership.png\" alt=\"Global Animal Partnership\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107651\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership.png 100w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership-32x32.png 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership-64x64.png 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership-96x96.png 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.globalanimalpartnership.org/\">\u003cstrong>Global Animal Partnership\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>:\u003c/strong> This label, developed in partnership with Whole Foods and sold through their stores, uses a five-step rating program that encourages improvement in animal welfare. Step one begins with no cages or crowding, step three requires outdoor access, step four certifies pasture-centered practices, and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic.png\" alt=\"USDA Certified Organic\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107653\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic.png 100w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic-32x32.png 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic-64x64.png 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic-96x96.png 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.ams.usda.gov/grades-standards/organic-standards\">\u003cstrong>USDA Certified Organic\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: Many people don’t realize that the National Organic Program also has animal care standards. The standards require that animals eat 100% organic feed, without antibiotics or hormones. Outdoor access is required and feedlot confinement is prohibited, but some humane handling practices are not defined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed.png\" alt=\"American Grassfed\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107647\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed.png 100w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed-32x32.png 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed-64x64.png 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed-96x96.png 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.americangrassfed.org/\">\u003cstrong>American Grassfed\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: Applicable only to ruminants (such as beef and lamb), these standards ensure that the animals have eaten nothing but grass and forage from weaning to harvest, and they were not raised in confinement and have never been fed antibiotics or growth hormones. Meat that is labeled “grass-fed” is not necessarily certified by this program.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Terms and Definitions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The following terms are used both in third-party certifications and on their own. Some are regulated by the government; others are not. If the term is not verified or certified, dig deeper to ensure that the producer is living up to their claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Humane:\u003c/strong> Humane implies that animals were raised with compassion in a way that minimizes stress and allows them to engage in their natural behaviors. The term “humane” is otherwise unregulated, though numerous third-party certifications offer independent verification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cage-free: \u003c/strong>This unregulated term suggests that eggs are laid by hens permitted to roam in the henhouse (but not necessarily with any access to the outdoors).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Free-range or free-roaming\u003c/strong>: Suggests that the product came from an animal that was able to roam. The USDA only regulates the term for poultry, not beef, pork, or eggs. Meat birds are required to “have access to” the outdoors, but no amount of time or space is specified. Free-range hens are often kept indoors in large warehouses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pasture-raised\u003c/strong>: “Pasture-raised” implies that meat or poultry comes from an animal that was raised outdoors on pasture. This term is sometimes used to differentiate eggs and poultry from “free-range” products coming from hens raised indoors. This term is unregulated and there is no standard definition. The Ferry Plaza Farmers Market only allows pasture-raised eggs to be sold by farmers in our market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Grass-fed\u003c/strong>: This label means the ruminant animal (cattle, sheep, goat, or bison) was raised on a diet of fresh pasture during the growing season and stored grasses (hay or grass silage) in winter months or drought conditions. The USDA standard was revoked in 2016; it is now a voluntary claim. Several organizations offer private certifications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Grass-finished\u003c/strong>: “Finished” animals have reached physical maturity and have developed fatty tissue. Some grass-fed animals, like most livestock in the US, are grain finished, or fed grains for an undetermined amount of time before slaughter. Other grass-fed animals are grass finished: they ate exclusively grasses throughout their whole lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Antibiotic-free\u003c/strong>: In conventional operations, antibiotics are routinely fed to cows, hogs, and chickens to promote faster growth and prevent diseases that run rampant in the cramped conditions in which food animals are kept. “No antibiotics” claims are regulated by the USDA and require ranchers to show documentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hormone-free\u003c/strong>: Hormones are used in industrial farming of cows and sheep to increase growth rate or milk production. Some hormones are natural, some are synthetic, and some (like rBGH) are genetically engineered. Like “no antibiotics,” the “no hormones” claim is regulated by the USDA. Documentation must be shown, but the USDA does not routinely test. Hormone use in pork or poultry production is prohibited by the USDA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Natural\u003c/strong>: USDA guidelines state that “natural” meat and poultry products can’t contain artificial ingredients or added color and must be only minimally processed; there is no verification system. The claim “natural” on other products is unregulated and generally meaningless.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meet Your Producer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the best ways to cut through the noise is to know your farmer, so you have the opportunity to ask questions. While certified labels provide assurance, certification costs and the required documentation may be burdensome for smaller operations. So how do you know what to look for? Here are some basic questions you might ask your meat, egg, or dairy producer or purveyor:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Are your animal products certified by any third parties? Which ones?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How are the animals raised? Are they raised outdoors on pasture, or indoors?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Do the animals receive antibiotics, hormones, or other growth promoters?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What sort of diet are the animals fed?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>These questions are just a starting point, and they’re only useful if you know how to interpret the answers. To go beyond this basic guide, we recommend checking out \u003ca href=\"http://www.sustainabletable.org/917/handouts-questions-to-ask\">Sustainable Table’s Questions to Ask\u003c/a> handouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more about animal welfare terms, certifications, and practices, we suggest downloading the \u003ca href=\"http://animalwelfareapproved.org/food-labels-exposed/\">Animal Welfare Approved Food Labels Exposed\u003c/a> phone app. or download the pdf. From welfare to taste to cost, there are many factors to consider, so you’ll need to figure out which ones are most important to you when you shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At CUESA, we promote ranchers and purveyors that adhere to the humane management practices outlined in our \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/sites/default/files/CUESA_Sustainable_Ag_Framework.pdf\">Sustainability Frameworks\u003c/a>. Details about each producer can be found on their \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/our-sellers\">seller profile\u003c/a> on our website, and you can visit the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/food/eggs\">eggs\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/food/cheese\">cheese\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/food/milk\">milk\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/food/meat\">meat\u003c/a> pages to dive deeper into specific products. And through \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/event-type/food-farm-tour\">farm tours\u003c/a>, you can see how the animals are raised first-hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got more questions? Stop by CUESA’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/food-shed\">\u003cem>Food Shed\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> tent for our “Decoding Food Labels” exhibit this month on Saturdays to learn more. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Thank you to CUESA Education Intern Jasmine Hormati for her research in this guide.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Pasture raised. Hormone free. All natural. With so many buzzwords, it’s hard to decipher labels on meat, eggs, and dairy products. Which ones are just greenwashing, and which ones can you trust?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457967727,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1443},"headData":{"title":"Decoding Animal Welfare Labels | KQED","description":"Pasture raised. Hormone free. All natural. With so many buzzwords, it’s hard to decipher labels on meat, eggs, and dairy products. Which ones are just greenwashing, and which ones can you trust?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Decoding Animal Welfare Labels","datePublished":"2016-03-14T14:59:50.000Z","dateModified":"2016-03-14T15:02:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"107645 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=107645","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/03/14/decoding-animal-welfare-labels/","disqusTitle":"Decoding Animal Welfare Labels","path":"/bayareabites/107645/decoding-animal-welfare-labels","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Pasture raised. Hormone free. All natural.\u003c/em> With so many buzzwords, it’s hard to decipher labels on meat, eggs, and dairy products. Which ones are just greenwashing, and which ones can you trust?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liberally used terms like “free-range” paint a bucolic picture that is far from the reality of today’s industrial farming system. Raising animals in crowded confinement is the standard practice in America because it’s efficient and profitable, but it’s also inhumane. As consumer demand for humane and sustainable animal products grows, labels featuring bold claims and happy animals frolicking in lush pasture have proliferated in the meat and dairy aisles, most without federal regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For CUESA, humane practices mean a lot of things, including allowing animals to engage in the natural behaviors that are important to their wellbeing, and minimizing stress to the animals, from birth to slaughter. We’ve detailed specific practices in our \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/sites/default/files/CUESA_Sustainable_Ag_Framework.pdf\">Sustainability Frameworks\u003c/a>, and we endeavor to partner with producers whose practices align with these values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help you decode the language in the farmers market or at the butcher counter, here’s a quick primer on some of the labels and terms you’ll see.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Certifications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Third-party certifications are the most transparent animal welfare labels on the market. In order for a product to bear one of these labels, the farm must be audited by an independent third party, often a nonprofit organization, and the farm’s practices must adhere to published standards. There are many animal welfare certification programs out there, with different emphases and varying degrees of rigor. Here are a few common ones you might see. For an in-depth comparison of each certifier’s standards, see \u003ca href=\"https://awionline.org/sites/default/files/uploads/documents/web-standardscomparisonfactsheet2-1293133314-document-33104.pdf\">this chart\u003c/a> from the Animal Welfare Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/animal_welfare_approved.png\" alt=\"Animal Welfare Approved\" width=\"100\" height=\"95\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107649\">\u003ca href=\"http://animalwelfareapproved.org/\">\u003cstrong>Animal Welfare Approved\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>:\u003c/strong> Applicable to meat, egg, and dairy products, this label is considered to have the highest animal welfare and environmental standards and is only available to independent family farms. Farms must provide animals with continual access to pasture or range and the opportunity to perform natural and instinctive behaviors essential to their health and well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane.png\" alt=\"American Humane Certified\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107648\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane.png 100w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane-32x32.png 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane-64x64.png 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane-96x96.png 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/american_humane-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\">\u003ca href=\"http://humaneheartland.org/our-standards\">\u003cstrong>American Humane Certified\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: This program is the least stringent of the well-known animal welfare certifications, but it still requires more humane conditions than the industry standard. For example, it prohibits antibiotics in feed, but allows chickens to be housed in larger \u003ca href=\"http://www.organicauthority.com/foodie-buzz/cage-free-eggs-debate.html\">“enriched colony”\u003c/a> cages and cattle to be raised in feedlots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/certified-humane.png\" alt=\"Certified Humane Raised and Handled\" width=\"100\" height=\"70\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107650\">\u003ca href=\"http://certifiedhumane.org/\">\u003cstrong>Certified Humane Raised and Handled\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: This label has slightly more rigorous requirements than American Humane Certified, but not as strict as Animal Welfare Approved. For example, cages for hens are prohibited, but outdoor access is not required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership.png\" alt=\"Global Animal Partnership\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107651\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership.png 100w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership-32x32.png 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership-64x64.png 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership-96x96.png 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/gap_global_animal_partnership-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.globalanimalpartnership.org/\">\u003cstrong>Global Animal Partnership\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>:\u003c/strong> This label, developed in partnership with Whole Foods and sold through their stores, uses a five-step rating program that encourages improvement in animal welfare. Step one begins with no cages or crowding, step three requires outdoor access, step four certifies pasture-centered practices, and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic.png\" alt=\"USDA Certified Organic\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107653\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic.png 100w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic-32x32.png 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic-64x64.png 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic-96x96.png 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/usda_organic-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.ams.usda.gov/grades-standards/organic-standards\">\u003cstrong>USDA Certified Organic\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: Many people don’t realize that the National Organic Program also has animal care standards. The standards require that animals eat 100% organic feed, without antibiotics or hormones. Outdoor access is required and feedlot confinement is prohibited, but some humane handling practices are not defined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed.png\" alt=\"American Grassfed\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107647\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed.png 100w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed-32x32.png 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed-64x64.png 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed-96x96.png 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2016/03/america_grassfed-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.americangrassfed.org/\">\u003cstrong>American Grassfed\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>: Applicable only to ruminants (such as beef and lamb), these standards ensure that the animals have eaten nothing but grass and forage from weaning to harvest, and they were not raised in confinement and have never been fed antibiotics or growth hormones. Meat that is labeled “grass-fed” is not necessarily certified by this program.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Terms and Definitions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The following terms are used both in third-party certifications and on their own. Some are regulated by the government; others are not. If the term is not verified or certified, dig deeper to ensure that the producer is living up to their claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Humane:\u003c/strong> Humane implies that animals were raised with compassion in a way that minimizes stress and allows them to engage in their natural behaviors. The term “humane” is otherwise unregulated, though numerous third-party certifications offer independent verification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cage-free: \u003c/strong>This unregulated term suggests that eggs are laid by hens permitted to roam in the henhouse (but not necessarily with any access to the outdoors).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Free-range or free-roaming\u003c/strong>: Suggests that the product came from an animal that was able to roam. The USDA only regulates the term for poultry, not beef, pork, or eggs. Meat birds are required to “have access to” the outdoors, but no amount of time or space is specified. Free-range hens are often kept indoors in large warehouses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pasture-raised\u003c/strong>: “Pasture-raised” implies that meat or poultry comes from an animal that was raised outdoors on pasture. This term is sometimes used to differentiate eggs and poultry from “free-range” products coming from hens raised indoors. This term is unregulated and there is no standard definition. The Ferry Plaza Farmers Market only allows pasture-raised eggs to be sold by farmers in our market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Grass-fed\u003c/strong>: This label means the ruminant animal (cattle, sheep, goat, or bison) was raised on a diet of fresh pasture during the growing season and stored grasses (hay or grass silage) in winter months or drought conditions. The USDA standard was revoked in 2016; it is now a voluntary claim. Several organizations offer private certifications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Grass-finished\u003c/strong>: “Finished” animals have reached physical maturity and have developed fatty tissue. Some grass-fed animals, like most livestock in the US, are grain finished, or fed grains for an undetermined amount of time before slaughter. Other grass-fed animals are grass finished: they ate exclusively grasses throughout their whole lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Antibiotic-free\u003c/strong>: In conventional operations, antibiotics are routinely fed to cows, hogs, and chickens to promote faster growth and prevent diseases that run rampant in the cramped conditions in which food animals are kept. “No antibiotics” claims are regulated by the USDA and require ranchers to show documentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hormone-free\u003c/strong>: Hormones are used in industrial farming of cows and sheep to increase growth rate or milk production. Some hormones are natural, some are synthetic, and some (like rBGH) are genetically engineered. Like “no antibiotics,” the “no hormones” claim is regulated by the USDA. Documentation must be shown, but the USDA does not routinely test. Hormone use in pork or poultry production is prohibited by the USDA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Natural\u003c/strong>: USDA guidelines state that “natural” meat and poultry products can’t contain artificial ingredients or added color and must be only minimally processed; there is no verification system. The claim “natural” on other products is unregulated and generally meaningless.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meet Your Producer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the best ways to cut through the noise is to know your farmer, so you have the opportunity to ask questions. While certified labels provide assurance, certification costs and the required documentation may be burdensome for smaller operations. So how do you know what to look for? Here are some basic questions you might ask your meat, egg, or dairy producer or purveyor:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Are your animal products certified by any third parties? Which ones?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How are the animals raised? Are they raised outdoors on pasture, or indoors?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Do the animals receive antibiotics, hormones, or other growth promoters?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What sort of diet are the animals fed?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>These questions are just a starting point, and they’re only useful if you know how to interpret the answers. To go beyond this basic guide, we recommend checking out \u003ca href=\"http://www.sustainabletable.org/917/handouts-questions-to-ask\">Sustainable Table’s Questions to Ask\u003c/a> handouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more about animal welfare terms, certifications, and practices, we suggest downloading the \u003ca href=\"http://animalwelfareapproved.org/food-labels-exposed/\">Animal Welfare Approved Food Labels Exposed\u003c/a> phone app. or download the pdf. From welfare to taste to cost, there are many factors to consider, so you’ll need to figure out which ones are most important to you when you shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At CUESA, we promote ranchers and purveyors that adhere to the humane management practices outlined in our \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/sites/default/files/CUESA_Sustainable_Ag_Framework.pdf\">Sustainability Frameworks\u003c/a>. Details about each producer can be found on their \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/our-sellers\">seller profile\u003c/a> on our website, and you can visit the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/food/eggs\">eggs\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/food/cheese\">cheese\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/food/milk\">milk\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/food/meat\">meat\u003c/a> pages to dive deeper into specific products. And through \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/event-type/food-farm-tour\">farm tours\u003c/a>, you can see how the animals are raised first-hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got more questions? Stop by CUESA’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/food-shed\">\u003cem>Food Shed\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> tent for our “Decoding Food Labels” exhibit this month on Saturdays to learn more. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Thank you to CUESA Education Intern Jasmine Hormati for her research in this guide.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/107645/decoding-animal-welfare-labels","authors":["5484"],"categories":["bayareabites_12555","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_60"],"tags":["bayareabites_99","bayareabites_10802","bayareabites_10774","bayareabites_243"],"featImg":"bayareabites_107652","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_105635":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_105635","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"105635","score":null,"sort":[1451796935000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-year-in-eggs-everyones-going-cage-free-except-supermarkets","title":"The Year In Eggs: Everyone's Going Cage-Free, Except Supermarkets","publishDate":1451796935,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>Animal welfare advocates got major traction this year pushing for cage-free eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, McDonald's \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/03/04/390701295/mcdonalds-says-it-wont-be-serving-chicken-raised-on-antibiotics\">pledged\u003c/a> it would move to 100-percent cage-free eggs in its supply chain. And while the movement was already underway, this announcement seemed to really set off a domino effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the biggest egg producers in the U.S., including Rembrandt Foods, pledged allegiance to cage-free. Packaged good behemoths like Nestle and fast food chains like Subway did as well. (See the list of companies below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't think of a social issue that food companies rallied around more in 2015 than chicken confinement,\" says Matthew Prescott, food policy director for the Humane Society of the United States, which has long been egging on producers and buyers to go cage-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think what happened was that for so many companies, the cage-free issue had been on their docket for 10 to 12 years,\" says Prescott. But he says until McDonald's announcement, there hadn't been a commitment from a major player.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What \"cage-free\" means on the farm can differ somewhat, but as Dan Charles \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/09/10/438934607/the-latest-scramble-in-the-egg-industry-mcdonalds-is-going-cage-free\">has reported\u003c/a>, \"enriched colony cages\" that give chickens more room and nests to lay their eggs are currently the most popular alternative to traditional cages among farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're finding out that those cage-free systems aren't as scary as they once feared,\" Chad Gregory, president of the United Egg Producers, the main industry association, told Charles in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prescott helped us compile this list of companies that committed in 2015 to buying entirely cage-free eggs (on a variety of different timelines). It's by no means complete, but includes most of the biggest players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cagefreefuture.com/docs/Nestle%20Cage-Free%20Eggs%20Press%20Release%20FINAL.pdf\">Nestle\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.generalmills.com/en/News/Issues/animal-welfare-policy\">General Mills\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://customerservice.costco.com/system/templates/selfservice/costco_en_us/?sf9909006=1#!portal/200500000001002/article/200500000043548/Hillandale-Farms-Humane-Society-Egg-Response\">Costco\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/DunkinEggs\">Dunkin' Donuts\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/CageFreeJITB\">Jack in the Box\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://news.starbucks.com/views/starbucks-position-on-cage-free-eggs\">Starbucks\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.subway.com/subwayroot/about_us/PR_Docs/CageFreeEggs.pdf\">Subway\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://arbys.com/press-center/csr?mid=65434\">Arby's\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/ENRG-Eggs\">Einstein Bros. Bagels\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/CaribouE\">Caribou Coffee\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/1Mdb1T0\">Peet's Coffee\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeshack.com/2015/12/17/source-for-something-good-shake-shacks-commitment-to-cage-free-eggs-and-humanely-raised-pork/\">Shake Shack\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blog.humanesociety.org/wayne/2015/03/compass-group-cage-free-announcement.html\">Compass Group\u003c/a> (largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.aramark.com/~/media/Files/aramark-animal-welfare-policy.ashx\">Aramark\u003c/a> (second largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://sodexousa.com/usen/media/press-releases/2015/animal_welfare_policy.aspx\">Sodexo \u003c/a>(third largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cagefreefuture.com/docs/Carnival-HSUS%20Release%2012.21.15.pdf\">Carnival Corp.\u003c/a> (the largest cruise liner)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/RCLEggs\">Royal Caribbean\u003c/a> (the second-largest cruise liner)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.flowersfoods.com/FFC_CompanyInfo/Sustainability/index.cfm\">Flowers Foods\u003c/a> (baked good company and maker of Wonder bread and Tastykake)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/GrupoBimbo\">Grupo Bimbo\u003c/a> (world's largest baking company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/MichaelFoods\">Michael Foods\u003c/a> (country's largest processed egg provider)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/latest-flap-on-egg-farms-going-whole-hog-on-cage-free-1426100062\">Rose Acre Farms\u003c/a> (country's second largest egg producer)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.rembrandtfoods.com/news-events/cage-free-to-become-the-standard-for-rembrandt-foods/\">Rembrandt Foods\u003c/a> (country's third largest egg producer)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Notice who's missing? With the exception of Costco, there are no grocery retailers: no Target, no Safeway, no Walmart. \"They are the final frontier on this issue,\" says Prescott.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he says, they don't have much of an excuse anymore — the biggest egg producers in the country are all eliminating cages, so cage-free eggs won't be difficult to source in the coming years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't know of any producer in country unwilling to meet cage-free demand,\" he says. So it may only be a matter of time until retailers are no longer the eggception to the rule. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Egg producers who for years said they couldn't give up cages for egg-laying hens made the switch to cage-free in 2015. Big egg buyers, including McDonald's, Nestle and Subway, made commitments, too.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1451796935,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":491},"headData":{"title":"The Year In Eggs: Everyone's Going Cage-Free, Except Supermarkets | KQED","description":"Egg producers who for years said they couldn't give up cages for egg-laying hens made the switch to cage-free in 2015. Big egg buyers, including McDonald's, Nestle and Subway, made commitments, too.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Year In Eggs: Everyone's Going Cage-Free, Except Supermarkets","datePublished":"2016-01-03T04:55:35.000Z","dateModified":"2016-01-03T04:55:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"105635 http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=105635","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2016/01/02/the-year-in-eggs-everyones-going-cage-free-except-supermarkets/","disqusTitle":"The Year In Eggs: Everyone's Going Cage-Free, Except Supermarkets","nprByline":"Eliza Barclay, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/nprfood/\">NPR Food\u003c/a>","nprImageAgency":"Dan Charles/NPR","nprStoryId":"461483821","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=461483821&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/12/30/461483821/the-year-in-eggs-everyones-going-cage-free-except-supermarkets?ft=nprml&f=461483821","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 30 Dec 2015 17:21:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 30 Dec 2015 17:04:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 30 Dec 2015 17:21:24 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/105635/the-year-in-eggs-everyones-going-cage-free-except-supermarkets","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Animal welfare advocates got major traction this year pushing for cage-free eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, McDonald's \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/03/04/390701295/mcdonalds-says-it-wont-be-serving-chicken-raised-on-antibiotics\">pledged\u003c/a> it would move to 100-percent cage-free eggs in its supply chain. And while the movement was already underway, this announcement seemed to really set off a domino effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the biggest egg producers in the U.S., including Rembrandt Foods, pledged allegiance to cage-free. Packaged good behemoths like Nestle and fast food chains like Subway did as well. (See the list of companies below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't think of a social issue that food companies rallied around more in 2015 than chicken confinement,\" says Matthew Prescott, food policy director for the Humane Society of the United States, which has long been egging on producers and buyers to go cage-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think what happened was that for so many companies, the cage-free issue had been on their docket for 10 to 12 years,\" says Prescott. But he says until McDonald's announcement, there hadn't been a commitment from a major player.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What \"cage-free\" means on the farm can differ somewhat, but as Dan Charles \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/09/10/438934607/the-latest-scramble-in-the-egg-industry-mcdonalds-is-going-cage-free\">has reported\u003c/a>, \"enriched colony cages\" that give chickens more room and nests to lay their eggs are currently the most popular alternative to traditional cages among farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're finding out that those cage-free systems aren't as scary as they once feared,\" Chad Gregory, president of the United Egg Producers, the main industry association, told Charles in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prescott helped us compile this list of companies that committed in 2015 to buying entirely cage-free eggs (on a variety of different timelines). It's by no means complete, but includes most of the biggest players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cagefreefuture.com/docs/Nestle%20Cage-Free%20Eggs%20Press%20Release%20FINAL.pdf\">Nestle\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.generalmills.com/en/News/Issues/animal-welfare-policy\">General Mills\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://customerservice.costco.com/system/templates/selfservice/costco_en_us/?sf9909006=1#!portal/200500000001002/article/200500000043548/Hillandale-Farms-Humane-Society-Egg-Response\">Costco\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/DunkinEggs\">Dunkin' Donuts\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/CageFreeJITB\">Jack in the Box\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://news.starbucks.com/views/starbucks-position-on-cage-free-eggs\">Starbucks\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.subway.com/subwayroot/about_us/PR_Docs/CageFreeEggs.pdf\">Subway\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://arbys.com/press-center/csr?mid=65434\">Arby's\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/ENRG-Eggs\">Einstein Bros. Bagels\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/CaribouE\">Caribou Coffee\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/1Mdb1T0\">Peet's Coffee\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeshack.com/2015/12/17/source-for-something-good-shake-shacks-commitment-to-cage-free-eggs-and-humanely-raised-pork/\">Shake Shack\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blog.humanesociety.org/wayne/2015/03/compass-group-cage-free-announcement.html\">Compass Group\u003c/a> (largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.aramark.com/~/media/Files/aramark-animal-welfare-policy.ashx\">Aramark\u003c/a> (second largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://sodexousa.com/usen/media/press-releases/2015/animal_welfare_policy.aspx\">Sodexo \u003c/a>(third largest foodservice company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cagefreefuture.com/docs/Carnival-HSUS%20Release%2012.21.15.pdf\">Carnival Corp.\u003c/a> (the largest cruise liner)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/RCLEggs\">Royal Caribbean\u003c/a> (the second-largest cruise liner)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.flowersfoods.com/FFC_CompanyInfo/Sustainability/index.cfm\">Flowers Foods\u003c/a> (baked good company and maker of Wonder bread and Tastykake)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/GrupoBimbo\">Grupo Bimbo\u003c/a> (world's largest baking company)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/MichaelFoods\">Michael Foods\u003c/a> (country's largest processed egg provider)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/latest-flap-on-egg-farms-going-whole-hog-on-cage-free-1426100062\">Rose Acre Farms\u003c/a> (country's second largest egg producer)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.rembrandtfoods.com/news-events/cage-free-to-become-the-standard-for-rembrandt-foods/\">Rembrandt Foods\u003c/a> (country's third largest egg producer)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Notice who's missing? With the exception of Costco, there are no grocery retailers: no Target, no Safeway, no Walmart. \"They are the final frontier on this issue,\" says Prescott.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he says, they don't have much of an excuse anymore — the biggest egg producers in the country are all eliminating cages, so cage-free eggs won't be difficult to source in the coming years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't know of any producer in country unwilling to meet cage-free demand,\" he says. So it may only be a matter of time until retailers are no longer the eggception to the rule. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/105635/the-year-in-eggs-everyones-going-cage-free-except-supermarkets","authors":["byline_bayareabites_105635"],"categories":["bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_11915","bayareabites_11914","bayareabites_33","bayareabites_15185"],"featImg":"bayareabites_105636","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_94170":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_94170","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"94170","score":null,"sort":[1426813163000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next","title":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next?","publishDate":1426813163,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94171\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\" alt=\"Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94171\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/19/393848921/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/19/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past two years, at an undisclosed location in the Upper Midwest, a large commercial egg farm has been probed with every tool of modern science. Researchers have collected data on feed consumed, eggs produced, rates of chicken death and injury, levels of dust in the air, microbial contamination and dollars spent. Graduate students have been assigned to watch hours of video of the hens in an effort to rate the animals' well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was all intended to give farmers — and, perhaps, consumers — a clearer picture of different ways to house the chickens that lay our eggs. Three different types of chicken houses exist on this farm: traditional wire cages; \"enriched\" cages that offer more space, perches and nesting boxes; and cage-free houses in which chickens get to move around freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An industry consortium called the Coalition for a Sustainable Egg Supply funded \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">this study\u003c/a>, mainly because chicken housing is now controversial. California \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/29/373802858/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry\">has banned\u003c/a> eggs from chickens that don't have enough space to turn around or flap their wings. Other states are considering similar laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The egg industry is meanwhile looking for alternatives that won't be declared illegal. This study is a close look at a couple of those alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The conventional cage system is not going to be the system of the future,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ans.msu.edu/people/dr_janice_swanson\">Janice Swanson\u003c/a>, a professor of animal behavior and welfare at Michigan State University and co-director of the chicken housing study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The transition away from cages, in fact, is already underway. \"Very few conventional cage systems are being installed\" on egg farms these days, says \u003ca href=\"http://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/faculty/mench/\">Joy Mench\u003c/a>, a professor of animal science at the University of California, Davis, the study's other co-director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.calmainefoods.com/company/about-us.aspx\">Cal-Maine Foods\u003c/a>, for instance, the largest producer of shell eggs in the U.S., is no longer building new chicken houses with traditional cages, says Matt Arrowsmith, the company's vice president for purchasing. Traditional cages still account for 90 percent of the company's production, but when those houses wear out, they will be replaced with either cage-free houses or enriched cages, sometimes called colony cages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94172\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\" alt=\"Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1238\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94172\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-400x258.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1440x929.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1180x761.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-768x495.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-320x206.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Swanson and Mench began presenting \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">results\u003c/a> from their study this week to egg producers, processors and marketers. \"Our goal is to identify the trade-offs between the three systems for them to consider as they're making decisions about what systems to install,\" Swanson says. Scientific reports also are appearing in the journal \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/473.full\">Poultry Science\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to this experiment, some trade-offs are clear. Cage-free houses allow chickens a wider range of natural behavior. Their bones also were stronger, as a result of being able to move about freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, in part because of that freedom, \"there's more potential for injury,\" Swanson says. This is one reason more chickens died in the cage-free house — more than 10 percent, compared with about 4 percent in the cages. Most died from disease, but some also died because of injury or from being hen-pecked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air in the cage-free house was full of dust, but \"it didn't seem to have any effect on the hens,\" says Mench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the perspective of \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/552.full.pdf+html\">economic efficiency\u003c/a>, though, cages were a clear winner. Chickens in both traditional and enriched cages produced more eggs and produced them more efficiently, compared with cage-free houses. Operating costs of the cage-free house were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, and even more when the capital cost of building the house was included. Cage-free production was expensive in part because the farmer had to pay more for young hens, or pullets, that had been raised in a cage-free environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, egg producers also are responding to consumer demand, and \"there is a growing demand for cage-free,\" says Arrowsmith of Cal-Maine Foods. Most consumers, though, still buy the cheapest eggs on the shelf, Arrowsmith says, and that will keep keep most chickens in some sort of cage for a long time to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal-Maine Foods is hedging its bets, producing eggs that carry a variety of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/23/370377902/farm-fresh-natural-eggs-not-always-what-they-re-cracked-up-to-be\">labels\u003c/a>, depending on how they are housed and fed: cage-free, omega-3 or vegetarian. \"The more diverse products that you can put on the shelf, the more likely it is that a consumer will want one of them,\" Arrowsmith says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The results are in from a long-running study of three different ways to house egg-laying chickens. It found that more hens survive in cages, and cages are cheaper. But consumers prefer cage-free eggs.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1426813163,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":806},"headData":{"title":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next? | KQED","description":"The results are in from a long-running study of three different ways to house egg-laying chickens. It found that more hens survive in cages, and cages are cheaper. But consumers prefer cage-free eggs.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next?","datePublished":"2015-03-20T00:59:23.000Z","dateModified":"2015-03-20T00:59:23.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"94170 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=94170","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/03/19/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next/","disqusTitle":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next?","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"393848921","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=393848921&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/19/393848921/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next?ft=nprml&f=393848921","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 19 Mar 2015 15:57:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 19 Mar 2015 11:31:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 19 Mar 2015 15:57:05 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/94170/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94171\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\" alt=\"Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94171\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/19/393848921/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/19/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past two years, at an undisclosed location in the Upper Midwest, a large commercial egg farm has been probed with every tool of modern science. Researchers have collected data on feed consumed, eggs produced, rates of chicken death and injury, levels of dust in the air, microbial contamination and dollars spent. Graduate students have been assigned to watch hours of video of the hens in an effort to rate the animals' well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was all intended to give farmers — and, perhaps, consumers — a clearer picture of different ways to house the chickens that lay our eggs. Three different types of chicken houses exist on this farm: traditional wire cages; \"enriched\" cages that offer more space, perches and nesting boxes; and cage-free houses in which chickens get to move around freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An industry consortium called the Coalition for a Sustainable Egg Supply funded \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">this study\u003c/a>, mainly because chicken housing is now controversial. California \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/29/373802858/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry\">has banned\u003c/a> eggs from chickens that don't have enough space to turn around or flap their wings. Other states are considering similar laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The egg industry is meanwhile looking for alternatives that won't be declared illegal. This study is a close look at a couple of those alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The conventional cage system is not going to be the system of the future,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ans.msu.edu/people/dr_janice_swanson\">Janice Swanson\u003c/a>, a professor of animal behavior and welfare at Michigan State University and co-director of the chicken housing study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The transition away from cages, in fact, is already underway. \"Very few conventional cage systems are being installed\" on egg farms these days, says \u003ca href=\"http://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/faculty/mench/\">Joy Mench\u003c/a>, a professor of animal science at the University of California, Davis, the study's other co-director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.calmainefoods.com/company/about-us.aspx\">Cal-Maine Foods\u003c/a>, for instance, the largest producer of shell eggs in the U.S., is no longer building new chicken houses with traditional cages, says Matt Arrowsmith, the company's vice president for purchasing. Traditional cages still account for 90 percent of the company's production, but when those houses wear out, they will be replaced with either cage-free houses or enriched cages, sometimes called colony cages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94172\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\" alt=\"Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1238\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94172\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-400x258.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1440x929.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1180x761.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-768x495.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-320x206.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Swanson and Mench began presenting \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">results\u003c/a> from their study this week to egg producers, processors and marketers. \"Our goal is to identify the trade-offs between the three systems for them to consider as they're making decisions about what systems to install,\" Swanson says. Scientific reports also are appearing in the journal \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/473.full\">Poultry Science\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to this experiment, some trade-offs are clear. Cage-free houses allow chickens a wider range of natural behavior. Their bones also were stronger, as a result of being able to move about freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, in part because of that freedom, \"there's more potential for injury,\" Swanson says. This is one reason more chickens died in the cage-free house — more than 10 percent, compared with about 4 percent in the cages. Most died from disease, but some also died because of injury or from being hen-pecked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air in the cage-free house was full of dust, but \"it didn't seem to have any effect on the hens,\" says Mench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the perspective of \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/552.full.pdf+html\">economic efficiency\u003c/a>, though, cages were a clear winner. Chickens in both traditional and enriched cages produced more eggs and produced them more efficiently, compared with cage-free houses. Operating costs of the cage-free house were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, and even more when the capital cost of building the house was included. Cage-free production was expensive in part because the farmer had to pay more for young hens, or pullets, that had been raised in a cage-free environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, egg producers also are responding to consumer demand, and \"there is a growing demand for cage-free,\" says Arrowsmith of Cal-Maine Foods. Most consumers, though, still buy the cheapest eggs on the shelf, Arrowsmith says, and that will keep keep most chickens in some sort of cage for a long time to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal-Maine Foods is hedging its bets, producing eggs that carry a variety of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/23/370377902/farm-fresh-natural-eggs-not-always-what-they-re-cracked-up-to-be\">labels\u003c/a>, depending on how they are housed and fed: cage-free, omega-3 or vegetarian. \"The more diverse products that you can put on the shelf, the more likely it is that a consumer will want one of them,\" Arrowsmith says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/94170/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next","authors":["byline_bayareabites_94170"],"categories":["bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_11915","bayareabites_11914","bayareabites_8249","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_33","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_94171","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_92953":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_92953","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"92953","score":null,"sort":[1423254847000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review","title":"Outrage Over Government's Animal Experiments Leads To USDA Review","publishDate":1423254847,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92954\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg\" alt=\"Cattle raised at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center in Clay Center, Neb. A New York Times investigation of animal suffering at the federal research center has prompted a USDA review. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92954\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cattle raised at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center in Clay Center, Neb. A New York Times investigation of animal suffering at the federal research center has prompted a USDA review. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2100208/allison-aubrey\" target=\"_blank\">Allison Aubrey\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/02/06/384103870/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (2/6/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Revelations about animal suffering at a federal animal research facility have sure gotten the attention of lawmakers on Capitol Hill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They've also prompted the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which oversees the facility through its \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/main.htm\">Agricultural Research Service\u003c/a>, to name its first ever animal welfare ombudsman — as well as review and update its animal welfare strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you read Michael Moss'\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/dining/animal-welfare-at-risk-in-experiments-for-meat-industry.html?_r=0\"> investigation\u003c/a> in \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> about research practices at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/site_main.htm?modecode=30-40-05-00\">U.S. Meat Animal Research Center\u003c/a> in Nebraska, you might recall some of these details:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>An experiment where pigs died after being locked in steam chambers. The goal of this taxpayer-funded study was to evaluate how varying temperatures influenced the pigs' appetites.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A study that left lambs abandoned by their mothers in pastures to die of exposure or starvation.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An account of the fetuses of 119 pigs being \"gently crushed\" during an experiment. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/01/20/dining/In-Quest-for-Pork-Painful-Experiments.html\">Times\u003c/a>, \"the aim was to see if empty space in the uterus affected the intervals between pregnancies. But trial results, published in 2011, were inconclusive.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Animal rights activists were outraged by these and other activities at the center over the past few decades. \"An American Horror Story\" is how Matthew Bershadker, president and CEO of the ASPCA (American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals), \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/matt-bershadker/usdas-meat-animal-researc_b_6532210.html\">dubbed\u003c/a> it.\u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/matt-bershadker/usdas-meat-animal-researc_b_6532210.html\"> \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Louise Slaughter, a Democrat from New York, expressed alarm as well. In a letter to Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, Slaughter wrote: \"Such heinous examples of egregious cruelty, which would violate the minimum standards of any approved research protocol ... should not occur anywhere for any reason.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> report points out, farm animals used in agricultural research are exempt from protections spelled out in the \u003ca href=\"http://awic.nal.usda.gov/government-and-professional-resources/federal-laws/animal-welfare-act\">Animal Welfare Act\u003c/a>. Many institutions, including universities and companies, that conduct research on animals abide by independent animal-welfare protocols. But the federal law has big loopholes, according to animal welfare advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slaughter is hoping to change the law. This week, Slaughter, along with a bipartisan group of co-sponsors, introduced a bill known as the Animal Welfare in Agricultural Research Endeavors (AWARE) Act. It aims to end exemptions from protections under the Animal Welfare Act for farm animals used in agricultural experiments at federal facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the co-sponsors of the legislation, \u003ca href=\"http://fitzpatrick.house.gov/\">Rep. Mike Fitzpatrick,\u003c/a> a Pennsylvania Republican, said in a statement: \"As stewards of taxpayer dollars, we felt a responsibility to present a legislative fix that holds the USDA to the same humane standards that countless research facilities across the country are held to.\"\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USDA issued a statement this week saying it is \"taking action to ensure animals are respected and treated humanely.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentidonly=true&contentid=bio_woteki.xml\">Catherine Woteki\u003c/a>, undersecretary for research, education and economics at USDA, added in a statement that \"two of the research projects featured in the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> article had already been terminated,\" and \"some of the specific incidents described were from many years or decades ago.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement went on to say that Vilsack has ordered a review of research practices at the Nebraska center and other USDA research facilities. The agency says reviewers will provide recommendations to strengthen the procedures for humane handling of animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the strongest sign of growing accountability over animal welfare at the agency is the appointment of the agency's first animal welfare ombudsman. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/pandp/people/people.htm?personid=48042\">Chavonda Jacobs-Young\u003c/a>, the administrator of the USDA's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/main.htm\">Agricultural Research Service\u003c/a>, informally named \u003ca href=\"http://ars.usda.gov/pandp/people/people.htm?personid=42447\">Eileen Thacker\u003c/a> — an ARS veterinarian — to the post. She announced the appointment in an email to ARS staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the email to her staff, Jacobs-Young wrote, \"Please remember we all own the responsibility for animal welfare; if you see something that disturbs you, please report it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The email also announced the development of an updated animal welfare strategy within 60 days. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Lawmakers also introduced a bill to strengthen laws protecting farm animals used in research. Both moves come out of a \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> investigation of animal suffering at a federal research center.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1423254847,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":679},"headData":{"title":"Outrage Over Government's Animal Experiments Leads To USDA Review | KQED","description":"Lawmakers also introduced a bill to strengthen laws protecting farm animals used in research. Both moves come out of a New York Times investigation of animal suffering at a federal research center.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Outrage Over Government's Animal Experiments Leads To USDA Review","datePublished":"2015-02-06T20:34:07.000Z","dateModified":"2015-02-06T20:34:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"92953 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=92953","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/02/06/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review/","disqusTitle":"Outrage Over Government's Animal Experiments Leads To USDA Review","nprByline":"Allison Aubrey","nprStoryId":"384103870","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=384103870&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/02/06/384103870/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review?ft=nprml&f=384103870","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 06 Feb 2015 14:17:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 06 Feb 2015 12:07:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 06 Feb 2015 14:17:55 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/92953/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92954\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg\" alt=\"Cattle raised at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center in Clay Center, Neb. A New York Times investigation of animal suffering at the federal research center has prompted a USDA review. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92954\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/nebraska-cattle-9a5eec942069112cc86baae867f408a0ddd0b0a6-e1423254696822-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cattle raised at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center in Clay Center, Neb. A New York Times investigation of animal suffering at the federal research center has prompted a USDA review. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2100208/allison-aubrey\" target=\"_blank\">Allison Aubrey\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/02/06/384103870/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (2/6/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Revelations about animal suffering at a federal animal research facility have sure gotten the attention of lawmakers on Capitol Hill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They've also prompted the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which oversees the facility through its \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/main.htm\">Agricultural Research Service\u003c/a>, to name its first ever animal welfare ombudsman — as well as review and update its animal welfare strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you read Michael Moss'\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/dining/animal-welfare-at-risk-in-experiments-for-meat-industry.html?_r=0\"> investigation\u003c/a> in \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> about research practices at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/site_main.htm?modecode=30-40-05-00\">U.S. Meat Animal Research Center\u003c/a> in Nebraska, you might recall some of these details:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>An experiment where pigs died after being locked in steam chambers. The goal of this taxpayer-funded study was to evaluate how varying temperatures influenced the pigs' appetites.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A study that left lambs abandoned by their mothers in pastures to die of exposure or starvation.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An account of the fetuses of 119 pigs being \"gently crushed\" during an experiment. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/01/20/dining/In-Quest-for-Pork-Painful-Experiments.html\">Times\u003c/a>, \"the aim was to see if empty space in the uterus affected the intervals between pregnancies. But trial results, published in 2011, were inconclusive.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Animal rights activists were outraged by these and other activities at the center over the past few decades. \"An American Horror Story\" is how Matthew Bershadker, president and CEO of the ASPCA (American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals), \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/matt-bershadker/usdas-meat-animal-researc_b_6532210.html\">dubbed\u003c/a> it.\u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/matt-bershadker/usdas-meat-animal-researc_b_6532210.html\"> \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Louise Slaughter, a Democrat from New York, expressed alarm as well. In a letter to Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, Slaughter wrote: \"Such heinous examples of egregious cruelty, which would violate the minimum standards of any approved research protocol ... should not occur anywhere for any reason.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> report points out, farm animals used in agricultural research are exempt from protections spelled out in the \u003ca href=\"http://awic.nal.usda.gov/government-and-professional-resources/federal-laws/animal-welfare-act\">Animal Welfare Act\u003c/a>. Many institutions, including universities and companies, that conduct research on animals abide by independent animal-welfare protocols. But the federal law has big loopholes, according to animal welfare advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slaughter is hoping to change the law. This week, Slaughter, along with a bipartisan group of co-sponsors, introduced a bill known as the Animal Welfare in Agricultural Research Endeavors (AWARE) Act. It aims to end exemptions from protections under the Animal Welfare Act for farm animals used in agricultural experiments at federal facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the co-sponsors of the legislation, \u003ca href=\"http://fitzpatrick.house.gov/\">Rep. Mike Fitzpatrick,\u003c/a> a Pennsylvania Republican, said in a statement: \"As stewards of taxpayer dollars, we felt a responsibility to present a legislative fix that holds the USDA to the same humane standards that countless research facilities across the country are held to.\"\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USDA issued a statement this week saying it is \"taking action to ensure animals are respected and treated humanely.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentidonly=true&contentid=bio_woteki.xml\">Catherine Woteki\u003c/a>, undersecretary for research, education and economics at USDA, added in a statement that \"two of the research projects featured in the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> article had already been terminated,\" and \"some of the specific incidents described were from many years or decades ago.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement went on to say that Vilsack has ordered a review of research practices at the Nebraska center and other USDA research facilities. The agency says reviewers will provide recommendations to strengthen the procedures for humane handling of animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the strongest sign of growing accountability over animal welfare at the agency is the appointment of the agency's first animal welfare ombudsman. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/pandp/people/people.htm?personid=48042\">Chavonda Jacobs-Young\u003c/a>, the administrator of the USDA's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/main.htm\">Agricultural Research Service\u003c/a>, informally named \u003ca href=\"http://ars.usda.gov/pandp/people/people.htm?personid=42447\">Eileen Thacker\u003c/a> — an ARS veterinarian — to the post. She announced the appointment in an email to ARS staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the email to her staff, Jacobs-Young wrote, \"Please remember we all own the responsibility for animal welfare; if you see something that disturbs you, please report it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The email also announced the development of an updated animal welfare strategy within 60 days. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/92953/outrage-over-governments-animal-experiments-leads-to-usda-review","authors":["byline_bayareabites_92953"],"categories":["bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_9172","bayareabites_3226","bayareabites_10921","bayareabites_14134","bayareabites_8913"],"featImg":"bayareabites_92954","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_92346":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_92346","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"92346","score":null,"sort":[1422393282000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug","title":"Beef Packers Block Plan To Revive Growth-Promoting Drug ","publishDate":1422393282,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/cows_enl-787a2778cbfa3a7f89e6053b47103554f8a3abf7-e1422392884964.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/cows_enl-787a2778cbfa3a7f89e6053b47103554f8a3abf7-e1422392884964.jpg\" alt=\"Cattle in holding pens at the Simplot feedlot located next to a slaughterhouse in Burbank, Washington on Dec. 26, 2013. Merck & Co Inc is testing lower dosages of its controversial cattle growth drug Zilmax drug in an effort to resume its sales to the $44 billion U.S. beef industry. Photo: Ross Courtney/Reuters/Landov\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92347\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cattle in holding pens at the Simplot feedlot located next to a slaughterhouse in Burbank, Washington on Dec. 26, 2013. Merck & Co Inc is testing lower dosages of its controversial cattle growth drug Zilmax drug in an effort to resume its sales to the $44 billion U.S. beef industry. Photo: Ross Courtney/Reuters/Landov\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/27/381630528/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/27/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than a year, a once-popular drug that makes cattle put on weight faster has been stuck in a kind of veterinary purgatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As far as the Food and Drug Administration is concerned, the drug, Zilmax, is legal to use. But large meat packers, which dominate the industry, have ostracized it after the drug \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/21/inside-the-beef-industrys-battle-over-growth-promotion-drugs/\">was accused\u003c/a> of making animals suffer. The drug's manufacturer, Merck, has been working on a plan to rehabilitate it. But that effort has stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merck \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/21/inside-the-beef-industrys-battle-over-growth-promotion-drugs/\">suspended\u003c/a> sales of Zilmax in August 2013, after Tyson, a leading beef processor, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/09/did-tyson-ban-doping-cows-with-zilmax-to-boost-foreign-sales/\">announced\u003c/a> that it would no longer buy cattle that had been treated with Zilmax, and other cattle buyers followed Tyson's lead. Tyson's move followed reports that Zilmax-treated cattle were more likely to suffer from what some researchers call \"cattle fatigue syndrome.\" At an industry conference, an animal welfare expert from the meat packer JBS showed a video of Zilmax-treated cattle that appeared immobile, unable to move properly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merck responded with a \"five-step plan\" to examine the safety of Zilmax. Last November, it \u003ca href=\"http://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/news/2014-11-5.aspx\">unveiled\u003c/a> new procedures for using the drug, including guidelines and training that are intended to prevent overdosing cattle with the drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the centerpiece of Merck's plan, a large \"field evaluation\" of Zilmax, remains in limbo. This study was supposed to include up to 240,000 cattle, at a variety of commercial feedlots. Merck recruited a university researcher to carry it out, and it was supposed to begin last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feedlot operators are refusing to participate, though, because they don't want to be stuck with cattle that they can't sell. And their customers, the beef processors, remain skittish. \"We're not accepting cattle fed with Zilmax,\" says Mike Martin, from Cargill, one of four companies that dominate the beef industry. (The others are Tyson, JBS, and National Beef.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cargill's reluctance to take Zilmax-fed cattle, Martin says, is based in part on continued uncertainty about what caused those health problems in cattle. But he also mentioned another reason: The drug can complicate beef exports. Some countries won't accept beef from cattle that were fed Zilmax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly Goss, a spokesperson for Merck Animal Health, says that organizing the Zilmax study has \"been more time intensive and complicated than we anticipated.\" But she says the company still hopes to proceed with it. \"Our intent is not to rush this,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zilmax is part of a class of drugs called beta agonists, which are chemically similar to the human hormone adrenaline. Another beta agonist, called ractopamine, is commonly fed to pigs. They cause animals to grow more muscle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.k-state.edu/media/mediaguide/bios/thomsonbio.html\">Dan Thomson\u003c/a>, a researcher at Kansas State University who has studied the effects of Zilmax on cattle, says that Merck has been acting responsibly in its efforts to revive sales of the drug. \"I think that the changes they've made have been all for the better,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomson also says that beta agonists such as Zilmax are not the sole cause of \"fatigued cattle syndrome.\" Those symptoms, he says, are a reaction to stress. Beta agonists may contribute to it, but so do heat, being transported in trailers and interactions with humans. \"We have been able to study it in cattle that were fed beta agonists and cattle that were not fed beta agonists,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Beef processors continue to block efforts to bring back Zilmax, a drug that makes cattle put on weight faster. Is it because they're concerned about animal welfare, or beef exports?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1422393829,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":633},"headData":{"title":"Beef Packers Block Plan To Revive Growth-Promoting Drug | KQED","description":"Beef processors continue to block efforts to bring back Zilmax, a drug that makes cattle put on weight faster. Is it because they're concerned about animal welfare, or beef exports?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Beef Packers Block Plan To Revive Growth-Promoting Drug ","datePublished":"2015-01-27T21:14:42.000Z","dateModified":"2015-01-27T21:23:49.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"92346 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=92346","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/01/27/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug/","disqusTitle":"Beef Packers Block Plan To Revive Growth-Promoting Drug ","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"381630528","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=381630528&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/27/381630528/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug?ft=nprml&f=381630528","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 27 Jan 2015 14:08:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 27 Jan 2015 11:30:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 27 Jan 2015 14:08:36 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/92346/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/cows_enl-787a2778cbfa3a7f89e6053b47103554f8a3abf7-e1422392884964.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/cows_enl-787a2778cbfa3a7f89e6053b47103554f8a3abf7-e1422392884964.jpg\" alt=\"Cattle in holding pens at the Simplot feedlot located next to a slaughterhouse in Burbank, Washington on Dec. 26, 2013. Merck & Co Inc is testing lower dosages of its controversial cattle growth drug Zilmax drug in an effort to resume its sales to the $44 billion U.S. beef industry. Photo: Ross Courtney/Reuters/Landov\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92347\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cattle in holding pens at the Simplot feedlot located next to a slaughterhouse in Burbank, Washington on Dec. 26, 2013. Merck & Co Inc is testing lower dosages of its controversial cattle growth drug Zilmax drug in an effort to resume its sales to the $44 billion U.S. beef industry. Photo: Ross Courtney/Reuters/Landov\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/27/381630528/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/27/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than a year, a once-popular drug that makes cattle put on weight faster has been stuck in a kind of veterinary purgatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As far as the Food and Drug Administration is concerned, the drug, Zilmax, is legal to use. But large meat packers, which dominate the industry, have ostracized it after the drug \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/21/inside-the-beef-industrys-battle-over-growth-promotion-drugs/\">was accused\u003c/a> of making animals suffer. The drug's manufacturer, Merck, has been working on a plan to rehabilitate it. But that effort has stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merck \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/21/inside-the-beef-industrys-battle-over-growth-promotion-drugs/\">suspended\u003c/a> sales of Zilmax in August 2013, after Tyson, a leading beef processor, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/09/did-tyson-ban-doping-cows-with-zilmax-to-boost-foreign-sales/\">announced\u003c/a> that it would no longer buy cattle that had been treated with Zilmax, and other cattle buyers followed Tyson's lead. Tyson's move followed reports that Zilmax-treated cattle were more likely to suffer from what some researchers call \"cattle fatigue syndrome.\" At an industry conference, an animal welfare expert from the meat packer JBS showed a video of Zilmax-treated cattle that appeared immobile, unable to move properly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merck responded with a \"five-step plan\" to examine the safety of Zilmax. Last November, it \u003ca href=\"http://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/news/2014-11-5.aspx\">unveiled\u003c/a> new procedures for using the drug, including guidelines and training that are intended to prevent overdosing cattle with the drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the centerpiece of Merck's plan, a large \"field evaluation\" of Zilmax, remains in limbo. This study was supposed to include up to 240,000 cattle, at a variety of commercial feedlots. Merck recruited a university researcher to carry it out, and it was supposed to begin last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feedlot operators are refusing to participate, though, because they don't want to be stuck with cattle that they can't sell. And their customers, the beef processors, remain skittish. \"We're not accepting cattle fed with Zilmax,\" says Mike Martin, from Cargill, one of four companies that dominate the beef industry. (The others are Tyson, JBS, and National Beef.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cargill's reluctance to take Zilmax-fed cattle, Martin says, is based in part on continued uncertainty about what caused those health problems in cattle. But he also mentioned another reason: The drug can complicate beef exports. Some countries won't accept beef from cattle that were fed Zilmax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly Goss, a spokesperson for Merck Animal Health, says that organizing the Zilmax study has \"been more time intensive and complicated than we anticipated.\" But she says the company still hopes to proceed with it. \"Our intent is not to rush this,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zilmax is part of a class of drugs called beta agonists, which are chemically similar to the human hormone adrenaline. Another beta agonist, called ractopamine, is commonly fed to pigs. They cause animals to grow more muscle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.k-state.edu/media/mediaguide/bios/thomsonbio.html\">Dan Thomson\u003c/a>, a researcher at Kansas State University who has studied the effects of Zilmax on cattle, says that Merck has been acting responsibly in its efforts to revive sales of the drug. \"I think that the changes they've made have been all for the better,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomson also says that beta agonists such as Zilmax are not the sole cause of \"fatigued cattle syndrome.\" Those symptoms, he says, are a reaction to stress. Beta agonists may contribute to it, but so do heat, being transported in trailers and interactions with humans. \"We have been able to study it in cattle that were fed beta agonists and cattle that were not fed beta agonists,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/92346/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug","authors":["byline_bayareabites_92346"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_99","bayareabites_620","bayareabites_8959","bayareabites_8966","bayareabites_14103","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_2608","bayareabites_14102","bayareabites_243","bayareabites_14104","bayareabites_10921","bayareabites_12192","bayareabites_12193"],"featImg":"bayareabites_92347","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_92221":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_92221","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"92221","score":null,"sort":[1421857056000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare","title":"Chipotle's Pulled Pork Highlights Debate Over Sow Welfare","publishDate":1421857056,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chipotle.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chipotle.jpg\" alt=\" Workers prepare burritos at a Chipotle Mexican Grill in New York. The restaurant chain has stopped serving pork in about one-third of its U.S. locations. Photo: Richard Levine/Demotix/Corbis \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers prepare burritos at a Chipotle Mexican Grill in New York. The restaurant chain has stopped serving pork in about one-third of its U.S. locations. Photo: Richard Levine/Demotix/Corbis\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150119_atc_chipotles_pulled_pork_highlights_debate_over_sow_welfare.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/16/377760603/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/19/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a third of all Chipotle restaurants are not serving carnitas at the moment, because the restaurant chain has suspended one of its major pork suppliers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The restaurant chain has declined to identify the supplier and the exact reasons for the suspension. In its official statements, Chipotle said only that the supplier was not in compliance with the company's \u003ca href=\"http://www.chipotle.com/en-us/fwi/animals/animals.aspx\">animal welfare standards\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when David Maren heard the news, he had a pretty good idea what the problem was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren is the founder of \u003ca href=\"http://www.grassfedbeef.org/Beyond-Organic-Pork/\">Tendergrass Farms\u003c/a>, near Roanoke, Va. It's an online marketer of meat and organic lard from a network of farmers. The farmers raise their pigs Chipotle-style: The animals get no antibiotics or growth-promoting drugs. They aren't confined inside buildings. In fact, most of them spend their whole life on pasture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren says it's not hard to persuade pork producers to adopt part of that package. They don't mind so much cutting out the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are two technologies that many farmers cannot imagine giving up, and these are things that Chipotle does not allow: farrowing crates and slatted-floor housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrowing crates are small pens, measuring about 6 feet by 2 feet, where mother pigs, or sows, are confined for a period that starts just before farrowing, or giving birth. The sows stay in the crates for about three weeks while their piglets are nursing. These pens are different from \"gestation crates,\" which confine a sow during most of her adult life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The purpose [of farrowing crates] is to protect the baby pigs,\" says Maren. Metal walls keep sows from stepping on the piglets. This also means that the sows cannot move much or turn around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92222\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/ap090710048753_slide-6962e70a8b8da5b2c1a6bcc32b34d52696258fd1-e1421856825108.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/ap090710048753_slide-6962e70a8b8da5b2c1a6bcc32b34d52696258fd1-e1421856825108.jpg\" alt=\"A sow nurses her piglets in a farrowing crate in an Elite Pork Partnership hog confinement building in Carroll, Iowa, in 2009. Photo: Charlie Neibergall/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92222\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sow nurses her piglets in a farrowing crate in an Elite Pork Partnership hog confinement building in Carroll, Iowa, in 2009. Photo: Charlie Neibergall/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Slatted floors, meanwhile, are a basic feature of most standard hog houses. They allow farmers to raise lots of pigs indoors, out of the weather, and keep them clean. Manure drops down through the slats into collection pits. Critics say it is unnatural and inhumane to keep pigs inside on a hard, bare surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An industry source has confirmed Maren's guess. These two issues were the cause of Chipotle's pork problems this past week, after it discovered the supplier was using the methods the company bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren is surprisingly conflicted about these rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though his farmers' methods meet — and actually exceed — Chipotle's standards, he says, he's not really sure that these rules make much sense for a large-scale buyer of pork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take farrowing crates, he says. Confining a sow looks inhumane, \"but the alternative is, if you put a picture right beside that of a farmer walking out of his alternative farrowing house with a five-gallon bucket full of dead baby pigs, you have to ask yourself, which is more humane?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or consider slatted-floor housing. It's true that this is not a natural environment for pigs, but it allows farmers to handle large numbers of pigs. What Chipotle wants — pigs living in \"deeply bedded pens\" that they can dig around in — takes a lot more work, space and bedding material, such as straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's all about scalability,\" Maren says. \"They can find a few hundred farmers to do that, and they have. Can they find a few thousand, or tens of thousands, to feed America? I think that's going to be challenging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chipotle's head of communication, Chris Arnold, says this has not been a problem so far. The current shortfall in pork was a one-time problem with a single supplier, he says. In general, he says, Chipotle has had little difficulty finding pork suppliers who are willing and able to follow its rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arnold would not identify the offending pork producer. He says the supplier may simply not have fully understood Chipotle's requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe that these are good people who are trying to do the right thing, and if they bring their protocols into [compliance] with our standards, we'd certainly consider having them back as part of our supply network,\" Arnold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That won't happen quickly, though. It would mean building another style of farrowing pens and new barns to house the pigs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Wondering why your local Chipotle is no longer serving pork? It's because a big supplier was housing pigs in confined quarters. But there's debate about whether that's really worse for the animals.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1421857056,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":796},"headData":{"title":"Chipotle's Pulled Pork Highlights Debate Over Sow Welfare | KQED","description":"Wondering why your local Chipotle is no longer serving pork? It's because a big supplier was housing pigs in confined quarters. But there's debate about whether that's really worse for the animals.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Chipotle's Pulled Pork Highlights Debate Over Sow Welfare","datePublished":"2015-01-21T16:17:36.000Z","dateModified":"2015-01-21T16:17:36.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"92221 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=92221","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/01/21/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare/","disqusTitle":"Chipotle's Pulled Pork Highlights Debate Over Sow Welfare","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"377760603","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=377760603&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/16/377760603/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare?ft=3&f=377760603","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 20 Jan 2015 13:07:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 19 Jan 2015 16:07:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 20 Jan 2015 13:07:11 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150119_atc_chipotles_pulled_pork_highlights_debate_over_sow_welfare.mp3?orgId=1&topicIda=1006&ft=3&f=377760603","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1378409728-445c7f.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1006&ft=3&f=377760603","path":"/bayareabites/92221/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150119_atc_chipotles_pulled_pork_highlights_debate_over_sow_welfare.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chipotle.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chipotle.jpg\" alt=\" Workers prepare burritos at a Chipotle Mexican Grill in New York. The restaurant chain has stopped serving pork in about one-third of its U.S. locations. Photo: Richard Levine/Demotix/Corbis \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers prepare burritos at a Chipotle Mexican Grill in New York. The restaurant chain has stopped serving pork in about one-third of its U.S. locations. Photo: Richard Levine/Demotix/Corbis\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150119_atc_chipotles_pulled_pork_highlights_debate_over_sow_welfare.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/16/377760603/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/19/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a third of all Chipotle restaurants are not serving carnitas at the moment, because the restaurant chain has suspended one of its major pork suppliers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The restaurant chain has declined to identify the supplier and the exact reasons for the suspension. In its official statements, Chipotle said only that the supplier was not in compliance with the company's \u003ca href=\"http://www.chipotle.com/en-us/fwi/animals/animals.aspx\">animal welfare standards\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when David Maren heard the news, he had a pretty good idea what the problem was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren is the founder of \u003ca href=\"http://www.grassfedbeef.org/Beyond-Organic-Pork/\">Tendergrass Farms\u003c/a>, near Roanoke, Va. It's an online marketer of meat and organic lard from a network of farmers. The farmers raise their pigs Chipotle-style: The animals get no antibiotics or growth-promoting drugs. They aren't confined inside buildings. In fact, most of them spend their whole life on pasture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren says it's not hard to persuade pork producers to adopt part of that package. They don't mind so much cutting out the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are two technologies that many farmers cannot imagine giving up, and these are things that Chipotle does not allow: farrowing crates and slatted-floor housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrowing crates are small pens, measuring about 6 feet by 2 feet, where mother pigs, or sows, are confined for a period that starts just before farrowing, or giving birth. The sows stay in the crates for about three weeks while their piglets are nursing. These pens are different from \"gestation crates,\" which confine a sow during most of her adult life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The purpose [of farrowing crates] is to protect the baby pigs,\" says Maren. Metal walls keep sows from stepping on the piglets. This also means that the sows cannot move much or turn around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92222\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/ap090710048753_slide-6962e70a8b8da5b2c1a6bcc32b34d52696258fd1-e1421856825108.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/ap090710048753_slide-6962e70a8b8da5b2c1a6bcc32b34d52696258fd1-e1421856825108.jpg\" alt=\"A sow nurses her piglets in a farrowing crate in an Elite Pork Partnership hog confinement building in Carroll, Iowa, in 2009. Photo: Charlie Neibergall/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92222\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sow nurses her piglets in a farrowing crate in an Elite Pork Partnership hog confinement building in Carroll, Iowa, in 2009. Photo: Charlie Neibergall/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Slatted floors, meanwhile, are a basic feature of most standard hog houses. They allow farmers to raise lots of pigs indoors, out of the weather, and keep them clean. Manure drops down through the slats into collection pits. Critics say it is unnatural and inhumane to keep pigs inside on a hard, bare surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An industry source has confirmed Maren's guess. These two issues were the cause of Chipotle's pork problems this past week, after it discovered the supplier was using the methods the company bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren is surprisingly conflicted about these rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though his farmers' methods meet — and actually exceed — Chipotle's standards, he says, he's not really sure that these rules make much sense for a large-scale buyer of pork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take farrowing crates, he says. Confining a sow looks inhumane, \"but the alternative is, if you put a picture right beside that of a farmer walking out of his alternative farrowing house with a five-gallon bucket full of dead baby pigs, you have to ask yourself, which is more humane?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or consider slatted-floor housing. It's true that this is not a natural environment for pigs, but it allows farmers to handle large numbers of pigs. What Chipotle wants — pigs living in \"deeply bedded pens\" that they can dig around in — takes a lot more work, space and bedding material, such as straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's all about scalability,\" Maren says. \"They can find a few hundred farmers to do that, and they have. Can they find a few thousand, or tens of thousands, to feed America? I think that's going to be challenging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chipotle's head of communication, Chris Arnold, says this has not been a problem so far. The current shortfall in pork was a one-time problem with a single supplier, he says. In general, he says, Chipotle has had little difficulty finding pork suppliers who are willing and able to follow its rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arnold would not identify the offending pork producer. He says the supplier may simply not have fully understood Chipotle's requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe that these are good people who are trying to do the right thing, and if they bring their protocols into [compliance] with our standards, we'd certainly consider having them back as part of our supply network,\" Arnold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That won't happen quickly, though. It would mean building another style of farrowing pens and new barns to house the pigs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/92221/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare","authors":["byline_bayareabites_92221"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_34","bayareabites_1807"],"tags":["bayareabites_11539","bayareabites_12575","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_14082","bayareabites_12211","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_11393","bayareabites_616","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_92222","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_76184":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_76184","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"76184","score":null,"sort":[1389148323000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"smithfield-prods-its-pork-suppliers-to-dump-pig-crates","title":"Smithfield Prods Its Pork Suppliers To Dump Pig Crates","publishDate":1389148323,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_76187\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 624px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/pig-crate.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/pig-crate.jpg\" alt=\"Breeding sows in crates at a subsidiary of Smithfield Foods in 2010. The photo was shot by the Humane Society as part of an undercover investigation. Photo: Humane Society/Associated Press\" width=\"624\" height=\"351\" class=\"size-full wp-image-76187\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Breeding sows in crates at a subsidiary of Smithfield Foods in 2010. The photo was shot by the Humane Society as part of an undercover investigation. Photo: Humane Society/Associated Press\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Eliza Barclay, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/07/260439063/smithfield-prods-its-pork-suppliers-to-dump-pig-crates\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/7/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smithfield, the world's largest hog and pork buyer, announced Tuesday that it's asking the independent farmers with whom it has contracts to get rid of stalls for pregnant sows to improve the animals' living conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To nudge these farmers to make the changes to their facilities by 2022, Smithfield is offering to extend their contracts once they've converted their gestational stalls into group houses, which are generally considered more humane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move is significant because 40 percent of Smithfield sows are raised on farms owned by independent farmers. The company has contracts with 2,100 farms across 12 states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smithfield, best known for its ham products, says it has already moved 54 percent of pregnant sows on its company-owned farms in the U.S. out of the the narrow stalls, known as gestation crates, and into group housing, per a \u003ca href=\"http://investors.smithfieldfoods.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=295899\">commitment\u003c/a> it made in 2007 to phase out the crates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hog industry's standard practice for years has been to confine pregnant sows in the 2-foot-wide steel crates for the length of their four-month pregnancies. The idea behind the crates is to keep the sows from squashing their babies, fighting and stealing each others' food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But animal welfare groups have long called the crates cruel and unnecessary, and pressured big producers like Smithfield to end the practice. Advocates argue that the crates restrict the animals' movement too much — the sows can't turn around at all — and are simply devices to pack as many animals into a house as possible. (Smithfield alone used 15.8 million hogs in 2012.) Group houses, by contrast, are bigger, and allow pregnant sows to come and go from their stalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smithfield's announcement comes as 60 of the world's largest food retailers – from \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/02/14/146863301/mcdonalds-teams-up-with-humane-society-to-phase-out-pig-crates\">McDonald's\u003c/a> to Safeway, Costco and Oscar Mayer – have said they won't tolerate gestation crates in their supply chains anymore, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2014/01/07/600779/10063123/en/Smithfield-Foods-Recommends-Its-Contract-Growers-Convert-to-Group-Housing-for-Pregnant-Sows.html\">press release\u003c/a>, Smithfield said that the change it is requesting is not required, but contract extensions \"will be less likely\" for farmers who keep gestation crates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We recognize that these projects require a significant investment on the part of our growers,\" C. Larry Pope, president and chief executive officer of Smithfield Foods, said in a statement. \"But a well-planned renovation to a group housing system will help maintain the farms' value for years to come, while at the same time supporting our companywide commitment to animal care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Humane Society of the U.S. says that Smithfield's announcement spells the eventual end of the gestation crate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Smithfield's announcement means certain death for the gestation crate in pork production,\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesociety.org/about/leadership/subject_experts/matthew-prescott.html\">Matthew Prescott\u003c/a>, food policy director for HSUS, tells The Salt. \"For the millions of pigs currently locked inside these cruel boxes, that demise will be most welcomed.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The world's largest hog and pork buyer wants its contract farmers to move pregnant sows out of constrictive crates and into group houses, generally considered more humane, by 2022. The move is significant because independent farmers supply about 40 percent of the company's sows.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1389148323,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":522},"headData":{"title":"Smithfield Prods Its Pork Suppliers To Dump Pig Crates | KQED","description":"The world's largest hog and pork buyer wants its contract farmers to move pregnant sows out of constrictive crates and into group houses, generally considered more humane, by 2022. The move is significant because independent farmers supply about 40 percent of the company's sows.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Smithfield Prods Its Pork Suppliers To Dump Pig Crates","datePublished":"2014-01-08T02:32:03.000Z","dateModified":"2014-01-08T02:32:03.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"76184 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=76184","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/01/07/smithfield-prods-its-pork-suppliers-to-dump-pig-crates/","disqusTitle":"Smithfield Prods Its Pork Suppliers To Dump Pig Crates","nprByline":"Eliza Barclay","nprStoryId":"260439063","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=260439063&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/07/260439063/smithfield-prods-its-pork-suppliers-to-dump-pig-crates?ft=3&f=260439063","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 07 Jan 2014 16:55:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 07 Jan 2014 11:57:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 07 Jan 2014 16:55:57 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/76184/smithfield-prods-its-pork-suppliers-to-dump-pig-crates","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_76187\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 624px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/pig-crate.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/01/pig-crate.jpg\" alt=\"Breeding sows in crates at a subsidiary of Smithfield Foods in 2010. The photo was shot by the Humane Society as part of an undercover investigation. Photo: Humane Society/Associated Press\" width=\"624\" height=\"351\" class=\"size-full wp-image-76187\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Breeding sows in crates at a subsidiary of Smithfield Foods in 2010. The photo was shot by the Humane Society as part of an undercover investigation. Photo: Humane Society/Associated Press\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Eliza Barclay, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/07/260439063/smithfield-prods-its-pork-suppliers-to-dump-pig-crates\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/7/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smithfield, the world's largest hog and pork buyer, announced Tuesday that it's asking the independent farmers with whom it has contracts to get rid of stalls for pregnant sows to improve the animals' living conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To nudge these farmers to make the changes to their facilities by 2022, Smithfield is offering to extend their contracts once they've converted their gestational stalls into group houses, which are generally considered more humane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move is significant because 40 percent of Smithfield sows are raised on farms owned by independent farmers. The company has contracts with 2,100 farms across 12 states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smithfield, best known for its ham products, says it has already moved 54 percent of pregnant sows on its company-owned farms in the U.S. out of the the narrow stalls, known as gestation crates, and into group housing, per a \u003ca href=\"http://investors.smithfieldfoods.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=295899\">commitment\u003c/a> it made in 2007 to phase out the crates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hog industry's standard practice for years has been to confine pregnant sows in the 2-foot-wide steel crates for the length of their four-month pregnancies. The idea behind the crates is to keep the sows from squashing their babies, fighting and stealing each others' food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But animal welfare groups have long called the crates cruel and unnecessary, and pressured big producers like Smithfield to end the practice. Advocates argue that the crates restrict the animals' movement too much — the sows can't turn around at all — and are simply devices to pack as many animals into a house as possible. (Smithfield alone used 15.8 million hogs in 2012.) Group houses, by contrast, are bigger, and allow pregnant sows to come and go from their stalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smithfield's announcement comes as 60 of the world's largest food retailers – from \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/02/14/146863301/mcdonalds-teams-up-with-humane-society-to-phase-out-pig-crates\">McDonald's\u003c/a> to Safeway, Costco and Oscar Mayer – have said they won't tolerate gestation crates in their supply chains anymore, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2014/01/07/600779/10063123/en/Smithfield-Foods-Recommends-Its-Contract-Growers-Convert-to-Group-Housing-for-Pregnant-Sows.html\">press release\u003c/a>, Smithfield said that the change it is requesting is not required, but contract extensions \"will be less likely\" for farmers who keep gestation crates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We recognize that these projects require a significant investment on the part of our growers,\" C. Larry Pope, president and chief executive officer of Smithfield Foods, said in a statement. \"But a well-planned renovation to a group housing system will help maintain the farms' value for years to come, while at the same time supporting our companywide commitment to animal care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Humane Society of the U.S. says that Smithfield's announcement spells the eventual end of the gestation crate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Smithfield's announcement means certain death for the gestation crate in pork production,\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesociety.org/about/leadership/subject_experts/matthew-prescott.html\">Matthew Prescott\u003c/a>, food policy director for HSUS, tells The Salt. \"For the millions of pigs currently locked inside these cruel boxes, that demise will be most welcomed.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/76184/smithfield-prods-its-pork-suppliers-to-dump-pig-crates","authors":["byline_bayareabites_76184"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_11539","bayareabites_12603","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_12887","bayareabites_12886","bayareabites_11393","bayareabites_616","bayareabites_11977","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_76187","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_75751":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_75751","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"75751","score":null,"sort":[1388164469000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"2013-was-the-year-bills-to-criminalize-animal-cruelty-videos-failed","title":"2013 Was The Year Bills To Criminalize Animal Cruelty Videos Failed","publishDate":1388164469,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_75752\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/12/pigs-fffe58b09c339d9d1e979a71f2aa749b25bbf20f.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/12/pigs-fffe58b09c339d9d1e979a71f2aa749b25bbf20f.jpg\" alt=\"A Humane Society investigation of a Wyoming pig breeding facility to the introduction of an ag-gag bill in Wyoming, which eventually failed. Photo: Courtesy of Humane Society of the U.S.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"767\" class=\"size-full wp-image-75752\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Humane Society investigation of a Wyoming pig breeding facility to the introduction of an ag-gag bill in Wyoming, which eventually failed. Photo: Courtesy of Humane Society of the U.S.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Eliza Barclay, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/12/19/255549796/2013-was-the-year-every-new-ag-gag-bill-failed\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (12/27/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The past year was a busy one for the animal welfare activists who've turned their hidden cameras on confinement facilities where huge numbers of food animals are raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Livestock producers — and the policymakers they influence — were just as busy trying to make it illegal for activists to enter these facilities undercover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You see, for the last several years, groups like the Humane Society of the U.S. and Mercy for Animals have caught some workers abusing animals red-handed. The groups say this abuse happens regularly out of view of the public and the law, and to expose it, they have to send in activists posing as ordinary workers, armed with video cameras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shocking videos made public have rankled animal agriculture groups, and strained their relationships with retailers. They \u003ca href=\"http://nationalhogfarmer.com/blog/when-bad-videos-happen-good-pork-producers\">typically respond\u003c/a> that the videos aren't representative — they merely show one employee, doing the wrong thing at the wrong time. Industry groups, in turn, have pressured legislators in several states to introduce measures intended to protect them from these kinds of incursions into their business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The colloquial term for this legislation is ag-gag. It refers to laws that make it illegal to photograph or shoot videos of internal operations of farms where food animals are being raised. And awareness of such laws is growing: \"Ag gag\" was featured as one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/22/opinion/sunday/a-wordnado-of-words-in-2013.html\">words of the year\u003c/a> in Sunday's \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three states signed ag-gag bill into law in 2011 and 2012, setting new legal precedents. This year, a flurry of legislation — 15 ag-gag bills — was introduced in 11 states, but interestingly, \u003cem>not a single one passed.\u003c/em> (Indeed, in some states, more than one measure was introduced: Tennessee and Arkansas each had two, while Indiana had three.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What explains the failure of these bills, which either didn't get enough votes or were vetoed by governors? For details, we turned to \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesociety.org/about/leadership/subject_experts/matthew-dominguez.html\">Matt Dominguez\u003c/a>, who spent 2013 traveling around the U.S. fighting various ag-gag bills for the Humane Society of the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Dominguez, ag-gag laws failed this year because of a large and broad coalition opposing them that tapped its grass-roots network to hammer legislators with emails, phone calls and online campaigns. The coalition included animal welfare groups, of course, but also environmental groups like Food and Water Watch, and organizations that advocate for a free press, like the National Press Photographers Association, and legal issues, like the American Civil Liberties Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition also had public opinion on its side. A 2012 nationwide \u003ca href=\"http://www.aspca.org/about-us/press-releases/aspca-research-shows-americans-overwhelmingly-support-investigations-expose\">poll\u003c/a> commissioned by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals showed that 71 percent of Americans support undercover investigative efforts by animal welfare organizations to expose animal abuse on industrial farms, and 64 percent oppose making such efforts illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another advantage was high-profile media coverage from \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/07/us/taping-of-farm-cruelty-is-becoming-the-crime.html?_r=0\">The New York Times\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2013/06/ag-gag-laws-mowmar-farms\"> Mother Jones\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.rollingstone.com/feature/belly-beast-meat-factory-farms-animal-activists?src=longreads\">Rolling Stone\u003c/a>, plus dozens of editorials in newspapers condemning ag-gag, says Dominguez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the vociferous opposition, the trend seems to be towards more bills, not fewer, especially if investigations continue to paint damaging portraits of the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do an investigation that shows cruelty, and a legislator introduces one of these bills to criminalize investigations themselves,\" says Dominguez. He cited the example of the 2012 HSUS \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesociety.org/news/press_releases/2012/05/wyoming_pig_investigation_050812.html#id=album-142&num=content-2668\">investigation\u003c/a> that showed workers throwing piglets at Wyoming Premium Farms, which prompted Wyoming state legislator Sue Wallis to introduce an ag-gag bill in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's more, says Dominguez, lawmakers are trying to find new ways to keep activists off the farm. The original ag-gag bills made it illegal to take photos and video, but now some states are instead attempting to pass mandatory reporting bills. They would require anyone who witnesses and videotapes abuse on a farm to turn recordings over to the state within 24 to 48 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It seems like it would be pro-animal, but it means you can't document a series of abuses,\" Dominguez says. \"And then the industry can say, 'This is an isolated incident.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/04/11/a-legal-twist-in-the-effort-to-ban-cameras-from-livestock-plants/\">reported\u003c/a> earlier in the year, California introduced a measure that would have required that anyone who videotapes or records animal abuse turn over a copy of the evidence to police within 48 hours. It failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what might next year hold for animal activists fighting ag-gag laws?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dominguez expects that 2014 will be a lot like 2013, and that 10 to 15 bills will come back in various states, since many legislators work on a two-year cycle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They'll likely come back in the states where we've been fighting, and in new states,\" says Dominguez. \"Lawmakers view it that they were beat by animal rights groups. They'll tweak the bills, make them more like animal protection bills to dupe the public.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"This year, 15 bills in 11 states attempted to make undercover videos on farms illegal. Not a single one passed. Activists say a broad-based coalition that tapped the grass-roots concern for animal welfare helped defeat the measures.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1388164469,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":855},"headData":{"title":"2013 Was The Year Bills To Criminalize Animal Cruelty Videos Failed | KQED","description":"This year, 15 bills in 11 states attempted to make undercover videos on farms illegal. Not a single one passed. Activists say a broad-based coalition that tapped the grass-roots concern for animal welfare helped defeat the measures.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"2013 Was The Year Bills To Criminalize Animal Cruelty Videos Failed","datePublished":"2013-12-27T17:14:29.000Z","dateModified":"2013-12-27T17:14:29.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"75751 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=75751","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/12/27/2013-was-the-year-bills-to-criminalize-animal-cruelty-videos-failed/","disqusTitle":"2013 Was The Year Bills To Criminalize Animal Cruelty Videos Failed","nprByline":"Eliza Barclay","nprStoryId":"255549796","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=255549796&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/12/19/255549796/2013-was-the-year-every-new-ag-gag-bill-failed?ft=3&f=255549796","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 27 Dec 2013 11:52:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 27 Dec 2013 10:39:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 27 Dec 2013 11:52:19 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/75751/2013-was-the-year-bills-to-criminalize-animal-cruelty-videos-failed","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_75752\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/12/pigs-fffe58b09c339d9d1e979a71f2aa749b25bbf20f.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/12/pigs-fffe58b09c339d9d1e979a71f2aa749b25bbf20f.jpg\" alt=\"A Humane Society investigation of a Wyoming pig breeding facility to the introduction of an ag-gag bill in Wyoming, which eventually failed. Photo: Courtesy of Humane Society of the U.S.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"767\" class=\"size-full wp-image-75752\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Humane Society investigation of a Wyoming pig breeding facility to the introduction of an ag-gag bill in Wyoming, which eventually failed. Photo: Courtesy of Humane Society of the U.S.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Eliza Barclay, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/12/19/255549796/2013-was-the-year-every-new-ag-gag-bill-failed\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (12/27/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The past year was a busy one for the animal welfare activists who've turned their hidden cameras on confinement facilities where huge numbers of food animals are raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Livestock producers — and the policymakers they influence — were just as busy trying to make it illegal for activists to enter these facilities undercover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You see, for the last several years, groups like the Humane Society of the U.S. and Mercy for Animals have caught some workers abusing animals red-handed. The groups say this abuse happens regularly out of view of the public and the law, and to expose it, they have to send in activists posing as ordinary workers, armed with video cameras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shocking videos made public have rankled animal agriculture groups, and strained their relationships with retailers. They \u003ca href=\"http://nationalhogfarmer.com/blog/when-bad-videos-happen-good-pork-producers\">typically respond\u003c/a> that the videos aren't representative — they merely show one employee, doing the wrong thing at the wrong time. Industry groups, in turn, have pressured legislators in several states to introduce measures intended to protect them from these kinds of incursions into their business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The colloquial term for this legislation is ag-gag. It refers to laws that make it illegal to photograph or shoot videos of internal operations of farms where food animals are being raised. And awareness of such laws is growing: \"Ag gag\" was featured as one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/22/opinion/sunday/a-wordnado-of-words-in-2013.html\">words of the year\u003c/a> in Sunday's \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three states signed ag-gag bill into law in 2011 and 2012, setting new legal precedents. This year, a flurry of legislation — 15 ag-gag bills — was introduced in 11 states, but interestingly, \u003cem>not a single one passed.\u003c/em> (Indeed, in some states, more than one measure was introduced: Tennessee and Arkansas each had two, while Indiana had three.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What explains the failure of these bills, which either didn't get enough votes or were vetoed by governors? For details, we turned to \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesociety.org/about/leadership/subject_experts/matthew-dominguez.html\">Matt Dominguez\u003c/a>, who spent 2013 traveling around the U.S. fighting various ag-gag bills for the Humane Society of the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Dominguez, ag-gag laws failed this year because of a large and broad coalition opposing them that tapped its grass-roots network to hammer legislators with emails, phone calls and online campaigns. The coalition included animal welfare groups, of course, but also environmental groups like Food and Water Watch, and organizations that advocate for a free press, like the National Press Photographers Association, and legal issues, like the American Civil Liberties Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition also had public opinion on its side. A 2012 nationwide \u003ca href=\"http://www.aspca.org/about-us/press-releases/aspca-research-shows-americans-overwhelmingly-support-investigations-expose\">poll\u003c/a> commissioned by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals showed that 71 percent of Americans support undercover investigative efforts by animal welfare organizations to expose animal abuse on industrial farms, and 64 percent oppose making such efforts illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another advantage was high-profile media coverage from \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/07/us/taping-of-farm-cruelty-is-becoming-the-crime.html?_r=0\">The New York Times\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2013/06/ag-gag-laws-mowmar-farms\"> Mother Jones\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.rollingstone.com/feature/belly-beast-meat-factory-farms-animal-activists?src=longreads\">Rolling Stone\u003c/a>, plus dozens of editorials in newspapers condemning ag-gag, says Dominguez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the vociferous opposition, the trend seems to be towards more bills, not fewer, especially if investigations continue to paint damaging portraits of the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do an investigation that shows cruelty, and a legislator introduces one of these bills to criminalize investigations themselves,\" says Dominguez. He cited the example of the 2012 HSUS \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesociety.org/news/press_releases/2012/05/wyoming_pig_investigation_050812.html#id=album-142&num=content-2668\">investigation\u003c/a> that showed workers throwing piglets at Wyoming Premium Farms, which prompted Wyoming state legislator Sue Wallis to introduce an ag-gag bill in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's more, says Dominguez, lawmakers are trying to find new ways to keep activists off the farm. The original ag-gag bills made it illegal to take photos and video, but now some states are instead attempting to pass mandatory reporting bills. They would require anyone who witnesses and videotapes abuse on a farm to turn recordings over to the state within 24 to 48 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It seems like it would be pro-animal, but it means you can't document a series of abuses,\" Dominguez says. \"And then the industry can say, 'This is an isolated incident.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/04/11/a-legal-twist-in-the-effort-to-ban-cameras-from-livestock-plants/\">reported\u003c/a> earlier in the year, California introduced a measure that would have required that anyone who videotapes or records animal abuse turn over a copy of the evidence to police within 48 hours. It failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what might next year hold for animal activists fighting ag-gag laws?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dominguez expects that 2014 will be a lot like 2013, and that 10 to 15 bills will come back in various states, since many legislators work on a two-year cycle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They'll likely come back in the states where we've been fighting, and in new states,\" says Dominguez. \"Lawmakers view it that they were beat by animal rights groups. They'll tweak the bills, make them more like animal protection bills to dupe the public.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/75751/2013-was-the-year-bills-to-criminalize-animal-cruelty-videos-failed","authors":["byline_bayareabites_75751"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_11540","bayareabites_11539","bayareabites_12575","bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_12850","bayareabites_8914","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_75759","label":"bayareabites"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. 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